2024-2025学年河南省洛阳市等3地高二下学期6月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省洛阳市等3地2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AHi,guys!Yourhighschoolgraduationseasonisapproaching.Haveyoudecidedonyourtraveldestinationtocelebrateyourgraduation?LibertyTravelisboundtoyourbestchoice!Toensureyournextvacationispriceless,wearecommittedtoofferingyouexceptionalguidanceandvalue.GUIDANCETravelhasbecomemorecomplicated.Ourexpertconsultantsknowwhereyoucantravelandusetheirwealthofknowledgetohelpyoumakethebestdecisionsforyourtrip.Youcanrelyonustodeliverinsightandguidanceonanychangingtravelconditions.*Up-to-dateinformationlikeourTravelerResourcesCtripandpre-travelentryrequirementemailsandphonecallsgiveyoutheknowledgeyouneedwhenyouneeditmost.*Ourstrongrelationshipswithtourismboardsathomeandabroadandourpartnerbusinessesinmanylocationsprovideuswithreal-timeinformation.*Fromknowingwhereyoucantravelrightnowtodestinationrequirementsandsecuritymeasures,we’llgetyouthereandbackwithease.VALUE*Weknowtraveling.LibertyTraveltakesprideinourselectionofpartners,andtheratesandbenefitstailoredforourcustomers.Wealwayshaveafreshrangeofdealsthatareirresistible.*Weofferincrediblevaluethroughourirresistibledeals,exclusivebenefits,andexpertpicksfromthebestdealsintheindustry.*Theone-to-onecustomerserviceofflineandpersonalizedtravelplanningcomeatnoextracost.AtLibertyTravelit’sthecustomerswhomakeadifference.Ourtravelexpertscrafttheperfecttripforeverytravelerthroughouraward-winningcustomerservice.Pleasecontactus.Webetyouwillhaveanunforgettablegraduationjourneyofalifetime.1.WhatservicecanLibertyTraveloffer?A.Themostconvenienttransportation. B.Expertconsultants’guidance.C.Cheapesttravelpackages. D.Regularcustomers’reviews.2.Whatcancustomersgetforfree?A.Travelinsurance. B.Businesspartners.C.Exclusivebenefits. D.Tailoredplanning.3.Whatisthetypeofthetext?A.Astory. B.Aguide. C.Anadvertisement. D.Aplan.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了LibertyTravel可为即将毕业的高中生提供旅游服务，包括专业指导和高性价比等优势。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据GUIDANCE部分中“Ourexpertconsultantsknowwhereyoucantravelandusetheirwealthofknowledgetohelpyoumakethebestdecisionsforyourtrip.(我们的专业顾问知道你可以去哪里旅游，并利用他们丰富的知识帮助你为你的旅行做出最佳决策)”可知，LibertyTravel能提供专业顾问的指导。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据VALUE部分中“*Theone-to-onecustomerserviceofflineandpersonalizedtravelplanningcomeatnoextracost.(*线下一对一的客户服务和个性化的旅行规划都是免费的)”可知，客户可以免费获得量身定制的规划。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“LibertyTravelisboundtoyourbestchoice!Toensureyournextvacationispriceless,wearecommittedtoofferingyouexceptionalguidanceandvalue.(LibertyTravel必定是您的最佳选择!为确保您的下一次假期无比珍贵，我们致力于为您提供卓越的指导和价值)”以及后文对该旅行社在指导和价值方面优势的详细介绍和最后一段“Pleasecontactus.Webetyouwillhaveanunforgettablegraduationjourneyofalifetime.(请联系我们。我们保证您将拥有一次终生难忘的毕业之旅)”可推知，文章介绍了LibertyTravel可为即将毕业的高中生提供旅游服务，包括专业指导和高性价比等优势，目的是推广该旅行社的服务，是一篇广告。故选C项。BAnimalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(声音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉动物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!4.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats'meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A.It'sasurvivalskill. B.It'staughtbymothercats.C.It'shardtointerpret. D.It'sgettinglouderwithage.5.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A.Bylisteningforsounds. B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C.Bycheckingonsmells. D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.6.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?A.Performappropriately. B.Movefaster. C.Actstrangely. D.Dobetter.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TipsonFindingaSmartCat B.UnderstandingYourCat'sBehaviorC.HaveFunwithYourCat D.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了猫通过叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物来表达需求、评估环境和展示爱意。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(声音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.(动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。例如，几乎所有的动物都有独特的声音，它们依靠这些声音来寻求帮助，吓跑危险的动物或寻找庇护。)”和“Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.(猫宝宝一出生就开始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是为了引起妈妈的注意和被喂食。)”可知，猫叫声是一种生存技能。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.(猫有许多敏锐的感官，但它们的嗅觉令人印象深刻。它们用鼻子来评估周围的环境，寻找任何危险的迹象。)”可知，宠物猫通过检查气味来评估不同情况。故选C。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前半句“Dogs

