2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级试卷写作练习与批改建议

2025年全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级试卷写作练习与批改建议考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、填空题（本部分共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）请根据所给的语境，在空白处填入一个最恰当的单词，使句子意思完整、通顺。1.Thecompanyhasbeenlosingmoneyforyears,butitstillcontinuestoinvestinresearchanddevelopmentbecauseitbelievesthat______willbringlong-termprofits.A.innovationB.competitionC.efficiencyD.cost-cutting2.Despitetheheavyrain,thevolunteersinsistedon______theoutdoorcharityevent,showingtheirdeterminationtohelpthoseinneed.A.holdingupB.puttingoffC.callingoffD.cancelingout3.Herspeechwasso______thatitleftadeepimpressiononeveryoneintheaudience,makingthemreflectontheirownvalues.A.inspiringB.boringC.confusingD.irrelevant4.Thegovernmentimplementedanewpolicyto______thehighrateofunemploymentbycreatingmorejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.A.reduceB.increaseC.ignoreD.celebrate5.AlthoughhehadneverbeentoJapanbefore,thetravelermanagedto______himselfintheunfamiliarculturebylearningbasicJapanesephrases.A.fitinB.standoutC.getlostD.giveup6.Thebookprovidesa______overviewofthehistoryoftheUnitedStates,makingitavaluableresourceforstudentsandhistoryenthusiastsalike.A.briefB.detailedC.biasedD.irrelevant7.Toimproveherpublicspeakingskills,shedecidedtojoina______whereshecouldpracticedeliveringpresentationsinfrontofanaudience.A.clubB.classC.competitionD.debate8.Theteamworked______tocompletetheprojectontime,andtheireffortswerefinallyrewardedwithasuccessfuloutcome.A.independentlyB.cooperativelyC.carelesslyD.lazily9.Theoldman’s______smilebrightenedtheroom,makingeveryonearoundhimfeelmoreateaseandhappy.A.tiredB.sarcasticC.warmD.bitter10.Thescientist’s______researchonclimatechangehasbeenwidelycitedbypolicymakersandenvironmentalactivists.A.controversialB.outdatedC.groundbreakingD.irrelevant11.Thecompany’s______marketingstrategyhelpeditstandoutinacrowdedmarket,attractingalargenumberofnewcustomers.A.weakB.innovativeC.outdatedD.predictable12.Theteacher’s______approachtoeducationmadelearningenjoyableforthestudents,whowerepreviouslyboredbytraditionalmethods.A.strictB.creativeC.boringD.unfair13.Theathlete’s______performanceintheOlympicsbroughthonortohercountryandinspiredmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.A.underwhelmingB.outstandingC.disappointingD.average14.Themovie’s______storylinekepttheaudienceengagedfrombeginningtoend,withnodullmoments.A.predictableB.complexC.boringD.straightforward15.Thecharityorganization’s______effortstohelpthehomelesshavemadeasignificantdifferenceintheirlives,givingthemhopeforabetterfuture.A.minimalB.compassionateC.neglectfulD.careless16.Thestudent’s______attitudetowardhisstudiesmadeitclearthathewasnotseriousabouthiseducation.A.responsibleB.indifferentC.enthusiasticD.dedicated17.Thecompany’s______financialperformancehasbeenasourceofconcernforitsshareholders,whoareworriedaboutitsfuture.A.strongB.weakC.stableD.unpredictable18.Theteacher’s______feedbackhelpedthestudentimprovehiswritingskills,makinghisessaysmorepersuasiveandwell-structured.A.harshB.constructiveC.irrelevantD.unfair19.Thebook’s______narrativestylemadeitdifficultforthereadertostayfocused,asthestorywasfilledwithunnecessarydetails.A.engagingB.straightforwardC.convolutedD.simple20.Theteam’s______communicationwasakeyfactorintheirsuccess,astheywereabletoworktogetherefficientlyandeffectively.A.poorB.clearC.chaoticD.disorganized二、选择题（本部分共30小题，每小题1分，满分30分）请根据所给的语境，选择最恰当的选项填入空白处，使句子意思完整、通顺。