高三英语阅读理解(时文广告)各地方试卷集合汇编及解析

高三英语阅读理解(时文广告)各地方试卷集合汇编及解析(1)一、高中英语阅读理解时文广告类1．阅读理解

VariousculturalactivitiesalwaystakeplaceoncampusinspringyMarch.Thisyear,theOfficeofStudentAffairsisgoingtoorganizetheSouthandSoutheastAsianCulturalFestivaltopresentculturesofthesetworegionsacrosstheboard---theopeningceremony,foodandculturalbooths,talksandworkshops,andmanyothers.Don'tbespoiltforchoice!

LocalSouthandSoutheastAsianMarket

TheCulturalSquarewillbetransformedintoalocalmarketwherediverseSouthandSoutheastAsianculturesmeet.Visitorscantastelocalfood,meetthelocalsandexperiencesomelocalwaysoflife,soremembertodropintothiswonderfulmarketplace!

Date:6&7March2019（Wednesday&Thursday）

Time:12:00-14:30

Venue:CulturalSquare,MainCampus

TofuMakingWorkshop

Softorfirm,saltyorsweet,steamedorfried,tofuiswell-knownforitsnicetasteandgoodnutrition.ItplaysanimportantroleinEastAsianandSoutheastAsianfoodculture,sowemaywellhaveeatenit,butdoyouknowhowitismade?Herecomesachanceforyoutotryyourhandatmakingthiswidelyenjoyedfood!

Date:10March2019(Sunday)

Time:15:00-16:30

VenueRoom201B,2/FWSCentre

Fee:$100

AnIntroductiontoDandiyaRaas

DandiyaRass,atraditionalfolkdanceofIndia,isassociatedwithscenesofHoli,whichisafamousspringfestivalknownasthefestivalofcolors.Atthisworkshop,ourIndianstudentswillintroducethedancetotheparticipantsbydancingtogetherandfeelthesouloftheiruniquemusicculture.

Date:13March2019(Wednesday)

Time:18:30-20:30

Venue:Room502,WFYBuilding

Quota:20(Firstcome,firstserved)

ThaiLoyKrathongFestival

LoyKrathong,orWaterLanternFestival,isawidelycelebratedoccasioninThailandwherepeopleprayforgoodthingsfortheyearahead.Inthisworkshop,participantscantrytheirhandatmakingtheirownkrathongundertheguidanceofThaistudents!

Date:14March2019(Thursday)

Time:18:30-20:30

Venue:L-LOUNGE,3/FYIA

Quota:20(Firstcome,firstserved)（1）Theseactivitiesaboveareaimedto___________.A.introduceseveraltraditionalfestivalsB.prayforgoodthingsforthecomingyearC.spreadculturesofsomeAsiancountriesD.promoteexchangesofsomelocaldances（2）Ifyouarefreeafter3pmonWednesday,youcangoto___________.A.TofuMakingWorkshopB.ThaiLoyKrathongFestivalC.AnIntroductiontoDandiyaRaasD.LocalSouthandSoutheastAsianMarket（3）Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Alltheculturalactivitiesareaccessiblefreeofcharge.B.Alltheactivitiesdon'tlimitthenumberofparticipants.C.LoyKrathongisheldtoexpressthankstotheancestors.D.DandiyaRaasislinkedwithscenesofthewell-knownfestivalHoli.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个校园文化节。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Thisyear,theOfficeofStudentAffairsisgoingtoorganizetheSouthandSoutheastAsianCulturalFestivaltopresentculturesofthesetworegionsacrosstheboard”可知这四个校园文化节的目的是为了展现南亚和东南亚文化，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据

AnIntroductiontoDandiyaRaas部分中的“Date:13March2019(Wednesday)Time:18:30-20:30”可知AnIntroductiontoDandiyaRaas是在周三下午3点以后举行，故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据

AnIntroductiontoDandiyaRaas部分中的“DandiyaRass,atraditionalfolkdanceofIndia,isassociatedwithscenesofHoli,whichisafamousspringfestivalknownasthefestivalofcolors.”可知DandiyaRass与Holi场景相关，所以选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解AmazingKids!WildJungleWritingContest2020

AmazingKids'MagazineisproudtoannouncethatwewillbehostingaWildJungleWritingContestthisfall!Sendusyourbestjungle-themedstoriesusingthisstarter:"Ihadnoideawhytheywerestandingthere.