are

known

for

their

impressive

fetching

habit,

(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名)”和后句“Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.(许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人。)”可知，狗以取回东西而闻名，但猫可以从外边找到东西带回来，因此在这一行为上更上一层楼。短语take

...

up

a

notch是用来形容猫在带回东西这一行为上做得更好或更出色。故选D。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Animals

can

express

their

needs

using

a

lot

of

ways.(动物可以用很多方式来表达他们的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介绍和解释猫的各种行为方式，包括叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物的习惯，以及这些行为背后的原因和意义。所以“UnderstandingYourCat’sBehavior(了解你的猫的行为)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。CScientistsfromUNSWSydneyhavedevelopedagroundbreakingmethodtotacklethecommonproblemof“foreverchemicals”inwater.Thesechemicals,knownscientificallyaspolyfluoroalkylsubstances(PFAS),aredifficulttobreakdown,causingsignificantenvironmentalandhealthrisks.Thenewmethodinvolvesanovelcatalyst(催化剂)systemthatpromisesamoreefficientandsustainablesolution,forbreakingdownthesecompounds.PFASarewidelyusedinvariousindustriesduetotheirresistancetoheat,water,andoil.They’refoundinproductssuchascookware,foodpackagingandclothing.Theirwidespreadusehasledtoglobalpollutionofwatersourcesandsoil.AstudyhasshownthatalmosthalfofAmericatapwaterispollutedwithalarminglevelsofPFAS,raisingconcernsabouttheirenvironmentalandhealthimpacts.PFASarecalled“foreverchemicals”becausetheirstablechemicalstructuremakesthemresistanttodegradation.Thatmeanstheypersistintheenvironmentandaccumulateinthehumanbody,potentiallyleadingtoharmfulhealthoutcomes.CurrentmethodstoremovePFASfromwatersuchasactivatedcarbonabsorptionhavesignificantdeficiencies.ActivatedcarboncanabsorbPFASbutrequiresburningtodestroythechemicals,whichisenvironmentallyharmful.OxidizingagentscanbreakdownPFASintosmaller,morepersistentstructures,complicatingtheremovalprocess.Thesemethodsareinefficientandnotenvironmentallyfriendly,highlightingtheneedforbettersolutions.ThecatalystsystemdevelopedbyDr.JunSuncanbreakthestrongcarbon-fluoride(强碳氟键)bondsinPFAS,usingnanozero-valentmetals(纳米零价金属)combinedwithacatalystinspiredbythestructureofvitaminB12.ThesystemwastestedoncommonPFAScompoundslikebranchedPFOS,showingimpressiveresults.Dr.Sunexplained,“Thenewsystemwe’vedevelopedshowssuccessfulPFASmeasurestosolvewaterpollutioninthelab,whichwehopetoeventuallytestatlargerscales.”Withinfivehours,thenewmethodachieveda7%breakdownofPFAS,significantlyoutperformingexistingB12-basedcatalysts,whichmanagedlessthan8%breakdowninthesameperiod.Whilefurtherresearchisneededbeforethemethodcanbeappliedonalargescale,theteamisoptimistic.Theyplantoconductmoretestsandexploreintegratingthecatalystintoelectro-chemicalcellsforbroaderapplication.8.WhatdoweknowaboutPFAS?A.Theyarecommonchemicals.B.Theyareharmlesscompounds.C.Theyarewidelyusedinagriculture.D.Theydamagetheearthinmanyaspects.9.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“deficiencies”inParagraph3?A.Strength. B.Shortcoming. C.Difference. D.Diversity.10.Whatistheteam’splanforthefutureofthenewmethod?A.TofindothersubstitutesofPFAS.B.Toapplyitonalargescaleimmediately.C.Totestitmorebeforeputtingittousewidely.D.Todevelopnewchemicalshavingsimilarfeatures.11.Whatisthemainpointofthepassage?A.