Unit1HealthyMindandBody知识点总结仁爱科普版八年级英语上册

Unit1HealthyMindandBody知识点总结一、重点单词（一）词形转换原词（词性及含义）词形变化（词性及含义）healthy（adj.健康的）同义词：fit（adj.健康的）；名词：health（健康）win（v.赢）过去式：won（v.赢）；名词：winner（获胜者）ski（v.滑雪）现在分词：skiing（滑雪）famous（adj.著名的）比较级：morefamous（更著名的）arrive（v.到达）同义词：reach（v.到达）leave（v.离开）过去式：left（离开）popular（adj.受欢迎的）最高级：mostpopular（最受欢迎的）ill（adj.生病的）同义词：sick（adj.生病的）；名词：illness（疾病）start（v.开始）同义词：begin（v.开始）adj./adv.adj./adv.远的/远）反义词：near（adj./adv.近的/近）smoke（v.吸烟）现在分词：smoking（吸烟）careless（adj.粗心的）反义词：careful（adj.细心的）important（adj.重要的）比较级：moreimportant（更重要的）enjoy（v.享受）现在分词：enjoying（享受）invent（v.发明）名词：invention（发明物）；inventor（发明家）indoor（adj.室内的）反义词：outdoor（adj.室外的）century（n.世纪）复数：centuries（世纪）coach（n.教练）复数：coaches（教练）feel（v.感觉）名词：feeling（感觉）tiring（adj.令人疲倦的）近义词：tired（adj.疲倦的）（二）重点词汇详解see（感官动词）seesb.dosth.：看见某人做了某事（强调动作全过程或经常性发生）。例：IsawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringtheSummerholidays.seesb.doingsth.：看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）。例：Isawhimplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow.invent动词：发明。例：Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayeveninbadweather.名词：inventor（发明家）、invention（发明）。例：Inventorshaveinventedmanygreatinventions.score名词：进球，得分。例：Thefinalscoreis21.动词：进球，得分。例：Noonescoredinthefirsthalf.insteadof：代替……（后接名词、代词或动名词）。例：Youshouldplayoutinsteadofworkingindoors.instead：单独使用，放句尾或句首。例：Idon’tlikeswimming,let’sgohikinginstead.fun（不可数名词，乐趣）词组：havefundoingsth.（做某事有乐趣）。例：WehavegreatfunlearningEnglish.同义短语：havefun=enjoyoneself=haveagoodtimeshoutshoutatsb.：朝某人吼（不礼貌）shouttosb.：朝某人大声喊beimportanttosb./sth.：对某人/某事重要。例：Englishisimportanttous.buildsb./oneselfup：增强体质。例：Runningcanbuildourselvesup.二、重点短语短语含义duringthesummerholidays在暑假期间between…and…在两者之间cheersb.on为某人加油preferdoingsth.更喜欢做某事quiteabit/alot很多plantodosth.计划做某事haveaskatingclub举办滑雪俱乐部goskating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足arrivein/at到达（in加大地点，at加小地点）playagainst…与……对抗/较量forlong很久leavefor…动身去……thedayaftertomorrow后天China’snationalteam中国国家队playbaseball打棒球atleast至少whatashame!真遗憾！begoodat善于做某事takepartin参加（活动）allovertheworld全世界begoodfor对……有益agoodway一种好方法keepfit/healthy保持健康relaxoneself放松某人自己haveasoccergame进行一场足球赛fallill病倒了bealittlefarfrom…离……有点远rightaway=atonce立刻；马上missagoodchance错过一个好机会get/missagoal得到/失去一分shameonsb.为某人感到羞耻doone’sbest尽某人的力saysorrytosb.对某人说抱歉besuretodosth.确定做某事beangrywith…生某人的气servefood上菜turnup/down…调高/低（音量）keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事inaminute一分钟后；马上onthephone在电话中takeaseat就坐nevermind不要紧alotoftraveling一系列旅行love/enjoydoingsth.喜爱做某事haveaveryexcitinglife过着非常兴奋的生活aswell也throw…into…把……投进……follow/obeytherules遵守规则overacenturylater一个多世纪后moreandmorepeople越来越多的人feeltired感到疲劳insteadof…替代……asksb.todosth.叫某人做某事makeaplanforsb.为某人订一份计划buildup增进；增强havefundoingsth.乐于做某事beimportantto对于……来说是重要三、重点句型What’syourfavoritesport?=Whatsportdoyoulikebest?（你最喜欢的运动是什么？）ThereisgoingtobeabasketballgamebetweenClassThreeandourclassthisSunday.