ThiscontestisopentogradesK-12,withthreegroupsofK-3,4-8,and9-12.ThreewinnersfromeachagegroupwillbechosentowinAmazingKids'prizes,alongwithanofficialcertificateverifying(证实)theirwinningentry.Allparticipantswillreceiveacertificateofparticipationinthecontest.

SubmitallentriesbySeptember30tobeconsidered!Emaileditor@formorequestionsaboutrulesandspecifications.FrequentlyAskedQuestionsQ:HowshouldIformatmyentry?A:StoriesshouldbewritteninEnglish,withsubmissionsoflessthan1,200words.PleasesubmityourentryasaMicrosoftWorddocument.Q:HowdoIsubmitmyentry?A:E-mailyoursubmissiontoeditor@.Eache-mailsubmissionwillreceiveareturnmessageverifyingthattheessaywasreceived.Q:Istherejustoneprize?A:No.Nineseparateprizeswillbegivenout,withacashvalueof$20forfirstplace,$15forsecondplace,and$10forthirdplaceineachagegroup.Certificatesofparticipationwillalsobeawardedtoeachparticipantinthecontest.（1）Whichofthefollowingstoriessuitsthecontestmost?A.Acouplelosttheirwayinthejungle.B.Ateenagercaughtathiefinacave.C.Apupilmetabearwhilesearchingtheforest.D.Asoldiersavedadrowningboy.（2）Achampionwillreceive.A.acashvalueof$15B.athank-youletterC.onlyacertificateD.aprizeandacertificate（3）Whattypeofwritingisthepassage?A.News.B.Summary.C.Announcement.D.Guide.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项写作比赛“WildJungleWritingContest2020”的征文启事，主要说明了比赛规则以及奖项设置等信息。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Sendusyourbestjungle-themedstories…”把你最好的丛林主题故事发给我们，分析选项可知一个小学生在森林里搜寻时遇到了一只熊的故事最适合这个比赛。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Nineseparateprizeswillbegivenout,withacashvalueof$20forfirstplace,$15forsecondplace,and$10forthirdplaceineachagegroup.Certificatesofparticipationwillalsobeawardedtoeachparticipantinthecontest.”将分别颁发9个奖项，每个年龄组的第一名奖金为20美元，第二名奖金为15美元，第三名奖金为10美元。每名参赛者亦会获发参赛证书。可知冠军将获得奖品和证书。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据文章主要内容可知这是一项写作比赛“WildJungleWritingContest2020”的征文启事，主要说明了比赛规则以及奖项设置等信息。可知这是一篇公告。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇征文启事，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850Dictionary

Thishandytranslatorprovidesyouwith5,000,000totaltranslationtoandfromSpanishandEnglish!Thisdictionaryisspeciallydesignedforalllevelsoflanguageabilityfrombeginnerstoadvancedlearners.

BrandV7Dictionary/Translator

ThisspecialmodelfeaturesthelargestandmostcompleteRussian-Englishdictionary.AdvancedEnglishspeech,accentcorrectionfunctionandspecializedtermsdatabasewillhelpyoubettercommunicate.Businessorganizerswillallowyoutostayintouchwiththeworldthroughallkindsofadvancedfeatures.

SeikoWP1500RogetsIIIThesaurusDictionary

Itisthenearestwordfinder.Itisalsogreatforcrosswordpuzzles.Itwillshowyouthetime,dayanddateoflocaltimezoneandthesameforover100citiesthroughouttheworldbysimplyenteringthefirstletterofthenameofthecity.

TheLingoTraveler18

Itisaninternationaltranslatorcontainingover96,000wordsand8,000usefulphrases.Equippedwithapowerfuldatabank,theLingoTraveler18allowsyoutostoreallofyourappointments,telephonenumbers,andaddresses.（1）WhichdictionarycanhelptoimproveyourSpanish?A.

SeikoWP1500RogetsIIIThesaurusDictionary

B.

TheLingoTraveler18C.

NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850Dictionary

D.

