重难点27 阅读理解之说明文-2023年中考英语专练

专项五中考题型

重难点27阅读理解之说明文

知识梳理

"英语说明文”，顾名思义，就是一种以“说明、解释”为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事

物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文

那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据：更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐

明事理，使人们增长知识和技能。

说明文阅读理解的特征

一般说来，英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即Who-what-

when—>where—>how—>why。

1.who：问的是这篇文章的主体是谁？（即所要说明和描述的人或事物）

2.what：问的是主体做了什么事情？（即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途）

3.when和where：是在何时何地发生的？（即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途）

4.how：通过什么方式表现出来的？

5.why：这种特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做说明文阅读理解题的时候，一定要记住上面的whword。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文。

说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说

明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，便于分层次选拔人，。然而对于考生来说说明文抽

象度高，解题难度大。中考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍

以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说

明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出

准确的语意理解。再者不少省市包括比较偏僻地区中考语篇选择上内容都比较新颖，更不回避热点话题。

典例解析

（2022・广西桂林•统考中考真题）China，sTwcntyfburSolarTermsisconsideredtobethecountry'sfifthgreat

invention.IthasbeenaddedtoUNESCO'sListofIntangibleCulturalHeritage（联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗

产名录）.

TheTwentyfourSolarTermswasinventedbyancientChinese.Atthattime,mostpeoplewerefarmers.They

hadtolearnaboutthemovementofthesuninayearanddothefarmingaccordingly.TheTwentyfourSolarTerms

showsthechangesofclimate,seasonsandsomebiologicalphenomena（生物现象）.Forexample.RainWateris

betweenFebruary18lhandFebruary20th.Whenites,thetemperaturegoesup,snowmeltsandtherewillbemore

andmorerain.StartofSpring,StartofSummer,StartofAutumnandStartofWinterarcopeningsofthefour

seasons.AwakeningofInsectsisbetweenarch5thandMarch6th.Duringthisperiod,manylivingthingscoutafter

alongwinterofsilence.

TheTwentyfourSolarTermsshowsancientChinesepeople'swisdom.NowitisaddedtoUNESCO'sheritage

list.Thismeansthatitisacceptedandwillbeacceptedbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.

根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。

I.WhydidancientChineseinventtheTwentyfourSolarTerms?

A.Becausetheywantedtotellthedifferencesoffourseasons.

B.Becausetheywantedtolearnsomethingaboutthesun.

C.Becausetheywantedtohelpthemdothefanning.

D.Becausemostofthemwerefanners.

2.WhenisRainWater?

A.ItisbetweenFebruary18thandMarch20th.

B.ItisbetweenFebruary18thandFebruary20th.

C.ItisbetweenMarch5thandMarch6th.

D.IlisbetweenMarch18thandMarch20lh.

3.WhathappenswhenAwakeningofInsectses?

A.Summerbegins.B.Thetemperaturegoesdown.

C.Therewillbemoreandmoresnow.D.Thesnakecsoutafteralongwintersleep.

4.Howmanysolartermsarcmentionedinthearticle?

A.Twosolartermsarementioned.B.Foursolartermsarementioned.

C.Fivesolartermsarementioned.D.Sixsolartermsarementioned.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNotTrue?

A.TheTwentyfourSolarTermsshowsthatancientChinesepeoplewerewise.

B.TheTwentyfourSolarTermsisoneofthefourgreatinventions.

C.TheTwentyfourSolarTermsisaddedtoUNESCO'sheritagelist

D.TheTwentyfourSolarTermsisacceptedintheworld.

【短文大意】

本文介绍了中国的24节气被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产，它是中国人发明的，现在己经被世界

上越来越多的人接受。

【答案解析】

1.细节理解题。根据“TheTwentyfourSolarTermswasinventedbyancientChinese.Atthattime,mostpeople

werefarmers.Theyhadtolearnaboutthemovementofthesuninayearanddothefarmingaccordingly.“可知»古

代人发明24节气是为了了解太阳在一年内的运动规律，并据此进行耕作。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据“RainWalerisbetweenFebruary18thandFebruary20lh.“可知，雨水是在2月18日到2

月20日之间。故选B.