（本周日三班和我们班将有一场篮球赛。）Therebe句型：表示某地有某物（与have“某人有”区分）。时态变化：Thereis/are（现在）、Therewas/were（过去）、Therewillbe/Thereis/aregoingtobe（将来）。就近原则：Thereisapenandtworulersonthedesk.表“也”的用法aswell/too：用于肯定句末。例：I’mastudent.Heisastudentaswell/too.also：用于肯定句中（系动词/情态动词后，行为动词前）。例：Heisalsoastudent.HealsolikesEnglish.either：用于否定句末。例：I’mnotastudent,heisn’tastudenteither.Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayeveninbadweather.（他为学生发明了一种室内游戏，以便他们在恶劣天气也能玩。）sothat：引导目的状语从句（为了，以便）。例：Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.sothat：引导结果状语从句（结果，以致）。例：Helefthisbookathomesothathewentbackhomeagain.so+形容词/副词+that从句：如此……以致……。例：Sheissobeautifulthateveryonelikesher.such+名词短语+that从句：如此……以致……。例：Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthateveryonelikesher.Doyouknowhowtoscoreinthegame?（你知道在比赛中如何得分吗？）（“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语）Iama15yearoldboy.（我是一个15岁的男孩。）（连字符构成的形容词作定语，数词后名词不用复数）不同表达：Heis15yearsold.Before和after的用法介词：后接动词ing形式。例：Beforestartingjumping,wemustgettoknowhowtojumphigh.连词：后接时间状语从句。例：Beforewestartjumping,wemustgettoknowhowtojumphigh.Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?=Couldyouhelpme?=Couldyougivemeahand?（你能帮我吗？）Wouldyoumindteachingme?=Wouldyoupleaseteachme?（你教我好吗？）Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?（你不要在这里抽烟好吗？）Youarealwayssocareless.（你总是这样粗心大意。）I’mverysorryforwhatIsaid.（我为所说的话感到道歉。）Wearesuretowinnexttime.（下次我们一定能赢。）Letmebuyyouanewone.=Letmebuyanewoneforyou.（让我给你买个新的。）It’smyfirsttimetotakepartinthehighjump.=Itakepartinthehighjumpforthefirsttime.（这是我第一次参加跳高。）四、重点语法：一般将来时结构用法例句begoingto+动词原形表示计划、打算做某事；根据迹象推测即将发生Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentsthisweekend.Lookatthoseclouds.It’sgoingtorain.will+动词原形表示单纯将来事实；作出立即决定；预测；许诺I’lldoitrightaway.I’msureourteamwillwinnexttime.I’llvisityoutomorrow.句式变化（以will为例）肯定句：主语+will+动词原形否定句：主语+won’t+动词原形一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形？回答：Yes,主语+will./No,主语+won’t.Iwillgotoplaybaseballsoon.Iwon’tgotoplaybaseballsoon.Willyougotoplaybaseballsoon?Yes,Iwill./No,Iwon’t.瞬时动词现在进行时表将来动词plan,e,go,leave等用现在进行时表将要发生的事I’ming.HeisleavingforShanghai.五、作文指导与范文（一）写作思路围绕运动相关话题（如最喜欢的运动、学校运动会、运动对健康的重要性等）展开，明确主题、人称和时态（一般现在时、一般将来时、一般过去时），采用总分总结构，按逻辑顺序组织内容。（二）常用表达描述运动喜好：Ilike/love/enjoydoingsports,especially…；Myfavoritesportis…；Iprefer…to…说明运动频率：Idosports…timesaweek/month/year.；Ioften/usually/sometimesgo…阐述运动好处：Itcanhelpmekeepfit/healthy.；Doingsportsisgoodformymindandbody.；Itmakesmefeelrelaxedandenergetic.描述运动会：Therewillbe/isgoingtobeasportsmeetinourschool.；Manystudentswilltakepartindifferentevents.；Wewillcheerforourclassmates.（三）范文MyFavoriteSportMynameisTom.Iam14yearsoldandIlikesportsverymuch.Amongallthesports,swimmingismyfavorite.Igoswimmingtwiceaweek,andeachtimeIswimforaboutanhour.Ithinkswimmingisagreatwaytomakemyheartandlungshealthy.Also,ithelpsmekeepfit.WhenIswim,Ifeellikeafishinthewater,freeandhappy.MyfavoriteswimmerisMichaelPhelps.Iadmirehim