高考英语二轮复习：阅读理解（含解析）

（1）阅读理解—2023届高考英语一轮复习揭秘高考原题【全国卷】一、高考原题1（2022年全国甲卷）.TheatresandEntertainmentStDavid'sHall

StDavid'sHallistheawardwinningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartofCardiff’sentertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2,000-seatconcerthall,StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.Itpresentsliveentertainment,includingpop,rock,folk,jazz,musicals,dance,worldmusic,filmsandclassicalmusic.TheHayes,CardiffCF101AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.ukTheGleeClub

Everyweekendthisis"Wales"premiercomedyclubwherehavingagreattimeistheorderforbothaudiencesandcomedystarsalike.Itishardtonameacomedystarwhohasn'tbeenonthestagehere.Ifyouarelookingforthebestcomediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere.MermaidQuay,CardiffBay,CardiffCF105BZwww.glee.co.uk/cardiffShermanCymru

ShermanCymru'stheatreintheCathaysareaofCardiffreopenedinFebruary2012.Thisspecialbuildingisaplaceinwhichtheatreismadeandwherechildren,artists,writersandanyoneelsehavetheopportunity(机会)todocreativethings.ShermanCymruisexcitedtopresentapackedprogrammeoftheverybesttheatre,dance,familyshowsandmusicfromWalesandtherestoftheworld.SenghennyddRoad,CardiffCF244YEwww.shermancymru.co.ukNewTheatre

TheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama,musicals,danceandchildren'sshowsformorethan100years.PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK'stouringshows,theNewTheatreisCardiff'soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.Besuretopayavisitaspartofyourstayinthecity.ParkPlace,CardiffCF103LNwww.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk1.WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted?

A.AttheNewTheatre. B.AttheGleeClub.C.AtShermanCymru. D.AtStDavid'sHall.

2.WhatcanpeopledoattheGleeClub?

A.Watchmusicals. B.Enjoycomedies.

C.Seefamilyshows. D.Docreativethings.

3.WhichwebsitecanyouvisittolearnaboutCardiff'soldestsurvivingtheatre?

A.www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk B.www.shermancymru.co.uk

C.www.glee.co.uk/Cardiff D.www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk2.

（2022年全国甲卷）

Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada"keyhole"inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan"allocentricframeofreference".Intheexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.1.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions. B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround. D.Byremovingthelid.

2.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A.Usingakeytounlockadoor. B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.

C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole. D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

3.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyareabletosee.

B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.

D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.

4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckers

B.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners

C.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-Readers

D.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters3.

（2022年全国甲卷）

AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鹅)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.

Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(职业)asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge.

AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland."IjustdecidedIwantedtogo,"shesays."IhadnoideaaboutwhatI'dfindthereandIwasn'tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway."

InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'dnevermetbefore,tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica."Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,"Ginnisays."IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater."

Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.1.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"taketheplunge"underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Trychallengingthings. B.Takeadegree.

C.Bringbacklostmemories. D.Sticktoapromise.

2.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?

A.Lovelypenguins. B.Beautifulscenery.

C.Adiscountfare. D.Afriend'sinvitation.

3.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?

A.Itcouldbeahomeforher. B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.

C.Itshouldbewellpreserved. D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Achildhooddream. B.Anunforgettableexperience.