BrandV7Dictionary/Translator（2）WhichofthefollowingisthemostcompleteRussian-Englishdictionary?A.

TheLingoTraveler18B.

BrandV7Dictionary/TranslatorC.

SeikoWP1500RogetsIIIThesaurusDictionaryD.

NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850Dictionary（3）WhatsetstheLingoTraveler18apartfromotherdictionaries?A.

Itprovidesreaderswith96,000phrasesand8,000words.B.

Itshowsthetime,dayanddateoflocaltimezoneover100cities.C.

Itoffersadvancedfeaturesforyoutostayintouchwiththeworld.D.

Itcanstoreyourappointments,telephonenumbersandaddresses.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，推荐了一些电子词典，并介绍了每款电子词典的优点。（1）考查推理判断。根据NormanMerriamWebsterBES—1850Dictionary部分中的“Thishandytranslatorprovidesyouwith5,000,000totaltranslationtoandfromSpanishandEnglish!”可知NormanMerriamWebsterBES—185Dictionary提供了西班牙语和英语互译的五百万条翻译，故推测该词典可以帮助学好西班牙语。选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据BrandV7Dictionary/Translator部分中的“ThisspecialmodelfeaturesthelargestandmostcompleteRussian-Englishdictionary.”可知BrandV7Dictionary/Translator是最大和最完整的俄英词典。故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据前面三部分的内容和TheLingoTraveler18部分中的“theLingoTraveler18allowsyoutostoreallofyourappointments,telephonenumbers,andaddresses.”可知，只有LingoTraveler有存储预约，电话号码和地址的功能。这是它与其它三种电子词典的不同之处。D.Itcanstoreyourappointments,telephonenumbersandaddresses.“它能够储存预约，电话号码和地址”符合以上说法，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Wehavemanytripsforyoutoexploretheworldyourway.Ourtravelideasareasdiverseastheworlditselfandaredesignedtoletyouexperienceit.Pleasestartwiththefollowingfourtrips.AthensandCreteExplorer

VisitGreek'sfamouscapital,Athens,anditslargestisland,Crete,onthisGreecevacation.InAthens,tourtheiconicAcropolisandheadtonearbyDelphitoseethehomeoftheancientOracle,beforeflyingtotheislandofCretewhereyoucanexploreitscapital,Heraklion,andenjoyitsworld-famousdietofseafoodandcheese.Duration:8Days

PricesFrom:US$892TripType:Romance&Honeymoon,Tailor-madeTravelIdeasLondonforFamilies

Designedtothrillpeopleofallages,thisfamilyLondonvacationexploresthesights,historyandmagicofthisgreatcity.VisittheworldofHarryPotter,theoriginalMadameTussaud'sWaxMuseum,andtaketheOriginalLondonSightseeingTour.Duration:9Days

PricesFrom:US$634

TripType:FamilyVacations,Stopovers/CityBreaks,Tailor-madeTravelIdeasAustralia&NewZealand

ExplorethetwomostpopularcitiesofAustraliaandNewZealandonthisair-landtour.StartinSydney,whereyou'lltourtheSydneyOperaHouse,sailacrossthefamousharbour,andseekoalasandkangaroosatTarongaZoo.ThenheadontoAucklandwhereyou'llexplorethetwinharbours,learnaboutMaoritraditions,andenjoyunbeatableviewsofthelandscape.Duration:11Days

PricesFrom:US$1,999

TripType:VacationPackageswithAirfareClassicEgypt

ThistourisatrueclassicdesignedtogivethetravelerwithlimitedtimeasuperbintroductiontothecivilizationofAncientEgypt,focusingontheNileanditsimportancetothepeople.TheancientlandofEgyptinspirestheimaginationlikenoother.UnlockthelandofthePharaohsonthis9dayjourneyalongtheNile.Duration:9Days

PricesFrom:US$1,495

TripType:Classics(Bestsellers),Tailor-madeTravelIdeas（1）Whichtripismorelikelytakenbyanewly-marriedcouple?A.

LondonforFamilies.

B.

Australia&NewZealand.C.

ClassicEgypt.

D.

