新思路大学英语综合教程第三册（第三版）（数字教材版）课件 unit 8 China and the World

新思路大学英语综合教程第三册Unit8“十二五”普通高等教育本科国家级规划教材ChinaandtheWorldLearningObjectives

Bytheendofthisunit,youwillbeableto:describetherolethatChinaplaysinglobaleconomy;nameatleasttwoexamplesofChina’seconomicgrowth;numerateatleasttwofactsabouttheSilkRoads;explainwhytheSilkRoadsareofhistoricalsignificance;grasptheskillsofinterpretingcohesiveorlinkingdevices.SectionALessHaste,MoreSpeedSectionBBeyondSilkLead-inPart

1Video1:China’seconomyblueprintChina’seconomictransition--anewimpetusPromotiontothesustainabledevelopmentofglobaleconomyChina’sownrapidgrowthChina’sglobalGDPfrom2%-17%inthelast20yearsGrowthininnovationlikeagriculture,servicesandmanufacturingContributiontoothercountriesDevelopingcountriesNewnormal--apositivespillovereffectMorequalityratherthannumberingrowthLoweraddedindustryvaluetoaddedindustryConsumption-leteconomytoservicesleteconomyChina’sdevelopmentblueprintPair-work:HowmuchdoyouaboutWTO?TalkaboutwhatyouknowabouttheWTO;DosomeresearchonlinetofindoutmoreaboutChina’saccessiontotheWTO;Shareyourfindingswiththewholeclass.BackgroundInformationPart

2“AGlobalCommunityofSharedFuture”astheconceptofglobalgovernanceisactivelyexploringthepositiveaspectsofthewayoflifeintheChineseculture.

“Tianxiaingreatharmony”

天下大同“Gentlemanaimsatharmony,notuniformity;meanmanaimsatuniformity,notharmony.”

君子和而不同，小人同而不和。Seekingcommonalitieswhileretainingthedifferences

求同存异Ideaof“AGlobalCommunityofSharedFuture”inTraditionalChineseCultureTestAnalysisPart

3MainIdeaofTextATextAisanewsreportreviewingChina’sachievementssinceitsaccessiontotheWTO.Byusingaseriesofstatisticsandconcreteexamples,thetextmanagedtodemonstratethatChinahasmaderemarkableaccomplishmentsineconomyandplaysanimportantrole

inworldtrade.WordsText

TextStructureParas.1&2IntroductionoftheconnectionbetweenChina’sandglobaleconomy.Para.3Chinahasmade_____________intradeopenness.Paras.4-6WhyChinaoptedfor__________________.Para.7China’sroleas_____________________________.Para.8Achangein_____________intheworldeconomicsystem.theworld’sfactoryandresourcehubthegradualopening-upsteadyprogressChina’spositionPart

4ReadingComprehensionTask1:

ReadingComprehension

Directions:

Answerthefollowingquestions.Whichoftheauthor’sstatementsissupportedbythestatisticsfromParagraph2?SinceitsaccessiontotheWTO,thebreadthanddepthofChina’seconomicintegrationwiththeworldhavegreatlyincreased.(Lines2-3,Para.1)2.WhatexamplesareusedtoillustrateChina’seffortstoopenupitsservicemarket?TherearethreeexamplesusedinParagraph3:a)By2007,amongthe160sub-divisionsunderthe12majorservicesectorsclassifiedbytheWTO,Chinahadfulfilleditscommitmenttoopenup100sub-divisionsinninemajorsectors.b)In2010,China’sserviceindustryattractedmoreforeigndirectinvestmentthanmanufacturingforthefirsttime.c)In2020,theactualuseofforeigncapitalbyChina’sserviceindustryreached776.77billionyuan($121.49billion),accountingfor77.7percentofthetotalamountofforeigninvestmentactuallyabsorbedthatyear.3.Whyisgradualopening-upimportantinprotectingdomesticindustries?Theprocessofgradualopening-upprotectsthebasicandstrategicindustriesfromtheforeigncompetitors.Theseindustriesarecriticaltothenationaleconomy,people’slivelihoodsandeconomicsecurity.