C.Sailingaroundtheworld. D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.二、考情分析I社会文化类文化类文章的选材一般以中西方文化差异或者社会文化现象为重点，如礼仪、语言、生活习惯，价值观等，题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。体裁以议论文、记叙文居多，但是也有说明文。而且往往一篇文章表达一个主题。文化类阅读理解的设题一般都是以考查文章的细节为主，兼顾考查考生推理判断的能力。因此，考生答题时要能准确定位，根据试题要求到文章中去寻找相应的答案。做这类题时，考生的英语语言知识和社会常识都发挥着重要的作用，遇到熟悉的题材时，若对题目把握不准，考生可以在立足文章内容的基础上结合社会常识来解答此类题。对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：1.增加英语词汇量、掌握语法和习惯用法。在复习过程中加强对语言基础知识的掌握。普通中学毕业生应具备2000~3500的词汇量，并掌握其词类、意思和基本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定词组、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目。2.扩大知识面，认真研读历届高考题。从近年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料会更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，因此，要阅读更多关于社会文化背景知识的内容，通过阅读丰富自己的知识。同时，要认真研读近五年的高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应选材特点，熟悉题材和体裁，了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。II科普知识类从文章的体裁看，这类文章一般都是说明文，通过对某种自然现象、某项科学研究、某个最新发现等的详细描述，让大家认识、了解某方面的科学知识，并学会在生活中运用这种知识。有时候科普知识类文章的体裁也可能为记叙文，通常叙述与某项发明或发现相关的人物及事件。科普知识类文章的设题一般都以考查文章的细节为主。因此，答题时，只要抓住主要信息，仔细比较题目与原文信息的异同，一般便可以作出正确选择。不过，这类题目的文章往往专业性较强，专业术语多，阅读起来较为困难，但是，这类题目的命题一般都很简单，且生词不会影响考生做题。因此，做题时要学会“跳读”，即要跳过有些不影响做题和理解文章内容的生词，只要抓住核心词句即可。III人物故事类这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生、发展或结局有人物、时间、地点和事件。人物故事类文章一般较长，题目多为细节理解题和推理判断题。考生在做此类阅读理解题时往往有材料看得懂但题目不好做的感觉。因此，考生在阅读文章时要把重点放在事情发展的过程和结果进程及人物之间的关系、细节与主题的关系及用以说明人物性格特点的事实、作者的态度等，这些内容往往是推理判断题的命题点。掌握了这些内容，考生在做推理判断题时，就不会以个人思维想象代替根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，也只有这样才不会以偏概全。至于细节理解题的解答，考生切忌想当然或者凭印象，一定要找到文章中的原句和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。IV应用广告类高考广告类短文贴近学生生活，如学习、旅游、保健、购物、招生、招聘、餐饮、网络交流等，这类短文有以下几个特点：（1）篇幅短小，形式灵活，信息量大。无论整篇广告还是数则广告，都很短小精悍，但其中的信息可能较多甚至较为纷繁。（2）用词和句法简练。广告用词筒单，句法以简单句为主，目的是让读者一目了然，很快捕捉到信息。（3）专有名词和缩略词多。广告涉及的商品和活动以及人物等经常以专有名词出现，而时间、地点等经常以缩略词出现。（4）生词多。广告涉及领城众多、涉及面广，因此会有生词，但往往不影响阅读。广告类短文的试题多是以获取信息为主的细节理解题，即考查考生对广告具体细节的了解、分析和概括等能力。阅读此类短文需要考生具备较好的skimming（略读）和scanning（细查）的阅读技能，即快速读懂文章大意和寻找目标信息。1.题干定位法：先阅读题干，然后根据问题按照题目顺序有针对性地结合题干中的关键词到文中定位，阅读相关部分并快速寻找有效信息，再将原文和选项进行比较。当问题与原文材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。2.补全成分法：省略词和省略句在应用文中大量出现。对于影响语境理解的省略情况，应将省略句补全，从而更加准确地理解其意思。3.信息再加工法：主要用于词义或句意推测题以及涉及数字转换的推理判断题。需要对原文相关信息作正确理解，并通过推理判断或计算对信息进行再加工。V生态环保类高考题中，常见的热门题材主要有：人与自然的和谐发展，人与自然的生态现状和未来发展，环保的生活方式，生态旅游，生态农业等。考生在平时学习中要有关注热点环保题材的意识，把握环保新潮流，留心相关题材的文章特点，这样在做这类题时才会得心应手。VI史地常识类史地常识类文章通常介绍历史事件、异域风光等。在选材方面，多选择说英语的国家的主要名胜历史事件等。在设题方面，通常以细节题为主，同时也有一定的主观推断题。命题的形式通常多样，可能涉及图表题、数字计算题、排序题、表格题等。对此类试题，要特别注意积累与西方社会的风土人情、社交活动、风俗习惯及历史事件有关的专业英语常识。平时养成读书看报的习惯，勤于积累，提高文化素质，掌握已经考过的英语常识试题，在此基础上，进一步丰富常识。此外，要掌握必要的解题技巧，考生可运用英语学科知识，联系有关的历史地理知识，从材料中抓住关键词，获取和解读有效信息，分析历史、地理试题的内涵和外延，并结合选项进行甄别、筛选，做出综合思考和理性的判断，从而选出最符合题意要求的选项。VII新闻报道类新闻报道类文章都具有时代性，材料反映当代社会的某个方面。新闻报道类文章要点突出，主题鲜明；一般来说，看文章的首段或者首句便可知全文的主要内容，如时间、地点、人物等；新闻报道类文章清楚地告知读者when，where，who，what，how等内容。1.泛读各类文章，积累背景知识。做阅读时，背景知识对阅读理解水平有着重要的影响。因此，考生对文章内容的熟悉程度有时要比其本身的语言水平更重要。所以考生在复习迎考时，要有针对性地选读一些有关各学科知识的文章，留意各类评论性文章，增加一些背景知识，有意识地强化记忆有关词汇，以便能理解考试中将会遇到的各种内容的文章，从而达到事半功倍的效果。2.重视文章的首段、首句。一般来说，根据文章第一段或者仅仅根据第一句话便可知全文的主要内容，如事件、时间、地点、人物等。3.在阅读中要忽略人名、地名，不要被这些专有名词弄乱自己的思路和情绪，但要理清地点的位置及人物之间的关系4.做题时要先读问题，再读文章，之后再回归问题。三、变式训练4.PersonalizedDayTourintheNetherlands