“Foreverchemicals”inwatercanbebrokendown.B.Acatalystsystemissavinghumanfromdisasters.C.Pollutedwaterwillbesafetodrinkinthefuture.D.PFAScanbeusedinmoreindustriesinfuture.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新南威尔士大学悉尼分校的科学家开发出一种突破性方法来处理水中“永久性化学物质”——全氟烷基物质（PFAS）。文章阐述了PFAS的广泛使用导致环境污染及对健康的潜在危害，现有处理方法的不足，以及新催化系统分解PFAS的原理、效果和未来计划。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theirwidespreadusehasledtoglobalpollutionofwatersourcesandsoil.AstudyhasshownthatalmosthalfofAmericatapwaterispollutedwithalarminglevelsofPFAS,raisingconcernsabouttheirenvironmentalandhealthimpacts.PFASarecalled“foreverchemicals”becausetheirstablechemicalstructuremakesthemresistanttodegradation.Thatmeanstheypersistintheenvironmentandaccumulateinthehumanbody,potentiallyleadingtoharmfulhealthoutcomes.(它们的广泛使用已导致全球水源和土壤受到污染。一项研究表明，近半数美国自来水受到了令人担忧的全氟烷基物质（PFAS）污染，这引发了人们对其环境影响和健康危害的担忧。PFAS之所以被称为“永久性化学物质”，是因为其稳定的化学结构使其难以降解。这意味着它们会在环境中持续存在，并在人体内积累，有可能对健康造成不良后果)”可知，PFAS在很多方面对地球造成损害。故选D。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“ActivatedcarboncanabsorbPFASbutrequiresburningtodestroythechemicals,whichisenvironmentallyharmful.OxidizingagentscanbreakdownPFASintosmaller,morepersistentstructures,complicatingtheremovalprocess.Thesemethodsareinefficientandnotenvironmentallyfriendly,highlightingtheneedforbettersolutions.(活性炭可以吸收PFAS，但需要燃烧来破坏这些化学物质，这对环境有害。氧化剂可以将PFAS分解成更小、更持久的结构，使去除过程变得复杂。这些方法效率低下且不环保，凸显了对更好解决方案的需求)”可知，此处说的是当前去除PFAS方法的不足。所以划线词的意思为“缺点”与shortcoming同义。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whilefurtherresearchisneededbeforethemethodcanbeappliedonalargescale,theteamisoptimistic.Theyplantoconductmoretestsandexploreintegratingthecatalystintoelectro-chemicalcellsforbroaderapplication.(虽然在大规模应用该方法之前还需要进一步研究，但该团队持乐观态度。他们计划进行更多测试，并探索将该催化剂整合到电化学电池中以实现更广泛的应用)”可知，团队未来计划在广泛使用该新方法之前进行更多测试。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“ScientistsfromUNSWSydneyhavedevelopedagroundbreakingmethodtotacklethecommonproblemof“foreverchemicals”inwater.Thesechemicals,knownscientificallyaspolyfluoroalkylsubstances(PFAS),aredifficulttobreakdown,causingsignificantenvironmentalandhealthrisks.Thenewmethodinvolvesanovelcatalyst(催化剂)systemthatpromisesamoreefficientandsustainablesolution,forbreakingdownthesecompounds.(悉尼新南威尔士大学的科学家们研发出一种突破性方法，用于解决水中“永久化学品”这一常见问题。这些被科学称为全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的化学品难以分解，会造成重大的环境和健康风险。这种新方法采用了一种新型催化剂体系，有望为分解这些化合物提供更高效、更可持续的解决方案)”可知，文章主要介绍了新南威尔士大学悉尼分校的科学家开发出一种突破性方法来处理水中“永久性化学物质”——全氟烷基物质（PFAS）。文章阐述了PFAS的广泛使用导致环境污染及对健康的潜在危害，现有处理方法的不足，以及新催化系统分解PFAS的原理、效果和未来计划。所以短文主要关于水中的“永久性化学物质”是可以被分解的。故选A。DMynameisLucasvanderZeeandI’mworkingatWageningenUniversity,theNetherlands.Farmingtodayisnotsustainable,withitsgreenhouse-gasemissionsanditsdestructionofwildlifehabitats.AgriculturenowtakesuphalfofEarth’slandsurfaceattheexpenseofthesehabitats.Therefore,Ihopetorestorecurrentfarmlandtoitsnaturalstatebyendingthevegetationstageofcrop-growing.Developingsustainablefoodproductionwillrequiremultipleapproaches.MyPhDresearchatWageningenUniversityintheNetherlandsisinspiredbyalternative,indoormethodsoffoodproduction,suchasfarmingleafygreenvegetablesvertically(垂直地)andgrowingmeatinalaboratory.Iwonderedifyoucangrowmeatwithoutananimal,canyougrowfruitwithoutaplant?Thiscouldbedoneinside,whichmighthelpustoreturnsomeagriculturallandtonature.Duringmymaster’sprogrammeinagriculturalengineering,Idiscussedindoorfruitproductionwithmyprofessor.Heinvitedmetowriteamaster’sthesis(论文)onthesubjectofgrowingfruitswithouttheplant.Now,we’retestingthisidea.ThemaintaskofmyPhDistocollectimmature(不成熟的)fruitorflowersfromtomatoplants,andtrytogrowthemintohealthy,high-qualitytomatoesinthelab.Ultimately,wewanttoproducefruitfromtomatocells,fromwhichnewplantorganscangrowandskipusingaplantentirely.Ihaveachievedsomeoftheearlyresultsofmyresearch,whenIwastestingdifferentgrowingconditionsatdifferentstagesoftomatodevelopment.Thelightingisanenergy-efficiencymeasure;weuseblueandredLEDs,thebestcoloursforphotosynthesis(光合作用).Somepeoplegetexcitedaboutthepossibilitiesofmywork,butmostarehesitant,whichIunderstand.Inthepast,peoplehaverushedintousingfoodtechnologies,suchascage-grownchickensandtheextensiveuseofsyntheticfertilizer,withoutconsideringthepotentialdisadvantages.AnimportantpartofmyPhDprogrammewillbetoassessthesustainabilityofmymethod.12.Howaretheauthor’swaystogrowfruit?A.Expensive. B.Troublesome. C.Convenient. D.Meaningful.13.Whatdidtheauthor’sprofessorreacttohiswaysofgrowingfruit?A.Heshowedgreatinterestinthem. B.Heexpressedalittledoubttothem.C.Heaskedhimtopracticethemquickly. D.Hewroteathesisaboutthesubject.14.Howdoestheauthorproducetomatoes?A.Byusingonlyalittleagriculturalland. B.Byusingmuchsunforphotosynthesis.C.Bymakinguseofcellsfromtomatoes. D.Bymakinguseofawholeplant.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardpastfoodtechnologies?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了LucasvanderZee致力于研究室内无植物种植技术，以期实现可持续农业发展，并介绍了他的研究内容与理念。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Iwonderedifyoucangrowmeatwithoutananimal,canyougrowfruitwithoutaplant?Thiscouldbedoneinside,whichmighthelpustoreturnsomeagriculturallandtonature.(我想知道，如果你能在没有动物的情况下种植肉类，那么你能否在没有植物的情况下种植水果呢？这可以在室内完成，这可能有助于我们将一些农业用地归还给大自然)”以及后文作者的研究和实践可推知，作者种植水果的方式是有意义的，旨在将农田恢复自然状态。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Duringmymaster’sprogrammeinagriculturalengineering,Idiscussedindoorfruitproductionwithmyprofessor.Heinvitedmetowriteamaster’sthesis(论文)onthesubjectofgrowingfruitswithouttheplant.(在攻读农业工程硕士学位期间，我与我的教授讨论了室内水果生产的问题。他邀请我就无植物水果种植这一主题撰写一篇硕士论文)”可知，教授邀请作者就无植物培育水果的主题撰写硕士论文，表明教授对该方法表现出浓厚兴趣。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“ThemaintaskofmyPhDistocollectimmature(不成熟的)fruitorflowersfromtomatoplants,andtrytogrowthemintohealthy,high-qualitytomatoesinthelab.Ultimately,wewanttoproducefruitfromtomatocells,fromwhichnewplantorganscangrowandskipusingaplantentirely.(我博士研究的主要任务是从番茄植株上收集未成熟的果实或花朵，并尝试在实验室里将它们培育成健康、高质量的番茄。最终，我们希望从番茄细胞中生产出果实，从中可以生长出新的植物器官，并完全跳过使用植物的过程)”可知，作者是通过利用番茄细胞来生产番茄的。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Somepeoplegetexcitedaboutthepossibilitiesofmywork,butmostarehesitant,whichIunderstand.Inthepast,peoplehaverushedintousingfoodtechnologies,suchascage-grownchickensandtheextensiveuseofsyntheticfertilizer,withoutconsideringthepotentialdisadvantages.(有些人对我的工作可能性感到兴奋，但大多数人都很犹豫，这我可以理解。在过去，人们急于采用食品技术，如笼养鸡和广泛使用合成肥料，而没有考虑其潜在的缺点)”可推知，作者对过去的食品技术持怀疑态度，认为人们在采用这些技术时没有充分考虑其潜在的缺点。