（新高考）2022届高考英语考前冲刺卷（八）解析版

（新高考）2022届高考考前冲刺卷英语（八）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThere'sgoodnewsandbadnewsforflowerfansthisspringinWashingtonstate.Goodnews-TheTulip(郁金香)FestivalinSkagitCountyplanstoreturnfor2021withnewrules,andwithreservedticketsavailableforTulipTown.AttendancewillbelimitedatTulipTownthisyear,butitisplanningtoopenearlierandstayopenlater.Asinanypublicplacestatewide,facecoveringsarerequired.AsofMarch7,thetulipswerenotyetblossominginSkagitCounty.WhentheystarttoblossomeachyeardependsontheweatherinMarch,butmid-Aprilishistoricallythepeakfortulipblossominthegardensandfields.Badnews:TheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattleisaskingpeopletoviewthecherryblossomsfromhomeagainthisyearinordertoreducecrowdingandlimitthespreadofCOVID-19,UWVideohasalivewebcamoverlookingthecampus,andthere’savirtualtourwithphotosfromcampusthatwillbeupdatedthroughouttheblossomseason.TherearedozensofdifferentvarietiesofblossomingcherryandplumtreesintheSeattlearea,withblossomsvisiblefromearlyFebruaryuntilMayforsome.1.WhatisthebesttimetoenjoyTulip?A.March. B.February. C.April. D.May.2.Whichplaceisrecommendedtoadmirecherryblossoms?A.SkagitCounty. B.TulipTown. C.Theweb. D.UWcampus.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toinform. B.Toexplain. C.Topersuade. D.Toeducate.【答案】1-3CCA【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要告诉华盛顿州的花迷们有关赏花的好消息和坏消息。1.细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhentheystarttoblossomeachyeardependsontheweatherinMarch,butmid-Aprilishistoricallythepeakfortulipblossominthegardensandfields.(每年郁金香何时开始开花取决于三月的天气，但从历史上看，四月中旬是花园和田野郁金香开花的高峰期)”可知，欣赏郁金香最好的时间是四月份。故选C。2.推理判断题。根据第四段中“TheUniversityofWashingtoninSeattleisaskingpeopletoviewthecherryblossomsfromhomeagainthisyearinordertoreducecrowdingandlimitthespreadofCOVID-19,UWVideohasalivewebcamoverlookingthecampus,andthere'savirtualtourwithphotosfromcampusthatwillbeupdatedthroughouttheblossomseason.(西雅图的华盛顿大学今年再次要求人们在家里观赏樱花，以减少拥挤和限制COVID-19的传播，UW视频有一个俯瞰校园的实时网络摄像头，还有一个虚拟的参观，里面有校园照片，整个花季都会更新)”可知，人们被要求在家里通过网上视频和图片来欣赏樱花，也就是建议人们在网络上赏樱花。故选C。3.推理判断题。根据第一段“There’sgoodnewsandbadnewsforflowerfansthisspringinWashingtonstate.(对今年春天华盛顿州的花迷们来说，有好消息也有坏消息)”接着介绍了好消息和坏消息分别是什么，所以本文主要就是告诉，通知一些消息的。故选A。BLikemanyKenyanswhotrytheirhandsatsomethingearningthemsomeextraincome,RobinaBosiboriandherhusbandhadtriedraisingchickensintheircourtyard.Whentheystartedkeepingthechickenstwoyearsago,theyhadhopedtheywouldmultiply,allowingthemtoselleggsandchickenstotheirneighbors.However,withthecouplebeingworkingparents,thechickensdidnotgettheattentiontheydeservedandatthebeginningofthisyear,theyonlyhad10chickens.Luckily,theirfortunesbegantochangeafterthenovelcoronaviruspandemic(新冠疫情)struckandschoolswereclosed.Notwantingthechildrentospendthewholedaywatchingtelevision,BosiboristartedallocatingthemdutiesaroundthehouseandnoticedthatherdaughterAshleighhaddevelopedgreatinterestinthechickens.Sincethechickenswerenotdoingsowellatthetime,Ashleighwouldgetemotionalifanychickendied.Shedecidedtodedicatehertimetoimprovingtheconditionstheywerelivingin.Shegavethemwaterandfoodregularly.Shealsoaskedherparentstohavethesickchickenstreated.Bythetimeshestartedpayingattentiontothechickens,therewereonlyeightofthem.Butcurrently,thefamilyhavealmost100chicksandchickens.AccordingtoAshleigh,shefacedchallengesatthebeginningbecausethechickenskeptfallingillanddying.Inaddition,thehenhousewasoldanduncomfortableforthechickensandeggstogether.Shemadeherparentsrealizethattheoldhousewouldwastealotofchickenfeed.Therefore,theydecidedtoinvestinanewandbiggerhenhouseinthehopeofofferingbetterconditionsforthechickens.Byspendingtimewiththechickens,Ashleighdevelopedabondwiththem.Shebelievedthatshehadlearnedalotbytakingcareofthechickensandtheinterestwouldcarryonevenafterschoolswerereopened.4.Whydidthechickenskeepdyingatthebeginning?A.Theywerenotproperlyattended. B.Thepandemicstrucksuddenly.C.Anewhenhousewasconstructed. D.Ashleighwasinterestedinchickens.5.WhatdidAshleighdoafterschoolswereclosed?A.ShespentthewholedaywatchingTV. B.Sheallocateddutiesaroundthehouse.C.Shetookcareofthechickenscarefully. D.Shedevelopedabondwithherbrothers.6.Whatwastheproblemwiththeoldhenhouse?A.Itstoppedthesickchickensfrombeingtreated.B.Itseparatedhensfromtheireggsandchickens.C.Itprovidedbetterconditionsforthechickens.D.Itwastedchickenfeedandwasuncomfortable.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthisstory?A.Eastorwest,homeisthebest. B.Hardworkpaysoffintheend.C.Wherethere’slife,there’shope. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4-7ACDB【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对肯尼亚家庭的夫妻由于工作忙碌疏于对鸡群的照顾，使得小鸡的数量大大减少。他们的女儿Ashleigh却在学校停课后对小鸡们产生了感情，并对它们悉心照顾，从而逐渐增加了小鸡的数量，为家庭带来了收益。4.推理判断题。根据第一段中“thechickensdidnotgettheattentiontheydeservedandatthebeginningofthisyear,theyonlyhad10chickens.（这些鸡没有得到应有的关注，今年年初，他们只有10只鸡。）”可知，因为在最初的时候没有得到恰当的照料，所以才导致小鸡们持续的死掉。故选A项。5.推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Shedecidedtodedicatehertimetoimprovingtheconditionstheywerelivingin.Shegavethemwaterandfoodregularly.（她决定把时间花在改善他们的生活条件上。她定期给他们水和食物。）”可知，Ashleigh在学校关闭之后，把时间都用来照顾小鸡们。故选C项。6.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“thehenhousewasoldanduncomfortableforthechickens（鸡舍又旧又不舒服）”和“Shemadeherparentsrealizethattheoldhousewouldwastealotofchickenfeed.（她使她的父母意识到那座老鸡舍会浪费很多饲料。）”可知，老鸡舍的存在的问题是不舒服和浪费饲料。故选D项。7.推理判断题。A.Eastorwest,homeisthebest.金窝银窝不如自己的草窝；B.Hardworkpaysoffintheend.努力工作终有回报；C.Wherethere’slife,there’shope.有生命必有希望；D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.教育是成功的关键。文章讲述了主人公Ashleigh通过自己的努力，对小鸡们悉心照顾，从而大大增加了小鸡的数量，也从中学到了很多道理，并为家庭带来了收益。她的经历告诉我们努力工作终将得到回报。故选B项。CAt9amonaWednesday,GabyRountreewavesgoodbyetoMilaassheispickeduptogotodaycareinMexicoCity.“Ithasmadehersoindependent,sofriendlyandsolovelywithothers,”MsRountreesaysjoyfully.Sheshutsthefrontdoorandturnstohomeschoolinghertwochildren.ForMilaisnotachild,butthefamilydog.SchoolsandnurserieshavebeenshutinMexicoforayearowingtothepandemic.Butdoggydaycareisbooming.Doggycarersofferclaw-trimsandletbelovedpetsplayoutdoors.