英语冠词讲解-教案

冠词冠词G名词巧学善记巧学善记一需加定冠词的几种情况.特指双熟悉,上文已提及;世上独无二,序数最高级;某些专有名,习语及乐器.二不用冠词的几种情况.下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前;颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔.定冠词用法小结口诀：1.有水无湖：海、洋、海湾、河等，都用the;单个湖不用the,(但多个湖用the);theRedSea,thePacificOcean,thePersianGulf,theYangtzeRiverTheGreatLakes(五大湖）；LakeErie(伊利湖）2.有球无星：地球，月亮用the;行星不用the:Mars,Venus;3.有山无峰：TheHuangshanMountains(黄山）；MountEverest(珠穆朗玛峰）；Mount(orMt.)Tai(泰山）.4.有独无欧（偶）：独一无二的，theearth,themoon,thesun用the;欧洲等七大洲不用the.Europe,Africa,Asia,NorthAmerica,SouthAmerica,Antarctica,Oceania5.有（足）族无球（运动）：种族用the:theIndians(印第安人)；球类运动baseball,basketball6.有文无章：历史性的文件用the;小说等的章节不用the:TheConstitution(宪法）;chapterone7.学而不专：学校放在词组的前面时用the;专有名词放在词组的前面时不用the;TheUniversityofFudan;Fudan解析：冠词是一种虚词，是最典型的限定词，本身不能单独使用，只能附在一个名词前帮助说明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有定冠词the和不定冠词a、an两种：

a和an的意思相同，区别是a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。不定冠词仅用在可数名词单数前，用来表示“—”的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词是不特定的。定冠词则表示名词是特定的。表示“这，这些，那，那些”的意思，在可数名词的单数、复数前和不可数名词前都可以用。1.不定冠词的基本用法（1）不定冠词有a和an两种：a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的词前。如：aboy,anapple,anoldman,atallelephant（2）用来表示“—”的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词是不特定的。即不具体说明是何人何物。如：Ateacherislookingforyou.（没有特别指明是哪个老师）Weworkfivedaysaweek.（没有特别指出是哪个星期）（3）不定冠词含有“—”的意思，但数量观念没有one强烈，在句子里边一般可以不必译出，但若有“一个”的意思则译出。如：Anorangeisgoodforyou.桔子对你有好处。—Howmuchisit?多少钱？—Twoyuanakilo.二元一公斤。（4）一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或事物的某一种类。如：Billisastudent.Passmeanapple,please.（5）用在某些固定词组中。如：alotof,amomentago,afew,alittle2.定冠词的用法（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。如：Thebookonthedeskismine.Showmethephotoofthegirl,please.（2）指双方都知道的人或事物。如：Openthedoor,please.请开门。Didyouseetheboy?你看见那个男孩了吗？（3）指前文提到的人或事物。如：Helivesonafarm.Thefarmisnotbig.他住在农场，这农场不大。Therearesomedogs.Thedogsareverylovely.这儿有一些狗。这些狗很可爱。（4）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.太阳比月亮大些。但这些名词作为描绘性定语时，可用不定冠词。如：Look!Aredsunisrising.瞧！一轮红日正在升起。（5）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：Thefirstislandisthebiggestofthethree.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（6）用在用普通名词构成的党派，国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。如：TheywillvisittheGreatWallnextweek.TheycametotheUnitedStatesofAmericalastyear.TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.（7）用在形容词前表示一类人，the+形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义，所以其后动词应用复数形式。如：Theoldaresick.（8）用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。如：TheSmithshavemovedtoLondon.（9）用在某些习惯用语中。如：inthemorning,ontheleft,thedaybeforeyesterday,allthesame3.不用冠词的情况（1）星期、月份、季节、节日前一般不用冠词。但是中国传统节日前习惯用冠词。如：Allofuslikethespringfestival.我们喜欢春节。It’sSundaytoday.今天是星期天。HewasbornonJune12,1999.他出生于1999年6TodayisFather’sDay.今天是父亲节。Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?冬天来了，春天还会远吗？但是如果被一个限制性定语修饰或有表示继续的介词during,through时与表示一段特定的时间，则在季节前要加定冠词。如：ShecametoShanghaiinthespringof1987.她是一九八七年春天来上海的。TheschoolwascompletedintheSeptemberof2000.这学校是2000年9月落成的。Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.他夏天的每一天都游泳。虽不特指某一年的季节，但说话人把某季节看作一年的一部分，即一年的某一段时间。则在季节前要加定冠词。如：Weplayfootballinthewinter.（2）在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。如：Mr.Liisourheadmaster.李先生是我们的校长。AfterlunchAuntHuangcamein.午饭后黄阿姨来了。（3）各词复数表示一类人或事物时。但若各词复数被一个限制性定语修饰，则要加定冠词the.如：Ilikecakesverymuch.我非常喜欢蛋糕。MyfatherandmotherarethedoctorsinPeople’sHospitalof（4）在三餐饭，球类运动与棋类游戏，学科名称的名词前。但若表示某一种或某一个特定的概念时用冠词。如：Hehadsupperwithusyesterday.It’saverygoodsupper.他昨天和我们吃晚饭，这是一顿丰盛的晚餐。Mybrotherlikestoplayfootball.我兄弟喜欢踢足球。Let’sgoandwatchthemplaychess.让我们去看他们下棋。（5）在物质名词，抽象名词，人名，地名等专有名词和不可数名词前。但若不可数各词有其它限制词修饰时，则要加定冠词the.如:Smithisourteacher.史密思是我们的老师。Milkisgoodforus.牛奶对我们有好处。Thewaterinthepoolisverydirty.坑里的水很脏。（6）名词前已有作定语的this、that、my、your、some、any、等限定词时。如:Comethisway,please.I’vesomequestiontoaskyou.Exercise:一、请用适当的冠词填空，不需填处打×。

1．BillGatesisoneof________richestmenintheworld．

2．Heenjoysplaying________golf，________bridgeand________

piano．

3．Billiseating________orange．________orangeis________

orange．Wealllike________oranges．

4．________boyunder________treeis________honestboy．

5．________firstdayofaweekisSunday．

6．Ihave________uncle．Hehas________usefulbook，buthe

doesn'thave________umbrella．

7．Wecansee________sunin________daytimeand________

moonat________night．

二、用a,an,the或/填空。_______TVset_______egg_______elephant（）catcancatchmice.Theantis()insect.Lucyspends()hourdoingherhomeworkeveryday.Bob'sfatheris()engineer.Johnis()honestboy.Ioftenwatch_______TVin_______evening．It'stoohot．Open_______door，please．_______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China．Thereis_______womanoverthere．_______womanisMeimei'smother．Theywentto_______People'sPark，butwebothwentto_______People'sCinemayesterday.Heoftengoesto_______schoolby_______bike．三、选择Wecan'tsee_____sunat_____night．A．the；theB．the；／

C．a；／

D．／；／____GreatWallis____longestwallintheworld．A．A；a

B．The；the

C．A；the

D．The；aDoesTomoftenplay____footballafter____school？A．／；／B．／；the

C．the；／

D．a；／Hisfatheris____Englishteacher．Heworksinourschool．A．a

B．an

C．the

D．／Shehas_____orangeskirt．_____skirtisnice．A．a；TheB．an；The

C．an；A

D．the；TheThisis____apple．It's____bigapple．A．an；a

B．a；the

C．a；an

D．an；theDon'tplay_____basketballhere．It'sdangerous．A．a

B．an

C．／

D．theBillis___Englishteacher．Helikesplaying____football．A．a；theB．an；theC．a；／D．an／Thereis___oldbike．___oldbikeisMrZhao's．A．an；The

B．the；AnC．a；The

D．theThe10．—DoesJimhave_______ruler？—Yes，hehas_______．A．an；someB．a；oneC．a；／D．any；one11．Thereis_______oldbike．_______oldbikeisMrZhao's．A．an；TheB．the；AnC．a；TheD．the；The12．_______appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway．A．TheB．AC．AnD．Two13．—Howmanybooksdoyouhave？—Ihave_______book．That's_______Englishbook．A．a；anB．a；oneC．one；anD．one；one14．AtthattimeTomwas_______one-year-oldbaby．A．aB．anC．theD．／15．_______tigeris_______China．A．The；aB．A；theC．The；fromD．The；the16．Wecan'tsee_______sunat_______night．A．the；theB．the；／C．a；／D．／；／17．_______usefulbookitis！A．WhatanB．HowaC．WhataD．What18．Oneafternoonhefound_______handbag．Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof_______handbag．A．a；an；theB．a；a；theC．an；an；anD．the；a；a19．_______oldladywithwhitehairspoke_______Englishwellat_______meeting．A．An；an；aB．The；／；anC．The；／；aD．The；／；the20．_______GreatWallis_______longestwallintheworld．A．A；aB．The；theC．A；theD．The；a21．_______newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver．A．The；aB．A；／C．A；theD．An；the22．_______womanoverthereis_______popularteacherinourschool．A．A；anB．The；aC．The；theD．A；the23．Heusedtobe_______teacherbutlaterheturned_______writer．A．a；aB．a；theC．／；aD．a；／24．Theymadehim_______king．A．aB．theC．anD．／25．Hisfatheris_______Englishteacher．Heworksinourschool．A．aB．anC．theD．／Homework一、请用适当的冠词填空，不需填处打×。

1．Wehavethreemeals________day．Wehave________lunchin

________middleof________day．

2．________daybeforeyesterdayweplayed________basketball

for________hour．

3．LiMinghastwobrothers．Oneis________teacher，________

otheris________doctor．Theystudiedin________university．

4．________Greensareon________visitto________beautiful

cityinChina．

5．Thereis________pictureon________wall．Itis________

nicepicture．Ilike________pictureverymuch．

6．Thereisgoingtobe________Englishtest________next

week．

7．June1stis________Children'sDay．8．Thereis________“u”and________“s”intheword“use”．

二、选择1．Ishe_______Americanboy？A．anB．aC．oneD．／2．DoesTomoftenplay_______footballafter_______school？A．／；／B．／；theC．the；／D．a；／3．Theypassedourschool_______daybeforeyesterday．A．anB．oneC．aD．the4．Australiais_______English-speakingcountry．A．aB．anC．theD．／5．Thisis_______apple．It's_______bigapple．A．an；aB．a；theC．a；anD．an；the6．Lookat_______horseoverthere．A．aB．anC．theD．／7．Don'tplay_______basketballhere．It'sdangerous．A．aB．anC．／D．the8．Thereis_______oldwomaninthecar．A．／B．theC．aD．an9．Beijingis_______beautifulcity．It's_______capitalofChina．A．a；a