2025年高考英语二轮复习课件+讲义+练习-专题04 阅读理解之推理判断题（练习）（解析版）

目录【题型一】阅读理解之猜测词义猜测单词含义题（最新模拟）【题型二】阅读理解之猜测词义猜测短语含义题（最新模拟）【题型三】阅读理解之猜测词义猜测句子含义题（最新模拟）【题型四】阅读理解之猜测词义猜测代词含义题（最新模拟）1.（2025Foodisoneareaofourlivesthatisindesperateneedofanoverhaul.Roughlyone-thirdoffoodproducedforhumanconsumptiongoestowasteworldwide,costingtheeconomy$940billionayear.Allthatwastepumpsout70billiontonsofgreenhousegasesannually,whichamountstoapproximately8%ofglobalgreenhousegasesemitted(排放)byhumanactivities.Thus,reducingfoodwasteisapowerfulsteponecantaketofightclimatechange.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overhaul”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Consistentlystablepromotion.B．Completeexaminationandimprovement.C．Conservationanddevelopment.D．Immediateendofsomething.【答案】B原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！1/45【解析】词句猜测题。根据后文“Roughlyone-thirdoffoodproducedforhumanconsumptiongoestowasteworldwide,costingtheeconomy$940billionayear.Allthatwastepumpsout70billiontonsofgreenhousegasesannually,whichamountstoapproximately8%ofglobalgreenhousegasesemitted(排放)byhumanactivities.Thus,reducingfoodwasteisapowerfulsteponecantaketofightclimatechange.(全世界大约有三分之一的供人类消费的食物被浪费，每年造成9400亿美元的经济损失。所有这些垃圾每年排放700亿吨温室气体，约占人类活动排放的全球温室气体的8%。因此，减少食物浪费是应对气候变化的有力措施)”可知，食物浪费，以及随之而来的温室气体排放问题越来越严峻，所以食物是我们生活中迫切需要彻底改革的一个领域，推知overhaul应是“彻底改革”之意，和B项“Completeexaminationandimprovement.(彻底检查和改善)”意思相近。故选B项。2.（2025·山东省临沂第一中学北校区高三阶段性检测）Scientistsnowknowthatlonelinesscancausemanyhealthproblems.Thatmaybebecauseancestralhumansthrivedinsupportivecommunities—andanythinglesscansetabiochemicalstressresponse.“Ourbrainsfunctionmoreefficientlywhenwearewithothers,”saysJulianne.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrived”inparagraph3probablymean?A．participatedvoluntarilyB．livedhealthilyC．remainedstableD．gotdesperate【答案】B“Scientistsnowknowthatlonelinesscancausemanyhealthproblems.Thatmaybebecauseancestralhumansthrivedinsupportivecommunities—andanythinglesscansetabiochemicalstressresponse.“Ourbrainsfunctionmoreefficientlywhenwearewithothers,”saysJulianne.(科学家们现在知道孤独可以引起许多健康问题。那可能是因为祖先人类在支持性的社区中thrived——任何少于这样的环境都会引发生化应激反应。“”朱利安说)”人类的发展常理推断，此处说的是远古人类在相互支持的群体中能健康地生活，一旦缺乏这种支持环境就会出现问题。thrive意为“繁荣、兴旺、茁壮成长”，与livedhealthily意思相近。故选B。3.（2025·河南省驻马店市高三期末）ItseemedappropriatetostartthejourneyintoAmerica’spastinD．C．“Thisisthefrontyard,thenation’sfrontyard,”Neilsaid.“Itjustseemedliketheperfectplacetostartthiswalk.”ThenNeilcrossedtheMason-DixonLine,whichrunsthroughthemiddleofa19th-centuryfarm.Inhewalkedthroughacemetery(公墓),wheresomevolunteerswerecleaningupandhonoringunsungheroes.InPennsylvania,hestoppedforan原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！2/45afternoontosocializewithsomelocals.“Ontheroad,ImetsomanygreatpeoplethatIalmostfeltwereputtherebysomehigherpowertointeractwithme,”Neilsaid.“Andindeed,arewenottheoffspring(后代)ofapowergreaterthanourselves,thepowerofcommunity?”Meanwhile,thehealthbenefitsofwalkingareobvious:increasedcardiocapacity,deeperbreathingthatenergizesthelung,andpowertoalmosteverymuscleinthebody.Onanotherlevel,movingthroughthesmalldetailsoflivesintertwinedwithhistoryandemotiongiveshimasenseofwhatwecanaccomplish.