3.细节理解题。根据"Awakeningoflnsectsisbetweenarch5thandMarch6th.Duringthisperiod,manyliving

thingseoutafteralongwinterofsilence.”可知，惊蛰节在三月五日到三月六日之间。在这段时间里,许多生

物在漫长的沉默冬天之后出来了。故选D。

4.细节理解题。通读全文,文中提到了"RainWater（雨水）"StartofSpring（立春），StartofSummer（立

夏）,StartofAutumn（立秋）andStartofWinter（立冬）"、0AwakeningofInsects（惊蛰）“可知，一共提

到「6个节气。故选D。

5.细节理解题。根据"China'sTwentylburSolarTermsisconsideredtobethecountry'sfifthgreatinvention.“可

知，二十四节气被认为是中国的第五大发明，而不是四大发明之一，故选B.

（2022•甘肃甘南•统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

Anewstudyfoundthatlotsofkidshateschool.Usuallythiskindoffeelingdoesn'tlastlong.Bu:whatwill

happenifyoufeelthiswaytoomuch?Schoolisafactoflifeandgettingagoodeducationcanhelpyoubuildthe

1.推理判断题。根据"Solet'stalkaboutschoolandwhattodowhenyoudon'tlikeit.”可知,这篇文章要谈谈如

果你不喜欢学校的话，可以做些什么，也就是说，有一些方法可以帮助那些厌学的学生。故选B。

2.细节理解题。根据“Remember,yourmum,dadorteacherscanalwayshelpyou.”可知，老师能帮助那些学业

上有困难的学生。故选B。

3.词句猜测题。根据"Youmaybegettingfartherandfartherbehind,anditmayseemlikeyou'llnevercatchup.”

可知，你可能会越来越落后，看起来好像你永远都赶不上。说明catchup意为“赶上”。故选B。

4.细节理解题。根据“Schoolisafactoflifeandgettingagoodeducationcanhelpyoubuildthekindoffuturelife

youwant.”可知，作者认为，学校是生活的一个事实，接受良好的教育可以帮助学生打造他们想要的未来生

活。故选C。

5.细节理解题。根据“Anothergoodideaistowritedownyourfeelingsaboutschoolinanotebook.“可知，如果

学生厌学，可以把他们关于学校的感觉记在笔记本里。故选A。

（2022•甘肃甘南•统考中考真题）

■、

j八，

BingDwenDwenShueyRhonRhon

Hello,myfriends!Nicetomeetyou!MynameisBingDwenDwen.Tmthemascot（吉祥物）of[he2022

BeijingWinterOlympicGames.Pmablackandwhitepanda.Ihavebigeyes,asmallnoseandasmallmouth.My

arirsandlegsareshort.Whatisitonmylefthand?Haha,itisaheartpattern（心'形图案）towelefriendsallover

theworldtoetoChina.

Whoisthat?Itismygoodfriend,ShueyRhonRhon.ItisthemascotoftheParalympicWinterGames（冬残奥

会）.Itlookslikearedlantern.Ithastwosmalleyes.Itsarmsandlegsareshort,too.Weareverycute.

6.ShueyRhonRhonis（hemascotof.

A.the2022WinterOlympicGames

B.the2022ParalympicWimerGames

C.theOlympicandParalympicWinterOlympicGames

7.WhatdoesBingDwenDwenlooklike?

A.Apanda.B.Amascot.C.Aredlantern.

8.WhatcolorisShueyRhonRhon?

A.Green.B.Blackandwhite.C.Red.

9.Whereistheheartpattern?

A.ItisonBingDwenDwen,sleftnand.

B.ItisonBingDwenDwen'srighthand.

C.ItisonBingDwenDwen'sback.

10.WhatmeanstowelefriendsallovertheworldtoetoChina?