Gaincloseinsight(洞察力)intotheNetherlands'artisticworksonthisprivatewalktourfromAmsterdam,ledbyaprofessionalarthistorian.Benefitfromyourguide'sinsiderknowledgetocreateafullypersonalizedjourney.Choosefromavastrangeofmuseums,galleries,andattractionsacrosstheregion,suchastheVanGoghMuseuminAmsterdam,MauritshuisRoyalPictureGalleryinTheHague,orKeukenhofGardens.CountrysideBikeTour

Cycleawayfromtheurbannoiseanddisappearintothecountrysideonthisguidedbiketour,whichlastsabout5hours.Visitahistoricalwindmill,afarmhouseandfactoryofDutchstyles.ThisenjoyableridetakesyoursmallgroupalongtheAmstelRiver,pastcountryvillagesandgreenfieldsdottedwithcows.LearnaboutruralDutchtraditionsandhistory,andfinishyourtourexploringAmsterdam'sparksincludingVondelpark,AmsterdamseBosandBeatrixpark.GuidedCanoe(轻舟)Adventure

PaddlethroughHolland'sWaterlandareaona5-hourcanoeexperiencefromAmsterdam.Withanexpertguide,travelnorthtoWaterland.Then,boardacanoeandpaddlearoundthedreamlikewaterways.Enjoythesoundofbirdsongandscentsofwildplants,andhearabouttheregion'straditionalwayoflife.Stopforaswimiftheweatherallows,andvisitanislandforapicnicoflocalproduce.Numberslimitedto10forasmall-groupexperience.DaytriptoBruges

DiscoverthecharmsofBrugesonthis12-hourtripfromAmsterdam.Asyoutravelbybus,learnaboutthehistoryofBelgium.ExplorethecityofBruges,visitingtheMarketSquare,TownHall,andotherhistoricsights.Experienceandlearnabouttheamazingcultureofthiscity,especiallyabouttheChurchofOurLadyandenjoyabitoffreetimebeforeyourreturntotheNetherlands.1.Whichtripisbestforanartstudent?

A.PersonalizedDayTourintheNetherlands. B.CountrysideBikeTour.

C.GuidedCanoeAdventure. D.DaytriptoBruges.

2.Whatisthemaindifferenceamongthefourtrips?

A.Lengthoftime. B.Meansoftransport.

C.Placeofdeparture. D.Sizeofgroup.

3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Atraveldairy. B.AguidetoBruges.

C.Ahistorytextbook. D.Atravelwebsite.5.

TheownersofaFloridaMcDonald'srestauranthavebestowed(授予)someincredibleholidayjoyononelocalfamilywhose15-year-oldsonwithautism(自闭症)hasbeenenthusiasticallydrawingthegoldenarchessincehewasalittleboy.

AfterHurricaneMichaeldestroyedtheirMcDonald'sbuildinginPanamaCity,Devon'smom,TiffanyWinters,postedonsocialmediaaskingifanyonecouldrecoverthefamous"goldenarches",withwhichhersonplannedtoparticipateinahand-madearticlecompetition,togivetoherson.

"WhenweheardaboutDevon'sstoryandhisloveforthegoldenarches,weknewwehadtodosomethingspecialforhimandhisfamily,"saidMcDonald'sOwnerTimandTracyJohnstonewhoownsevenrestaurants,fourinPanamaCity.