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“intertwined”inparagraph5?A．satisfiedB．connectedC．familiarD．busy【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“ThenNeilcrossedtheMason-DixonLine,whichrunsthroughthemiddleofa19th-centuryfarm.Inhewalkedthroughacemetery(公墓),wheresomevolunteerswerecleaningupandhonoringunsungheroes.InPennsylvania,hestoppedforanafternoontosocializewithsomelocals.(然后尼尔穿过了梅森-19)”“Onanotherlevel,movingthroughthesmalldetailsoflivesintertwinedwithhistoryandemotiongiveshimasenseofwhatwecanaccomplish.(在另intertwined)”中“intertwinedwithhistoryandemotion”smalldetailsoflives“”connected意思相近。故选B项。4.（2025·浙江省宁波市镇海中学模拟）Thedominanceoftelevisionwasnotcontainedtoourlivingrooms.Itoverturnedallofthosehabitsofmind,fundamentallychangingourexperienceoftheworld,affectingpolitics,religion,business,andculture.Itreducedmanyaspectsofmodernlifetoentertainmentandcommerce.“Americansdon’ttalktoeachother;weentertaineachother,”Postmanwrote.“Theydon’texchangeideas;theyexchangeimages.Theydonotarguewithpropositions;theyarguewithgoodlooks,celebritiesandcommercials.”Theunderlinedword“propositions”inparagraph4probablymeans“________”.A．experiencesB．appearancesC．opinionsD．consequences原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！3/45【答案】C“Postmanwrote.“Theydon’texchangeideas;theyexchangeimages.Theydonotarguewithpropositions;theyarguewithgoodlooks,celebritiesandcommercials.”(他们不交换思想，)”看法之类的内容进行争辩。因此“propositions”与“思想、观点”意思相近。选项C“opinions”，意为“想法、观点”与此相符。故选C。5.（2025·福建省宁德市高三月考）Butthere’sahitch.longestbladeshavebecometoobigtobedeliveredtoinlandwindfarms.Theycanbetakenonlybyshiptooffshoresites,wherebuildingcostsarefarhigher.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hitch”inparagraph2mean?A．Improvement.B．Advantage.C．Challenge.D．Disorder.【答案】C【解析】词句猜测题。由文章第二段“Butthere’sahitch.longestbladeshavebecometoobigtobedeliveredtoinlandwindfarms.Theycanbetakenonlybyshiptooffshoresites,wherebuildingcostsarefarhigher.(但是有个hitch。如今最长的叶片已经变得太大，无法运送到内陆风力发电场。它们只能用船运到近海地点，那里的建造成本要高得多。)”可知，如今最长的叶片已经变得太大，无法运送到内陆风力发电场。它们只能用船运到近海地点，那里的建造成本要高得多。所以hitch在此处的意思是“问题，挑战”，与选项C“Challenge.(挑战)”相符。故选C。1.（2025FiguresontheuseofAIinworkmustbetakenwithapinchofsaltbecausedifferentcompaniesdefinetheuseofAIdifferently,buttheoveralltrendisthatcompaniesareincreasinglyusingAIforhumanresources,andtheUKisoneofthefront-runnersinthisspace.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedpart“apinchofsalt”inparagraph3?A．Curiosity.B．Relief.C．Doubt.D．Anxiety.原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！4/45【答案】C“FiguresontheuseofAIinworkmustbetakenwith(关于在工作中使用人工智能的数据必须加以重视)”和后面的“becausedifferentcompaniesdefinetheuseofAIdifferently(因为不同的公司对人工智能的定义不同)”“apinchofsalt”与“doubt”选C。2.（2025·四川省攀枝花市高三统一考试）ParticipantswereaskedtolabeleachimageasrealorAI-generatedandexplainwhytheymadetheirdecision.Only61%ofparticipantscouldtellthedifferencebetweenAI-generatedpeopleandrealones,farbelowthe85%threshold(门槛)thatresearchersexpected.