2025年托福阅读全真试题及答案

2025年托福阅读全真试题及答案

一、单项选择题1.Inthecontextofthepassage,theword“ubiquitous”mostnearlymeans:A.rareB.everywhereC.beautifulD.dangerousAnswer:B2.Accordingtothepassage,whatwastheprimaryreasonforthedeclineoftheancientcivilization?A.NaturaldisastersB.InternalconflictsC.InvasionbyforeigntribesD.EconomicmismanagementAnswer:C3.Theauthormentions“theintricatecarvingsonthetemplewalls”toillustrate:A.ThereligiousbeliefsofthepeopleB.TheartisticskillsofthecivilizationC.ThehistoryofthetempleD.ThepoliticalpoweroftherulersAnswer:B4.Inparagraph3,thephrase“aturningpoint”refersto:A.AmomentofgreatjoyB.AsignificanteventthatchangedthecourseofthingsC.AperiodofdeclineD.AtimeofpeaceAnswer:B5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttherelationshipbetweentheclimateandthegrowthofcrops?A.Astableclimatewasessentialforgoodcropyields.B.Cropscouldgrowinanyclimatecondition.C.Theclimatehadnoimpactoncropgrowth.D.Unusualclimatepatternsledtobumpercrops.Answer:A6.Theword“evolve”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto:A.remainthesameB.developgraduallyC.disappearsuddenlyD.becomesmallerAnswer:B7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasacharacteristicofthenewtechnology?A.Itwasveryexpensivetoproduce.B.Itwasdifficulttooperate.C.Itincreasedproductivity.D.Itwasonlyusedincertainindustries.Answer:C8.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto:A.DescribeahistoricaleventB.PersuadethereadertotakeacertainactionC.ComparedifferentculturesD.AnalyzeascientifictheoryAnswer:A9.Inthepassage,“theremnantsoftheoldcity”referto:A.ThemodernbuildingsinthecityB.ThepartsofthecitythatarestillstandingfromthepastC.TheplansforrebuildingthecityD.ThepeoplewholivedintheoldcityAnswer:B10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleoftradeinthedevelopmentoftheregion?A.Tradehadaminimalimpactontheregion'sdevelopment.B.Tradeledtoculturalisolation.C.Tradewascrucialfortheexchangeofideasandresources.D.Tradeonlybenefitedthewealthy.Answer:C二、多项选择题1.Whichofthefollowingfactorscontributedtothespreadofthenewideology?(Chooseallthatapply)A.EffectivepropagandaB.SupportfromtherulingclassC.EconomicprosperityD.TheappealofitsideastothemassesAnswer:ABD2.Thepassagementionsseveralfeaturesoftheancientarchitecture.Whichofthefollowingareamongthem?(Chooseallthatapply)A.LargedomesB.OrnatefacadesC.SimplefloorplansD.UseoflocalmaterialsAnswer:ABD3.Whatweretheconsequencesoftheenvironmentaldegradationdescribedinthepassage?(Chooseallthatapply)A.LossofbiodiversityB.DeclineinagriculturalproductionC.SpreadofdiseasesD.IncreaseinpopulationdensityAnswer:ABC4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingweremethodsusedtopreservehistoricaldocuments?(Chooseallthatapply)A.CopyingbyhandB.Storinginclimate-controlledenvironmentsC.DigitalscanningD.EncasinginstonetabletsAnswer:AB5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheearlysettlersaretruebasedonthepassage?(Chooseallthatapply)A.Theyfacedmanyhardships.B.Theyhadadvancedfarmingtechniques.C.Theyestablishedtradingrelationshipswithnatives.D.Theybuiltlargecitiesimmediately.Answer:AC6.Thepassagediscussesdifferentaspectsofaparticularculture.Whichofthefollowingculturalelementsareincluded?(Chooseallthatapply)A.ArtformsB.SocialcustomsC.PoliticalsystemsD.ReligiousfestivalsAnswer:ABD7.Whatledtotheriseofthenewindustryintheregion?(Chooseallthatapply)A.AvailabilityofrawmaterialsB.SkilledlaborforceC.GovernmentincentivesD.HighdemandfortheproductAnswer:ABCD8.Whichofthefollowingarecharacteristicsoftheliteraryworksofthatera?(Chooseallthatapply)A.FocusonsocialissuesB.UseofcomplexlanguageC.Narrativestylebasedonreal-lifeeventsD.EmphasisonsupernaturalelementsAnswer:ABC9.Thepassagementionstheimpactofanewpolicy.Whatweretheeffects?(Chooseallthatapply)A.ImprovedeconomicconditionsB.IncreasedsocialunrestC.EnhancedinternationalrelationsD.ChangesintheeducationsystemAnswer:ACD10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwerechallengesfacedbythescientistsintheirresearch?(Chooseallthatapply)A.LackoffundingB.LimitedaccesstoresourcesC.ResistancefromthepublicD.ComplexityofthesubjectmatterAnswer:ABD三、判断题1.Thenewdiscoverycompletelydisprovedallprevioustheories.(True/False)Answer:False2.Thesocietydescribedinthepassagehadarigidclassstructure.(True/False)Answer:True3.Thedevelopmentoftransportationsystemshadnoimpactonthegrowthofcities.