A.BingDwenDwen.B.Theheartpattern.C.ShueyRhonRhon.

【短文大意】

本文介绍了2022年北京冬奥会的吉祥物冰墩墩和残奥会吉祥物雪容融。

【答案解析】

6.细节理解题。根据"ShueyRhonRhon.ItisthemascotoftheParalympicWinterGames（冬残奥会）."可知雪容

融是冬残奥会的吉祥物。故选B。

7.细节理解题。根据，Tmablackandwhitepanda”可知冰墩墩像一个熊猫。故选A。

8.细节理解题。根据“Itlookslikearedlantern”可知雪容融是红色的，故选C。

9.细节理解题。根据“Whatisitonmylefthand?Haha,itisaheartpattern（心形图案）”可知心形图案在冰墩墩

的左手。故选A。

10.细节理解题。根据“itisaheartpattern（心形图案）towelefriendsallovertheworldtoctoChina."nJ知这是

一个欢迎世界各地朋友来中国的心形图案。故选B。

（2022•内蒙古•中考真题）InChina,writingbrushes,inksticks,paperandinktonesarecalledtheFour

TreasuresofStudy.Amongthehighqualitytreasures,thewritingbrushproducedinHuizhou,theinkstickproduced

inHuizhou,thexuanpapermadeinXuanchengandtheinkstonemadeinDuanxiarethebestknown.

ThewritingbrushescanbeusedlodrawthepicturesonpaintedpoUeries（陶器）.Theyaremainlymadeofthe

hairofanimals.Thosemadeofwoolarecalledyanghaoandthosemadeoftheweasel's（制II）tailhairarecalled

langhao.Theirartisticeffectsinwritingandpaintingcannotbecopiedbyanyotherpens.

Theinkstickisthepigmentusedinwritingandpainting.TheinkstickproducedinHuizhouisofhighquality.

Astorygoeslikethis:TwofamousskilledmenXiChaoandhissonproducedakindofhighqualityinkstick.Asa

result,theEmperorLiYuintheSou:hcrnTangDynastyagreedtogivethemthefamilyname“Li”.Fromthenon,

thefameoftheLiInkStickwaswidespread.IntheSongDynasty,itsproducingareawaschangedintoHuizhou.

anditwasthencalledtheHuiInkStick.

PaperisamongthefourgreatinventionsinancientChina.ThefamousxuanpaperappearedintheSuiand

Tangdynasties.InXuanzhou,AnhuiProvincewherethexuanpaperisproduced,it'ssaidthatCaiLun'spupilKong

Dantookthejobofproducingpaperbutfailedtomakeperfectwhitepaper.Laterhehappenedtoseetheebony（黑

檀）intherivers.Itwaswetwiththewaterandturnedwhite.Thenheusedthebarktoproducetheworldfamous

xuanpaper.

TheinkstonewasalreadyverypopularintheHanDynasty.TheMingandQingdynastiessawtheappearance

oftheFourFamousInkStonesDuanInkStone.SheInkStone,TaoInkStoneandChengniInkStone.Theycannot

onlybeusedinwritingandpaintingbutalsotoradmiration.

11.Whatarcthewritingbrushesmainlymadeof?

A.Thepigment.B.Theanimals5tails.C.Thebark.D.Thehairofanimals.

12.WhydidXiChaoandhissongetthefamilynamefromtheEmperorLiYu?

A.Becausetheyproducedakindofhighqualityinkstick.

B.Becausethefameoftheinkstickwaswidespread.

C.BecauseitsproducingareawaschangedintoHuizhou.

D.BecauseXiChaowastherelativeoftheEmperorLiYu.

13.HowdidKongDanfindthewaytomakethefamousxuanpaperbyaccident?

A.Hetookthejobofproducingpaper.

B.HeappearedinXuanzhou,AnhuiProvince.

C.Uehappenedtoseetheebonyintheriversandusedthebarktoproducethefamousruanpaper.

D.HewasCaiLun'spupilatthattime.

