Unit1学生版讲义-一般现在时频率副词的使用-沪教版六年级英语上册

学科教师辅导讲义教学内容一般现在时知识点梳理频率副词的使用时态强化练习一般现在时一般现在时是英语中最基础、最常用的时态之一，主要用于表示经常性、习惯性的动作、客观事实或真理，以及当前的状态或特征。一、核心用法（4大场景）表示经常性、习惯性的动作常搭配频度副词（如always,usually,often,sometimes,never等）或固定时间状语（如everyday,onSundays,twiceaweek等），描述反复发生的行为。She

goes

toschoolbybikeeveryday.她每天骑自行车上学。We

usuallyhavep.m.nerat7p.m.我们通常晚上7点吃晚饭。表示客观事实、真理或自然规律描述不受时间限制的、永恒成立的事实，无论过去、现在还是未来都适用。Theearth

goes

aroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。Water

boils

at100℃understandardpressure.标准气压下，水在100℃沸腾。表示当前的状态或特征描述主语现在具备的性质、状态或身份，不强调动作的“进行”，而是静态的属性。He

is

astudent.他是一名学生。Thisbook

looks

interesting.这本书看起来很有趣。特殊用法：在时间/条件状语从句中表将来(这一点会在后续课程详细讲解)当主句是一般将来时（will+动词原形）时，if（如果）、when（当……时）、assoonas（一……就）等引导的从句，需用一般现在时表“将来要发生的动作”。I

willcall

youwhenI

arrive

inBeijing.我到北京后会给你打电话。Ifit

rains

tomorrow,we

willstay

athome.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。二、动词形式变化（2类主语，2种情况）一般现在时的动词形式需根据主语的“人称”和“数”变化，核心是第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词/不可数名词）

与“非第三人称单数（I/you/we/they/复数名词）”的区别：主语类型动词形式示例非第三人称单数用动词原形（原形）I

play

football./They

read

books.第三人称单数动词需变“三单形式”He

plays

football./Thecat

eats

fish..动词“三单形式”变化规则（5大规则+特殊）一般情况：直接在动词末尾加s，如play→plays,work→works。以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾：加es，如pass→passes,fix→fixes,wash→washes,teach→teaches,go→goes。以“辅音字母+y”结尾：变y为i，再加es，如study→studies,worry→worries（注意：以“元音字母+y”结尾直接加s，如play→plays）。以“辅音字母+o”结尾的部分动词：加es（常见：do→does,go→goes；例外：photo→photos,piano→pianos）。特殊变化（需记忆）：have→has,be→is。三、常见时间状语（标志性提示词）一般现在时的时间状语多与“频率”“习惯”相关，常见分类如下：频度副词：always（总是）、usually（通常）、often（经常）、sometimes（有时）、seldom（很少）、hardlyever（几乎不）、never（从不）。⭐位置：通常放在实义动词前，be动词/助动词后。She