故选C。第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport.____16____Butitisalsoanincrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell.Itisveryeasytoself-destruct(自我毁灭)whenplayingtennisifyouletyourexpectationsandegogetthebetterofyou.So,simplyplayingtheballthatisinfrontofyouisthesimplestwaytoapproachthegame,alongwithtakingeachpointatatime.Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.____17____Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyouropponent’sbackhandasmuchaspossible,oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(对角线球)ballsasyoucan,itisimportanttohaveaplanofattackifyouwanttobesuccessfulonthecourt.____18____Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyouaren’tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteitoryouropponentcottonson(领悟)whatyou’retryingtodo,you’llneedtoadapt,improviseandovercome.Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisallpartofbecomingabettertennisplayer!____19____Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilient(坚韧的)toplaygoodtennisandovercomehardship.Don’tbetoomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemgetyoudown.Tennisisalsoaboutplayingthebigpointswellandunderstandingthatnotallpointsholdthesameweightacrossthecourseofamatch.Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositiveattitudecanbeverydifficulttodo.____20____A.However,beingflexibleisalsoimportant.B.Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.C.However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.D.Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.E.Everybackhandshotyouhitiswhatyouthrowatyouropponent.F.Perhapsthemostobviousbenefitstennisoffersarethephysicalones.G.Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucanwinmorepointsandstillloseamatch!【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.G20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打网球的一些策略和方法。【16题详析】根据上文“Tennisisanincrediblymentalsport.”（网球是一项令人难以置信的脑力运动。）引出话题，提到网球是脑力运动。以及下文“Butitisalsoanincrediblydifficultsporttoplaywell.”（但这也是一项非常困难的运动。）结合选项D项Itcanbringwithitawholehostofphysicalandmentalbenefits.（它可以带来一系列的身体和精神上的好处。）可知，承接上文内容，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【17题详析】根据上文“Thatbeingsaid,itismucheasiersaidthandone.”（话虽如此，说起来容易做起来难。）提到说起来容易做起来难。以及下文“Evenifitisassimpleasplayingtoyouropponent’sbackhandasmuchaspossible,oraimingtohitasmanycrosscourt(对角线球)ballsasyoucan,itisimportanttohaveaplanofattackifyouwanttobesuccessfulonthecourt.”（即使是尽可能多地打对手的反手球，或者尽可能多地打交叉球这样简单的事情，如果你想在球场上取得成功，有一个进攻计划是很重要的。）说明具体的方法和策略。结合选项B项Youwillalwayshavetohavesomeformofstrategy.（你总是需要某种形式的策略。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选B项。【18题详析】由该句为该段句首可知，为总结该段的内容。该段下文“Youmayhavethebestplanintheworld,butifyouaren’tperformingwellenoughtoexecuteitoryouropponentcottonson(领悟)whatyou’retryingtodo,you’llneedtoadapt,improviseandovercome.Adaptingtonewconditions,courtsurfaces,ballsandplayingstylesisallpartofbecomingabettertennisplayer!”（你可能有世界上最好的计划，但是如果你的表现不够好，或者你的对手不知道你想要做什么，你就需要适应、即兴发挥和克服。适应新的条件，球场表面，球和打法都是成为一个更好的网球运动员的一部分！）可知，主要讲的是需要适应即兴发挥。结合选项A项However,beingflexibleisalsoimportant.（然而，灵活性也很重要。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。