Notonlydidtheydeliverthegoldenarchthatwassavedfromtheruins,theyalsobroughtDevonintohislocalMcDonald'stoexperiencebeinganemployeefortheday.Afterthatday,theykeptintouchwiththeteenandwantedtomakehisholidaysuperspecialthissummer,"justlikethatday".

InJuly,therestaurantownerssurprisedthefamilymembers,wholiveinthecountryside40milesfromthenearesttown,withamuch-needednewcar.ThevehiclewillensureDevoncangettoschool,andanydoctor."Thisissofaraboveandbeyond,"saidBrentWinters,Devon'sfather."Toreceiveacarinarealtimeofneedisgoingtochangeourlives."

"ItwastrulysuchanhonortoseeDevon'sfacelightupwhenhesawhisgifts.Andthefactthatwecouldhelphimandhisfamilymeanseverything,"Johnstonessaid."Youhearallnegative(否定的)newsintheworld.Youdon'thearalotofthegoodstories,"addedBrent."Soit'snicetobepartofone."1.WhydidTiffanyWinterspostonthenet?

A.Toseekhelpfromthepublicforherson. B.TogettheattentionofMcDonaldowners.

C.Tocallonpeopletorebuildgoldenarches. D.Toencouragehersontotakepartinacompetition.

2.WheredidDevon'sfamilylive?

A.InPanamaCity. B.Inaremotevillage.

C.InFlorida. D.NearalocalMcDonald.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"one"refertointhelastparagraph?

A.Abadnews. B.Afact.

C.Anhonor. D.Agoodstory.

4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?

A.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending. B.Arosegivenleavesfragranceinyourhand.

C.Acandlelightsothersandconsumesitself. D.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.6.

Whilemosthotelsneedimprovements,veryfewgetupgradedasfrequentlyastheICEHOTELinJukkasjärvi,Sweden.Constructedentirelyfromamixtureofsnowandice,or"snice",thestructurehasbeenrebuiltfromthegroundupeveryyearsince1989,witheachrebuildingmorefantasticthantheprevious.The28thICEHOTEL,whichopenedforbusinessonDecember15,isnoexception.

Theseasonalhotel's19delicatelysculptedsuites(套房)ofvariousthemesaretheworkofartiststhathavebeencarefullyselectedfromovertwohundredapplicantsfromaroundtheworld.Thisyear'sroomsfeatureclouds,apairofastronauts,andevenKingKong,withallcarvedfrom"snice",ofcourse.

Creatingsuchicysplendor(壮丽的事物)isnoeasytask.PreparationforeachICEHOTELbeginsinMarch,whenabout5000tonsoficeisharvestedfromthenearbyTorneRiverandplacedincoldstorage.ConstructionbeginsseriouslyinlateOctoberwhenapproximatelyahundredworkers,halfofthemartists,landedonthearea.Theshort-livedhotelusuallyopensforbusinessinlateNovember,orearlyDecember,andmeltsbyearlyApril.

Guestswishingtoexperiencethefreezingroomsduringthewarmerspringandsummermonthsnowhavetheoptionofstayingattheyear-oldICEHOTEL365.Constructedfrom1000cubicmetersof"snice",thepermanentstructurethatmeasures22600-square-footfeatures20rooms.Visitorscanchoosebetweenthesplendidsuites,orstayinoneofthebeautifullysculptedartsuites.Incaseyouarewondering,theICEHOTEL365remainsfrozenthanksto6500squarefeetofsolarpanels(电池板)thathelpkeeptheheatout!

Notsurprisingly,theuniquehotel'spopularityhasresultedinanumberofcopycats.SimilarstructurescannowbefoundinCanada,Norway,Finland,andRomania.However,fortruefans,theoriginalisthebestandgrandestofall!1.Whatcanweinferaboutthe28thICEHOTEL?

A.Itismoreexpensivethantheformerones. B.Itwasconstructedby200artistsandworkers.

C.ItbegantoreceiveguestsinlateNovember. D.Itdiffersfromthepreviousonesinfeatures.

2.HowmanymonthsinayearcanyouliveinacommonICEHOTEL?

A.About2months. B.About5months.

C.About9months. D.About12months.

3.WhatkeepsICEHOTEL365frozenallyearround?

A.Perfectstructure. B.Snowandice.