“Manyclientsnowhaveahomeofficeorareworriedabouttheirdogsbecomingtooattachedtothem,”explainsMontserrat,anownerofadogday-carecentre,asshestrokesatinydogonherlap.Thefacility,intherichneighbourhood,alsohasacampwheredogscanspendarelaxingweekendinthecountryside.Mexico'srisingpassionfordogshascoincided(同时发生)withfallinghumanfertility.Inthemid-1980s,aMexicanwomancouldexpecttohavefourchildren;now,onlytwo.Inthelongrun,aspeoplehavegrownricherandthereturnstoeducationhaverisen,familieshaveshrunk.Forsome,adogisalovablesubstitute.Themostdevotedownersbuyclothesandthrowbirthdaypartiesfortheirdogs.Manyrestaurantswelcomedogsandprovidedrinkingwater.Somerestaurantsevenofferafulldoggymenu.Parkshave“doggyareas”.Petbeautysalonsprovidenotonlybathsandtrimsbutmassagesandacupuncture,too.Mexico’sspoiltpetsareprobablyenjoyingthepandemicmorethanitslocked—downkids.Byoneestimate,nearlytwo-thirdsofthechildrenhavemissedayearofschoolbecauseofcoronavirus.FormotherssuchasMsRountreedoggydaycareofferssomerelieffromcovid-inducedhardboringwork.Butshewillnotstopworryinguntilherchildren,too,areletoffthechainandbackintotheclassroom.8.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.MilaishighlythoughtofbyMsRountree.B.MsRountreeisawell-receivedonlineteacher.C.Milaenjoysherdaywithotherchildrenatcarecenter.D.MsRountree’schildrenarewelltakencareofatcarecenter.9.Whatmaybethereasonforthedoggydaycare’spopularityinMexico?A.Dogsliketoplayinthecenter.B.Dogsareinfectedwithpandemic.C.Schoolandnurseriesarecloseddown.D.Manycitizenshavetoworkathome.10.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph3?A.HowMexicobecomesricher.B.WhyMexicanslovetoraisedogs.C.HowMexicanscarefortheirdogs.D.WhyMexicohasadecliningpopulation.11.What'sthepresentsituationofthekidsinMexico?A.Theyareabouttoreturntoschool.B.Theyaresecondtothedogsathome.C.Theyhavetoattendtheirdogsathome.D.Mostofthemareabsentfromschoolforayear.【答案】8-11ADBD【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在墨西哥，人们对宠物尤其是狗的宠爱和热情如日剧增，狗狗日托中心蓬勃发展。8.推理判断题。根据第一段中““Ithasmadehersoindependent,sofriendlyandsolovelywithothers,”MsRountreesaysjoyfully.(“这让她变得如此独立，如此友好，与他人相处如此可爱，”Rountree女士高兴地说)”可知，这是Rountree女士对她的狗Mila的正面、积极的评价，所以可推知Rountree女士高度赞扬她的狗Mila，故选A。9.推理判断题。根据第二段中““Manyclientsnowhaveahomeofficeorareworriedabouttheirdogsbecomingtooattachedtothem,”explainsMontserrat,anownerofadogday-carecentre,asshestrokesatinydogonherlap.(Montserrat是一家狗狗日托中心的老板，她一边抚摸着膝盖上的一只小狗，一边解释说：“现在很多客户都有了家庭办公室，或者担心他们的狗对他们过于依赖”)”可知，很多人需要在家里工作，或者避免狗狗对自己过于依赖，所以会把狗送到狗狗日托中心，这样就使得狗狗日托很受欢迎。由此推知，许多人不得不在家工作是墨西哥狗狗日托中心蓬勃发展的原因。故选D。10.主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Mexico'srisingpassionfordogshascoincided(同时发生)withfallinghumanfertility.Inthemid-1980s,aMexicanwomancouldexpecttohavefourchildren;now,onlytwo.Inthelongrun,aspeoplehavegrownricherandthereturnstoeducationhaverisen,familieshaveshrunk.Forsome,adogisalovablesubstitute.(墨西哥对狗的热情与日俱增，同时人类的生育力在下降。在20世纪80年代中期，一名墨西哥妇女可能会有四个孩子；现在，只有两个。从长远来看，随着人们越来越富有，教育回报率上升，家庭规模缩小。对有些人来说，狗是可爱的替代品)”可知，本段主要介绍了为什么墨西哥人喜欢养狗，故选B。11.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Byoneestimate,nearlytwo-thirdsofthechildrenhavemissedayearofschoolbecauseofcoronavirus.(据估计，近三分之二的儿童因冠状病毒而缺课一年)”可知，现在，大多数墨西哥儿童缺课一年了，故选D。