2025年托福考试阅读真题模拟模拟试卷：社会问题挑战

2025年托福考试阅读真题模拟模拟试卷：社会问题挑战考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、选词填空要求：仔细阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容，为每个空格选择一个最合适的单词，将答案填写在答题卡上。文章中每处空白都有多个选项，但只有一个选项是最佳答案。这个题目可不容易哦，需要你真正理解文章的意思，不能只看表面。Therapidgrowthofcitiesaroundtheworldhasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Ontheonehand,citiesoffermorejobs,bettereducation,andaccesstohealthcare,whichattractpeoplefromruralareasinsearchofabetterlife.Ontheotherhand,urbanizationcanleadtoovercrowding,pollution,andsocialinequality.Theseproblemscanhaveseriousconsequencesfortheenvironmentandforthewell-beingofcitydwellers.Manycitiesarefacingdifficultiesinprovidingenoughhousing,cleanwater,andsanitationfortheirgrowingpopulations.Trafficcongestionisanothermajorissue,causinglongcommutesandincreasingairpollution.Inaddition,thegapbetweentherichandthepooriswidening,creatingsocialtensionsandreducingsocialcohesion.Ifthesechallengesarenotaddressed,citiesmaybecomeunsustainableandunsafeplacestolive.Governments,businesses,andindividualsallhavearoletoplayinfindingsolutionstotheseproblems.Sustainableurbanplanning,investmentinpublictransportation,andthepromotionofgreenspacesaresomeofthestrategiesthatcanhelpmakecitiesmorelivableandequitable.Byworkingtogether,wecancreatecitiesthatarevibrant,sustainable,andinclusiveforeveryone.1.A)increasedB)decreasingC)limitedD)stabilizedE)fluctuatingF)expandingG)shrinkingH)concentrated2.A)facilitiesB)resourcesC)servicesD)infrastructureE)opportunitiesF)amenitiesG)systemsH)networks3.A)strainB)stressC)demandD)pressureE)challengeF)crisisG)issueH)problem4.A)trafficB)transportationC)commuteD)movementE)flowF)congestionG)transitH)route5.A)improvingB)increasingC)expandingD)wideningE)reducingF)narrowingG)growingH)broadening6.A)sustainableB)environmentallyfriendlyC)eco-friendlyD)greenE)cleanF)renewableG)non-renewableH)sustainable7.A)rolesB)responsibilitiesC)partsD)functionsE)dutiesF)obligationsG)tasksH)positions8.A)addressedB)solvedC)resolvedD)tackledE)handledF)managedG)resolvedH)controlled9.A)strategiesB)plansC)approachesD)methodsE)techniquesF)solutionsG)tacticsH)measures10.A)vibrantB)livelyC)dynamicD)energeticE)bustlingF)activeG)vibrantH)vibrant二、段落匹配要求：下面的段落（11-15）分别与上文中的A-H段相对应。请将每个段落的编号填写在相应的空白处。注意，有些段落可能对应多个上文中的段落，有些段落可能没有对应。这个题目需要你仔细阅读每个段落，并找到与之最匹配的上文段落。11.Citiesarebecomingmorecrowdedduetothenumberofpeoplemovingfromruralareas.12.Theenvironmentcanbenegativelyaffectedbyurbanizationifpropermeasuresarenottaken.13.Itisimportantforgovernments,businesses,andindividualstoworktogethertosolveurbanproblems.14.Providingenoughhousingandcleanwaterisamajorchallengeformanycities.15.Investmentinpublictransportationcanhelpreducetrafficcongestionandpollution.三、句子填空要求：下面的文章中有十个空白，每个空白处都有三个选项。根据文章内容，选择最合适的句子填入空白处，使文章意思完整、通顺。注意，每个选项只能使用一次，并且有些选项可能不会使用。这个题目有点难度，需要你仔细思考每个空格应该填什么，不能凭感觉乱选哦。