(True/False)Answer:False4.Theauthorbelievesthatthehistoricaleventwasinevitable.(True/False)Answer:False5.Theplantsintheregionwereabletoadapttoanyenvironmentalchange.(True/False)Answer:False6.Thenewlawwaswell-receivedbyallsegmentsofthepopulation.(True/False)Answer:False7.Theartisticmovementmentionedinthepassagewasshort-lived.(True/False)Answer:True8.Theanimalsintheareahadasymbioticrelationshipwiththeplants.(True/False)Answer:True9.Theresearchfindingswereimmediatelyappliedinpracticalsettings.(True/False)Answer:False10.Theculturaltraditionsofthecommunityremainedunchangedovertime.(True/False)Answer:False四、简答题1.Brieflydescribethemainfactorsthatcontributedtothegrowthofthecityinthepassage.Thegrowthofthecitywasduetomultiplefactors.Firstly,itsstrategiclocationmadeitahubfortrade,facilitatingtheexchangeofgoodsandideas.Thisledtoaninfluxofmerchantsandincreasedeconomicactivity.Secondly,theavailabilityofnaturalresourcesinthevicinitysupportedvariousindustries.Additionally,thedevelopmentofinfrastructuresuchasroadsandbridgesimprovedconnectivity,attractingmorepeopletosettleinthecity,thuscontributingtoitsgrowth.2.Explainthesignificanceofthearchaeologicaldiscoveryinthecontextofunderstandingthepast.Thearchaeologicaldiscoveryishighlysignificant.Itprovidestangibleevidenceofpastcivilizationsthatmaynothavebeenwell-documentedthroughwrittenrecords.Artifacts,structures,andremainsfoundduringthediscoverycanrevealaspectsoftheirdailylife,liketheirdiet,clothing,andhousing.Italsogivesinsightsintotheirtechnologicalcapabilities,religiousbeliefs,andsocialhierarchies.Bystudyingthesediscoveries,wecanpiecetogetheramoreaccuratepictureofhowpeoplelivedinthepast.3.Whatwerethemaindifferencesbetweenthetwoeconomicsystemsdescribedinthepassage?Oneeconomicsystemwascenteredaroundagriculture,withafocusonsubsistencefarmingandtradingsurplusgoodslocally.Therewasarelianceontraditionalfarmingmethodsandarelativelysmall-scalemarket.Incontrast,theothersystemwasmoreindustrialized.Itinvolvedlarge-scaleproductioninfactories,usingadvancedmachinery.Therewasagreateremphasisonmassproductionforbothdomesticandinternationalmarkets,andamorecomplexfinancialandbusinessstructure.4.Summarizethekeypointsabouttheroleofeducationinthedevelopmentofthesocietyinthepassage.Educationplayedacrucialrole.Itequippedindividualswiththeknowledgeandskillsnecessaryfordifferentoccupations,whichinturncontributedtotheeconomicdevelopmentofthesociety.Educatedpeoplewereabletoinnovateanddriveprogressinvariousfields.Moreover,educationpromotedsocialmobility,allowingindividualsfromdifferentbackgroundstoimprovetheirstatus.Italsohelpedinthepreservationandtransmissionofculturalvalues,ensuringthecontinuityanddevelopmentofthesociety.五、讨论题1.Discussthelong-termimpactsoftheenvironmentalchangesdescribedinthepassageonthelocalecosystemandhumansociety.Theenvironmentalchangeshadfar-reachingconsequences.Ontheecosystem,thelossofcertainhabitatsduetodeforestationorpollutionledtoadeclineinbiodiversity.Somespeciesmayhavegoneextinct,disruptingthefoodchain.Forhumansociety,thedeclineinagriculturalproductivityduetosoildegradationorwaterscarcityledtofoodshortages.Thiscouldhavecausedsocialunrestaspeoplestruggledtomeettheirbasicneeds.Itmightalsohaveforcedpeopletomigrateinsearchofbetterresources,leadingtochangesinpopulationdistributionandpotentialconflictsinnewareas.2.Analyzethereasonswhythenewtechnologyinthepassagefacedbothacceptanceandresistanceinthesociety.Thenewtechnologywasacceptedforseveralreasons.Itofferedincreasedproductivity,whichledtoeconomicgrowth.Forexample,inindustries,itallowedforfasterproductionofgoods,reducingcostsandincreasingprofits.Italsoprovidednewopportunitiesforemploymentinrelatedfields.However,itfacedresistance.Somepeoplewereworriedaboutjoblossasmachinesreplacedhumanlabor.Therewerealsoconcernsaboutitspotentialnegativeimpactsonhealthandtheenvironment.Additionally,traditionalistswerereluctanttoembracechange,preferringtosticktooldmethodsandwaysoflife.3.Compareandcontrasttheculturalvaluesofthetwogroupsofpeoplementionedinthepassage.Thetwogroupshaddistinctculturalvalues.Onegroupplacedahighvalueontraditionandfamily.Theirsocialstructurewasbasedonstrongkinshipties,andtheypasseddownculturalpracticesandknowledgefromgenerationtogeneration.Theyhadadeeprespectfornatureandsa