DAtthestartofnearlyeverydoctor’svisit,chancesarethatyouwillbeaskedtogetyourweightmeasured.Butmanyconversationsaroundweighthavebecomeanobstacle,notahelp,inthecampaigntomakepeoplehealthier.Doctors’recommendationstodroppoundsarestillextremelycommon,eventhoughusingbodysizeasaone-size-fits-allwaycanleadtoignoranceofthecomplexityofanindividual’sparticularphysiology.Manystudieshaveshownheavierpeopleareathigherriskforhighbloodpressure,diabetesandotherdiseases.Butthebigpictureisnotthewholepicture.Researchershaveidentifiedsomefatpeopleconsideredtobe“metabolicallyhealthy”.However,oneinterestingreportpublishedin2016foundthatunhealthythinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesashealthyfatpeople.Clearly,althoughtheassociationbetweenbeingoverweightanddiseaseisveryreal,individualexperiencecanvarygreatlyanddependsonpersonalphysiologyandbehavior.Despitesuchfindings,amongthemoreterribleeffectsofweight-centralhealthcarearetheincreasedshameexperiencedbytheoverweight.Thewell-reportedexperienceofnumerousfatpeopleisthatdoctorsoftensetweightlosswithoutexaminingthem.Researchoverthepasttwodecadeshasshownthathealthprofessionalshavenegativeattitudestowardfatpeople.Notonlythatbutdoctors’appointmentswithfatpatientsareshorteronaverage,andsomerefusetoseethesepatientsatall,astheSouthFloridaSunSentinelreportedin2011.Suchprejudicedpracticeskeeppeoplefromregularannualexamsandpreventthedetectionofserioushiddenconditions.Topracticeevidence-basedmedicine,doctorsshouldstoprelyingonweightaloneasanindicatorofhealthandquicklysettingoutweightlosstotreathealthdiseases.Instead,doctorsshouldfocusonbehavioralchangestoimprovehealthoutcomes.Peopleofallsizesareentitledtoevidence-basedtreatmentsandkeepthemhealthy.12.Whatistheunderlinedphrase“aone-size-fits-allway”inParagraph1referto?A.Analternativeway. B.Atemporaryway.C.Auniquesolution. D.Aperfectsolution.13.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2?A.Eachheavyindividualisathigherriskfordiseases.B.Fatpeopleareconsideredtobemetabolicallyhealthy.C.Notallfatpeoplesufferhighbloodpressureordiabetes.D.Thinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesasfatones.14.Howdoestheauthorconvinceusoftheeffectsofweight-centralhealthcare?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Byquotingopinions.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.WeightShame. B.WeightLoss,Healthgains.C.WeightEffects. D.OnlyWeightIsNotEnough.【答案】12-15DCCD【解析】这是一篇说明文。如今许多医生将体重看作衡量一个人是否健康的标准，尽管许多研究表明，体重较重的人患高血压、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险更高，但是有报告称不健康的瘦人患糖尿病的可能性是健康的胖子的两倍。文章说明了以体重为中心的医疗保健中心对人们的不良影响，指出医生应该停止仅仅依靠体重作为健康指标，并迅速将减肥作为治疗健康疾病的手段。12.词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Atthestartofnearlyeverydoctor’svisit,chancesarethatyouwillbeaskedtogetyourweightmeasured.(在几乎每一个医生就诊的开始，都有可能要求你测量体重)”；“Doctors’recommendationstodroppoundsarestillextremelycommon,eventhoughusingbodysizeas”以及后文“canleadtoignoranceofthecomplexityofanindividual’sparticularphysiology”可知，医生的减肥建议是使用体型判断一个人是否健康，但这可能会导致忽视个人特殊生理的复杂性，可推测医生是将使用体型来判断一个人体重是否正常视为一个完美的解决方案。画线词意思为“一个完美的解决方案”。故选D。13.细节理解题。根据第二段“Manystudieshaveshownheavierpeopleareathigherriskforhighbloodpressure,diabetesandotherdiseases.Butthebigpictureisnotthewholepicture.Researchershaveidentifiedsomefatpeopleconsideredtobe“metabolicallyhealthy”.However,oneinterestingreportpublishedin2016foundthatunhealthythinpeopleweretwiceaslikelytogetdiabetesashealthyfatpeople.Clearly,althoughtheassociationbetweenbeingoverweightanddiseaseisveryreal,individualexperiencecanvarygreatlyanddependsonpersonalphysiologyandbehavior.