“Peoplearenotasadeptattellingthedifferenceastheythinktheyare,”saidAndreaPocol,aPhDcandidateinComputerScienceattheUniversityofWhatdoestheunderlinedphrase“adeptat”inparagraph3mean?A．Skillfulat.B．Concernedwith.C．Puzzledabout.D．Curiousabout.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。由文章第三段中“Only61%ofparticipantscouldtellthedifferencebetweenAI-generatedpeopleandrealones,farbelowthe85%threshold(门槛)thatresearchersexpected.“Peoplearenotasadeptattellingthedifferenceastheythinktheyare,”saidAndreaPocol,aPhDcandidateinComputerScienceattheUniversityof(只有61%的参与者能够区分出人工智能生成的人和真实的人，远低于研究人员预期的85%的门槛。滑铁卢大学的计算机科学博士候选人AndreaPocol说：“人们并不像他们认为自己那样adeptat区分这两者的区别。”)”可知，人们并不像他们认为自己那样擅长区分这两者的区别，adeptat意为“擅长”，与选项A“Skillfulat.(擅长)”相符。故选A。3.（2025·安徽省淮北市和淮南市高三上学期第一次质量检测）Itbeganin2014withatriptoBali.WhilesoaringontheflyingfishatKutaBeach,Ithought,“Thisisthebestfeelingever!”Beforethatlastminutetrip,I’venevergivenmuchthoughttotraveling.UntilwhenIwascalledtoservethenationandmypreciousannualleaveweresavedforwhateveractivitieswerecool.ButafterBali,I’vejumpedoutofaplaneinBrazil,ranainscaledthehighestvolcanoinIndonesia,andcouch-surfedinAustralia.I’vegottenlost,gottensick.I’vecriedandsmiled.AndyetIyearnforitmore:Thefeelingofplungingintotheunknown.Thefreedomthatcomeswithexploration.I’vecaughtthetravelbug.原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！5/45Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thetravelbug”inparagraph2mean?A．Atechnicalerrororproblem.B．Aninsectcausingdiscomfort.C．Asuddenstronginterestorpassion.D．Relxationthatcomesfromlongtravels.【答案】C“ButafterBali,I'vejumpedoutofaplaneinBrazil,ranainscaledthehighestvolcanoinIndonesia,andcouch-surfedinAustralia.I'vegottenlost,gottensick.I'vecriedandsmiled.AndyetIyearnforitmore:Thefeelingofplungingintotheunknown.Thefreedomthatcomeswithexploration.(但在巴厘岛之后，我在巴西从飞机上跳下来，在越南从悬崖上跑下来，在印度尼西亚爬上最高的火山，在澳大利亚沙发冲浪。我迷路了，生病了。我哭过也笑过。然而，我更渴望那种坠入未知世)”划线短语thetravelbug指的是作者对旅行的强烈兴趣。故选C项。4.（海南省三亚市2024-2025学年高三上学期期末）Amongthesedebates,alineofresearchshowsthelastingbenefitsofhandwriting—an“innovation”beforecomputers.First,handwritingenhancesmemory.Puttingwordsonpaperwithapenorpencilcreatesmuscleandsensorymemories,andthearrangementofwordsonapagefeedintovisualmemory:peoplemightrememberawordtheywrotedowninFrenchclassatthebottom-leftoncertainpage,whichenhanceslearning.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“feedinto”probablymeaninParagraph2?A．Enhance.B．Conclude.C．Switch.D．Influence.【答案】A“peoplemightrememberawordtheywrotedowninFrenchclassatthebottom-leftoncertainpage,whichenhanceslearning.(人们可能会记住他们在法语课上写在某一页左下角的单词，这会增)”觉记忆，由此可知，“feedinto”的意思是“增强”。故选A。5.（2025·广东省高三1月第一次模拟）Oprahisuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthemostpotentandinfluentialfemalesglobally.Theappellationsofatelevisionpresenter,aproducer,andaphilanthropistareamongthedesignationswithwhichsheiscommonlyassociated.Shecameintothisworldintheyear1954,inthesmalltownofKosciusko,Mississippi,anddespitenothavingbeenpresentedwitheveryconceivableadvantageonaplatterofsilver,shemanagedtosurmount原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！