Manycitiesaroundtheworldarefacingseriousproblemsduetorapidurbanization.Overcrowdingisoneofthemostnoticeableissues,makingitdifficultforpeopletofindadequatehousingandaccessbasicservices.①______Pollutionisanothermajorconcern,withfactoriesandvehiclesreleasingharmfulchemicalsintotheairandwater.Thisnotonlyaffectsthehealthofcitydwellersbutalsodamagestheenvironment.②______Trafficcongestionisyetanotherchallenge,withmorecarsontheroadleadingtolongercommutesandincreasedstressforresidents.③______Theseproblemsareinterconnectedandcancreateaviciouscycleofurbandecay.Withoutproperplanningandinvestment,citiesmaybecomeunlivableforfuturegenerations.④______However,therearesolutionstothesechallenges.Sustainableurbanplanningcanhelpreduceovercrowdingbypromotingthedevelopmentofnewneighborhoodsandimprovingpublictransportation.⑤______Investingingreentechnologiescanalsoreducepollutionbyreplacingtraditionalenergysourceswithcleaneralternatives.⑥______Encouragingtheuseofbicyclesandpublictransportcanhelpalleviatetrafficcongestionandreducecarbonemissions.⑦______Communityinvolvementisalsocrucial,aslocalresidentscanprovidevaluableinsightsandhelpimplementchangesthatbenefiteveryone.⑧______Byworkingtogether,citiescanbecomemoresustainable,livable,andequitableforall.⑨______Thiswillrequirealong-termcommitmentfromgovernments,businesses,andindividualstocreateabetterfutureforurbanareas.A)Thisleadstoincreasedpollutionandhealthproblemsforthepopulation.B)Italsomakesitharderforpeopletoaccessjobsandeducation.C)Overcrowdingcanleadtoalackofresourcesandservices.A)Governmentscanplayakeyrolebyimplementingpoliciesthatencouragesustainabledevelopment.B)Itisessentialtoaddresstheseissuestoensurethewell-beingofcityresidents.C)Properinfrastructureisneededtosupportthegrowingpopulationandreduceurbansprawl.A)Thisnotonlycausesfrustrationbutalsoleadstohigherstresslevels.B)Italsocontributestothedegradationofpublicspacesandcommunitycohesion.C)Trafficcongestioncanhaveasignificantimpactonthequalityoflifeincities.A)Expandinggreenspacesandcreatingparkscanhelpimproveairqualityandproviderecreationalareas.B)Thesemeasurescanalsopromotephysicalactivityandimprovepublichealth.C)Urbanplanningshouldfocusoncreatingmixed-usedevelopmentsthatreducetheneedforlongcommutes.A)Renewableenergysourceslikesolarandwindpowercanprovidecleanandsustainableenergy.B)Thiscanhelpreducerelianceonfossilfuelsandmitigateclimatechange.C)Greentechnologiescanalsocreatenewjobopportunitiesandstimulateeconomicgrowth.A)Promotingcarpoolingandride-sharingcanhelpreducethenumberofvehiclesontheroad.B)Thiscanalsoleadtolowerfuelconsumptionandreducedemissions.C)Publictransportationsystemsneedtobeimprovedtomakethemmoreaccessibleandefficient.A)Localgovernmentscanorganizecommunitymeetingstodiscussurbanchallengesandsolutions.B)Thiscanhelpbuildasenseofcommunityandencouragecollectiveaction.C)Engagingwithlocalbusinessescanalsohelpcreatepartnershipsthatsupportsustainableinitiatives.A)Sustainableurbanplanningcanhelpreduceovercrowdingbypromotingthedevelopmentofnewneighborhoods.B)Thiscanhelpdistributethepopulationmoreevenlyandreducethestrainonexistinginfrastructure.C)Itisimportanttoensurethatnewdevelopmentsarewell-designedandprovideaccesstoessentialservices.A)Thiswillrequirealong-termcommitmentfromgovernments,businesses,andindividuals.B)Byworkingtogether,citiescanbecomemoresustainable,livable,andequitableforall.C)Sustainablecitiescanalsoattractmoreresidentsandbusinesses,leadingtoeconomicgrowth.A)Thiscanhelpcreateamoresustainableandresilienturbanenvironment.B)Itisessentialtoaddresstheseissuestoensurethewell-beingofcityresidents.C)Properinfrastructureisneededtosupportthegrowingpopulationandreduceurbansprawl.四、多项选择要求：下面的每个问题都有多个选项，请根据文章内容，选择所有正确的选项。每个问题可能有多个正确答案，也可能没有正确答案。这个题目需要你仔细阅读文章，并找到所有符合题意的选项。注意，不要漏掉任何一个可能的答案哦。1.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemainchallengesfacedbycitiesduetorapidurbanization?A)OvercrowdingB)PollutionC)TrafficcongestionD)LackofresourcesE)Economicdecline2.Whatarethenegativeeffectsofpollutionmentionedinthepassage?A)HealthproblemsforcitydwellersB)DamagetotheenvironmentC)IncreasedstresslevelsD)DegradationofpublicspacesE)Economicgrowth3.Howcansustainableurbanplanninghelpaddressthechallengesofurbanization?A)BypromotingthedevelopmentofnewneighborhoodsB)ByimprovingpublictransportationC)ByinvestingingreentechnologiesD)ByencouragingcommunityinvolvementE)Byreducingtheneedforlongcommutes4.Whatarethebenefitsofinvestingingreentechnologiesmentionedinthepassage?A)ReducingpollutionB)MitigatingclimatechangeC)CreatingnewjobopportunitiesD)IncreasingfuelconsumptionE)Stimulatingeconomicgrowth5.Howcancommunityinvolvementhelpaddressurbanchallenges?A)ByprovidingvaluableinsightsB)ByimplementingchangesC)ByincreasingpollutionD)ByreducingpublictransportationusageE)Bycausingeconomicdecline6.Whatarethekeyrolesmentionedinthepassageforgovernments,businesses,andindividualsincreatingsustainablecities?A)ImplementingpoliciesthatencouragesustainabledevelopmentB)ProvidingproperinfrastructureC)CreatingasenseofcommunityD)EncouragingtheuseofbicyclesE)Reducingthenumberofcarsontheroad7.Whatarethepotentialconsequencesofnotaddressingurbanchallenges?A)UrbandecayB)UnlivablecitiesforfuturegenerationsC)IncreasedpollutionD)EconomicgrowthE)Improvedpublichealth8.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsofcreatingmixed-usedevelopmentsmentionedinthepassage?A)ReducingtheneedforlongcommutesB)ImprovingairqualityC)ProvidingrecreationalareasD)IncreasingtrafficcongestionE)Damagingcommunitycohesion9.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsofrenewableenergysourcesmentionedinthepassage?A)ProvidingcleanandsustainableenergyB)ReducingrelianceonfossilfuelsC)MitigatingclimatechangeD)IncreasingfuelconsumptionE)Creatingnewjobopportunities10.Whatarethepotentialbenefitsofpromotingcarpoolingandride-sharingmentionedinthepassage?A)ReducingthenumberofvehiclesontheroadB)LoweringfuelconsumptionC)ReducingemissionsD)IncreasingtrafficcongestionE)Causingeconomicdecline五、判断题要求：下面的每个句子都是一个判断题，请根据文章内容，判断句子是正确的（T）还是错误的（F）。