often

sings./He

is

alwayslate.固定时间短语：everymorning/week/month/year（每天/周/月/年）、onMondays（每周一）、onceaweek（每周一次）、twiceamonth（每月两次）、everyotherday（每隔一天）。无明确时间状语（隐含习惯）：部分句子无明显时间词，但根据语境可判断为习惯性动作。Igetupearly.（隐含“每天”的习惯）。四、句式结构（肯定句/否定句/一般疑问句/特殊疑问句）以动词“play”（实义动词）和“be”（系动词）为例，对比不同句式的结构：1.肯定句动词类型非第三人称单数主语第三人称单数主语例句实义动词...+动词原形+...主语+动词三单+...Iplaybasketball./Heplaysbasketball.系动词主语+am/is/are+...主语+is+...Iamhappy./Sheishappy..2.否定句动词类型非第三人称单数主语第三人称单数主语例句实义动词主语+don't+动词原形+...主语+doesn't+动词原形+...Idon'tplaybasketball./Hedoesn'tplaybasketball.系动词主语+amnot/isnot/arenot+主语+isnot（isn't）+...Iamnothappy./Sheisn'thappy..3.一般疑问句（回答用Yes/No）动词类型非第三人称单数主语第三人称单数主语例句（提问+回答）实义动词Do+主语+动词原形+...?Does+主语+动词原形+.?—Doyouplaybasketball?—Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.—Doesheplaybasketball?—Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.系动词Am/Are+主语+...?Is+主语+...?—Areyouhappy?—Yes,Iam./No,I'mnot.—Isshehappy?—Yes,sheis./No,sheisn't..4.特殊疑问句（用疑问词引导：what/where/when/how/why等）动词类型结构例句实义动词疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+...?—WhatdoyoudoonSundays?（你周日做什么？）—Ireadbooks.—Howdoeshegotoschool?（他怎么上学？）—Hewalks.系动词疑问词+am/are/is+主语+...?—Whereareyoufrom?（你来自哪里？）—I'mfromChina.—Whyisshesad?（她为什么难过？）—Becauseshelostherpe.频率副词的使用一、核心频率副词分类（按“频率高低”排序）首先需明确不同副词的“频率范围”，这是词义辨析题的关键，也是写作中准确表达的前提。频率等级副词频率范围中文含义例句（上海教材常见）100%（总是）always每次都发生，无例外总是She

always

getsupat6a.m.（她总是早上6点起床）90%（几乎总是）usually多数情况下发生通常We

usually

havemathclassesonMonday.（我们通常周一有数学课）80%（经常）often发生次数较多经常He

often

playsbasketballafterschool.（他经常放学后打篮球）60%（有时）sometimes偶尔发生，不频繁有时They

sometimes

gotothecinemaonweekends.（他们有时周末去看电影）30%（很少）seldom几乎不发生，频率低很少Myfather

seldom

watchesTV.（我爸爸很少看电视）10%（几乎不）hardly(ever)接近不发生，强调“困难”几乎不She

hardlyever

eatsfastfood.（她几乎从不吃快餐）0%（从不）never完全不发生从不I

never

lateforschool.（我上学从不迟到）.二、频率副词的核心使用规则（必考点）1.位置规则：“三前一后”（针对实义动词/be动词/情态动词/助动词）这是最易出错的考点，需根据谓语动词的类型判断位置：规则1：修饰实义动词（如play,eat,go）→放在动词之前（实义动词：表示具体动作的词，如run,read,write）He

often

readsEnglishbooks.（√，often在实义动词reads前）Hereads

often

Englishbooks.（×）规则2：修饰be动词（am/is/are/was/were）→放在be动词之后She

isalways

kindtoherclassmates.（√，always在be动词is后）She

alwaysis

kindtoherclassmates.（×）规则3：修饰情态动词（can/may/must/should）→放在情态动词之后You

canusually

finishthehomeworkinanhour.（√，usually在情态动词can后）You

usuallycan

finishthehomework.（×）规则4：修饰助动词（do/does/did/will/have）→放在助动词之后（助动词：无实际含义，仅辅助构成时态/否定/疑问，如do用于一般现在时否定）They

donotoften

goshopping.（√，often在助动词do后）They

oftendonot

goshopping.（×）2.时态搭配：多与“一般现在时”连用频率副词描述“习惯性、经常性的动作”，因此最常搭配一般现在时；若描述过去的习惯，可搭配一般过去时Heoftenplayedfootballwhenhewas10.⚠️注意：不与“现在进行时”（表正在发生）或“一般将来时”（表未来单次动作）直接搭配。Heisalwaysreading.（×，若想表达“总是在读书”，需结合语境，但基础考点中优先一般现在时）Healwaysreads.（√）3.否定与疑问：借助助动词，副词位置不变否定句：在助动词（do/does/did）后加“not”，频率副词仍放在“助动词后、实义动词前”。She

