2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解模拟试卷 阅读技巧提升

2025年考研英语（一）阅读理解模拟试卷阅读技巧提升考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______模拟试卷PartAReadingComprehensionDirections:Inthepassagebelow,eachsentenceiseitheranexampleofMODERNTECHNOLOGYORanexampleofANCIENTPRACTICE.IfthesentencedescribesanexampleofMODERNTECHNOLOGY,writeMODERNonthecorrespondingline.IfthesentencedescribesanexampleofANCIENTPRACTICE,writeANCIENTonthecorrespondingline.Youmayuseeachletteronlyonce.ATheEiffelTower,aniconicsymbolofParis,wasconstructedusingrevolutionarysteelconstructiontechniquesforitstime._______BFarmersinancientEgyptusedtheNileRiver'sannualfloodingtoenrichtheirlandnaturally,relyingontheriver'ssiltwithoutartificialirrigationsystems._______CGPSdevicesandsatellitenavigationsystemsprovidereal-timelocationdata,enablingprecisemappingandrouteplanningthatwasimpossibleinancienttimes._______DArchaeologistsoftenusecarbon-14dating,ascientificmethodthatmeasuresthedecayoforganicmaterialstodeterminetheageofancientartifacts._______EThetraditionalJapaneseartofKintsugiinvolvesrepairingbrokenpotterywithlacquerdustedormixedwithpowderedgold,celebratingthehistoryoftheobject._______FModernairconditioningsystemsuserefrigerantsandcompressorstocoolanddehumidifyindoorair,aprocessfarremovedfromancientmethodsofventilation._______GIntheMiddleAges,peopleoftenreliedonoraltraditionsandwrittenrecordslikeilluminatedmanuscriptstopassdownstoriesandhistoricalevents._______HSelf-drivingcarsutilizeadvancedsensors,artificialintelligence,andcomplexalgorithmstonavigateroadswithouthumandrivers._______IAncientMesopotamiancivilizationsdevelopedcuneiformscript,oneoftheearliestknownwritingsystems,bypressingtokensintoclaytablets._______JDuringtheIndustrialRevolution,theinventionofthesteamenginepoweredmachineryandtransportation,fundamentallychanginghumanlaborandmobility._______KTraditionalmethodsofweaving,suchasthoseusedtocreatetartanpatternsinScotland,involvemanuallyinterlacingthreadstoproducefabric._______LModernmedicalimagingtechniqueslikeMRIandCTscansallowdoctorstovisualizeinternalbodystructuresinhighdetail,aidingindiagnosisandtreatment._______MTheuseofsolarpanelstoconvertsunlightdirectlyintoelectricityisacontemporarytechnologythatharnessesrenewableenergysources._______NAncientGreekphilosopherslikeSocratesandAristotleusedlogicalreasoninganddialecticalmethodstoexplorequestionsofethics,politics,andmetaphysics._______OThetraditionalcraftofpotteryinvolvesshapingclayonawheelorbyhand,firingitinakiln,andglazingitbeforeithardens._______PDronesequippedwithcamerasandsensorsareusedforvariouspurposes,includingagriculture,surveillance,anddeliveryservices,leveragingmodernelectronicsandflightcontrols._______PartBReadingComprehensionDirections:Thefollowingpassageisabouttheimpactoftechnologyoncommunication.Readthepassagecarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.Writeyouranswersneatlyontheanswersheet.Theadventoftheinternetanddigitalcommunicationtechnologieshasirrevocablytransformedhowhumansinteract,shareinformation,andbuildrelationships.Unliketheslowandoftenconstrainedmethodsofcommunicationprevalentinancienttimes—suchashandwrittenletterscarriedoverlongdistancesorface-to-faceinteractions—moderndigitalplatformsofferinstantaneousglobalconnectivity.Email,socialmedia,instantmessaging,andvideoconferencinghavebecomeintegraltoolsinbothpersonalandprofessionalrealms,enablingreal-timeexchangesregardlessofgeographicalbarriers.Proponentsarguethatthistechnologicalshifthasfosteredunprecedentedlevelsofaccessibilityandefficiency,allowingforrapiddisseminationofideas,enhancedcollaborationonaglobalscale,andthemaintenanceofsocialtiesacrosscontinents.However,criticscontendthattheveryspeedandreachofdigitalcommunicationmaybeerodingthedepthandqualityofhumanconnection.Theprevalenceoftext-basedcommunicationlackingnon-verbalcuescanleadtomisunderstandings,whilethecuratedandoftenidealizedportrayalsoflivesonsocialmediacanfosterfeelingsofinadequacyandisolation.Furthermore,concernsaboutdataprivacy,thespreadofmisinformation,andthepotentialfordigitaladdictionhighlightthecomplexchallengesaccompanyingtheintegrationoftechnologyintothefabricofdailylife.Associetycontinuestonavigatethisdigitallandscape,findingabalancebetweenleveragingtechnology'sbenefitsandmitigatingitsdrawbacksremainsacrucialendeavor.Q1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonemajoradvantageofmoderndigitalcommunicationcomparedtoancientmethods?Q2.Theword"integral"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:Q3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasapotentialnegativeconsequenceofrelyingheavilyontext-baseddigitalcommunication?Q4.Theauthormentions"curatedandoftenidealizedportrayalsoflivesonsocialmedia"asanexampleof:Q5.Whatistheprimaryconcernraisedbythecriticsregardingdigitalcommunicationmentionedinthepassage?Q6.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatdoesitimplyaboutthefutureofhumancommunication?PartCReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Then,answerthequestionsbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.Writeyouranswersneatlyontheanswersheet.Theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentdecadesasenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletionhavebecomeincreasinglyevidentglobalchallenges.Atitscore,sustainabilityseekstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.Thisholisticapproachrecognizestheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystems.Intherealmofarchitecture,sustainabledesignprinciplesinvolveminimizingabuilding'senvironmentalfootprintthroughtechniquessuchasenergy-efficientheatingandcoolingsystems,theuseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarpanels,andtheincorporationofsustainablematerialsthathavelowenvironmentalimpact.Greenroofsandlivingwalls,whichinvolvegrowingvegetationonrooftopsandbuildingfacades,respectively,notonlyimproveinsulationbutalsohelpmanagestormwaterandenhanceurbanbiodiversity.Furthermore,sustainablearchitectureemphasizestheimportanceofreducingwasteduringconstructionandensuringthelong-termdurabilityandadaptabilityofbuildings.Beyondthephysicalstructures,sustainabilityinarchitecturealsoencompassesthewell-beingoftheoccupants,advocatingfordesignsthatpromotehealth,comfort,andproductivity.Whiletheimplementationofsustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolveshigherinitialcosts,proponentsarguethatthelong-termeconomicbenefits,suchasreducedenergybillsandincreasedpropertyvalue,aswellastheenvironmentalandsocialadvantages,justifytheinvestment.Achievingtruesustainabilityinarchitecturerequiresacollaborativeeffortinvolvingarchitects,engineers,policymakers,andcommunitiestofosterabuiltenvironmentthatisbothresilientandresponsible.Q7.Whatisthecentralideaofthepassage?Q8.