【19题详析】根据下文“Thismeansyouneedtobeincrediblyresilienttoplaygoodtennisandovercomehardship.Don’tbetoomuchbotheredbysomepointsyoulose.Justlearnfromyourmistakesbutnotletthemgetyoudown.”（这意味着你需要非常有韧性才能打好网球，克服困难。不要太在意你丢掉的分数。从错误中吸取教训，但不要让它们击垮你。）说明不要太在意你丢掉的分数。结合选项G项Thescoringsystemintennismeansyoucanwinmorepointsandstillloseamatch!（网球的计分系统意味着你可以赢得更多的分数，但仍然会输掉比赛！）可知，上下文紧密连接，其中下文中的This指的就是空格处的内容，符合语境。故选G项。【20题详析】根据上文“Puttingdisappointmentbehindyouandtryingtoplaythenextpointwithapositiveattitudecanbeverydifficulttodo.”（把失望抛在脑后，努力以积极的态度打下一分，这是很难做到的。）说明努力以积极的态度打下一分。结合选项C项However,itisakeypartofbecomingabettertennisplayer.（然而，这是成为一个更好的网球运动员的关键部分。）可知，承接上文内容，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Early2024wassounforgettableforTaylorMacMahon.Itwasa___21___time.The21-year-oldcollegestudentsaidshewas“strugglingwithsomeintenseanxietyand___22___,whichledtophysicalhealthissues.”SoMacMahondecidedtoseek___23___fromadoctor.Thediagnosis(诊断)shereceived—chronic(慢性的)anxiety—wasn’tmuchofa___24___,butthetreatmentherdoctorprovidedwas.“Sheliterallytoldmeto___25___grass,”MacMahon___26___,butherdoctorwasbeingserious.“ShetoldmethenexttimeIwas___27___withworry,tostopwhatIwasdoing,go___28___,takemyshoesoffandputmyfeetinthegrass.Shesaiditwouldbeeffective.”MacMahonwas___29___atfirst,butshedecidedtofollowherdoctor’sadviceandwassurprisedtodiscoverhowwell—andquickly—itworked.Simplybeingoutdoors____30____heranxiety.Sowhenoneofherprofessorssuggestedshe____31____asummercoursecalledNatureImmersionandHumanWell-Being,she____32____theopportunity.ForoneweekatColoradoStateUniversity’smountaincampus,sheexperiencedallkindsofhealingthrough____33____innature,fromhikingtoswimmingtoclimbingtreestosittingaroundthecampfire.“Ilearnednotjustthatnatureworksasa____34____formentalandphysicalproblems,buthowandwhyitworks,”shesays.“Thatweekwas____35____.Itfeltmagical.”21.A.tough B.golden C.free D.right22.A.confusion B.calmness C.depression D.indifference23.A.permission B.assistance C.justice D.protection24.A.surprise B.plan C.wonder D.signal25.A.plant B.touch C.cut D.burn26.A.agreed B.promised C.cried D.laughed27.A.mixed B.equipped C.consumed D.concerned28.A.ahead B.inside C.online D.outside29.A.doubtful B.supportive C.enthusiastic D.pessimistic30.A.released B.worsened C.caused D.expressed31.A.offer B.teach C.attend D.design32.A.turneddown B.jumpedat C.missedout D.foughtfor33.A.objects B.systems C.patterns D.activities34.A.test B.source C.cure D.response35.A.jaw-dropping B.life-changing C.eye-catching D.time-consuming【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.B26.D27.C28.D29.A30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍泰勒·麦克马洪因焦虑而就医，遵医嘱接触自然缓解症状并参加相关课程的经历。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一段艰难的时光。A.tough艰难的；B.golden黄金的；C.free自由的；D.right正确的。根据下文“strugglingwithsomeintenseanxiety”可知，她在与强烈的焦虑作斗争，因此这段时间是“艰难的”符合语境。故选A项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位21岁的大学生说她“在与一些强烈的焦虑和抑郁作斗争，这导致了身体健康问题”。A.confusion困惑；B.calmness平静；C.depression抑郁；D.indifference冷漠。根据并列关系及下文的“whichledtophysicalhealthissues.”可知，与焦虑并列且导致健康问题的应是“抑郁”符合语境。故选C项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以麦克马洪决定向医生寻求帮助。A.permission允许；B.assistance帮助；C.justice正义；D.protection保护。根据下文的“Thediagnosis(诊断)shereceived—chronic(慢性的)anxiety”可知，医生给她诊断的是慢性焦虑症，由此可知，此处指的是她因健康问题向医生寻求“帮助”符合语境。