(Lines6-9,Para.6)4.Whatdo“world’sfactoryandresourcehub”mean?Chinaprovidestheglobalmarketnotonlywithindustrialproductsofhighqualityandcompetitiveprice,butalsotherawmaterialsmarkets.(Lines2-6,Para.7)5.WhataretheaimsoftheBeltandRoadInitiative?Itaimstopromoteinternationalproductioncapacitycooperation,byprovidingsupportforregionaleconomicdevelopment,andnewimpetusforglobaleconomicrecovery,andnewmodelsforthecooperationoftheworldeconomy.(Lines6-7,9-11,Para.8)Task2:

TexttoLifeVideo2:ChinaandWTOTask2:

TexttoLife

Directions:

Discusswithapartnerthefollowingquestion.Shareyourthoughtsandcommentswiththeclass.HowhasChina’saccessiontotheWTOinfluencedpeople’slife(e.g.lifestyles,jobopportunities,transportation,etc.)?Part

5DetailedStudyoftheText1.Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversaryofChina’sofficialaccessiontotheWorldTradeOrganization.(Para.1)

IthasbeentwentyyearssinceChinagainedaccessiontotheWorldTradeOrganization.anniversary:n.

Ananniversaryisadatethatisrememberedorcelebratedbecauseaspecialeventhappenedonthatdateinapreviousyear.周年纪念日

e.g.

VietnamiscelebratingtheonehundredthanniversaryofthebirthofHoChiMinh.越南正在庆祝胡志明的百年诞辰。accession:n.1)

[U]theactofbecomingarulerofacountry(国家统治者的)就职，就任;(君主、帝王等的)登基，即位e.g.theaccessionofQueenVictoriatothethrone维多利亚女王即位accession:n.2)

[U]theactofbecomingpartofaninternationalorganization正式加入(国际组织)e.g.theaccessionofnewmemberstatestotheEUin2004新成员国在2004年正式加入欧盟2.Theprocessofgradualopening-upembodiesthewisdomofChina,asalargedevelopingcountry,inproperlyhandlingtherelationshipbetweenopening-up,stability,anddevelopment.(Para.4)

Itisawisemovetoadoptthestrategyofgradualopening-up,whichhelpsChinainmaintainingabalancedrelationshipbetweenopening-up,stability,anddevelopment.embody:v.

Toembodyanideaorqualitymeanstobeasymbolorexpressionofthatideaorquality.体现;具体象征e.g.

JackKennedyembodiedallthehopesofthe1960s.杰克·肯尼迪体现了20世纪60年代的全部希望。stability:n.

thequalityorstateofbeingsteadyandnotchangingorbeingdisturbedinanyway(=thequalityofbeingstable)稳定(性);稳固(性)political/economic/socialstability政治/经济/社会稳定Task4:

Structure—-edParticiple(PastParticiple)By2007,amongthe160sub-divisionsunderthe12majorservicesectorsclassifiedbytheWTO,Chinahadfulfilleditscommitmenttoopenup100sub-divisionsinninemajorsectors.(Para.3)Inthissentence,the-edparticiple“classified”servesasasimplepassiverelativeclause.Wecanuseparticipleclausesafteranouninthesamewayasrelativeclauseswhichgivemoreinformationaboutthenoun.Itisalsoknownas“reducedrelativeclause.”

Directions:

Combineeachgroupofsentencesintoonecontainingasuitablenon-finiteclause.1.

Themenweresoakedwithsweatfromanall-nightmarch.They

immediatelywentintoaction.2.Thehouseswerewreckedbythestorm.Oneofthosebelongedtomygrandfather.Soakedwithsweatfromanall-nightmarch,themenimmediatelywentintoaction.2.Wreckedbythestorm,oneofthosehousesbelongedtomygrandfather.

Directions:

Combineeachgroupofsentencesintoonecontainingasuitablenon-finiteclause.3.Theyareshockedbytheresultsoftheelections.Theynowwanttochallengethevalidityofthevote.3.Shockedbytheresultsoftheelections,theynowwanttochallengethevalidityofthevote.4.FoundedinMarch2011,theorganizationalreadyhasover300,000members.4.TheorganizationwasfoundedinMarch2011.Italreadyhasover300,000members.