6/45theadversitiesofherformativeyearsandetchherindeliblemarkupontheglobalstage.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“onasilverplatter”meaninParagraph1?A．Invain.B．C．Beyondexpectation.D．Byaccident.【答案】B“shemanagedtosurmounttheadversitiesofherformativeyearsandetchherindeliblemarkupontheglobalstage.(记)”以及划线词前文的despite可知，前后两句构成转折关系，即尽管她并非一切都是唾手可得的，但是她依旧克服了重重困难，在世界上留下了自己的印记。故推断划线词与B选项effort(不费力气地；轻而易举地)”为同义词。故选B。1.（2025Ispentthenexttwodecadeskeepingmylimbdifferencehiddenatalltimes.I’dkeepitinmypocket,coveritwithextra-longsleevesorhideitbehindbagsorunderneathjackets.EveryoneIsharedthiswith—friend,co-workerorboyfriend—tookitwellandsaidkindthingslike,shouldn’thideit”or“It’snobigdeal.”Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.Interestinglyenough,itwasadatethatconvincedmetostophidingmylimbdifference.WhenIwas38yearsold,exhaustedofhidingandsolonely,Imetsomeonespecial.ThecombinationofmefinallyfeelingreadytounhideandhiswillingnesstogothroughtheunhidingprocesswithmewasexactlywhatIneeded.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iallowedsomeonetoreallyholdmylimb,lookatit,takepicturesofit,touchit,loveit—loveme.Fromthatpointon,Isawmylimbdifferenceassomethinguniqueandbeautifulaboutme,somethingthatshouldbeshown,nothidden.Theunderlinedsentence“Buttheirwordsdidn’tmattertome.”inParagraph5canbeunderstoodas________.A．Theauthordidn’tcareaboutanythingpeoplesayaroundher.B．Theirwordsdidnotchangetheauthor’sbehavior.C．Whattheysaidhadnothingtodowiththeauthor.D．Whattheysaiddidnothurttheauthor.【答案】B原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！7/45“Ispentthenexttwodecadeskeepingmylimbdifferencehiddenatalltimes.I’dkeepitinmypocket,coveritwithextra-longsleevesorhideitbehindbagsorunderneathjackets.(在接下来的二十年里，我一直隐藏着我的肢体差异。我会把它放在口袋里，用超长的袖子盖住，或者藏在包后面或夹克里面)”以及第六段“Interestinglyenough,itwasadatethatconvincedmetostophidingmylimbdifference.(有)”旧选择隐藏自己的肢体差异，直到之后那次约会才有多改变。故选B。2.（2025届广西壮族自治区柳州市高三上学期二模）ChristopherSöderberg,aconsultantforonlineinfluencerswholivesinStockholm,boughtthesmartglassesinMay.Hesaidtheyhelpedhimkick-starthisowninfluencercareer.Hecanfilmthevideoshimselfsmoothlyandwalkuptopeopleinawaythatislessdisturbingorannoyingwhilestilllettingthemknowhe’srecording.recordwiththeglasses,MetaRay-Banuserspressabuttontostarta30-second,60-secondorthree-minutevideo.Söderbergsaid,“It’sagamechanger.”Whichisclosetothemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence“It’sagamechanger.”inparagraph4?A．Itisinnovative.B．Itisdemanding.C．Itisappealing.D．Itisamusing.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Hecanfilmthevideoshimselfsmoothlyandwalkuptopeopleinawaythatislessdisturbingorannoyingwhilestilllettingthemknowhe’srecording.(他能够流畅地自行拍摄视频，)”让使用者流畅地自行拍摄视频，并且在录像时接近他人的方式既不会太打扰别人又能让对方知晓在录像，这体现出它在功能及使用体验等方面有着独特之处，带来了新的改变。由此可知“It’sagamechanger.(它是一个改变游戏规则的产品。)”A“Itisinnovative.(它是创新的。)”与此相符。故选A。3.（2025“Studentslearnbetterwhenthey’regettingtheirhandsdirty,”saidOfonimeUdo-Okon,managerofGVI’sLeadershipProgram.