AthensandCreteExplorer.（2）IfyouareonthetriptoLondonforFamilies,youwillsee________.A.theancientOracleB.theworldofHarryPotterC.koalasandkangaroosD.theancientlandofEgypt（3）Fromthetext,itcanbelearntthatallthefourtrips________.A.havethesametriptypeB.takemorethanoneweekC.takemorethanUS$1000D.enjoytheirfamousdiet（4）Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Asciencefiction.C.Astorybook.D.Atextbook.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个旅游行程。（1）考查推理判断。根据AthensandCreteExplorer部分中的”TripType:Romance&Honeymoon,Tailor-madeTravelIdeas“旅行类型：浪漫蜜月，量身定做的旅行创意，可推知，新婚夫妇极可能会选择AthensandCreteExplorer”雅典和克里特岛探险家“。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据LondonforFamilies部分中的”VisittheworldofHarryPotter“参观哈利波特的世界，可知，如果参加伦敦的家庭之旅，你会看到哈利波特的世界。故选B。（3）考查细节理解题。根据四个旅游行程中Duration（持续时间）的介绍信息“Duration:8Days

，Duration:9Days，Duration:11Days”可知，这四个旅游行程都超过了一周。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”Wehavemanytripsforyoutoexploretheworldyourway.Ourtravelideasareasdiverseastheworlditselfandaredesignedtoletyouexperienceit.Pleasestartwiththefollowingfourtrips.“我们有很多旅行供您以您的方式探索世界。我们的旅游理念和世界本身一样多样化，旨在让您体验它。请从以下四次旅行开始。可推知，这篇文章可能来自于旅游手册。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

TheLargestWorldFairsofAllTime

NewYorkWorldFair—NewYork,1939

The1939NewYorkWorldFairwasthelargestexposition(博览会)inUShistorywithvisitorsover14million.TheFairwasplannedduringtheGreatDepressionandwasaimedatrelievingthecityfromeconomicdepressionbyattractingforeigninvestment.Majorinventionstoemerge(出现)attheNewYorkWorldFairincludednylonfabric,astreamlinedpencilsharpener,andafuturisticcarcityimaginedbyGeneralMoiors.

Expositionliniverselle—Paris,1900

TheExpositionUniversellewasoneoftheearliestexpositionstofeaturemultiplecountrieswithFranceinvitingvariouscountriestodisplaytheirtechnologicaladvancementsandculturalheritage.ExpositionUniversellewasthebirthplaceofmanyinventionsthatweenjoytodayincludingescalators(自动扶梯)andtalkingfilms.

Expo'70—Osaka,Japan

Expo'70wasthebiggestexpositionofthe20thcenturyandthesecondlargestinhistory.Expo70hadarecordattendanceofover64millionvisitors,a40-yearrecordthatwouldnotbebrokenuntilExpo2010inShanghai.NotableexhibitionsincludedalargepieceofmoonrockthatwasbroughtbackfromtheApollo12mission.

Expo2010—Shanghai.China

Expo2010goesdownasthelargestfairinhistory,havingattracted73millionpeople.Italsohadthehighestinternationalparticipationofanyexpositionintheworldwith246countriesparticipating.TheopeningceremonyfeaturedthebiggestLEDscreenintheworldaswellasoneofthebiggestfireworksdisplaysinhistory.（1）WhichExpoisthebiggestoneinhistory?A.

Expo70—Osaka.Japan.

B.

ExpositionUniverselle—ParisC.

Expo2010—Shanghai,China.

D.

NewYorkWorldFair—NewYork（2）WhatisthepurposeofNewYorkWorldFair?A.

Toattractmoreinventions.

B.

Toimprovethenation'seconomy.C.

Todisplaythetechnologicaldevelopment.

D.

Toshareachievementswithothercountries.（3）WhatdidExpo70inJapanfeature?A.

Apieceofrockfromspace.

B.

ArocketintheApollo12mission.C.

Theculturalheritagefromcountries.

D.