doesnotoften

drinkcoffee.（她不常喝咖啡）一般疑问句：将助动词（do/does/did）提前，频率副词放在“主语后、实义动词前”。Do

you

usually

walktoschool?（你通常步行上学吗？）Does

Tom

sometimes

playthepiano?（汤姆有时弹钢琴吗？）三、高频考点及典型例题考点1：频率副词词义辨析（单选/完形）解题关键：根据语境判断“动作发生的频率”，匹配对应的副词。例1（上海某校月考题）：Mygrandparentslivefarfromus,sowe______gotovisitthemonweekends.A.alwaysB.seldomC.oftenD.usually例2（上海中考模拟题）：—How______doyouplaybadminton?—Twiceaweek.A.oftenB.longC.soonD.far考点2：频率副词位置判断（单选/句型转换）解题关键：先判断谓语动词类型（实义动词/be动词/情态动词），再套用“三前一后”规则。例1（上海七年级期末题）：Lucy______lateforschool.Sheisagoodstudent.A.isneverB.neverisC.neverbeD.benever例2（句型转换）：Tomplaysbasketballafterschool.（用often改写）__________________________________________考点3：频率副词与时态的搭配（单选/完形）解题关键：根据“时间提示词”判断时态，再确定频率副词的使用。例（上海八年级月考题）：WhenIwasyoung,I______listentopopmusic,butnowIlikeclassicalmusic.A.alwaysB.willalwaysC.amalwaysD.wasalways考点4：对频率副词提问（句型转换）解题关键：无论原句中频率副词是哪一个，提问都用“Howoften

+一般疑问句”。例（上海七年级句型转换题）：Theysometimesgoswimminginsummer.（对划线部分提问）___________________________________________________四、常见易错点提醒hardlyvs.hard：hardly是频率副词（“几乎不”），hard是副词（“努力地”），不可混淆。Heworks

hard（努力工作）,buthe

hardly（几乎不）hastimetorest.seldomvs.not...often：seldom表示“很少”，语气比not...often更强。Sheseldomeatsmeat=Shedoesn’tofteneatmeat.never的否定：never本身表“从不”，不可再用not否定。Ineverdon’twatchTV.（×），IneverwatchTV.（√）。【一般现在时专项练习】一、单项选择1．Mr.Zhangusually________thebiketothesubwaystation.A．rides B．takes C．crosses D．drives2．Jackalwayswithhisbrother.A．playbadminton B．playsfootballC．playingbasketball D．toplaybadminton3．Dannysometimes__________thismotherhisnewstamps.A．show B．shows C．tell D．tells4．Mybrother________asoccerballbutI________.A．have;don’t B．has;not C．have;not D．has;don’t5．Inthefirstphoto________mygrandparents.A．be B．am C．is D．are6．Lucy,________hermother,________playingthepianoverymuch.A．like;islike B．islike;like C．like;likes D．likes;islike7．Ilikevegetables,butmysister________.A．isn’t B．is C．doesn’t D．does8．—Don’tworry!There_________enoughspaceinyourbag.—Good,Icanputmorethingsinside.A．was B．are C．were D．is9．Oneoftheboys________apet.Thepetisverycute.A．have B．has C．keep D．save10．Where________LindaandTinaefrom?A．do B．are C．does D．doing11．Mygrandmaoften________TVathome.A．watch B．towatch C．watching D．watches12．Iusually____________withmyaunt.A．goshop B．gotoshopping C．goesshopping D．goshopping13．Mymother____apples,butmyfather_____A．likes;doesn’t B．don’tlike;doC．likes;don’t D．doesn’tlike;do14．I________everyweekend,butmybrother________everyday.A．playtheviolin,playsoccer B．playstheviolin,playssoccerC．playtheviolin,playssoccer D．playstheviolin,playsoccer15．Jackusuallyhishomeworkatschool.A．do B．does C．write D．writes16．WhatKittyofferwithherbrotheratweekends?A．do;do B．does;does C．do;does D．does;todo17．Ifit________tomorrow,wewillgotoShanghaiDisneyland.A．don'train B．doesn'train C．didn'train D．won'train18．Lilyismyclosefriendandshealways_________herlittlesecrets(秘密)withme.A．shares B．share C．tells D．tell19．Whattime_________MrSmithusually_________hisbreakfast?A．do,have B．does,have C．has,had D．has,has20．MynameisRosa.LisaandLindamygoodfriends.A．are B．is C．am D．be21．IwanttolearnfromAlicebecauseshe_________veryhardeveryday.A．work B．working C．works D．worked22．Noneofus_________drinkinghotdrinksinsummer.A．areliking B．likes C．isliking D．tolike23．—Let'splaysoccer.—That________relaxing.A．sounds B．sound C．issound D．soundsis24．Doingpuzzles

________myfavouriteindooractivity.A．are B．is C．was D．tobe25．Itoften________hereinwinter.Look!It’s________again.A．snows;snowing B．snowy;snowingC．snows;snowy D．snowing;snows26．Ihopehisdream_________true.A．toe B．es C．ing D．toing27．Oneofmyfriends________apetdog.Thedog’snameisDuoduo.A．have B．has C．tohave D．having28．Carmenlikesmusicianswho__________differentkindsofmusic.A．plays B．play C．isplaying D．wasplayingdifferent29．Cats________fish.A．eats B．iseating C．eat D．areeat30．IfJoe________toomuchspicyfood,hewillhaveastomachache.A．willeat B．eat C．eats D．toeat31．IoftenseesomeshopswhenI_________home.A．walkedto B．walkto C．walked D．walk32．Diana____________backhomefromAmericaeveryyear.A．flies B．flew C．isflying D．willfly33．WinterSolstice（冬至）______________thearrivalofthecoldestseasonintheyear.A．mark B．marks C．willmark D．marked34．Itusually__________meabout2hourstoflytoBeijing.A．take B．takes C．totake D．taking35．Eddie____toTokyoonceayear.A．willgo B．hasbeen C．hasgone D．goes36．Mycousintogetherwithhisfriends____watchafilm____haveapicnic.A．prefersto,ratherthanto B．preferto,ratherthanC．prefersto,ratherthan D．preferto,ratherthanto37．We__________adolphinshowintheOceanParklastSaturday.A．watched B．willwatch C．watch D．arewatching38．Wewillstayinanairconditionedroomifit________toohotoutside.A．willbe B．is C．won’tbe D．isn’t39．Mycousin,Jack,isagoodboy.Healways_____otherstudents.A．helps B．ishelping C．helped D．willhelp40．Herclassmatesoften_________theirhomeworkintheevening.A．do B．does C．doing D．did41．Jacksometimes____________withhiscousin.A．playfootball B．playsgames C．cooking D．goshopping42．Brucealways______histeethat6:15everymorning.A．brush B．brushes C．isbrushing D．arebrushing43．—Couldyoutellme________?Imustfindhim.—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.Buthewasherejustnow.A．whereTomwas B．wherehasTomgoneC．wherecanIfindTom D．whereTomis44．Mygrandpaoften________forawalkwithhisdogafterdinner.A．go B．goes C．willgo D．hasgone45．Mother________buyanymilktoday.A．needsnot B．doesn’tneedto C．needn’tto D．doesn’tneed46．—Whatdoesshelooklike?—She________ofmediumheightand________glasses.A．is;has B．is;wears C．was;has D．is;wearing47．Alicenever_________TVfromMondaytoFriday.A．watch B．watching C．watched D．watches48．Kitty’sgrandfatherisafarmer.Healways_____cropsandvegetablesinthecountryside.A．cooks B．eats C．grows D．sells49．Mike________outfortravellingwithhisparentsthreetimesayear.A．went B．goes C．going D．go50．Mymotheralways_________toworkearly.A．going B．go C．goes D．willgo51．Hesometimes_________toseeafilmatweekends.A．goes B．go C．togo D．isgoing52．Wilsonisagoodstudent.Healways__________veryhard.A．study B．studies C．studying D．studied53．Ioften__________,becausetheschoolisnearmyhome.A．walkstoschool B．towalkstoschoolC．walktoschool D．walkingtoschoolonfoot54．—Canyoudescribehim?—Sorry,Idon'tknow________he________like.A．what;look B．how;look C．what;looks D．how;looks55．—DoesJack________aTVathome?

—Yes,heoften________footballgamesonTV.A．has;watch B．have;watches C．has;watches D．have;watch56．Lilywithherparentsoften________Englishtogether.A．tospeak B．speaking C．speak D．speaks57．He,________hisfather,________doingoutdoorsportseveryday.A．like;like B．like;likes C．islike;like D．islike;likes58．It’sraininghardoutside.Allofus________stayindoors.A．must B．haveto C．needto D．hadto59．Idon’tknowifEric________thisSunday.Ifhe________here,I’llcallyouatonce.A．wille;wille B．es;esC．es;wille D．wille;es60．He________inhisbestclothes,readyforhiseveningout.A．isdressing B．dresses C．isdressed D．dressed【频率副词专项练习】1．Andydoesn’tlikejunkfoodatall,soshe________eatsit.A．often B．sometimes C．usually D．never2．Joannais________helpingothers.Somanypeoplelikeherverymuch.A．usually B．always C．often D．sometimes3．LiHongis________lateforclass.Sheisalwaysthefirsttoetoschool.A．sometimes B．usually C．often D．never4．Cathyis________lateforschoolbecauseshegetsupearlyeveryday.A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．never5．—Howdoesheusuallyetoschool?—He________walkstoschool.Hisfatherneverdriveshimtoschool.A．never B．always C．seldom D．sometimes6．—HowoftendoesSamgotothegym?—________.Hedoesn’tlikesports.A．Seldom B．Usually C．Often D．Always7．Marydoesn’tlikemeatverymuchand________hasitfordinner.A．usually B．never C．always D．often8．Tinagetstoschoolearlyeveryday.Sheis________lateforclass.A．often B．usually C．never D．sometimes9．Jone________brusheshisteethbeforebedtime.Hehasabadtoothache.A．always B．usually C．often D．never10．I___________readbooksafterteno’clock.Becauseit’stoolate.A．always B．sometimes C．never D．often11．Kategoestoschoolearlyeverymorningandsheis________lateforlessons.A．always B．often C．sometimes D．never12．Rickgetsupearlyeverydayandhe’s________lateforschool.A．always B．never C．usually D．sometimes13．Mary________wearsblackclothes.Shedoesn’tlikeblack.A．usually B．often C．sometimes D．never14．—Doesyouryoungerbrotherplayputergames?—No,he________playsthem.Healwaysreadsbooksaboutscience.A．sometimes B．often C．never D．usually15．—Mr.Wang________getsupearly.—Yes,soheis________lateforwork.A．always;always B．always;neverC．always;often D．never;never16．Mary________getsuplateandsheisthefirstonetogettotheclassroomallthetime.A．always B．never C．usually D．often17．—Peopleshould________pickuptherubbishwhenevertheyseeit.—That’strue.It’sgoodfortheenvironment.A．always B．never C．sometimes D．seldom18．Lucygetsupearlyeveryweekday.Soshe________missesthebus.A．always B．never C．usually D．sometimes19．Lucyis________lateforschool.Sheisalwaysthefirsttoetoschool.A．often B．always C．usually D．never20．I________readinbedbecauseIknowit’sbadformyeyes.A．always B．usually C．sometimes D．never21．Mr.Whiteis________kind,soallofthestudentslikehimverymuch.A．always B．sometimes C．never D．often22．—Doyouusuallygotoschoolbycar,Rick?—No,________.Irideabiketoschooleverydaybecauseit’sgoodformybody.A．never B．sometimes C．often D．always23．LiuTao_________finisheshishomeworkbeforedinner.It’sagoodhabit.A．usually B．sometimes C．often D．never24．—Howoftendoyoueatfruits?—________aweek.A．