“HCCissettinganexampleastowhatintegratedlearningcanlooklike.”OnBridgeport’sonlyurbaneducationalfarm,thestudents,whoalleitherliveorattendschoolinBridgeport,weretransformedintoyoungfoodleaders.Throughtheirstudiesandhands-oninstruction,eachlearnedtheirroleinthe原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！8/45foodsystem,andhowtomakeapositivechange.“IwantedtobeintheprogramsoIcangivebacktothecommunity,”saidSariahCohen,a15-year-oldsophomoreatBridgeport’sCentralHighSchool.“Ilikethepracticethatweprovidethecommunitywithfresh,inexpensivefood.”Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3imply?A．Studentspreferworkingthelandtolearninginclass.B．Studentsneedtowashtheirhandsbeforeenteringthelab.C．Activeengagementandreal-lifeexperiencehelplearning.D．onafarmteachesstudentsimportantlifeskills.【答案】C【解析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thefarmservedasanoutdoorlabfortheclass,wherestudentslearnedabouttheprocessofseedtotable,foodaccessandsustainability,fooddeserts,foodjusticeandmore.(这个农场是这个班级的户外实验室，学生们在这里学习了从种子到餐桌的过程、食物的获取和可持续性、食物沙漠、食物正义等等)”gettingtheirhandsdirty指的是学生们动手实践，暗示学生通过动手实践（在农场亲身实践的体验）学得更好，即这句话强调的是动手参与和真实的体验能够增强学习效果，而不应局限于课本上的知识，与C项（积极参与和真实的体验有助于学习）语义相近。故选C项。1.（2025·江苏省泰州中学高三月考）isacaregivingprofession.allhavethatoneteacherwhoinspiredustoaimhigher,chooseacertaincareerpath,orsimplydiscoverourpassions.Thisrolecomeswithnotonlymanysatisfactions,butlotsofpressuretoholdyourselvestoahigherstandard.Theresponsibilitiesofteachersonlyincreasedduringthepandemic,soteachershadtoshowcompassionforstudentsandparents—oftenwithoutexpectingthesametreatment.That’swhyit’ssoeasytothinkofteachersasselflesspeoplethatgiveitallforfuturegenerations.However,wheredoesthatleaveteachers?Educatorsaretaughttodomanythings,buttheireducationisusuallylackinginaddressingtheemotionalproblemsofbeingateacher.Duringthepandemic,Ifailedtomakemyonlineclassesasenjoyableaspossibleformystudents.Later,itturnedoutthatotherteacherswerehavingproblemsaswell.Ihadzeroreasonstofeelsoisolatedinmyexperience.WhatIneededwasself-compassion.AccordingtoDr.Kristinaleadresearcherinthisfield,“Self-compassionissimplycompassiondirected原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！9/45inwards.”Inotherwords,it’saboutshowingyourselfthesamecareandunderstandingthatyoutypicallyshowstudentsorotherpeopleinyourlife.Somepeoplehavemoreself-compassionthanothers,andworkingtowardsachievingmoreofitcanhelpyouinallaspectsofyourlife.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．dedicatingthemselvestothecauseofteaching.B．showinggreatcompassionforthemselves.C．sufferingfromunknownmentalpressure.D．failingtolearnsomethingintheircareers.【答案】A【解析】词句猜测题。第一段中“That’swhyit’ssoeasytothinkofteachersasselflesspeoplethatgiveitallforfuturegenerations.()”指出老师是无私“However,wheredoesthatleaveteachers?Educatorsaretaughttodomanythings,buttheireducationisusuallylackinginaddressingtheemotionalproblemsofbeingateacher.(然而，那对教师来说意味着什么？教育者被教导要做很多事情，但他们的教育通常缺乏解决作为教师所面临的情感问题)”注。由此可推断出，指示代词“that”指代的是上文中“老师们无私地为教学事业奉献一切”的这一行为。故选A项。2.（2025·天津市部分区高三期末）Moreandmorepeoplearerealizingthatnegativeself-talkandnegativeenergycanyouinmanywaysandcauseyouadditionalstress.Becauseofthis,developingmorepositiveself-talkisanimportantwaytoreducestressinyourlife.canhelpyourselfmaintainapositivemind,whichwillhelpwithpositiveself-talkbysurroundingyourselfwithpositiveenergyinyourlife.cangetthatbyaddingsomeelementstoyourlife.