ThebiggestLEDscreenintheworld.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个有史以来最大的世界博览会。（1）考查细节理解。根据Expo2010—Shanghai.China部分中的“Expo2010goesdownasthelargestfairinhistory”可知，2010年上海世博会是历史上规模最大的一届世博会，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据NewYorkWorldFair—NewYork,1939部分中的“aimedatrelievingthecityfromeconomicdepressionbyattractingforeigninvestment.”可知，纽约世博会的目的是通过吸引外资来缓解国内经济萧条，也就是改善国家经济，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据Expo'70—Osaka,Japan部分中的“NotableexhibitionsincludedalargepieceofmoonrockthatwasbroughtbackfromtheApollo12mission.”可知，第70届日本世博会的特色是展出了阿波罗12号带回来的一大块月球岩石，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Tomorrowbringstoacloseofthesecondschooltermofthe2018academicyearandthestartofthewinterschoolholidays.Followingabusyexaminationperiod,thisisamuchneededbreakformanystudentsacrosstheprovince.

Wednesday,January6:IceSkating

Welcometotheworldoficeforourfirstcold-weathereventoftheseason!Whetheryouareaprofessionaliceskaterorthiswillbeyourfirsttimeontheice,youareguaranteedtohaveafantastictime!

Wednesday,January13:CollegePreparedness2.0

Althoughmostofthestressofapplyingforcollegethisyearisoutoftheway,thisCollegePreparednessworkshopwillhelpyoutakeotherthingsintoconsideration.Applicationdeadlinesforfinancialaidaredrawingnearandwearebringingintheexpertstohelpyouthroughallofthespecificdetails.Thisworkshopwillhelptobestprepareyouforscholarships,workstudy,andstudentloansthatwillmakepayingforcollegeeasyasA-B-C,Do-Re-Mi,and1-2-3.

Wednesday,January27:EcologicalRiskAssessmentofYourLife/Home

Therearesomanywarningsoutthereaboutwhatyoushouldandshouldnotputinyourbodyanduseinyourhome.Thisworkshophelpsmakesenseofitall.Cometofigureouthowtoliveyourhealthiestpossiblelifewithoutspendingatonofmoney.

Wednesday,February3:WinterSurvivalinAnySituation

Livingintheoutdoorswithminimalequipmentisaskillandanart.Itisparticularlychallengingwhentheoutsidetemperaturesreachwinterlows.Thewintersurvivalworkshopwillshowyousomeoldtricksofthetradeforsurvivingoutsideincoldtemperaturesandhowtomakeprimitivefires.

Wednesday,February10:BestFriendEver

Highschoolistemporary,butthefriendshipsyoumakecanbeforever.Howdoyoumakearelationshiplast?Learnhowtobethebestfriendyoucanbeinthisinteractiveworkshop.（1）Asawintersportslover,youmaychooseanevent

.A.

onWednesday,February10

B.

onWednesday,February3C.

onWednesday,January13

D.

onWednesday,January6（2）WhatisthefocusoftheeventonJanuary27?A.

Health.

B.

Education.

C.

Friendship.

D.

Entertainment.（3）Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?A.

Teachers.

B.

Athletes.

C.

Students.

D.

Tourists.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，作者为即将放寒假的学生介绍了一些有意义的假期活动。（1）考查细节理解。根据Wednesday,January6:IceSkating部分中的“Whetheryouareaprofessionaliceskaterorthiswillbeyourfirsttimeontheice,youareguaranteedtohaveafantastictime!”可知作为冬季运动爱好者，你可以选择1月6日(星期三)的一个项目。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据Wednesday,January27:EcologicalRiskAssessmentofYourLife/Home部分中的“Cometofigureouthowtoliveyourhealthiestpossiblelifewithoutspendingatonofmoney.”想办法在不花一大笔钱的情况下过最健康的生活。可知1月27日的活动重点是健康，故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段“Tomorrowbringstoacloseofthesecondschooltermofthe2018academicyearandthestartofthewinterschoolholidays.Followingabusyexaminationperiod,thisisamuchneededbreakformanystudentsacrosstheprovince.”明天是2018学年第二学期的结束日，也是冬季学校假期的开始。在繁忙的考试之后，这是全省许多学生非常需要的休息时间。由此推断出这篇文章的读者群是学生，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Howwasyourdaytoday?IfitwasjustsortofOK,withnothingmuchhappening,thenScottShafferwantstohearfromyou.MrShafferistheeditoroftheJournalofMundaneBehaviour."Wecanlearnalotaboutthewaythatsocietyworksbyexaminingnormalpatternsofbehavior,"hesays."Alltheordinarydecisionswemakeandordinarythingswedoaresocietyinaction."