故选B项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她收到的诊断——慢性焦虑——并不太令人惊讶，但她的医生提供的治疗却令人惊讶。A.surprise惊讶；B.plan计划；C.wonder奇迹；D.signal信号。根据上文的“The21-year-oldcollegestudentsaidshewas“strugglingwithsomeintenseanxietyand______,whichledtophysicalhealthissues.””可知，麦克马洪说在与一些强烈的焦虑和抑郁作斗争，由此可知，麦克马洪知道自己换上了焦虑症，由此可知，此处指的是诊断结果在意料之中，所以“不令人惊讶”符合语境。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她简直是告诉我去触摸草地，”麦克马洪笑着说，但她的医生是认真的。A.plant种植；B.touch触摸；C.cut切割；D.burn燃烧。根据下文“takemyshoesoffandputmyfeetinthegrass.”可知，医生建议脱下鞋子把脚放在草地上，由此可知，建议她与草地接触，即“触摸”符合语境。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.agreed同意；B.promised承诺；C.cried哭泣；D.laughed笑。根据“butherdoctorwasbeingserious”可知，医生是认真的，上下文之间为转折关系，由此可知推断，此处指的是起初她认为医生的建议可笑，所以“笑着说”符合逻辑。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，下次当我被忧虑吞噬时，停下正在做的事情，到外面去，脱下鞋子，把脚放在草地上。A.mixed混合；B.equipped装备；C.consumed吞噬；D.concerned关心。根据下文的“withworry”以及“Shesaiditwouldbeeffective.”可知，此处是医生给她提的建议，认为这么做是有效的，由此可推断，此处指被忧虑“吞噬”，即陷入强烈焦虑中时，应采取的措施。故选C项。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.ahead向前；B.inside里面；C.online在线；D.outside外面。根据下文的“putmyfeetinthegrass”可知，需要到“外面”接触草地。故选D项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：麦克马洪一开始很怀疑，但她决定听从医生的建议，惊讶地发现它效果很好，而且很快。A.doubtful怀疑的；B.supportive支持的；C.enthusiastic热情的；D.pessimistic悲观的。根据下文的“butshedecidedtofollowherdoctor’sadvice”可知，她决定听从医生的建议，结合but可知，此处指的是起初她对建议持“怀疑”态度，符合逻辑。故选A项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅仅是待在户外就缓解了她的焦虑。A.released缓解；B.worsened恶化；C.caused引起；D.expressed表达。根据上文的“andwassurprisedtodiscoverhowwell—andquickly—itworked.”可知，她发现效果很好，由此可知，接触自然“缓解”了焦虑，符合语境。故选A项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，当她的一位教授建议她参加一门名为“自然沉浸与人类福祉”的暑期课程时，她欣然接受了这个机会。A.offer提供；B.teach教授；C.attend参加；D.design设计。根据下文的“asummercourse”以及“ForoneweekatColoradoStateUniversity’smountaincampus,sheexperiencedallkindsofhealingthrough______innature,fromhikingtoswimmingtoclimbingtreestosittingaroundthecampfire.”可知，此处介绍了上课的情况，由此可知，此处指的是教授建议她“参加”课程，attendacourse意为“参加课程”为固定搭配。故选C项。【32题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.turneddown拒绝；B.jumpedat欣然接受；C.missedout错过；D.foughtfor争取。根据下文的“sheexperiencedallkindsofhealingthrough______innature,fromhikingtoswimmingtoclimbingtreestosittingaroundthecampfire.”可知，她体验到了各种治愈的课程，由此可知，此处指的是她“欣然接受”了课程机会。故选B项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在科罗拉多州立大学的山区校区，她通过在大自然中的各种活动体验了各种治愈，从徒步旅行到游泳，再到爬树，再到围坐在营火旁。A.objects物体；B.systems系统；C.patterns模式；D.activities活动。根据下文的“fromhikingtoswimmingtoclimbingtreestosittingaroundthecampfire.”可知，这些均为“活动”。故选D项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不仅了解到自然可以治愈身心问题，还了解到它是如何以及为什么起作用的，”她说，“那一周改变了我的生活。感觉很神奇。”A.test测试；B.source来源；C.cure治愈；D.response回应。根据上文的“ForoneweekatColoradoStateUniversity’smountaincampus,sheexperiencedallkindsofhealing”可知，自然是身心问题的“治愈”方式。故选C项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.jaw-dropping令人震惊的；B.life-changing改变生活的；C.eye-catching引人注目的；D.time-consuming耗时的。根据下文的“Itfeltmagical.”及课程对她的影响可知，这一周是“改变生活的”，符合语境。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。London’sfoodscenehaswitnessedaninrushnotonlyoftraditionalCantonese(广东的)restaurantsbutalsoadiverserangeofregionalChinesecuisines.Fordecades,London’sChinatow