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertointhefirstparagraph?A．Positiveself-talk.B．Additionalstress.C．Positiveenergy.D．Negativeenergy.【答案】C【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文canhelpyourselfmaintainapositivemind,whichwillhelpwithpositiveself-talkbysurroundingyourselfwithpositiveenergyinyourlife.(你可以帮助自己保持积极的心态，原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！10/45这将有助于积极的自我对话，让自己在生活中充满正能量)”“byaddingsomeelementstoyourlife”以及文章介绍了四种获得正能量的方法。由此可知，可以通过增加一些元素来得到正能量。故划线词指的是“正能量”。故选C。3.（2025·湖南省永州市高三第二次模拟）Thestudyincludedsevenlargesurveysofalmost2,500participants.Over90percentofparticipantscouldthinkofaparticularfriendwithwhomtheyhadlosttouchandwouldliketospeakwithagain.However,evenwhenparticipantsexpressedwantingtoreconnect,thoughtthefriendwouldbeappreciative,andweregiventimetodraftamessage,onlyaboutathirdactuallysentthemessage.Sowhyisthissuchatoughroadblockthatweneedtogetpast?Overtime,oldfriendscanstarttofeellikestrangers,explainsAknin,psychologistatSimonFraserUniversity.Thatpsychologicaldistanceiswhatpeoplereportastheirmainbarriertoreconnecting.Thetypeofrelationshiptwofriendshadbeforelosingtouchcanalsodeterminehowdifficultthisdistancefeelstobridge.Apreviouslycloserelationshipwithalotoftrustmakespickingupwhereyouleftmorelikelyandlessensthefearofrejection.Theunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3refersto________.A．thefearsofrejectionB．theinitiationofreconnectionC．thepreviouslyclosefriendshipD．thedevelopmentofdiversefriendship【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thestudyincludedsevenlargesurveysofalmost2,500participants.Over90percentofparticipantscouldthinkofaparticularfriendwithwhomtheyhadlosttouchandwouldliketospeakwithagain.However,evenwhenparticipantsexpressedwantingtoreconnect,thoughtthefriendwouldbeappreciative,andweregiventimetodraftamessage,onlyaboutathirdactuallysentthemessage.(这项研究包括对近250090%的参与者能想起一个他们失去联系的朋友，并想再次交谈。然而，即使参与者表示想要重新联系，认为朋友会感激，并有时间起草一份信息，只有大约三分之一)”和第三段“Sowhyisthissuchatoughroadblockthatweneedtogetpast?Overtime,oldfriendscanstarttofeellikestrangers,explainsAknin,psychologistatSimonFraserUniversity.(我们需要跨越的一个如此艰难的障碍呢？西蒙弗雷泽大学的心理学家阿克宁解释说，随着时间的推移，老原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！11/45朋友会开始感觉像陌生人一样。)”可知，thisB“theinitiationofreconnection(重新联系的启动)”意思相符。故选B。4.（2025·山东省济宁市高三期末）“What’sspecialaboutourspecies?”isaquestionscientistshavewrestledwithforcenturies.NowanevolutionaryanthropologistThomasMorganhasanewtheorythatcouldchangethewayweperceiveourselves,andtheworld.“Itwasbasicallyacceptedthatitwastheabilityofhumanculture—thesharedbodyofknowledgepasseddownacrossgenerations—toaccumulate(累积)andevolvethatmadeusspecial,butournewdiscoveriesarechallengingthatandforcingustorethinkwhatmakesusasaspeciesunique,”saidMorgan.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．Thehumanculture.B．Thecommonbelief.C．Thelatestdiscovery.D．Thenewspecies.