Theideathatsocialscientistsshould"studytheunmarked",inMrShaffer'swords,hasalsospreadtohistorians.Traditionally,mosthistoryhasbeenwrittenasthestoryofgreatness.Itisallaboutgreatideas,greatpeopleandgreateconomicandsocialforceschangingthewaythatmillionsofpeopleliveforever.AlbertEinstein'stheoryofrelativitychangedthewaythatwelookattheuniverse.Buthashebeenofmorebenefittohumanitythantheunknownpersonwhoinventedthefirstreallycomfortableshoe?Trythinkinggreatthoughtswhenyourfeethurt.

Inrecentyears,booksofmicro-historyhavebeenagreatsuccesswiththepublic.Mostmicrohistoriansliketorelatetheirsubjecttowiderdevelopmentsinsociety.AccordingtohistorianCatherineGallagher,thepotatowasonceamatterofgreatargument.Supporterspointedoutthatitcouldgrowcheaplyandeasilyandhelpfeedthepoor.Opponentssaidthatthiswouldleadtothepoorbecomingmorepowerful,sincetheydidnothavetospendeveryhourworkingtofeedthemselves.ItseemsthatEuropeansocialismstartedwithanargumentaboutvegetables.BritishhistorianColinJoneswantsustolookatpicturespaintedhundredsofyearsago.Hewantsustonoticethefactthatnobodysmilesinthesepictures.Comparethatwithtoday,wheneveryonesmilesforthecameraandrefusingtosmileisseenasanunfriendlyact.Itisallbecauseofdentistry,hesays.Oncepeoplewereabletolookaftertheirteeth,theybegantosmileandtheworldbecameahappierplace.

Whetherstorieslikethisaretrueornot,theyputordinarypeopleatthecenterofhistory.Mostofusarenotgoingtochangetheworldinabigway.Butwemightbeabletodosomethingthatmakeslifeabiteasierforotherpeople.Andmaybeonedayahistorianwillcomealongandwritethestory.Itissomethingtogetexcitedabout,thoughperhapsnotveryexcited.（1）Whydoestheauthortellyoutotrythinkinggreatthoughtswhenyourfeethurt?A.

Toshowtheordinaryisnecessary.

B.

Toshowhistoryiscreatedbytheunknown.C.

Toshowgreatthoughtsareunnecessary.

D.

Toshowgreatnesscomesfromtheordinary.（2）Whatwasthemostimportantthingabouttheargumentaboutthepotato?A.

Ithelpedthepoortofeedthemselves.

B.

Ithelpedtospendlessmoneyonfood.C.

Itbroughtaboutastruggleagainsttherich.

D.

Itledtogreatchangesinsociety.（3）Whydidn'tpeoplesmileinpicturespaintedhundredsofyearsago?A.

Theylivedahardlife.

B.

Theirteethlookedterrible.C.

Theywerenotfriendly.

D.

Theypreferredtolookserious.（4）Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?A.

Thewaystomakelifeeasier.

B.

Theimportanceoftheordinaryinhistory.C.

Theincreasinginterestinmicro-history.

D.

Unknownpeoplewhoinventedsmallthings.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。论述了关注社会中普通人的重要性。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Alltheordinarydecisionswemakeandordinarythingswedoaresocietyinaction.”及第二段中的“Buthashebeenofmorebenefittohumanitythantheunknownpersonwhoinventedthefirstreallycomfortableshoe?Trythinkinggreatthoughtswhenyourfeethurt.”可知第一个发明舒适的鞋的未知人的重要性。作者以此来印证普通人和普通人的想法的重要性。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“AccordingtohistorianCatherineGallagher,thepotatowasonceamatterofgreatargument.”以及“ItseemsthatEuropeansocialismstartedwithanargumentaboutvegetables.”可知作者在文中提到了potato,而恰恰是对potato的讨论带来了社会的变革。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Itisallbecauseofdentistry,hesays.Oncepeoplewereabletolookaftertheirteeth,theybegantosmileandtheworldbecameahappierplace”可推断当人们会照料自己的牙齿的时候,人们才敢笑,这表明在此之前人不敢笑,是因为他们的牙齿很糟糕。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。本文主题为"Theimportanceoftheordinaryinhistory,（历史中普通人的重要性）"各段落紧扣主题内容,论证了作者在本文中的观点普通人是很重要的。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

RonaldReaganeversaid,"It'struehardworkneverkilledanybody,butIfigure,whytakethechance?"Tosomeextent,extraeffortseemstobeself-defeating.Studiessuggestthat,after50hoursaweek,employeeproductivityfallssharply.