(许多研究表明，体重较重的人患高血压、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险更高。但大局并不是全貌。研究人员已经确认了一些被认为“新陈代谢健康”的肥胖人群。然而，2016年发表的一份有趣的报告发现，不健康的瘦人患糖尿病的可能性是健康的胖子的两倍。显然，虽然超重和疾病之间的联系是非常真实的，但个人的经历可能会有很大的不同，这取决于个人的生理和行为)”可知，并非所有肥胖的人都患有高血压或糖尿病。故选C。14.推理判断题。根据第三段“Despitesuchfindings,amongthemoreterribleeffectsofweight-centralhealthcarearetheincreasedshameexperiencedbytheoverweight.Thewell-reportedexperienceofnumerousfatpeopleisthatdoctorsoftensetweightlosswithoutexaminingthem.Researchoverthepasttwodecadeshasshownthathealthprofessionalshavenegativeattitudestowardfatpeople.Notonlythatbutdoctors’appointmentswithfatpatientsareshorteronaverage,andsomerefusetoseethesepatientsatall,astheSouthFloridaSunSentinelreportedin2011.Suchprejudicedpracticeskeeppeoplefromregularannualexamsandpreventthedetectionofserioushiddenconditions.(尽管有这样的发现，在以体重为中心的医疗保健的更可怕的影响中，超重的人感到越来越羞愧。大量肥胖人士的经历被广为报道，医生经常在不检查的情况下就设定减肥计划。过去二十年的研究表明，健康专家对肥胖人士持负面态度。不仅如此，据南佛罗里达太阳哨兵报2011年的报道，医生与肥胖患者的预约时间平均要短一些，有些甚至根本不愿见这些患者。这种偏见的做法使人们无法定期进行年度检查，也无法发现严重的隐患)”可推知，作者通过举例让我们相信体重中心保健的影响。故选C。15.主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Topracticeevidence-basedmedicine,doctorsshouldstoprelyingonweightaloneasanindicatorofhealthandquicklysettingoutweightlosstotreathealthdiseases.Instead,doctorsshouldfocusonbehavioralchangestoimprovehealthoutcomes.Peopleofallsizesareentitledtoevidence-basedtreatmentsandkeepthemhealthy.(要实践循证医学，医生应该停止仅仅依靠体重作为健康指标，并迅速将减肥作为治疗健康疾病的手段。相反，医生应该关注行为上的改变，以改善健康结果。各种体型的人都有权接受循证治疗并保持健康)”结合文章说明了如今许多医生将体重看作衡量一个人是否健康的标准，尽管许多研究表明，体重较重的人患高血压、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险更高，但是有报告称不健康的瘦人患糖尿病的可能性是健康的胖子的两倍。文章说明了以体重为中心的医疗保健中心对人们的不良影响，指出医生应该停止仅仅依靠体重作为健康指标，并迅速将减肥作为治疗健康疾病的手段。可知，D选项“健不健康关看体重是不够的”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WillCovid-19KilltheHandshake?Thehandshakemightdatebacktothe14thcentury,whenknightsandsoldierswouldextendtheirunclenched（松开的）righthandstowardeachotheringreetingtoshowthattheywerecarryingnoweapons.___16___Orrather,itstendencyforpickingupandholdingontogerms(细菌)frompollutedsurfaces,orfromourowneyesornoseswhenwehavecertainillnesses.Thosegermscanthenbetransferredintothehandsofthepeoplewegreet,whilewecanpickuptheirgerms.Wethenwillprobablytouchourowneyesornosesormouths,potentiallysickeningourselvesandrestartingthecycle.Nowthatanovelcoronavirusisspreadingfast,ourhandsarebeingcastinanew,doubtfullight.___17___Andlately,theInternethasbeenfullofsuggestionsforsociallyacceptablewaystogreeteachotherthatdon'tinvolvepassinggermsalongunintentionallyfromonepersontothenext.___18___Infact,thetraditionofshakinghandsisn’ttheonlygreetingtotakeafreshlook.AMaoritribeinNewZealandputthebrakesonhongi,thetraditionalnose-to-nosehello.___19___MaybepeoplewillstopmakingfunoftheHollywoodairkiss,thoughit’snotahugeimprovementhealth-wise.COVID-19isarealthreat,andweshouldn'ttakethewarninglightly.Wemay,indeed,needtokeepourhandstoourselvesforthetimebeing.Butwe’renotreadytosendhandshakeintothedustbinofhistory.Humanslongformakingaphysicalconnectionwithfriends.Fornow,perhaps,aregretfulsmileandnodmightworkasasharedacknowledgment.