【答案】B【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Itwasbasicallyacceptedthatitwastheabilityofhumanculture—thesharedbodyofknowledgepasseddownacrossgenerations—toaccumulate(累积)andevolvethatmadeusspecial,butournewdiscoveriesarechallenging(——代代相传的共同知识体系——积累和进化使我们与众不同，但我们的新发现正在挑战)”可知，but表示转折，上文提到人们普遍信念是人类文化的能力——代代相传的共同知识体系——积累和进化使我们与众不同，但是新发现挑战了这一普遍信念。故that指的是“普遍的信念”。故选B。5.（2025Bick’ssolutiontotheproblemofpestdetectionissound:Eavesdroppingontheuniquevibrations(震动)thataninsectmakeswhenchewingonaplanttoidentifytheinsectitself.TheInsectEavesdropperusesacontactmicrophone,anaffordabledevicethatmusiciansoftenuseoninstruments.Alittlediscsitsonasolidobject—likecorn—andcapturesthevibrationsmovingthroughit,registeringeachonewithanelectricalsignal.“Whencornrootwormfeedsontheroots,thevibrationtranslatesfromtherootsystemtothestalk,”Bicksays.“That’swherewe’repickingitup.usingtheplantasthemusicalinstrument,asessentiallytheoutsideofaguitar.”Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A．Thecorn.B．Thesignal.C．Thesystem.D．Thevibration.原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！12/45【答案】D【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Alittlediscsitsonasolidobject—likecorn—andcapturesthevibrationsmovingthroughit,registeringeachonewithanelectricalsignal.“Whencornrootwormfeedsontheroots,thevibrationtranslatesfromtherootsystemtothestalk,”Bicksays.(一个小圆盘放在一个固体物体上——比如玉米——‘到茎，’比克说)”以及后文usingtheplantasthemusicalinstrument,asessentiallytheoutsideofaguitar.(我们把植物当作乐器，就像吉他的外面一样)”可知，比克主要通过玉米根虫啃食根部的震动来发现这种虫子，故划线词it指代前文中的thevibration“振动”，故选D。Passage11.（2025·天津市天津市和平区高三期末）Eventhenmyonlyfriendsweremadeofpaperandink.AtschoolIhadlearnedtoreadandwritelongbeforetheotherchildren.Wheremyschoolfriendssawinkonpages,Isawlight,streetsandpeople.andthemysteryoftheirhiddensciencefascinatedme,andIsawinthemakeywithwhichIcouldunlockanewworld.Myfatherdidn’tliketoseebooksinthehouse.Therewassomethingaboutthemthatoffendedhim.HeusedtotellmethatI’dbettergetridofallmycrazyideasifIdidn’twanttoendupanobody.Iusedtohidemybooksunderthemattress(垫子)andwaitforhimtofallasleepsothatIcouldread.Oncehecaughtmereadingatnightandflewintoarage(愤怒).Hetorethebookfrommyhandsandflung()itoutofthe“IfIcatchyouwastingelectricityagain,readingallthisnonsense,you’llbesorry.”Myfatherwasnotamiser(吝啬鬼)and,despitethehardshipwesuffered,wheneverhecouldhegavemeafewcoinssothatIcouldbuymyselfsometreatsliketheotherchildren.HewasconvincedthatIspentthemonsweets,butIwouldkeeptheminatinunderthebed,andwhenI’dcollectedenoughcoinsI’dsecretlyrushouttobuymyselfabook.MyfavoriteplaceinthewholecitywastheSempere&SonsBookshoponCalleSantAna.ThebooksellerwouldletmesitonachairinacornerandreadanybookIlikedtomyheart’scontent.Whenitwastimeformetoleave,Iwoulddosodraggingmyfeet,aweightonmysoul.Ifithadbeenuptome,Iwouldhavestayedthereforever.原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！13/45OneChristmasSemperegavemethatbestgiftIhadeverreceived.“Greatexpectations,byCharlesDickens,”Ireadonthecover.IwasawarethatSempereknewafewauthorswhofrequentedhisestablishment(企业)and,judgingbythecarewithwhichhehandledthevolume,IthoughtperhapsthisMr.Dickenswasoneofthem.