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeexamplesofsustainabledesigntechniquesinarchitecture?Q9.Thephrase"holisticapproach"inthesecondparagraphisbestunderstoodas:Q10.Whatisapotentialeconomicbenefitmentionedinthepassageforsustainablebuildings?Q11.Thepassagesuggeststhatachievingsustainabilityinarchitecturerequires:Q12.Whatdoesthepassageimplyabouttherelationshipbetweensustainablebuildingpracticesandinitialcosts?PartDReadingComprehensionDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Then,answerthequestionsbasedonwhatisstatedorimpliedinthepassage.Writeyouranswersneatlyontheanswersheet.Theglobalriseofthegigeconomy,characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentemployment,representsasignificantshiftinthetraditionallabormarketstructure.Drivenbyadvancementsindigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithclientsglobally,thegigeconomyoffersindividualsunprecedentedflexibilityandthepotentialfordiverseincomestreams.骑手Deliveringfoodorpackagesusingbicyclesormotorscooters,writerscreatingcontentonfreelancewebsites,andconsultantsofferingspecializedservicesonaprojectbasisareallexamplesofgigwork.Proponentshighlighttheadaptabilitythismodelofferstobothworkers,whocanchooseprojectsthatfittheirschedulesandinterests,andbusinesses,whichbenefitfromscalablelaborresourceswithouttheoverheadcostsassociatedwithtraditionalemployees.However,thislabormodelisnotwithoutitscritics.Concernsfrequentlyraisedincludethelackofbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans,whichareoftenprovidedbytraditionalemployers.Thetransientnatureofgigworkalsoleadstojobinsecurityandinstability,withworkersfacinguncertaintyaboutfutureincomeandthepotentialforabruptprojectcancellation.Moreover,thecompetitivelandscapecan压低wages,particularlyinfieldswithahighvolumeofgigworkers.Regulatingthegigeconomyremainsacomplexchallengeforpolicymakersworldwide,astheygrapplewithdefiningworkerstatus(employeeorindependentcontractor)andbalancingtheneedsofworkerswiththeoperationalflexibilitydesiredbyplatformcompaniesandbusinesses.Thelong-termsocialandeconomicimplicationsofthisgrowingemploymentsectorarestillbeingwidelydebated.Q13.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofthegigeconomymentionedinthepassage?Q14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageofthegigeconomyforworkers?Q15.Theword"transient"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:Q16.Whataresomebenefitstraditionalemployerstypicallyprovidethatgigworkersoftenlack?Q17.Thepassagesuggeststhatakeychallengeforpolicymakersregardingthegigeconomyis:Q18.Basedontheauthor'sdescription,whatisthecurrentstateofunderstandingregardingthelong-termeffectsofthegigeconomy?---试卷答案AMODERNBANCIENTCMODERNDMODERNEANCIENTFMODERNGANCIENTHMODERNIANCIENTJMODERNKANCIENTLMODERNMMODERNNANCIENTOANCIENTPMODERNQ1.instantaneousglobalconnectivity解析：根据第二段第一句，“Theadventoftheinternetanddigitalcommunicationtechnologieshasirrevocablytransformedhowhumansinteract,shareinformation,andbuildrelationships.Unliketheslowandoftenconstrainedmethodsofcommunicationprevalentinancienttimes—suchashandwrittenletterscarriedoverlongdistancesorface-to-faceinteractions—moderndigitalplatformsofferinstantaneousglobalconnectivity.”可知，与古代缓慢且常常受限的交流方式（如carriedoverlongdistances的信件或face-to-face互动）相比，现代数字平台提供了即时全球连接。Q2.essential解析：根据第二段第二句，“email,socialmedia,instantmessaging,andvideoconferencinghavebecomeintegraltoolsinbothpersonalandprofessionalrealms”可知，电子邮件、社交媒体、即时消息和视频会议已成为个人和专业领域不可或缺的工具。integrated在这里是essential的意思。Q3.misunderstandings解析：根据第三段第一句，“Theprevalenceoftext-basedcommunicationlackingnon-verbalcuescanleadtomisunderstandings”可知，缺乏非语言线索的文字通信可能导致误解。Q4.anexampleofhowdigitalmediacanpresentunrealisticimages解析：根据第三段，“whilethecuratedandoftenidealizedportrayalsoflivesonsocialmediacanfosterfeelingsofinadequacyandisolation”可知，社交媒体上生活的精心策划和通常理想化的描绘会滋生不安全感和社会孤立感。