___20___A.Couldwehugeachotherornod?B.Couldthisbetheendofthehandshake?C.Asweallknow,shakinghandshasbecomeahabit.D.Afterall,ourfriendlyintentionswerenottoinfectorbeinfectedbyothers.E.Thesedays,itwouldseem,thepotentialweaponisn'taknife,butthehanditself.F.We’rebeingdrilledinhandwashingtechniquesasifwewereallsecond-graders.G.TheFrenchhavebeenadvisedtoabandonthefamiliarkissonthecheekgreeting.【答案】16-20EFBGD【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要针对新冠肺炎是否终结握手礼仪提出了自己的看法。16.第一段主要讲述握手的历史可能始于14世纪，空句后的句意：或者更确切地说，我们的手容易从被污染的表面沾到或者附着到细菌，或者当我们生病时，从我们的眼睛或者鼻子上沾到细菌。故空句应该是与手有关，同时E项中的Thesedays和the14thcentury相呼应，第二段orrather是承接空句来的，应该是对空句的解释。故选E项。17.从空句后的句子：“最近，网上到处是建议，建议人们用大众可接受的、不会导致病毒在不经意间人传人的方式相互问候。”可知人们握手后担心沾染到病菌，因此“我们就像小学二年级的孩子一般，被迫练习洗手的技巧”来避免沾染细菌，前后句意相衔接。18.从后句句意“握手礼仪并非唯一一个受到新的审视的问候方式。”可知B项“这会不会是握手礼仪的终结？”正确。19.本段都是在举例说明受到新的审视的问候方式。G项“法国人被建议放弃熟悉的亲吻脸颊的问候方式。”也是举例。故选G。20.上句句意：“或许，就目前而言，面带遗憾的微笑和点头能够可能是一种共同的认可。”可知下句“毕竟，我们的友好意图并不是去感染别人，也不是被别人感染。”符合句意。第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombia,asciencecareerwithNASAmayseemimpossible.Trujillo,however,isanaerospace___21___wholeadsateamattheNASAlaboratory___22___fortheroboticarmofthelatestMarsrover(火星探测器).HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverseto___23___exploringit?That'sataleof___24___writteninthestars.Bornin1983,evenasayounggirlTrujillowas___25___ofherpassionforscience.Butshedoubtedhowfarshe'dbeableto___26___inamale-dominatedfield.ThenherdadofferedtosendhertoMiami.Only17atthetime,she___27___theoffer.Trujillotookaseriesofhousekeeping___28___toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.Sometimesshewascleaningbathroomstohelppayherwaythroughher___29___.Butshedidn’t___30___“saweverythingcomingmywayasanopportunity.”Thencameanotherlife-changingmoment.ShebecamethefirstHispanic(西班牙语国家的)womantobe___31___totheNASAAcademy.Later,shebecameanengineeratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.ThisFebruary,whenthePerseverancerover___32___onthesurfaceofMars,itwas___33___bycommentary(解说)fromTrujilloinNASA'sfirst-everSpanish-language___34___.Trujillo’sownstoryis___35___thatjustbeyondthebarrierliesanentireuniverseofopportunitieswaitingforanyonewillingtoworkhardenoughtoreachforthestars.21.A.astronaut B.pilot C.engineer D.guide22.A.eager B.responsible C.concerned D.grateful23.A.actually B.hardly C.precisely D.repeatedly24.A.innocence B.kindness C.perseverance D.sympathy25.A.certain B.tolerant C.afraid D.fond26.A.respond B.rise C.invest D.apply27.A.madeup B.turnedup C.pickedup D.tookup28.A.measures B.activities C.jobs D.courses29.A.studies B.purchases C.recreations D.trips30.A.skip B.panic C.reform D.complain31.A.applied B.admitted C.assigned D.introduced32.A.originated B.sank C.landed D.waited33.A.accompanied B.restricted C.enhanced D.teased34.A.theory B.broadcast C.criticism D.performance35.A.enterprise B.information C.competence D.proof【答案】21-25CBACA26-30BDCAD31-35BCABD【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Trujillo作为一位女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为了美国宇航局的工程师的故事。21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Trujillo是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A.astronaut宇航员；B.pilot飞行员；C.engineer工程师；D.guide指导；向导。