“Afriendofyours?”,Iasked.“Alifelongfriend.Andfromnowon,he’syourfriendtoo.”Sempereanswered.ThatafternoonItookmynewfriendhome.Itwasarainywinter,withdaysasgrayaslead,andIreadGreatExpectationsaboutninetimes,partlybecauseIhadnootherbookathand,partlybecauseIdidnotthinktherecouldbeabetteroneinthewholeworldandIwasbeginningtosuspectthatMr.Dickenshadwrittenitjustforme.SoonIwasconvincedthatIdidn’twanttodoanythingelseinlifebutlearntodowhatMr.Dickenshaddone.AnExcerptfromAngle’sGame1．Thepassageismainlyabout__________.A．theinfluenceoftheauthor’sfatheronhimB．thedifficultiestheauthormetinhischildhoodC．theconnectionbetweentheauthorandDickensD．thedescriptionoftheauthor’sloveofreading2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sfather?A．Hepreferstospendmoneyonfoodratherthanonbooks.B．Helacksaffectionandisnotgeneroustowardshischild.C．Helacksunderstandingofhischild’sliteraryinterest.D．HepaysnoattentiononeducationanddislikesDickens.3．WhatdoestheauthorvaluemostabouttheSempere&SonsBookshop?A．Theopportunitytobuybooksatalowprice.B．Thefriendlyatmospherecreatedbythebookseller.C．Thefreedomtoreadtohisfullestdesire.D．Thewiderangeofbooksavailabletochoosefrom.4．Theunderlinedpartinparagraph4showstheauthor’s__________whenheleftthebookshop.A．reluctanceB．annoyanceC．indifferenceD．regret5．Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheimportanceofreadinginhislife?A．Itservesasameansofresistanceagainsthisfather’swishes.原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！14/45B．Itisatemporarydistractionfromhiseverydayhardships.C．Itprovideshimwithasenseofbelongingandfriendship.D．IthighlightshisfriendshipbetweenSempereandMr.Dickens.【答案】1．D2．C3．C4．A5．C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与书籍的不解之缘，以及阅读对他成长的影响。1andthemysteryoftheirhiddensciencefascinatedme,andIsawinthemakeywithwhichIcouldunlockanewworld.(文字及其隐藏的神秘科学让我着迷，我在其中看到了一把可以打开新世界的钥匙)”和最后一段“SoonIwasconvincedthatIdidn’twanttodoanythingelseinlifebutlearntodowhatMr.Dickenshaddone.(很快我就确信，除了学习狄更斯所做的事情之外，我不想在生活中做任何其他事情)”D项“对作者阅读爱好的描述”最能概括文章主旨。故选D。2．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Myfatherdidn’tliketoseebooksinthehouse.Therewassomethingaboutthemthathim.HeusedtotellmethatI’dbettergetridofallmycrazyideasifIdidn’twanttoendupanobody.(我父亲不喜欢家里有书。书里有什么东西冒犯了他。他过去常常告诉我，如果我不想最终一事无成，最好放弃我所有疯狂的想法)”可知，作者的父亲不理解作者对文学的热爱，认为那是疯狂的想法。故选C。3“ThebooksellerwouldletmesitonachairinacornerandreadanybookIlikedtomyheart’scontent.(书店老板会让我坐在角落里的椅子上，随心所欲地读任何我喜欢的书)”可知，作者最看重Sempere&SonsBookshop的是可以随心所欲地读书。故选C。4．词句猜测题。根据第四段中画线句“Whenitwastimeformetoleave,Iwoulddosodraggingmyfeet,aweightonmysoul.Ifithadbeenuptome,Iwouldhavestayedthereforever.()”脚走。A.reluctance不情愿；B.annoyance恼怒；C.indifference漠不关心；D.regret遗憾。故选A。5．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“SoonIwasconvincedthatIdidn’twanttodoanythingelseinlifebutlearntodowhatMr.Dickenshaddone.(很快我就确信，除了学习狄更斯所做的事情之外，我不想在生活中做任何其他事情)和第四段中“Ifithadbeenuptome,Iwouldhavestayedthereforever.(永远呆在那里)”这本书后如痴如醉地阅读，觉得世上没有比这更好的书，甚至想以后就像狄更斯先生那样写作等内容可以看出，阅读在作者的生活中为他提供了一种归属感，就像朋友一样陪伴着他。故选C。原创