14.WhendidtheFourFamousInkSlonesappear?

A.TheMingandQingdynasties.B.TheHanDynasty.

C.TheSuiandTangdynasties.D.TheSongDynasty.

15.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TheHistoryofPotteriesB.TheHistoryoftheFourTreasuresofStudy

C.TheHistoryoftheFourFamousInkStonesD.TheHistoryofXuanPaper

【短文大意】

本文主要讲了文房四宝，具体对文房四宝进行介绍。

【答案解析】

11.细节理解题。根据"Thewritingbrushescanbeusedtodrawthepicturesonpaintedpotteries（陶器）.Theyare

mainlymadeofthehairofanimals."可知，它们主要是由动物的毛发制成的，故选D。

12.细节理解题。根据"wofamousskilledmenXiChaoandhissonproducedakindofhighqualityinkstick.Asa

result,theEmperorLiYuintheSouthemTangDynastyagreedtogivethemthefamilyname'Li'."可知，奚超父

子制出了质量非常高的墨，南唐皇帝李煜赏赐了他们家国姓“李”，故选A。

13.细节理解题。根据“Laterhehappenedtoseetheebony（黑檀）in:herivers.Itwaswetwiththewaterandturned

white.Thenheusedthebarktoproducetheworldfamousxuanpaper”可知，他偶然在河里看到乌木，就用乌木

树皮制成了著名的宣纸，故选C。

14.细节理解题。根据“TheMingandQingdynastiessawtheappearanceoftheFourFamousInkStoncsDuanink

Stone.SheInkStone,TaoInkStoneandChcngniInkStone.“可知，明清时期出现了四大名砚台，故选A。

15.最佳标题题。根据“InChina,writingbnishes,inksticks,paperandinktonesarecalledtheFourTreasuresof

Study.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是对文房四宝进行介绍，故选B。

（2022•湖北荆门•统考中考真题）Foundedin1987inShenzhen,Huaweiisaleadingproviderofinformation

andinunicationstechnology（ICT）aroundtheworld.Withmorethan195,000workers,thepanyrunsinmorethan

17（］countriesandareas,servingmorethanthreebillionpeople.

Aswcallknow,therearctwooperatingsystems（操作系统）usedinsmartphones,AndroidOSandiOS.Fora

verylongtime,mostofthesmartphoneshavebeendependingonAndroidOS,includingHuawei'ssmartphones.

Nowthingsarechanging.Huaweihasbeencreatingitsownoperatingsystem—HarmonyOSorHongmengin

Chinese.HongmengisawordfromtheChinesemythology（神话）,symbolizing（象征）theworldbefore

HarmonyOSwascreated.Soitmeansstartingfromtheverybeginnir.g.

Firstknown（oihepublicin2019.HarmonyOSisanoperatingsystemfordifferentdevices（设备）.Ilhas

alreadybeenusedinHuaweiwatches,laptopsandsoonovertheyears.InDecember2020,abetaversion（测试版）

ofHarmonyOSforsmartphonescameout.HalfayearlaterinJune2021,Huaweilauncheditsself-developed

HarmonyOSforsmartphones.

Chinesetechlovershavelongbeenlookingforwardtotheoperatingsystemdevelopedbyourselves.

Industriesincludingtourism,education,homedevicesandsportshavsalsoweledHarmonyOS.

Atpresent,Huaweiencouragespeopletotestthesystem.Thepanyexpectsthenumberofdevicesusing

HarmonyOStoreach30()millionbytheendoftheyear.It'shopedthatHarmonyOSwillbeagreatmobile

ecosystem.

16.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Huaweihasahistoryof45years.B.Thereare170.000workersinHuawei.

C.HuaweiwasstartedinthecapitalcityofChina.D.OverthreebillionpeopleareusingHuaweiproducts.

17.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2refbrto(指的是)？

A.Theworld.B.iOS.C.AndroidOS.D.HarmonyOS.