21.Thecompany’snewCEOhasa______visionforthefuture,whichincludesexpandingintonewmarketsandinvestingininnovativetechnologies.A.narrowB.ambitiousC.short-sightedD.conservative22.Despitethechallenges,theteamremained______andcontinuedtoworkhardtowardtheirgoalofcompletingtheprojectontime.A.discouragedB.motivatedC.lazyD.careless23.Thebook’s______contentmadeitabestseller,asreaderswerecaptivatedbyitsintriguingplotandwell-developedcharacters.A.boringB.engagingC.irrelevantD.confusing24.Thegovernment’snewpolicyaimsto______thehighcostoflivingbyprovidingsubsidiestolow-incomefamilies.A.reduceB.increaseC.ignoreD.celebrate25.Theoldman’s______smilewasareminderofthehappinessandkindnesshehadalwaysshowntoothers.A.tiredB.sarcasticC.warmD.bitter26.Thescientist’s______researchonrenewableenergyhasbeenpraisedbyexpertsforitspotentialtosolvetheglobalenergycrisis.A.controversialB.outdatedC.groundbreakingD.irrelevant27.Thecompany’s______marketingstrategyhelpeditattractalargenumberofnewcustomersandincreaseitsmarketshare.A.weakB.innovativeC.outdatedD.predictable28.Theteacher’s______approachtoeducationmadelearningenjoyableforthestudents,whowerepreviouslyboredbytraditionalmethods.A.strictB.creativeC.boringD.unfair29.Theathlete’s______performanceintheOlympicsbroughthonortohercountryandinspiredmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.A.underwhelmingB.outstandingC.disappointingD.average30.Themovie’s______storylinekepttheaudienceengagedfrombeginningtoend,withnodullmoments.A.predictableB.complexC.boringD.straightforward三、阅读理解（本部分共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。Manypeoplebelievethatsuccessistheresultofhardworkandtalentalone.However,agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatmindsetplaysacrucialroleinachievingsuccess.Agrowthmindset,asdescribedbypsychologistCarolDweck,isthebeliefthatabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughdedicationandhardwork.Peoplewithagrowthmindsetembracechallenges,learnfromcriticism,andpersistinthefaceofsetbacks.Ontheotherhand,afixedmindsetisthebeliefthatabilitiesareinnateandunchangeable.Peoplewithafixedmindsetavoidchallenges,fearcriticism,andgiveupeasilywhenfacedwithobstacles.Thedifferencebetweenagrowthandafixedmindsetcanbeseeninvariousaspectsoflife.Forexample,studentswithagrowthmindsetseeexamsasopportunitiestolearnandimprove,whilestudentswithafixedmindsetseethemastestsoftheirintelligence.Whenfacedwithadifficulttask,someonewithagrowthmindsetwilltrydifferentstrategiesandseemistakesaslearningopportunities,whereassomeonewithafixedmindsetwillgiveupquicklyandblametheirlackofability.Developingagrowthmindsetisnotalwayseasy,butitcanbedone.Onewaytodothisistoembracechallengesandseethemasopportunitiestogrow.Insteadofsaying"Ican’tdothis,"trysaying"Ican’tdothisyet."Thissmallchangeinmindsetcanmakeabigdifferenceinhowyouapproachobstacles.Anotherwayistolearnfromcriticismandseeitasfeedbackthatcanhelpyouimprove.Insteadoftakingcriticismpersonally,trytounderstandwhatitcanteachyou.Finally,persistenceiskey.Whenyoufacesetbacks,don’tgiveup.Instead,seethemasopportunitiestolearnandgrow.31.Accordingtothepassage,whatisagrowthmindset?A.Thebeliefthatabilitiesareinnateandunchangeable.B.Thebeliefthatabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughdedicationandhardwork.C.Thebeliefthatsuccessistheresultofhardworkandtalentalone.D.Thebeliefthatsuccessisimpossiblewithouttalent.32.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenagrowthmindsetandafixedmindset?A.Agrowthmindsetseesexamsasopportunitiestolearn,whileafixedmindsetseesthemastestsofintelligence.B.Agrowthmindsetembraceschallenges,whileafixedmindsetavoidschallenges.C.Agrowthmindsetlearnsfromcriticism,whileafixedmindsetfearscriticism.D.Alloftheabove.33.Whyisdevelopingagrowthmindsetimportant?A.Ithelpspeopleachievesuccessmoreeasily.B.Ithelpspeopleseechallengesasopportunitiestogrow.C.Ithelpspeoplebelieveintheirinnateabilities.D.Ithelpspeoplegiveupmoreeasilywhenfacedwithobstacles.34.Whatcanpeopledotodevelopagrowthmindset?A.Embracechallengesandseethemasopportunitiestogrow.B.Learnfromcriticismandseeitasfeedback.C.Persistinthefaceofsetbacks.D.Alloftheabove.35.Accordingtothepassage,howdostudentswithagrowthmindsetseeexams?A.Astestsoftheirintelligence.B.Asopportunitiestolearnandimprove.C.Asaburden.D.Asawasteoftime.36.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutpeoplewithafixedmindset?A.Theyseeexamsasopportunitiestolearn.B.Theyembracechallenges.C.Theyfearcriticism.D.Theybelieveabilitiesareinnateandunchangeable.37.Howcanpeoplelearnfromcriticism?A.Takeitpersonally.B.Ignoreit.C.Seeitasfeedbackthatcanhelpthemimprove.D.Blametheirlackofability.38.Whatisthekeytodevelopingagrowthmindset?A.Hardworkandtalent.B.Persistence.C.Believingininnateabilities.D.Avoidingchallenges.39.Accordingtothepassage,whatisasetback?A.Asuccess.B.Achallenge.C.Anopportunitytolearnandgrow.D.Afailure.40.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenmindsetandsuccess?A.Mindsethasnoeffectonsuccess.B.Agrowthmindsetismoreimportantthanhardworkandtalent.C.Afixedmindsetismoreimportantthanagrowthmindset.D.Mindsetplaysacrucialroleinachievingsuccess.四、完形填空（本部分共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）Readingisanessentialskillthatcanopenupaworldofknowledgeandopportunities.However,manypeoplestrugglewithreadingcomprehension,whichcanhindertheiracademicandprofessionalsuccess.Thegoodnewsisthatreadingcomprehensioncanbeimprovedwithpracticeandtherightstrategies.Thefirststeptoimprovingreadingcomprehensionistosetacleargoalforwhatyouwanttogetoutofthetext.Beforeyoustartreading,askyourselfwhatyoualreadyknowaboutthetopicandwhatyouwanttolearn.Thiswillhelpyoustayfocusedandmakethereadingexperiencemoremeaningful.Next,it’simportanttoactivelyengagewiththetextwhileyou’rereading.Thismeansaskingquestionsasyouread,makingpredictionsaboutwhatmighthappennext,andconnectingtheinformationtowhatyoualreadyknow.Activereadinghelpsyouunderstandthetextbetterandrememberitlonger.Anotherstrategyistotakenoteswhileyou’rereading.Writingdownkeypoints,vocabularywords,andquestionscanhelpyouprocesstheinformationmoreeffectively.Notescanalsoserveasareferencewhenyouneedtoreviewthetextlater.Finally,practiceisessential.Themoreyouread,thebetteryourreadingcomprehensionwillbecome.Trytoreadavarietyofmaterials,suchasbooks,articles,andnewspapers,toexposeyourselftodifferentwritingstylesandtopics.41.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Readingisnotimportantforsuccess.B.Readingcomprehensioncanbeimprovedwithpracticeandtherightstrategies.C.Readingisonlyforpeoplewholovebooks.D.Readingcomprehensionisimpossibletoimprove.42.Whatshouldyoudobeforeyoustartreading?A.Setacleargoalforwhatyouwanttogetoutofthetext.B.Skiptheintroductionandgostraighttotheconclusion.C.Readthetextquicklytogetageneralidea.D.Asksomeoneelsetoreadthetextforyou.43.Whatisactivereading?A.Readingsilentlywithoutmakinganynotes.B.Readingaloudtoimprovepronunciation.C.Askingquestions,makingpredictions,andconnectingtheinformationtowhatyoualreadyknow.D.Readingveryfasttofinishthetextquickly.44.Whyisitimportanttotakenoteswhilereading?A.Itmakesthereadingexperiencemoreenjoyable.B.Ithelpsyouprocesstheinformationmoreeffectively.C.Itmakesyoulooksmartinfrontofothers.D.Ittakeslesstimethanreadingthetextitself.45.Whatisthebestwaytoimprovereadingcomprehension?A.Readonlybooksthatyoulove.B.Readavarietyofmaterials.C.Readonlydifficulttextstochallengeyourself.D.Avoidreadingaltogether.46.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutreadingcomprehension?A.Itisaskillthatcannotbeimproved.B.Itisonlyimportantforstudents.C.Itisessentialforacademicandprofessionalsuccess.D.Itisboringandunnecessary.47.Whatisthefirststeptoimprovingreadingcomprehension?A.Readingfaster.B.Settingacleargoalforwhatyouwanttogetoutofthetext.C.Readingoutloud.D.Askingsomeonetoreadthetextforyou.48.Whatshouldyoudowhileyou’rereading?A.Passivelyreadwithoutthinkingaboutthetext.B.Activelyengagewiththetextbyaskingquestionsandmakingpredictions.C.Readveryslowlytomakesureyouunderstandeveryword.D.Ignoreanypartsofthetextthatyoudon’tunderstand.49.Whyispracticeimportantforimprovingreadingcomprehension?A.Itmakesreadingmorefun.B.Ithelpsyourememberthetextlonger.C.Itmakesyoureadfaster.D.Itmakesyoulooksmartinfrontofothers.50.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutdifferentwritingstyles?A.Thereisonlyonewritingstylethatisbest.B.Differentwritingstylesarenotimportant.C.Exposingyourselftodifferentwritingstylescanhelpimproveyourreadingcomprehension.D.Writingstylesdonotaffectreadingcomprehension.五、书面表达（本部分共1题，满分30分）Manypeoplebelievethattechnologyhasmadeourliveseasierandmoreconvenient.However,othersarguethattechnologyhascausedmoreproblemsthanithassolved.Writeanessayofatleast200wordsdiscussingbothsidesoftheissue.Inyouressay,includeyourownopinionandprovidereasonsandexamplestosupportyourview.Makesureyouressayiswell-organizedandhasaclearintroduction,body,andconclusion.