C.Solarpanels. D.Workers'efforts.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.Sweden'sICEHOTELOpensforthe28thYear

B.ArtistsMadethe28thICEHOTELtheBestOne

C.SuccessfulRebuildingoftheFantasticICEHOTEL

D.AWonderfulDestinationforWinterTourists7.

Thanksgivingisconnectedwithturkey,footballandpilgrims(朝圣者).Buthowmanyofthesethingstrulycelebrategratitude(感激)?Whataboutyourfamily?Isitmoreaboutthefoodandfootball,ordoyouseizethemomentandexpressyourthankfulness?BeforeyoustartyourThanksgivingDayfeast,herearesomecreativetraditionstosharewithyourfamily.Organizeyourownfooddrive.

Asawayofsayingthanksbypayingitforward,organizeyourownfooddrivebyaskingguestscomingtoThanksgivingdinnertobringalongacannedfooditemtodonatetoalocalfoodcharityorganization.CreateafamilyThanksgivingalbum.

Reflectingonyourmemoriesfromtripsortimewithfriendsisagreatwaytocounttheblessingsoflife.Haveeveryonewritesomethingthey'rethankfulforalongsidethepictures.BringoutthealbumeachThanksgivingandcontinuethetradition.Say"thanks"atdinner.

Puteveryone'snameintoabowl,anddrawnamesbeforedinner.Afterwards,sharewhyyou'rethankfultothepersonwhosenameyoudrewandwhatqualityinhimorheryouadmiremost.Collectgratitudestones.

Passoutsmoothstonesandapentoeveryoneandhavethemwritedownaword,symbolorphraseonthestonetosignifywhattheyaremostthankfulfor.Placethestonesinabaskettobringouteachyear,addingmoretothecollection.

Thissimpleactofshowinglovetoothersbysaying"thankyou"—nomatterhowyouchoosetosaythosetwoimportantwords—isacontagious(可感染的)actthatwillchangeyourheartintheprocess.1.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothecurrentThanksgiving?

A.Dissatisfied. B.Supportive. C.Objective. D.Interested.

2.WhichThanksgivingtraditioncanhelpyouthinkofthepast?

A.Saying"thanks"atdinner. B.Collectinggratitudestones.

C.Organizingyourownfooddrive. D.CreatingafamilyThanksgivingalbum.

3.Whatshouldyoudowhilecollectinggratitudestones?

A.Pickupasmoothstone. B.Putthestonesintoabowl.

C.Writedownyourfullnameonly. D.Bringalongacannedfooditem.8.

AccordingtoCBSMinnesota,thegoldenretriever(寻回犬)namedMarvelwastheonlyoneinherlitterbornwithoutafrontrightpaw(爪子).She'ssincebeentakeninbytheWilliamsfamilyinWaconia,whose7-year-oldson,PaxtonWilliams,hadhisrightlegcutawaythreeyearsago.

RollingOaksGoldensbreederBarbFeltfoundtheWilliamsfamilythroughanotherfriend,Paxton'sdoctor."Whenshewasborn,weknewrightawayshehadaspecialpurpose,"Feltsaid."Wewantedhertogoinahomewithsomeonewhohadalimb(肢体)difference."

Paxtonwasbornbeforethetimewasenough,whichcausedtheboytodevelopaseriousprobleminhisrightleg,whichstuntedthelimb'sgrowth.Threeyearsago,Paxton'sparentsmadethedifficultdecisiontohavetheboy'srightlegamputatedandreplacedwithanartificiallimb.Paxton'smother,Stephanie,appreciateshowtheirnewpetadditionhelpshersonnormalizehisphysicaldifferences.

"Itgiveshimtheopportunitytotellthekids,'Oh,she'smissingapaw,she'slikeme,'"themomexplained."Andlikeitgiveshimthatvoice,too,toadvocateforhimself."

Blaine,Paxton'sfather,hasalsobeenmovedbyseeingPaxtonandMarvelenjoywalkstogetherontrailsneartheirhouse."It'sliketheyknewtheywerespecial,"Blainesaid."Theamountofemotionswasrunningthroughmeatthetime,"hecontinued."Itwasjustawesomebecauseshewasintheperfectplaceattheperfecttime."

Marvelmightneedawheelchairoranartificialpawofherownasshegrowslargerandgetsolder.ThefamilyhopesthatPaxtonwillsomedaybeabletorunwithhisartificiallegandthatMarvelwillbetheretorunbesidehim.1.WhendidPaxtonloseoneofhislimbs?