Butthatdoesn'tstopsomemanagersfromdemandingthatworkersstaychainedtotheirdeskforlongperiods.JackMa,thefounderofAlibaba,recentlypraisedthe"996"model,whereemployeesworkfrom9a.m.to9p.m.,6daysaweek,asa"hugeblessing".Apparently,presenteeism(出勤主义)isthecurseofthemodernofficeworker.

Therewillbedayswhenyoudonothavemuchtodo:perhapsbecauseyouarewaitingforsomeoneelseinadifferentdepartment,oradifferentcompany,torespondtoarequest.Astheclocktickspast5pm,theremaybenopurposeinstayingatyourdesk.Butyoucanseeyourbosshardatworkand,moreimportantly,theycanseeyou.Soyoumakeanefforttolookbusy.

Someofthismaybeaself-continuingcycle.Ifbossesdonotliketogohomebeforetheiremployees,andemployeesfearleavingbeforetheirbosses,everyoneistrapped.Staffmayfeelthattheywillnotgetapayrise,orapromotion,iftheyarenotseentobeputtinginmaximumeffort.Thisiseasilyconfusedwithlonghours.Managers,whoareoftennogoodatjudgingemployees'performance,usetimeintheofficeasameasure.Theconsequenceisoftenwastedeffort.Wepretendtoworkandmanagerspretendtobelieveus.Ratherthanworkhard,youtrytomakebossesthinkthatyouare.Leavingajacketonyourofficechair,walkingaroundpurposefullywithanotebookandsendingoutemailsatoddhoursarethreeofthebest-knowntricks.Afterawhilethiscanresultincollectiveself-delusionthatthispretenceisactualwork.

Butpresenteeismhasmoreseriousconsequences.ItisperhapsmostcommoninJapan,wherepeopleattendtheofficeevenwhentheyareindiscomfort.Indoingso,theyaredoingneitherthemselvesnortheiremployersanyfavours.Aswellasreducingproductivity,thiscanincreasemedicalexpensesfortheemployer.AccordingtoastudyintheJournalofOccupationandEnvironmentalMedicine,thesecostscanbesixtimeshigherforemployersthanthecostsofabsenteeismamongworkers.Thoseworkersweremorelikelytoexperiencegreaterpainandtosufferfromdepression.

Intheevolutionofhumanity,presenteeismisarecentphenomenon.Intheindustrialera,workerswerepaidnotfortheiroutputbutfortheirtime,andwererequiredtoclockinandout.Butmodernmachinerylikesmartphonesandlaptopsisportable.Turninganofficeintoaprison,withprisonersallowedhomefortheevenings,doesnothingforthecreativitythatisincreasinglydemandedofofficeworkersasroutinetasksareautomated.Tobeproductiveyouneedpresenceofmind,notbeingpresentintheflesh.（1）WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2andParagraph3?A.

Employeesoftenhavetoworkextrahours.B.

Extraeffortimprovesemployees'productivity.C.

"996"modeliswellreceivedaroundtheworld.D.

Bothbossesandemployeesaredevotedtotheirjobs.（2）Whatdoestheunderlined"This"inParagraph4referto?A.

Hopingtogetapayrise.

B.

Goinghomeaftertheboss.C.

Puttinginmaximumeffort.

D.

Judgingemployees'performance.（3）Whichofthefollowingisonetheresultsoflong-timepresenteeism?A.

Reducingmedicalcostsofemployees.B.

Makingemployeesmorehard-working.C.

Increasingthecompetitionamongemployees.D.

Worseningemployees'physicalandmentalcondition.（4）Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastpar