2026年高考总复习优化设计一轮复习英语（北师大福建专版）-专题4 非谓语动词

语法专题突破专题四非谓语动词英语2026高中总复习优化设计GAOZHONGZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI内容索引增素能精准突破测效果课堂评价增素能精准突破一、作定语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto

(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.

◆动词不定式2.(全国Ⅱ卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans

(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.

◆动词-ed形式3.(2022·全国乙卷)“Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha

(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.

visitingtoretireshared【用法点拨】

不定式动词不定式作定语与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系:①表示将来的动作;②修饰被序数词、最高级或no/all/any/only等限定的词;③用来修饰的词是抽象名词。Theboyisoftenthefirsttocome.动词-ing形式动词-ing形式与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或表示正在进行的、主动的动作(havingdone/havingbeendone不作定语)。Theboyswimminginthelakeismybrother.动词-ed形式动词-ed形式与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,表示已经完成或被动。Theretiredworkerissweepingthefallenleavesontheroad.二、作状语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(新高考Ⅱ卷)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,

(think)itisfood.

2.(全国甲卷)After

(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!

thinkingspending

3.(2023·全国乙卷)

(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.

4.(全国Ⅱ卷)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile

(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.

Havingvisitedfeeding◆动词不定式5.(新高考Ⅱ卷)Idecidedtodosomething

(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.

6.(浙江卷)Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover

(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.

7.(全国乙卷)Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

8.(2023·全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.

9.(全国Ⅱ卷)Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough

(cool)thehouseduringthehotday.

toeducatetoplanttohavetoteachtocool10.(全国Ⅱ卷)Theyareeasy

(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

11.(全国Ⅰ卷)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive

(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.

12.(全国Ⅰ卷)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong

(see)thebenefit.

13.(全国Ⅱ卷)Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice

(improve)waterquality.

14.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

tocaretoperformtoseetoimprovetoincrease【用法点拨】

不定式①表示目的。Icomeheretosaygood-byetoyou.②表示结果:onlytodo;enoughtodo;so/such...astodo;too...todo。③表示原因等。We'reproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina.动词-ing形式①表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等。Usingyourhead,you'llfindagoodway.②一般式表示与主句同时进行。Theyeatusingthefingersoftheirrighthands.③完成式强调发生在主句谓语动词之前。Havingvisitedthelab,thevisitorswenttothelibrary.动词-ed形式与主句主语之间是动宾关系。Whenaskedherfutureplans,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.【点津】以下是独立成分作状语,其形式不受前后文的影响。considering/giventhat...鉴于/考虑到……generallyspeaking一般来说judgingby/from...依据……来判断supposing/providingthat...假如……owingto...由于……totellthetruth实话实说speakingof...谈及……tobehonest老实说三、作补足语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(全国Ⅲ卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.

◆动词-ed形式2.(全国Ⅱ卷)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

surroundingdecorated◆动词不定式3.(全国Ⅲ卷)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme

(stay)andwatch.

4.(2022·全国甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststep

(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.

tostaytojourney【用法点拨】

不定式有些动词或动词短语后接不定式作宾语补足语,即“动词(短语)+宾语+todo”,如advise,want,allow,permit,persuade,remind,invite,dependon,callon等动词-ing形式动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时,句中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系动词-ed形式动词-ed形式作宾语补足语时,表示被动和完成,宾语补足语与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.IfoundherlisteningtotheradiowhenIpassedby.【点津】find,leave,keep后一般跟动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式作补足语,而不跟动词不定式。Whatyousaidleftmethinking.四、作主语和宾语【真题语境】◆动词-ing形式1.(2023·全国乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears_______(record)everythingIdiscovered.

2.(全国Ⅰ卷)Scientistshaverespondedby

(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.

3.(全国Ⅱ卷)Theyrepresenttheearth

(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

recordingnotingcoming4.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,andsoIamalwaysleft

(want)morenexttime.

5.(全国Ⅰ卷)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof

(die)earlybyrunning.

6.(全国Ⅲ卷)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid

(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.

7.(浙江卷)Istillremember

(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.