A.Whenhewasborn. B.Whenhemetthepet.

C.Whenhewasfouryearsold. D.Whenhewassevenyearsold.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"stunted"inParagraph3mean?

A.Makingsomethinggrowhealthily. B.Stoppingsomethingfromgrowingnormally.

C.Helpingsomethingtodeveloprapidly. D.Forcingsomethingtodeveloppartly.

3.HowdidBlainefeelaboutthecompanyofMarvel?

A.Horrible. B.Grateful. C.Addictive. D.Uncertain.

4.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Aboyfoundapetdoginthestreet. B.Thegoldenretrieversavedherowner.

C.TheWilliamsadoptedagoldenretriever. D.Adisabledboyadoptedadogwithoutapaw.

答案以及解析1.答案：1-3DBA

解析：1.理解具体信息。根据StDavid'sHall部分中的"Withanimpressive2,000-seatconcerthall,StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff"可知答案,故选D项。

2.理解具体信息。根据TheGleeClub部分中的"comedyclub""Ifyouarelookingforthebestcomedies"可知,人们在这里可以欣赏到喜剧。故选B项。

3.理解其体信息。根据NewTheatre部分中的"PresentingthebestoftheWestEnd...Cardiff'soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre"可知网站为www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk。故选A项。2.答案：1-4BCDD

解析：1.理解具体信息。根据第一段中的"Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskillfulattooluse"可知,实验中凤头鹦鹉通过使用工具拿到了盒子里的果仁,故选B项。

2.推断。根据第二段首句"Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage"可知,在大约一岁时,婴儿就能将圆形物体放入圆孔中,由此可推知C项正确。

3.理解具体信息。根据最后一段信息可知,研究人员下一步将查明凤头鹦鹉是否完全依靠视觉线索还是也需要使用触觉来对物体的形状作出选择。

4.理解文章主旨要义。综观全文,尤其是根据文章首句"Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old"可知,文章主要讲述凤头鹦鹉出色的形状识别能力。故D项作文章标题最佳。3.答案：1-4ACCB

解析：1.理解词汇。根据第二段首句"Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel"可知,Ginni从小就喜欢旅行。由本段最后一句话"Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotaketheplunge"可知,当Ginni退休,儿子们离家独立后,她决定是时候冒险尝试,踏上旅途了。故选A。

2.理解具体信息。根据第三段中的"itwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarctica"可知,Ginni发现她可以赶上驶往南极洲的最后一刻的低价船票。故选C。

3.理解观点、态度。根据文章最后一段"Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni"可知,南极洲之旅后,Ginni意识到了那是一片净土,应该受到人类的尊重和保护,这让她深受触动。A项"南极洲可以成为她的家";B项"南极洲理应易达";D项"南极洲需要全面介绍"。故选C项。

4.理解文章主旨要义。文章提及Ginni喜欢旅行,着重介绍了Ginni难忘的南极洲奇遇。A项"一个童年梦想",与全文主题不符;C项"环游世界",范畴超过了本文内容;D项"遇见南极洲的动物",以偏概全。故选B项。4.答案：1-3ABD解析：1.细节理解题。根据PersonalizedDayTourintheNetherlands部分第一句"Gaincloseinsight(洞察力)intotheNetherlands'artisticworksonthisprivatewalktourfromAmsterdam,ledbyaprofessionalarthistorian."可知,在一位专业的艺术史学家的引导下,人们可以在这趟从阿姆斯特丹出发的私人步行之旅中深入了解荷兰的艺术品。由此可知,最适合艺术生的旅行路线是PersonalizedDayTourintheNetherlands。故选A。

2.推理判断题。通读全文可知,四条旅游路线所采用的交通工具分别是步行、自行车、乘船和公交车。由此可知,四条旅游路线的主要不同点在于交通方式。故选B。

3.文章出处题。通读全文可知,文章介绍了荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹及其周边的几条旅游路线。由此可推知,文章最有可能出自一个旅游网站。故选D。5.答案：1-4ABDB解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,在飓风摧毁了巴拿马城的麦当劳门店后,Devon的母亲TiffanyWinters在社交媒体上发帖询问是否有人能帮忙找到(麦当劳)著名的"金拱门",以便让她的儿子参加手工艺制作比赛。由此可知,TiffanyWinters在网上发帖是为她的儿子向大众寻求帮助。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的"whol