这个题目需要你仔细阅读文章，并找到每个句子的相关信息。注意，不要被句子的表面意思所迷惑，要找到文章中的具体证据来判断哦。1.Overcrowdingisoneofthemostnoticeableissuesfacedbycitiesduetorapidurbanization.T/F2.Pollutionisamajorconcernincities,withfactoriesandvehiclesreleasingharmfulchemicalsintotheairandwater.T/F3.Trafficcongestionisyetanotherchallenge,withmorecarsontheroadleadingtolongercommutesandincreasedstressforresidents.T/F4.Sustainableurbanplanningcanhelpreduceovercrowdingbypromotingthedevelopmentofnewneighborhoodsandimprovingpublictransportation.T/F5.Investingingreentechnologiescanreducepollutionbyreplacingtraditionalenergysourceswithcleaneralternatives.T/F6.Encouragingtheuseofbicyclesandpublictransportcanhelpalleviatetrafficcongestionandreducecarbonemissions.T/F7.Communityinvolvementiscrucial,aslocalresidentscanprovidevaluableinsightsandhelpimplementchangesthatbenefiteveryone.T/F8.Byworkingtogether,citiescanbecomemoresustainable,livable,andequitableforall.T/F9.Sustainablecitiescanattractmoreresidentsandbusinesses,leadingtoeconomicgrowth.T/F10.Properinfrastructureisneededtosupportthegrowingpopulationandreduceurbansprawl.T/F本次试卷答案如下一、选词填空1.F解析：根据文章第一句"Therapidgrowthofcitiesaroundtheworldhasbroughtbothopportunitiesandchallenges."可以知道，城市是在快速增长的，所以选expanding。2.B解析：文章提到城市提供更多的工作、教育和医疗机会，这些都是资源，所以选resources。3.D解析：文章提到城市面临提供足够住房、清洁水和卫生设施的困难，这是巨大的压力，所以选pressure。4.F解析：文章提到交通拥堵导致长距离通勤和空气污染增加，所以选congestion。5.D解析：文章提到贫富差距在扩大，导致社会紧张和减少社会凝聚力，所以选widening。6.A解析：文章提到需要采取可持续的城市规划来解决问题，所以选sustainable。7.B解析：文章提到政府、企业和个人都有责任解决问题，所以选responsibilities。8.D解析：文章提到需要解决住房、水和卫生问题，所以选tackled。9.H解析：文章提到可持续城市规划、投资公共交通和推广绿地是策略，所以选measures。10.A解析：文章提到要创建充满活力的城市，所以选vibrant。二、段落匹配11.C解析：段落11提到城市人口增加是因为农村人口迁入，这与上文第二段"whichattractpeoplefromruralareasinsearchofabetterlife"相对应。12.B解析：段落12提到城市化对环境的影响，这与上文第三段"canhaveseriousconsequencesfortheenvironment"相对应。13.A解析：段落13提到政府、企业和个人需要合作解决问题，这与上文最后一段"Governments,businesses,andindividualsallhavearoletoplay"相对应。14.D解析：段落14提到提供住房和清洁水是主要挑战，这与上文第四段"Manycitiesarefacingdifficultiesinprovidingenoughhousing,cleanwater,andsanitationfortheirgrowingpopulations"相对应。15.E解析：段落15提到投资公共交通可以减少交通拥堵，这与上文第五段"investmentinpublictransportation,andthepromotionofgreenspacesaresomeofthestrategiesthatcanhelpmakecitiesmorelivable"相对应。三、句子填空①C解析：段落开头提到人口从农村迁入城市，导致住房和服务不足，所以选Overcrowdingcanleadtoalackofresourcesandservices。②A解析：段落提到工厂和车辆释放有害化学物质，导致污染，所以选Thisleadstoincreasedpollutionandhealthproblemsforthepopulation。③A解析：段落提到交通拥堵导致通勤时间长和压力增加，所以选Thisnotonlycausesfrustrationbutalsoleadstohigherstresslevels。④B解析：段落提到如果不解决这些问题，城市将变得不适合居住，所以选Itisessentialtoaddresstheseissuestoensurethewell-beingofcityresidents。⑤A解析：段落提到可持续城市规划可以减少拥挤，所以选Expandinggreenspacesandcreatingparkscanhelpimproveairqualityandproviderecreationalareas。⑥A解析：段落提到可再生能源提供清洁能源，所以选Rene