8.(2022·全国甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi'antoKashgaronSept.20,

(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.

wantingdyinglookingvisitingplanning◆动词不定式9.(全国甲卷)Itispossible

(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.10.(2022·全国乙卷)

(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

towalkTostrengthen【用法点拨】

非谓语动词作主语作宾语不定式表具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。常用句型:It's+adj.+for/ofsb+todosth1.动词的宾语。只能跟不定式作宾语的动词和动词短语有:beg,offer,wish,hope,decide,refuse,promise,pretend,manage,want,plan,fail,choose,wouldlike等。2.少数介词,如but,except后可跟不定式作宾语,如:Nowhehadgivenhimselfnochoicebuttotellher.非谓语动词作主语作宾语动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作,或抽象性的动作,或表示主语的特征。常用于以下结构中:①Itisnouse/good/fun/nicedoing...;Itis/wasuselessdoingsth;It'sawasteoftimedoingsth②Thereisnodoing...1.动词的宾语。只能跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词和动词短语有:suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practise,risk,keep,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,finish,miss,keepon,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。2.介词的宾语,如:Theyareallinterestedinclimbingmountains.动词-ed形式不能作主语不能作宾语五、作表语【真题语境】1.(全国Ⅲ卷)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel

(challenge).

2.(浙江卷)Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto

(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.

challengedhavebecome【用法点拨】

非谓语动词作表语不定式表具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作。Whoistoblameforit?动词-ing形式表示一般性、习惯性的动作,或抽象性的动作,或表示主语的特征。Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.动词-ed形式说明主语的状态,或表示被动动作。Thecityissurroundedbymountains.测效果课堂评价一、练时鲜◆语法填空1.MorethanamilliontonsofradioactivewateriscurrentlybeingstoredattheFukushimapowerplantinamassivetankfarmbigenough

(fill)500Olympic-sizedswimmingpools.

2.Thestudy

(base)onanApril2021surveyof1,200parentsandteensisthefirstsuchstudyinJapan.

tofill

based

3.NorwegianJeanetteHeggDuestadwasthedarkhorseinthequalification,

(set)anOlympicrecordof632.9points.

4.Theschoolprovidesfreeeducationtogirlswhowouldotherwisehavehadnochance

(study)aftercompletingtheirnineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.

setting

tostudy二、练模拟◆单句语法填空1.(广东联考)Bathingmachinesweremadeavailableforpeopletoget_______(change)in.Itwasbeachetiquette(礼仪)tousethem,particularlyforwomen.

2.(河南郑州质量检测)Itistheplacewherepeoplecango

(ease)stress,forgetabouttroublesandgetabreakfrombusycitylife.

3.(2025·八省1月份联考)Thegoalwastwo-fold:

(celebrate)culturaldiversityaswellastopromotetheequaluseofallsixtongues.

changed

toease

tocelebrate4.(2023·福建宁德重点中学高三一模)Exercising,particularlyoutdoors,driveshugementalhealthbenefits,rangingfromreducingdepressionandanxietyto

(enhance)self-esteem(自尊心).

5.(2023·浙江高三5月联考)Theministrywillmakecontinuousefforts

(increase)theproportionofgreenbuildings,raisebuildingenergyefficiencystandardsandpopularizebuildingswithextra-lowenergyconsumptioninregionswithsuitableclimateconditions.

6.(2023·广西玉林高三三模)

(control)throughsticksandstrings,puppets(木偶)candovariousmovementsvividly.

enhancingtoincreaseControlled7.(河北唐山二模)Thisphenomenonhasbeennamedthe“productioneffect”,whichmeansthatproducing

(write)words—namely,readingthemoutloud—improvesourmemoryofthem.

8.(福建福州质检)While

(realise)hisexpectation,Wangisalsoproudthattheorchestra'sbirthanddevelopmentarealsoaneffortofprotectingtheenvironment.

9.(山东潍坊一模)Scientistssaythe

(rise)whalesightingsarelikelyrelatedtopurerwaterandabrimmingbuffetofAtlanticmenhaden,afishfavouredbyhumpbacks.

10.(江苏南京、盐城二模)Manycouplescarefullychoosefavorabledate

(bring)successtotheirmarriage.

written

realisingrising

tobring三、练语篇◆语篇填空We'veseenaworldwidehealthcrisisbringouttheworstinsomepeople,butfortunately,we'vealsobeenable1.

(see)itbringoutthebestinothers.

AtaxidriverinSpainhasbeenprovidingCOVID-19patientswithfreeridestoandfromthehospitals.Doctorsandnurseswantedtosurprisehimwiththeirthanksfor2.

(help)out.Theytrickedhimdowntothehospitalund