Threetime B．Three C．Threetimes D．Third25．—Doyouknowthisboy?Heworksreally________.—Yes,Ican________seehimplay.Healwaysstudies.A．hardly;hardly B．hard;hardly C．hard;hard D．hardly;hard26．Tokeepslim,Sandy________eatsanysnacksorsweetfood.A．seldom B．never C．often D．always27．Lilyismybestfriend.She________makesmehappywhenI’msad.A．usually B．sometimes C．seldom D．always28．________sayEnglishistoodifficultforustolearn.Wecanlearnitwellwithefforts.A．Always B．Sometimes C．Seldom D．Never29．—Ella,doyoulikethisgreendress?—Sorry,I________weargreendresses.Idon’tlikethiscolour.A．always B．often C．sometimes D．seldom30．Iplaybasketballwithmyfriends_________aweek.A．twice B．two C．second D．twotime31．—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?—No,thanks.I________drinkit.Ithinkwateristhebest.A．often B．seldom C．usually D．always32．—Ihate(讨厌)vegetables.I_________eatthem.—Buttheyaregoodforyourhealth!Youshouldeatthemeveryday.A．always B．seldom C．often D．usually33．Mymotherisverybusy,soshe________watchesTVonweekdays.A．usually B．always C．often D．seldom34．Theweather________fineinJuly.A．usuallyis B．isusually C．usually D．usuallybe35．He________takesabustowork.Butthismorning,herodeabike.A．never B．hardly C．seldom D．usually36．—Doeshedrinkcoffeeortea?—Heusuallydrinkstea,but________hedrinkscoffee.A．often B．usually C．never D．sometimes37．—WhydoyoulikeDale?—Becausehe________helpsmewhenIneedhim.A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．always38．Hamburgersaredelicious,butI________eatthem.Theyarenothealthy.A．often B．always C．seldom D．sometimes39．I________gorollerskatingonweekdaysbecauseIdon’thavemuchtime.A．seldom B．sometimes C．often D．usually40．TheWhitesdon’tliketoeatout.They________cookmealsathome.A．often B．sometimes C．seldom D．never【课后作业】I.Writethethirdpersonsingularformofthefollowingverbs（写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式）1.be 2.have3.do 4.go5.break 6.discuss7.mix 8.stay9.study 10.watchII.Choosethebestanswers（选择最恰当的答案）()1.capitalofNewZealandisWellington.A.A B.An C.The D./()2.Theinformationtheprojectsisveryuseful.A.for B.to C.about D.as()3.StudentsinAmericagotoschooltheageofsix.A.in B.at C.outside D.on()4.Theyalwaystakeadviceandmakedeliciousfoodforus.A.I B.me C.my D.mine()5.Thereare schoolclubsinourschool.A.much B.lotof C.lotsof D.less()6.Thebabyusuallywhenheishungry.A.cry B.iscrying C.cries D.willcry()7.Idon'tlikethisdress.Pleaseshowmeone.A.other B.another C.theother D.others()8.Tom,tidyupyourroomquickly.It'stoountidy.A.to B.don't C.notto D./()9.Canyoutellmeyourschoollifelookslike?A.what B.how C.why D.which()10.They fortheirvacationthisFriday.A.leave B.areleavingC.leaves D.willbeleave()11.Thereabottleofwaterandsomeapplesonthetable.Youcantakethemtoschool.A.be B.been C.is D.are()12.Dolphinsaresocleverthattheycanfollowthe.A.experimentsB.instructions C.information D.activity()13.Aliceoftencatchesacoldshehasanunhealthyeatinghabit.A.so B.but C.because D.or()14.doestheSTEMclubbegin?Itbeginsat15:30everyTuesday.A.What B.Howlong C.How D.Whattime()15.MayIhavealookatyournewLegotoy?Hereyouare.A.Ofcourse.