这表明社交媒体上的形象可能是不真实的或理想化的。Q5.jobinsecurityandinstability解析：根据第三段，“Concernsfrequentlyraisedincludethelackofbenefitssuchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans,whichareoftenprovidedbytraditionalemployers.Thetransientnatureofgigworkalsoleadstojobinsecurityandinstability,withworkersfacinguncertaintyaboutfutureincomeandthepotentialforabruptprojectcancellation”可知，批评者经常提出的问题包括缺乏传统雇主通常提供的福利，如健康保险、带薪休假和退休计划。零工工作的临时性也导致工作不安全和不稳定，工人面临着未来收入的不确定性和项目突然取消的潜在可能性。jobinsecurityandinstability是原文提到的两个主要问题。Q6.itwillcontinuetoevolveandintegrateintodailylife解析：根据最后一段，“Associetycontinuestonavigatethisdigitallandscape,findingabalancebetweenleveragingtechnology'sbenefitsandmitigatingitsdrawbacksremainsacrucialendeavor”可知，社会继续在这个数字景观中导航，在利用技术的好处和减轻其弊端之间找到平衡仍然是一项至关重要的任务。这暗示了人类交流将继续发展并融入日常生活，同时需要找到平衡点。Q7.Sustainabilityaimstomeetcurrentneedswithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds,consideringenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystemsinterconnectedly.解析：根据第一段第一句，“Theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractioninrecentdecadesasenvironmentaldegradationandresourcedepletionhavebecomeincreasinglyevidentglobalchallenges.Atitscore,sustainabilityseekstomeettheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds.”可知，可持续性的核心是在满足当代需求的同时，不损害子孙后代满足自身需求的能力。Q8.energy-efficientheatingandcoolingsystems,theuseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarpanels,theincorporationofsustainablematerials,greenroofs,andlivingwalls.解析：根据第二段，“Intherealmofarchitecture,sustainabledesignprinciplesinvolveminimizingabuilding'senvironmentalfootprintthroughtechniquessuchasenergy-efficientheatingandcoolingsystems,theuseofrenewableenergysourceslikesolarpanels,andtheincorporationofsustainablematerialsthathavelowenvironmentalimpact.Greenroofsandlivingwalls,whichinvolvegrowingvegetationonrooftopsandbuildingfacades,respectively,alsohelpmanagestormwaterandenhanceurbanbiodiversity.”可知，这些技术包括节能供暖和制冷系统、使用像太阳能电池板这样的可再生能源、结合可持续材料、绿色屋顶和垂直绿化墙。Q9.acomprehensiveandintegratedapproach解析：根据第二段第二句，“Thisholisticapproachrecognizestheinterconnectednessofenvironmental,social,andeconomicsystems.”可知，这种整体方法认识到环境、社会和经济系统是相互关联的。holisticapproach指的是一种全面且整合的方法。Q10.reducedenergybills解析：根据第二段最后一句，“Whiletheimplementationofsustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolveshigherinitialcosts,proponentsarguethatthelong-termeconomicbenefits,suchasreducedenergybillsandincreasedpropertyvalue,aswellastheenvironmentalandsocialadvantages,justifytheinvestment.”可知，支持者认为，可持续建筑实践的长期经济利益，如reducedenergybills（降低能源账单）和increasedpropertyvalue（提高房产价值），以及环境和社交优势，证明了投资的合理性。Q11.acollaborativeeffortinvolvingarchitects,engineers,policymakers,andcommunities解析：根据最后一句，“Achievingtruesustainabilityinarchitecturerequiresacollaborativeeffortinvolvingarchitects,engineers,policymakers,andcommunitiestofosterabuiltenvironmentthatisbothresilientandresponsible.”可知，实现真正的可持续建筑需要建筑师、工程师、政策制定者和社区的合作努力。Q12.sustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolvehigherinitialcosts,butofferlong-termeconomicbenefits.解析：根据第二段最后一句，“Whiletheimplementationofsustainablebuildingpracticesofteninvolveshigherinitialcosts,proponentsarguethatthelong-termeconomicbenefits,suchasreducedenergybillsandincreasedpropertyvalue,aswellastheenvironmentalandsocialadvantages,justifytheinvestment.”可知，可持续建筑实践的实施通常涉及更高的初始成本，但支持者认为长期的economicbenefits（经济利益）可以证明投资的合理性。这意味着初始成本可能较高，但长期来看是有益的。Q13.short-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentemployment解析：根据第一段第一句，“Theglobalriseofthegigeconomy,characterizedbyshort-termc