根据下文“Later,shebecameanengineeratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.”可知她成为美国宇航局工程师，所以此处表示她是航天“工程师”，故选C。22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.eager渴望的；B.responsible负责任的；C.concerned担心的；D.grateful感激的。此空是前面laboratory的后置定语，根据句意以及选项意思，可知此处表示的是这个实验室的职责，beresponsiblefor“负责……”，故选B。23.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo是如何从只是梦想着宇宙变成真正的探索宇宙的呢？A.actually事实上；B.hardly几乎不；C.precisely准确地；D.repeatedly重复地。此空对应了此句中的“dreamingabout”，要表示的是“从梦想变成了现实”，在现实中真正的探索宇宙。故选A。24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一个写在星空中的有关毅力的故事。A.innocence无辜；无罪；B.kindness善良；C.perseverance毅力；D.sympathy同情。根据文章开头“ForalittlegirlgrowingupinColombia,asciencecareerwithNASAmayseemimpossible.”可知对于一个女孩要进入美国宇航局工作是非常难的一件事，而这位女孩做到了，结合选项，所以此处表达她的整个经历是一个关于毅力和坚持的故事。当然通读文章，下文对于女孩故事的介绍，也可知道她的成长经历是一个有关毅力的故事，故选C。25.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo出生于1983年，尽管她还是个小女孩，但她肯定自己对科学的热情。A.certain确信的；B.tolerant容忍的；宽容的；C.afraid害怕的；担心的；D.fond喜爱的。根据上文“HowdidTrujillogofromsimplydreamingabouttheuniverseto___23___exploringit?”可知她一直梦想着探索宇宙，结合此句中的even，所以此处表达甚至在她还很小时，就确定了对科学的追求和喜爱，故选A。26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她不确定自己在一个男性主导的领域地位能提高多少。A.respond回应；B.rise上升；地位提高；C.invest投资；投入；D.apply申请；应用。根据空后“inamale-dominatedfield”在男性主导的领域，结合句意以及选项，可知此处表达在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujillo不知道的努力和坚持让自己能走多远，地位能提高多少，故选B。27.考查动词短语辨析。句意：当时只有17岁，她接受了这个提议。A.madeup编造；B.turnedup出现；调大；C.pickedup捡起；学会；D.tookup接受（建议或主意）；占据。上文“ThenherdadofferedtosendhertoMiami.”她爸爸提出送她去迈阿密，下文“Trujillotookaseriesofhousekeeping___28___toputherselfthroughMiamiDadeCollege.”提到她去迈阿密上大学，所以此处表示，她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。故选D。28.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo做了一系列家务活，让自己读完了迈阿密戴德学院。A.measures措施；B.activities活动；C.jobs工作；D.courses课程。根据空前定语housekeeping，以及此句句意，可知，此处表达她给别人做家务活，也就是通过家务工作，挣钱让自己完成学业，故选C。29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她打扫浴室以帮助她完成学业。A.studies学习；研究；B.purchases购买的东西；C.recreations休闲活动；D.trips旅行。上题分析提到她做家务帮助她读完大学，结合选项，所以此处表示她打扫浴室帮助她完成学业，故选A。30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有抱怨，她把一切都看成是一个机会。A.skip略过；B.panic惊慌；C.reform改革；D.complain抱怨。上题分析中提到为了完成学业，她要做家务，打扫浴室，此句用到转折词“but”，以及空后“Isaweverythingcomingmywayasanopportunity”她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以此处表达，尽管学习完成不易，但是她不抱怨，故选D。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成为第一个被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙女性。A.applied申请；应用；B.admitted承认；准许……进入；C.assigned分配；分派；D.introduced介绍。上文“Thencameanotherlife-changingmoment.”接着又是一个改变人生的时刻，所以此处表示她被美国宇航局学院录取，这是它人生的转折点，beadmittedto“被……录取”，故选B。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujillo的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A.originated起源；B.sank下沉；C.landed降落；着陆；D.waited等待。根据此空的主语，空后地点状语以及选项，可知此处表示的是“毅力号”在火星表面着陆，故选C。33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A.accompanied陪伴；伴随；B.restricted限制；C.enhanced增强；D.teased取笑；戏弄。结合上题分析以及句意和选项，可知此处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujillo的西班牙语的解说，故选A。34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见第32题。A.theory理论；B.broadcast广播节目；C.criticism批评；D.performance表演；表现。结合上面两题分析以及选项可知，“毅力号”在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所做的解说，故选B。