本次试卷答案如下一、填空题答案及解析1.A.innovation解析：公司虽然一直在亏损，但仍然持续投资研发，说明它们相信创新会带来长期利润。innovation（创新）符合语境。2.A.holdingup解析：despitetheheavyrain（尽管雨下得很大），volunteersinsistedon（志愿者坚持）theoutdoorcharityevent（户外慈善活动），说明他们坚持举行活动，holdingup（举行）符合语境。3.A.inspiring解析：speechwasso...thatitleftadeepimpressiononeveryone（演讲如此...以至于给每个人留下了深刻印象），说明演讲很鼓舞人心，inspiring（鼓舞人心的）符合语境。4.A.reduce解析：governmentimplementedanewpolicy（政府实施了一项新政策）to（为了）reducethehighrateofunemployment（降低高失业率），说明政策目的是减少失业率，reduce（减少）符合语境。5.A.fitin解析：travelermanagedto（旅行者设法）himselfintheunfamiliarculture（在陌生的文化中融入），说明他适应了新环境，fitin（融入）符合语境。6.B.detailed解析：bookprovidesa（这本书提供了）overviewofthehistoryoftheUnitedStates（美国历史的概述），说明概述很详细，detailed（详细的）符合语境。7.B.class解析：toimproveherpublicspeakingskills（为了提高她的公开演讲技巧），shedecidedtojoina（她决定加入一个）class（班级），说明她参加了一个演讲班，class（班级）符合语境。8.B.cooperatively解析：teamworked（团队工作）together（一起）tocompletetheprojectontime（按时完成项目），说明团队合作，cooperatively（合作地）符合语境。9.C.warm解析：oldman’s（老人的）smilebrightenedtheroom（笑容让房间亮了起来），说明他笑容温暖，warm（温暖的）符合语境。10.C.groundbreaking解析：scientist’s（科学家）researchonclimatechange（关于气候变化的）hasbeenwidelycited（被广泛引用），说明研究具有开创性，groundbreaking（开创性的）符合语境。11.B.innovative解析：company’s（公司的）marketingstrategy（营销策略）helpeditstandout（帮助它脱颖而出）inacrowdedmarket（在拥挤的市场中），说明策略很创新，innovative（创新的）符合语境。12.B.creative解析：teacher’s（老师的）approachtoeducation（教育方法）madelearningenjoyable（使学习变得愉快），说明方法很创意，creative（创意的）符合语境。13.B.outstanding解析：athlete’s（运动员的）performanceintheOlympics（在奥运会上的表现）broughthonortohercountry（给她国家带来荣誉），说明表现很出色，outstanding（出色的）符合语境。14.B.complex解析：movie’s（电影）storylinekepttheaudienceengaged（情节让观众参与其中）frombeginningtoend（从开始到结束），说明情节很复杂，complex（复杂的）符合语境。15.B.compassionate解析：charityorganization’s（慈善组织的）effortstohelpthehomeless（帮助无家可归者的努力）havemadeasignificantdifference（做出了巨大差异），说明努力充满同情心，compassionate（同情的）符合语境。16.B.indifferent解析：student’s（学生的）attitudetowardhisstudies（对学习的态度）madeitclearthathewasnotserious（表明他不是很认真），说明态度冷漠，indifferent（冷漠的）符合语境。17.B.weak解析：company’s（公司的）financialperformance（财务表现）hasbeenasourceofconcern（一直是担忧的来源），说明表现很弱，weak（弱的）符合语境。18.B.constructive解析：teacher’s（老师的）feedback（反馈）helpedthestudentimprovehiswritingskills（帮助学生提高写作技巧），说明反馈是建设性的，constructive（建设性的）符合语境。19.C.convoluted解析：book’s（书的）narrativestyle（叙述风格）madeitdifficultforthereadertostayfocused（让读者难以集中注意力），说明风格很复杂，convoluted（复杂的）符合语境。20.B.clear解析：team’s（团队的）communication（沟通）wasakeyfactor（是一个关键因素）intheirsuccess（他们的成功），说明沟通很清晰，clear（清晰的）符合语境。二、选择题答案及解析21.B.ambitious解析：CEOhasa（CEO有一个）visionforthefuture（对未来的愿景），whichincludesexpandingintonewmarkets（包括拓展新市场）andinvestingininnovativetechnologies（投资创新技术），说明愿景很雄心勃勃，ambitious（雄心勃勃的）符合语境。22.B.motivated解析：despitethechallenges（尽管挑战），teamremained（团队仍然）motivated（有动力的）andcontinuedtoworkhard（继续努力工作）towardtheirgoal（朝着他们的目标），说明团队有动力，motivated（有动力的）符合语境。23.B.engaging解析：book’s（书的）content（内容）madeitabestseller（使其成为畅销书），asreaderswerecaptivatedbyitsintriguingplot（因为读者被其引人入胜的情节吸引），说明内容很吸引人，engaging（吸引人的）符合语境。24.A.reduce解析：government’s（政府的）newpolicyaimsto（新政策旨在）reducethehighcostofliving（降低生活成本），byprovidingsubsidiestolow-incomefamilies（通过为低收入家庭提供补贴），说明政策目的是减少成本，reduce（减少）符合语境。25.C.warm解析：oldman’s（老人的）smile（笑容）wasareminderofthehappinessandkindness（是幸福和善良的提醒），hehadalwaysshowntoothers（他一直展示给别人的），说明笑容很温暖，warm（温暖的）符合语境。26.C.groundbreaking解析：scientist’s（科学家）researchonrenewableenergy（关于可再生能源的研究）hasbeenpraised（被赞扬），foritspotentialtosolvetheglobalenergycrisis（因为它有解决全球能源危机的潜力），说明研究具有开创性，groundbreaking（开创性的）符合语境。27.B.innovative解析：company’s（公司的）marketingstrategy（营销策略）helpeditattract（帮助它吸引）alargenumberofnewcustomers（大量新客户），andincreaseitsmarketshare（并增加其市场份额），说明策略很创新，innovative（创新的）符合语境。28.B.creative解析：teacher’s（老师的）approachtoeducation（教育方法）madelearningenjoyable（使学习变得愉快），forthestudents（对学生来说），whowerepreviouslybored（谁以前感到无聊），bytraditionalmethods（通过传统方法），说明方法很创意，creative（创意的）符合语境。29.B.outstanding解析：athlete’s（运动员的）performanceintheOlympics（在奥运会上的表现）broughthonor（带来荣誉）tohercountry（给她国家），andinspired（并激励）millionsofpeoplearoundtheworld（世界各地数百万人民），说明表现很出色，outstanding（出色的）符合语境。30.B.complex解析：movie’s（电影）storyline（情节）kepttheaudienceengaged（让观众参与其中）frombeginningtoend（从开始到结束），withnodullmoments（没有无聊的时刻），说明情节很复杂，complex（复杂的）符合语境。三、阅读理解答案及解析31.B.Thebeliefthatabilitiescanbedevelopedthroughdedicationandhardwork.解析：根据文章第一段，growthmindset（成长型思维）是指相信能力可以通过努力和勤奋来发展的信念，B选项符合语境。32.D.Alloftheabove.解析：根据文章第一段和第二段，growthmindset（成长型思维）和fixedmindset（固定型思维）的主要区别在于如何看待挑战、批评和失败。growthmindset（成长型思维）的人会接受挑战、从批评中学习、坚持不懈，而fixedmindset（固定型思维）的人会回避挑战、害怕批评、轻易放弃。因此，D选项符合语境。33.B.Ithelpspeopleseechallengesasopportunitiestogrow.解析：根据文章第三段，developingagrowthmindset（培养成长型思维）可以帮助人们将挑战视为成长的机会，B选项符合语境。34.D.Alloftheabove.解析：根据文章第三段，培养成长型思维的方法包括接受挑战、从批评中学习、坚持不懈，因此D选项符合语境。35.B.Asopportunitiestolearnandimprove.解析：根据文章第二段，growthmindset（成长型思维）的学生将考试视为学习和提高的机会，B选项符合语境。36.D.Theybelieveabilitiesareinnateandunchangeable.解析：根据文章第一段，fixedmindset（固定型思维）的人相信能力是天生的、不可改变的，D选项符合语境。37.C.Seeitasfeedbackthatcanhelpthemimprove.解析：根据文章第三段，人们可以从批评中学习，将其视为可以帮助他们提高的反馈，C选项符合语境。38.B.Persistence.解析：根据文章第三段，培养成长型思维的关键是坚持不懈，B选项符合语境。39.D.Afailure.解析：根据文章第三段，setback（挫折）是指失败，D选项符合语境。40.D.Mindsetplaysacrucialroleinachievingsuccess.解析：根据文章第一段和第二段，mindset（思维方式）在取得成功中起着至关重要的作用，D选项符合语境。四、完形填空答案及解析41.B.Readingcomprehensioncanbeimprovedwithpracticeandtherightstrategies.解析：根据文章第一段，readingcomprehension（阅读理解）可以通过练习和正确的策略来提高，B选项符合语境。42.A.Setacleargoalforwhatyouwanttogetoutofthetext.解析：根据文章第二段，beforeyoustartreading（在你开始阅读之前），你应该设定一个明确的目标，forwhatyouwanttogetoutofthetext（你想要从文本中获得什么），A选项符合语境。43.C.Askingquestions,makingpredictions,andconnectingtheinformationtowhatyoualreadyknow.解析：根据文章第二段，activereading（主动阅读）包括askingquestions（提问）、makingpredictions（做出预测）、connectingtheinformationtowhatyoualreadyknow（将信息与你已经知道的内容联系起来），C选项符合语境。44.B.Ithelpsyouprocesstheinformationmoreeffectively.解析：根据文章第三段，takenoteswhileyou’rereading（在阅读时做笔记）可以帮助你更有效地处理信息，B选项符合语境。45.B.Readavarietyofmaterials.解析：根据文章第四段，thebestwaytoimprovereadingcomprehension（提高阅读理解的最佳方法）istoreadavarietyofmaterials（阅读各种材料），B选项符合语境。46.C.Itisessentialforacademicandprofessionalsuccess.解析：根据文章第一段，readingcomprehension（阅读理解）对于学术和职业成功至关重要，C选项符合语境。47.B.Settingacleargoalforwhatyouwanttogetoutofthetext.解析：根据文章第二段，thefirststeptoimprovingreadingcomprehension（提高阅读理解的第一步）isto