Directions:

Combineeachgroupofsentencesintoonecontainingasuitablenon-finiteclause.5.Thefindingssuggestthatself-assessmentpromotesstudents’learningoutcomes.Theyaresupportedbyamassiveamountofevidence.5.Supportedbyamassiveamountofevidence,thefindingssuggestthatself-assessmentpromotesstudents’learningoutcomes.Part

6WordUsing1.import(Para.2):v.Toimportproductsorrawmaterialsmeanstobuythemfromanothercountryforuseinyourowncountry.进口e.g.RichcountriesbenefitedfromimportingIndonesia’stimber.富国从进口印度尼西亚木材中获利。

1.import(Para.2):n.2)

Theimportofsth.isitsimportance.重要性

e.g.Suchargumentsareoflittleimport.这种争论几乎不具重要性。2.export(Para.2):v.

~(sth)(tosb)tosellandsendgoodstoanothercountry出口;输出

e.g.

90%oftheenginesareexportedtoEurope.90%的发动机都出口到欧洲。2.export(Para.2):n.2)

aproductthatissoldtoanothercountry出口产品;输出品e.g.thecountry’smajorexports该国的主要出口产品afallinthevalueofexports出口产品值的下跌3.integration:n.1）theactorprocessofcombiningtwoormorethingssothattheyworktogether(=ofintegratingthem)结合;整合;一体化2）theactorprocessofmixingpeoplewhohavepreviouslybeenseparated,usuallybecauseofcolor,race,religion,etc.(不同肤色、种族、宗教信仰等的人的)混合，融合4.fulfil:v.1）todoorachievewhatwashopedfororexpected实现

2）

todoorhavewhatisrequiredornecessary履行;执行;符合;具备

5.mutual:adj.1.usedtodescribefeelingsthattwoormorepeoplehaveforeachotherequally,oractionsthataffecttwoormorepeopleequally相互的;彼此的

2.[onlybeforenoun]sharedbytwoormorepeople共有的;共同的

6.cooperation:n.thefactofdoingsthtogetherorofworkingtogethertowardsasharedaim合作;协作

7.circumstance:n.[Cusuallypl.]theconditionsandfactsthatareconnectedwithandaffectasituation,aneventoranaction条件;环境;状况

8.obtain:n.togetsth.,especiallybymakinganeffort

(尤指经过努力)获得，赢得

9.recovery:n.1)

Ifasickpersonmakesarecovery,heorshebecomeswellagain.痊愈e.g.Hemadearemarkablerecoveryfromashininjury.他胫骨伤恢复得相当好。9.recovery:n.2)

Whenthereisarecoveryinacountry’seconomy,itimproves.好转;复苏e.g.Interest-ratecutshavefailedtobringabouteconomicrecovery.利率的降低未能带来经济的复苏。Task3:

Collocations

Directions:Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changethewordformwherenecessary.

transforminto

obtain

mutual

embody

expand

recoveryfrom

critical

sufferfrom

fulfil

Manyliveapartforthesakeoftheirchildren’seducationorto____________businessobligations.He__________alargesumofmoneybybuyingandsellinghouses.Consequently,retailershavebeenlookingforwaystoreducetheirlabourbillwhile___________services.Arethegreatprinciplesofpoliticalfreedomandofnaturaljustice,___________inthatDeclarationofIndependence,extendedtous?fulfilobtainedexpandingembeddedMomsaidthatanyone_________ofherdrivingcouldhelpwiththetask.Irememberhavinghunger-cramps,butIdon’tremember____________them.Mymomhas___________mybedroom______

ahospitalward.Ourrelationshipremainsthesame,oneofenjoyment,_______loveandtrust.HeendedupinahospitalinNewYorkCity,wherehehadaslow,difficult_______________severeheadpainassociatedwithhiswarinjuries.criticalsufferingfromtransformedintomutualrecoveryfromPart

7Theme-basedTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

柳枝是柳树的一部分，在汉语中，表达了惜别之意。在北京冬奥会闭幕式上，365名普通人手捧柳枝，汇聚在场地中央，代表一年365天的思念，将“世界大同，天下一家”的主题表现得淋漓尽致。演员与地面上的屏幕影像完美互动，展现虚拟的柳枝，表现出了“苦涩又甜蜜的离别”的情感寄托。——中国日报网2022年2月21日新闻ReferenceThewillowtwigisapartofthewillowtree,andinChinese,itmeansaskingapersontostaywhenbiddingfarewell.柳枝是柳树的一部分，在汉语中，表达了惜别之意。AttheclosingceremonyoftheBeijingOlympics,thethemeof“oneworld,onefamily”continuedtobeevidentthroughtheGamesas365differentindividualsallheldawillowbranchthatrepresented“theunwaveringspiritofrememberingthedepartedthroughthe365daysofayear.”在北京冬奥会闭幕式上，365名普通人手捧柳枝，汇聚在场地中央，代表一年365天的思念，将“世界大同，天下一家”的主题表现得淋漓尽致。ReferenceTheperformersbeautifullyinteractedwithaLEDfloortoshowimageryofthewillow,onethatshowedtheemotionalsymbolismof“abittersweetgoodbye.”演员与地面上的屏幕影像完美互动，展现虚拟的柳枝，表现出了“苦涩又甜蜜的离别”的情感寄托。Part

8CulturalNotesWhatdoyouknowabouttheReformandOpening-upPolicy?theReformandOpening-upPolicy(Para.3)In1978,throughcomprehensivemarketeconomyreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinabecameareceptivesocietyforforeigninvestorsandaplaceprovidingnumerousopportunitiesforlocals.

Butthismodelalsohadsomeproblems.Inordertocountertheseproblems,amarket-basedapproachwasadopted,whichestablishedmarket-basedinstitutionsandsystems.Lead-inPart

1HistoricalfigureswhohavetravelledfromWesttotheEast(orinreverse)MarcoPoloXuanzangThestoryofXuanzangXuanzang(Hsuan-tsang)wasaChineseBuddhistmonkwhoin627ADtraveledoverlandfromChinatoIndiatoobtainBuddhistscriptures.HereturnedtoChinain643AD,bringingwithhimpreciousmanuscriptsthathethentranslatedintoChinese.HisbookGreatTangRecordsontheWesternRegionsisaclassicinChineseliterature,andcontainsalotoffirst-handinformationaboutthelandsandpeoplefoundalongthisstretchoftheSilkRoadinthe7thcenturyAD.BackgroundInformationPart

21.XuanzangandhistravelsAsaBuddhistmonk,scholarandtranslatoroftheseventhcentury,XuanzangtraveledbetweenChinaandSouthAsia,undertakingapilgrimagebelievedtohavelasted17years.IndiaGobiSamarkandBamiyanKashmirNalandaLearn

Sanskrit

2.ThetradeofgoodsandreligionontheSilkRoadVideo

3:ThetradeofgoodsandreligionontheSilkRoadFollowingquestionsWhatkindsofgoodswasexchangedontheSilkRoad?wine；spice；silk；religion(Buddhism,Islam)…TestAnalysisPart

3WordsText

Tick

TureorFalseforthefollowingstatements.TextBdiscussesthehistoryoftheSilkRoadanditsroleinthewidespreadtransmissionofknowledge,ideas,culturesandbeliefs.TheproductionofsilkanditsattractiontopeopleinEurope

providesaspurtothedevelopmentoftradingroutesfromthe

Middle

EasttoEurope.TheSilkRoadisconsideredtofacilitatethespreadofreligionsincludingBuddhism,Catholicism,Judaism.Anetworkofcaravanseraisthroughmerchantsandtravelerswereabletoengageinshort-termcommercialexchange.TrueFalseTextStructurePara.1Thevasttradenetworksbroughtaboutthewidespreadtransmissionof_________,______,________and_________.Paras.2&3Theproductionof______andits__________topeopleinEurope.Para.4Backgroundknowledgeaboutmaritimeroutes.Paras.5&6

Facilitation

ofspreadof____________.Paras.7&8Anetworkof_____________.caravanseraissilkattractionknowledgeideasculturesbeliefsreligionPart

4DetailedStudyoftheTextAnincreasingnumberofpeoplefromdifferentregionstravelledalongthesilkroadswhichgaverisetothetransmissionofknowledge,ideas,culturesandbeliefsexertinggreatinfluenceoverthehistoryandcivilizationsoftheEurasianpeoples.1.Infact,theconstantmovementandmixingofpopulationsbroughtaboutthewidespreadtransmissionofknowledge,ideas,culturesandbeliefs,whichhadaprofoundimpactonthehistoryandcivilizationsoftheEurasianpeoples.(Para.1)transmission:n.theactorprocessofpassingsth.fromoneperson,placeorthingtoanother传送;传递;传达;传播;传染e.g.

the______________ofthedisease这种疾病的传播

theriskof_____________传染的危险transmissiontransmissiontransmission:n.2)

theactorprocessofsendingoutanelectronicsignalormessageorofbroadcastingaradioortelevisionprogram(电子信号、信息或广播、电视节目的)播送;发射;发送;传输e.g.

thetransmissionofcomputerdataalongtelephonelines计算机数据沿电话线的传输abreakintransmission(=ofaradioortelevisionbroadcast)duetoatechnicalfault技术故障造成的播送中断impact:n.

~(ofsth.)(onsb./sth.)thepowerfuleffectthatsth.hasonsb./sth.巨大影响;强大作用e.g.

Herspeechmadeaprofoundimpactoneveryone.她的讲话对每个人都有深远的影响。

Businessesarebeginningtofeelthefullimpactoftherecession.工商企业开始感受到了经济衰退的全面冲击。2.exclusive(Para.2):adj.

onlytobeusedbyoneparticularpersonorgroup;onlygiventooneparticularpersonorgroup(个人或集体)专用的，专有的;独有的，独占的

e.g.Thehotelhasexclusiveaccesstothebeach.这家旅馆有通向海滩的专用通道。exclusiverightstotelevisetheWorldCup世界杯赛的______________

独家电视播放权2.exclusive(Para.2):adj.3)

ofhighqualityandexpensiveandthereforenotoftenboughtorusedbymostpeople高档的;豪华的;高级的e.g.

anexclusivehotel高级旅馆

exclusivedesignerclothes高档名牌服装

3.luxury(Para.3):n.

theenjoymentofspecialandexpensivethings,particularlyfoodanddrink,clothesandsurroundings奢侈的享受;奢华2)

athingthatisexpensiveandenjoyablebutnotessential奢侈品

e.g.Ilovehavingalong,hotbath—it’soneoflife’slittleluxuries.我喜欢在热水浴缸里多泡一会儿——这是生活里一种小小的享受。

Itwasaluxuryifyouhadawashingmachineinthosedays.那时候有洗衣机就算是奢侈了。

4.regulation(Para.3):n.

e.g.TheEuropeanUnionhasproposednewregulationstocontrolthehoursworkedbyitsemployees.欧盟已经提出了新的法规来控制其雇员的工作时间。

1）

Regulationsarerulesmadebyagovernmentorotherauthorityinordertocontrolthewaysth.isdoneorthewaypeoplebehave.法规;条例4.regulation(Para.3):n.2)

Regulationisthecontrollingofanactivityorprocess,usuallybymeansofrules.管理e.g.Someinthemarketnowwantgovernmentregulationinordertoreducecosts.市场上现在有人想要政府来管理以降低成本。

5.fundamental(Para.6):adj.

Youusefundamentaltodescribethings,activities,andprinciplesthatareveryimportantoressential.Theyaffectthebasicnatureofotherthingsorarethemostimportantelementuponwhichotherthingsdepend.基本的

e.g.Ourconstitutionembodiesallthefundamentalprinciplesofdemocracy.我们的宪法体现了民主的所有基本原则。Afundamentalhumanrightisbeingwithheldfromthesepeople.这些人的一项基本人权正被剥夺。

6.absorb(Para.6):v.

e.g.Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairandmoisturefromthesoil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳，从泥土中吸收水分。

Ifsth.absorbsaliquid,gas,orothersubstance,itsoaksituportakesitin.吸收(液体、气体等)6.absorb(Para.6):v.e.g.Ahouseholdradiatorabsorbsenergyintheformofelectriccurrentandreleasesitintheformofheat.家用暖气以电流的形式吸收能量，然后以热量的形式将其释放出去。

2)

Ifsth.absorbslight,heat,oranotherformofenergy,ittakesitin.吸取(光、热等能量)7.encounter(Para.6):v.1)

toexperiencesth.,especiallysth.unpleasantordifficult,whileyouaretryingtodosth.else遭遇，遇到(尤指令人不快或困难的事)

e.g.Weencounteredanumberofdifficultiesinthefirstweek.我们在第一周遇到了一些困难。Ihadneverencounteredsuchresistancebefore.我以前从未遇到过这么大的阻力。

8.necessity(Para.7):n.~(forsth.)/~(ofsth./ofdoingsth.)/~(todosth.)thefactthatsth.musthappenorbedone;theneedforsth.必然;必要;需要athingthatyoumusthaveandcannotmanagewithout必需的事物;必需品

e.g.Werecognizethenecessityforawrittenagreement.我们认为有必要签订一份书面协议。

Wewerediscussingthenecessityofemployingmorestaff.我们在讨论是否需要雇用更多员工。

9.construction(Para.7):n.Constructionisthebuildingofthingssuchashouses,factories,roads,andbridges.建造

e.g.He’dalreadystartedconstructiononahuntinglodge.他已经开始建造一个狩猎用的小屋。

...thedownturnintheconstructionindustry.......

_________的衰退。

建造业10.legacy(Para.8):n.1)

moneyorpropertythatisgiventoyoubysb.whentheydie遗产;遗赠财物e.g.Theyeachreceivedalegacyof$5,000.他们每人得到了5000元的遗产。

11.reflect(Para.8):v.1)Ifsomethingreflectsanattitudeorsituation,itshowsthattheattitudeorsituationexistsoritshowswhatitislike.反映;表现;显示

e.g.AnewspaperreportseemstoreflecttheviewofmostmembersofCongress.报纸的一篇报道似乎反映了国会多数议员的观点。

11.reflect(Para.8):v.2)

Whenlight,heat,orotherraysreflectoffasurfaceorwhenasurfacereflectsthem,theyaresentbackfromthesurfaceanddonotpassthroughit.反射

e.g.Thesunreflectedoffthesnow-coveredmountains.阳光从被雪覆盖的山峦反射回来。Part

5CulturalNotesBuddhismanditsspreadalongtheSilkRoad(Para.6)TheSilkRoadwasavitalroutenotjustforphysicalgoodsbutideasaswell,andithadasignificantimpactonthespreadofBuddhismthroughCentralAsia.ThecradleofBuddhismistobefoundinIronAgeIndia.Aroundthemiddleofthe1stmillenniumBC,thisregionwentthroughasocio-culturalchangeknownasthesecondurbanisation;aneramarkedbyintellectualferment,thecompositionoftheUpanishadsandtheemergenceofSramanictraditions.Outofthis,Buddhismformedbetweenthe6thand4thcenturiesBC.ThespreadofBuddhismwasslowuntilthetimeofEmperorAshokatheGreat,whorulesmostoftheIndiansubcontinentfromcirca268BCto232BC.HesupportedthespreadofBuddhism,asdidhisdescendants,andmightyeffortswereputintotheconstructionofreligiousmemorialsandthespreadofBuddhismthroughoutCentralAsiaandsouthintoSriLanka.TheCentralAsiaeffortiswhateventuallybroughtBuddhismtoChina,whiletheSriLankanmissionhelpedspreadthereligiontothecoastallandsofSoutheastAsia.Caravansaries(Para.7)Variouslydescribedas“guesthouses,”“roadsideinns,”and“hostels,”caravansarieswerebuildingsdesignedtoprovideovernighthousingtotravelers.Merchantsandtheircaravanswerethemostfrequentvisitors.Infurnishing,saferespiteforguestsfromnearandfar,caravansariesalsobecamecentersfortheexchangeofgoodsandculture.AstrafficalongtheSilkRoadincreased,sodidtheconstructionofcaravansaries.

Theywereneededassafehavens—notjustfromextremeclimatesandweather,butalsofrombanditswhotargetedcaravansloadedwithsilks,spices,andotherexpensivegoods.Infact,caravansarieswerebuiltatregularintervalssothatmerchantswouldnothavetospendthenightexposedtothedangersoftheroad.Part

6ExercisesReading

Skills—Identifying

the

TopicSentenceThecohesivedevices,alsoknownaslinkingwords,arewordsorphrasesusedtoconnectideasbetweendifferentpartsoftext.Cohesivedevicesensurethatthetexthasaflowandisreadable.Therearethreemaintypesofcohesivedevices:1.Pronounsthatreferbacktoapreviouslymentionednoun.Example:Jimwentouttotheplayground.Heplayedontheswings.2.Substitutionofasynonymforapreviouslymentionednoun.Example:Therewasalotoffood,butsheonlyatethebread.3.Transitionwordsandinter-clausalconnectorssuchassoorbecause.Example:Jimplayedontheswings.Later,Jimplayedball.Example:Marywaslate,soshetookthebus.Marywaslate,becauseshetookthebus.Reading

Skills—Identifying

the

TopicSentenceCohesivedevicesaffectcomprehensionbecausetheyhelpreadersintegrateinformationbetweensentencesinatext.Thepronoun,synonym,ortransitionwordistiedtoapreviousword,phraseorclause(theantecedent).

Reading

Skills—Identifying

the

TopicSentenceHereareisalistofwordsandphrasesusedascohesivedevices:1.Tolistpoints:Firstly,...Inthefirstplace,...Tostartwith,...Secondly,...Thirdly,...Finally,...2.Toaddmorepointsonatopic:Whatismore,...Apartfromthis/that/...Inadditiontothis,...Moreover,...Besides,...3.Toexpresseffect/phrasesforaresult:Therefore,...Thus,...Consequently,...Asaconsequence,...Asaresult,...Eventually,...4.Tomakecontrastingpoints:Nevertheless,...Inspiteofthefactthat...While...,...Evenif...,...Eventhough...,...Although...,....

Reading

Skills—Identifying

the

TopicSentenceWhatcohesiveorlinkingdevisesareusedinTextB?Identifythemandtalkabouttheeffecttheyachieved.

Task1:

CriticalThinking

Directions:

Workingroupsanddiscussthetheme-basedquestionstodevelopyourcriticalthinking.Whatarethepotentialinfluencesof“Chinathreattheory”?WhatattitudetowardsthetheoryshouldChinaanditspeopletake?“Chinathreattheory”hasdualeffectofcontainmentandstimulationInordertocurbandinterferewithChina’sdevelopment,theWesterncountrieshypethenewroundof“Chinathreattheory.”However,theresultiscounterproductive.The“Chinathreattheory”exaggeratedbytheWesterncountriesfordecadesproducedadualeffectofcontainmentandstimulation.Ontheonehand,the“Chinathreattheory”damagedtheimageofChinaanddeterredthedevelopmentpaceofChina.ItdeterioratedthesurroundingenvironmentofChinatosomeextentandmadeChinamustfaceamorecomplexinternationalenvironmentandwithstandmoreexternalpressure.Ontheotherhand,asanimposedpower,the“Chinathreattheory”strengthenedChina’ssenseofcrisisandstimulatedtheriseanddevelopmentofChina.Accordingtothe“challenge-response”theoryofBritishhistorianArnoldJ.Toynbee,theorganismwillinstinctivelyproduceaseriesofeffectiveresponsesinthefaceofchallengesandultimatelypromoteitsdevelopment.2.Takeacalmandinitiativeattitudeinresponseto“Chinathreattheory”Facingthe“Chinathreattheory,”wehavetobecalmandinitiative,butalsotakethefollowingeffectivemethods.Firstly,haveacalmstateofmindcompatiblewithotherdominantcountries.Secondly,continuetopromoteandintensifyinternationalcooperation.Thirdly,activelybuildafavorablenationalimage.Fourthly,unswervinglyfollowtheroadofpeacefuldevelopment.Therefore,thefundamentalwaytooffsetthenegativeeffectsof“Chinathreattheory”istovigorouslydevelopChina’snationalstrength.Besides,weshouldconcentrateonourownbusinesssoastorideoutthecurrentcriticalperiodofdevelopment.Bythen,the“Chinathreattheory”asaspecialhistoricalsymbolinChina’sdevelopmentprocesswillnaturallyfade.Task2:

UnitProject—PrepareaPresentation(ScantheQRCodeforExampleSlides)

Directions:

PleasefollowthestepsbelowandprepareapresentationaboutIbnBattuta,thegreattravelerofthe14thcentury.Bulletpointsforasamplepresentat