35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujillo自己的故事证明，越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星星的人。A.enterprise公司；B.information信息；C.competence能力；胜任；D.proof证据；证明。此空后that引导同位语从句，解释说明此空名词的内容，根据句意和选项，此处表示她的故事是一种证明，表明了越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近宇宙的人，故选D。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第二部分英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beforediscoveringelectricity,peoplereliedonfireasasourceoflight.Itwasatroublesomebusiness___36___firescanleadtodisaster.Makingfiredependablewassodifficultthatlightsonmovingvehicleswere___37___(hard)everconsidered.Theearlytrains___38___(travel)onlyduringtheday.Thetracksweretoodangerousduringdarknights,andpassengersalsowantedtosee___39___theyweretravelinganyway.Inthelate1830s,railroadtrafficbecamesoheavythatfreighttrains(货运火车)hadtoputoffpassengertrains.___40___(avoid)theseput-offs,railroadsstartedrunningfreighttrainsatnight.HoratioAllen’s1831___41___(invent),the“Trackilluminator(照明器),”wassuddenlyindemand.Itwasapileofspecialwood___42___(burn)inanirongratethatsatinaboxofsandonaplatformcar,whichwaspushedahead___43___thetrain.Theilluminatordidnotcastmuchlight,butitwarnedofanapproachingtrain.In1851,thefirst___44___(electricity)headlampwasdeveloped.Russiaranthefirsttrain___45___wasequippedwithabattery-poweredone.【答案】36.because/as/since/for37.hardly38.travelled39.where40.Toavoid41.invention42.burning43.of44.electric45.that【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火车上的轨道照明器使得火车能够在夜间航行，也能提醒行人有列车通过。36.考查状语从句。句意：这是件麻烦的事，因为火会导致灾难。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”可用because/as/since/for引导。故填because/as/since/for。37.考查副词。句意：要使火变得可靠是如此困难，以至于人们几乎从未考虑过移动车辆上的灯光。修饰后文动词consider应用副词，且结合句意表示“几乎不”应用hardly。故填hardly。38.考查动词时态。句意：早期的火车只在白天行驶。根据语境，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填travelled。39.考查宾语从句。句意：在黑夜里，铁轨太危险了，乘客们也想看看他们到底要去哪里。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导该从句。故填where。40.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免这些延误，铁路开始在夜间运行货运列车。分析句子结构，可知avoid在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Toavoid。41.考查名词。句意：HoratioAllen1831年的发明“轨道照明器”突然间大受欢迎。根据上文名词所有格HoratioAllen’s可知应填名词invention，结合后文was可知应填单数。故填invention。42.考查非谓语动词。句意：那是一堆特殊的木头，在一个铁格栅里燃烧着，铁格栅放在站台车厢的一箱沙子里，被推到火车前面。分析句子结构，可知burn在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语wood构成主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填burning。43.考查介词。句意：那是一堆特殊的木头，在一个铁格栅里燃烧着，铁格栅放在站台车厢的一箱沙子里，被推到火车前面。结合句意表示“推到……前面”短语为pushaheadof。故填of。44.考查形容词。句意：1851年，发明了第一个电动头灯。修饰后文名词headlamp，应用形容词electric，作定语。故填electric。45.考查定语从句。句意：俄罗斯运行了第一列配备电池驱动的列车。此处为定语从句修饰先行词train，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由序数词thefirst修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华，为了激发学生的英语学习兴趣，上周五你班举行了英语诗歌创作大赛。请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.赛前准备（了解诗歌形式等）；2.比赛情况（作品展示，比赛结果等）；3.活动效果。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AnEnglishPoetryWritingCompetition____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】AnEnglishPoetryWritingCompetitionToarouseourinterestinEnglish,anEnglishpoetrywritingcompetitionwasorganizedinourclassrooml