18.Paragraph3mainlytalksabout

A.thedevelopmentofHarmonyOSB.theeffortsmadebythepany

C.thedifficultyindevelopingthesystemD.thereasonsfordevelopingthesystem

19.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheHistoiyofHuawei.B.HuaweiandItsIlarmonyOS.

C.HarmonyOSforSmartphones.D.DifferentKindsofOperatingSystems.

【短文大意】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。

【答案解析】

16.细节理解题。根据"Withmorethan195,000workers,thepanyrunsinmorethan170countriesandareas,

servingmorethanthreebillionpeople.”可知,华为公司拥有19.5万多名员工，业务遍及170多个国家和地区,

为30多亿人提供服务。故选D。

17.推理判断题。根据"HongmengisawordfromtheChinesemythology（神话）,symbolizing（象征）theworld

beforeHarmonyOSwascreated.Soitmeansstartingfromtheverybeginning.”可知，鸿蒙是中国神话中的一个词,

象征着鸿蒙系统创建之前的世界，所以这意味着从头开始。此处il指的是“鸿蒙系统”。故选D。

18.段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段介绍了鸿蒙系统的发展，故选A。

19.最佳标题题。分析文章内容可知，本文主要介绍华为公司自主研发的鸿蒙系统。故选B。

（2022•内蒙古鄂尔多斯・统考中考真题）

RedisthecolorofChina.Amongallthecolors,redismosteasilyseen.Thecolorredisfreshandpure,andin

China,wecallit“ChinaRed”.RedhasbeenthefavoritecolorofChinesepeoplebecauseitmakespeopleexcited,

andmoreimportantly,ithasrichmeaningsinChinesecultureandhistory.

NocountryintheworldhaseverusedacolorinsuchawayasChina.Here,redisasymbol.Itgivescolorto

thesoulofthenation.Inthepast,redrepresenteddignity（尊严）andmystery.EvennowChinesepeoplelovethe

colormuchmorethanothersdo.Itcanbesaidthat“ChinaRed“isaneverlastingsubjectforChinaandan

importantcolorfbrtheChinesepeople.uChinaRed“hasbeeverypopularwords,attractingtheworld'sattention.

Thewordscanbeseeninforeignmagazinesandnewspapers,evensch（x）llearningandteachingmaterials.

FindingredcoloredthingsinChinaisveryeasy,asyoucansee（hecoloreverywhere.Alltraditionalredthings

havebeenplayingaspecialroleinChina,thewallsofancientpalaces,thenationalflag,Chineseknots（结）and

lanterns.

Redisthecolorofluck,health,harmony,happiness,peace,richnessandsoon.Onlyredthingsandevents

fullyshowandexplainitsbeauty.Thecolorcanbealiveandmeaningfulonlywhenit'sconnectedwithpeople.

InChina,redismorethanjustacolor.ItcarriesthelonghistoryandcultureoftheChinesenation."ChinaRed”

isfullofmysteriouscharm（神秘的魅力）anditisrighthereinChinawaitingforyoutofeelandtodiscover!

20.WhydoChinesepeoplelovethecolorredsodeeply?

A.Itismosteasilyseenamongallthecolors.

B.IthasrichmeaningsinChinesecultureandhistory.

C.Itmakespeoplehappyandpeaceful.

D.Itstandsforfreshnessandpureness.

21.What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“everlasting“inParagraph2?

A.重要的B.受欢迎的C.有代表性的D.永恒的

22.HowdoesthewritershowthepopularityoftheredcoloredthingsinChina?

A.Byparing.B.Bydescribing.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Bylistingnumbers.

23.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?

【短文大意】

本文讲述红色在中国的重要意义，向我们展示了中国红在中华民族传统历史文化中的丰富含义。

【答案解析】

20.细节理解题。根据“RedhasbeenthefavoritecolorofChinesepeoplebecauseitmakespeopleexcited,and

moreimportantly,ithasrichmeaningsinChinesecultureandhistory”可知，红色一直是中国人最喜欢的颜色，

因为它让人兴奋，更重要的是，它在中国文化和历史中有着丰富的含义。故选B。

21.词句猜测题。分析“Itcanbesaidthat4ChinaRed，isaneverlastingsubjectforChinaandanimportantcolorfor

theChinesepeople”可知，“中国红”是中国永恒的主题，是中国人的重要颜色。此处“everlasting”的意思是“永

恒的"。故选D。

22.细节理解题。根据第三段“FindingrcdcolorcdthingsinChinaisveryeasy,asyoucanseethecoloreverywhere.

AlltraditionalredthingshavebeenplayingaspecialroleinChina,thewallsofancientpalaces,thenationalflag,

Chineseknots（结）andlanterns.“可知，作者通过举例说明红色的东西在中国的受欢迎程度。故选Co

23.篇章结构题。第一段介绍红色在中国文化和历史中有着丰富的含义；笫二、三、四段具体介绍红色在

中国的受欢迎程度；第五段总结。故选A。

（2022•四川资阳•统考中考真题）Themonsterstatues（怪兽雕像）intheForbiddenCity（故宫）ealive!They

canmoveandtalk.Theyevenhavetheirownlanguages.LiXiaoyu,an11yearoldstudentjoins【hemonan

adventurousjourney.

Thiscartoonstoryesfromthebookseries（系歹U）MonstersintheForbiddenCity.Therearemanyspecial

thingsinthecartoon.Ithasrealactors.LiXiaoyubeesamonsterandgetsintotheworldofmonsterstatues.There

areredwalls,yellowroofs（房丁贞），andwaterinkpaintings.

Thebooks'writerisChangYi.WhenChangwasalittlegirl,sheoftenheardstoriesofmonstersinthe

ForbiddenCityfromolderpeople.Shealsoreadabout（heminsomebooks.Interestedinthesemonsters,shekept

readingtofindoutmoreabouttheminancientbooks.

Asshegrewup,shefoundthatmanyChinesepeopleknewmoreaboutmonstersfromEuropeanandAmerican

moviesandTVprograms.SomelovedJapanesemonsters,butmanyofthesecamefromChina.Chinesemonsters

werelesswcllknown.Changdecidedtomakeachangebywritingbooks.TheMonstersintheForbiddenCityseries

wasborn.EachchapterofthebookstellsthestoryofamonsterstatueintheForbiddenCity.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordlkthem''inParagraph1referto?

A.Languages.B.Books.C.Monsterstatues.D.Olderpeople.

25.Whicharcspecialinthecartoon?

A.Redroofs.B.Realactors.C.Oilpaintings.D.Yellowwalls.

26.HowdidChangYilearnmoreaboutthemonsters?

A.Byreadingbooks.B.Byplayingwiththem.

C.Bydrawingpictures.D.Bywatchingcartoons.

27.WhydidChangYiwrite(hebookseries?

A.Tomakeupnewstories.B.Todevelopherinterestinwriting.

C.Tomakemonstersmoveandtalk.D.ToletChinesemonstersmorewellknown.

【短文大意】

本文主要介绍了关于故宫的卡通故事怪兽雕像的由来及其作者的创作经历。

【答案解析】

24.词义猜测题。根据“Theycanmoveandtalk.Theyevenhavetheirownlanguages.LiXiaoyu.an11yearoki

student,joinsthemonanadventurousjourney.”可知怪兽雕像变成活的，李小雨，11岁的学生加入了它们冒险

的旅程。故可推之“them”指的是怪兽雕像，故选C。

25.细节理解题。根据“Therearemanyspecialthingsinthecartoon.Ithasrealactors.LiXiaoyubeesamonster

andgetsintotheworldofmonsterslatues.”nj知特别的是动画片中有真正的演员。故选B。

26.细节理解题。根据“Interestedinthesemonsters,shekeptreadingtofindoutmoreabouttheminancientbooks.”

可知作者是在书中学习更多关于怪兽的知识的。故选A。

27.细节理解题。根据"Chinesemonsterswerelesswellknown.Changdecidedtomakeachangebywritingbooks.^^

可知作者写这个书是想让中国的怪兽更出名。故选D。

（2022•四川资阳•统考中考真题）

InMarch,2020,16wildAsianelephantsbegantravellingacrossYunnanintheirownspecialVltourgroup”.

Theytravelledmorethan500kmandtwobabyelephantswerebornalongtheway.Atlast,14elephantsreturned

homesafelyinDecember,2021.Alreadyfamousathome,theseelephantsalsobecame^internationalstars”.

Someinternationalmedia（媒体）followedtheelephants'tourfromtheirhomeinXishuangbannatootherparts

ofYunnan.Sonicpeopledescribedthemas“smart"and^adventurous（冒险的）SocialmedialikeTwitterand

YouTubewerefullofvideosoftheelephants.Onevideoabouttheelephantssleepingtogethergotnearly300,000

viewsand12,000likesonTwitter.

Ontheelephants'tour,peopletreatedthemwithcare.Peopledidn'tgetclosetothem,hurtthemordrivethem

away.TheworldsawChina'sworktoprotectthewildelephants.Andtheattentiontothewildelephantswill

encouragemorepeopletogetalongwellwithanimals.

28.Howmanyelephantsreturnedhomesafely?

A.2.B.14.C.16.D.18.

29.Whatdoweknowabouttheelephants?

A.Theyarc21monthsold.B.Theyranawayfromazoo.

C.TheyarconlyfamousinChina.D.Theyhavetravelledover500km.

30.Howdidsomepeopledescribetheelephants?

A.Clever.B.Weak.C.Strange.D.Friendly.

31.Whatshouldpeopledoaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Drivewildanimalsaway.B.Getalongwellwithanimals.

C.Watchvideosaboutwildanimals.D.Paynoattentiontowildanimals.

【短文大意】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍云南北迁象群得到世界关注，闻名海内外。

【答案解析】

28.细节理解题。根据“Allasl,14elephantsreturnedhomesafelyinDecember,2021.”可知，最终，14头大象

在2021年12月安全回家。故选B。

29.细节理解题。根据“Theytravelledmorethan500kmandtwobabyelephantswerebomalongtheway.”可知，

它们走了50（）多公里，一路上出生了两只小象。故选D.

30.细节理解题。根据"Somepeopledescribedthemas'smart'and'adventurous（冒险的）二”可知,大象聪明且

有冒险精神。故选A。

31.推理判断题。根据"Ontheelephants'tour,peopletreatedthemwithcare.Peopledidn'tgetclosetothem,hurt

themordrivethemaway.TheworldsawChina'sworktoprotectthewildelephants.Andtheattentiontothewild

elephantswillencouragemorepeopletogetalongwellwithanimals.”可知，在大象的旅行中，人们对它们很关

心。人们没有接近它们，伤害它们或赶走它们。世界看到了中国保护野生大象的工作。对野生大象的关注

将鼓励更多的人与动物和睦相处。由此可知，人们应该与动物相处融洽。故选B。

（2022.四川资阳♦统考中考真题）In2003,Chinasentitsfirstastronaut（宇航员）,YangLiwei,intospace.

Sincethen,13Chineseastronautshave“reachedfbrstars”.ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfiiarethree

ofthem.TheyjustfinishedtheShenzhouXIIImission（任务）.Haveyoueverthoughtofbeinganastronautlike

them?

Tobeanastronaut,youneedtobeveryhealthy.Goodeyesightandastrongheartareimporlant.You'dbetter

nothaveothersmallproblems,likeadecayedtooth（蛀牙）.

You'llstarthardtrainingwhenyoubccabackup（后备）astronaut.Forexample,youneedtodoalotof

running,swimmingandpullups.Youwillalsoweara200kiiogramsuitanddotasksunderwaterfor6or7hours

withouteatingorgoingtothetoilet.

Knowledgeisimportantaswell.Astronautstake60coursestogetreadyforamission,includingmath,English,

physicsandmanymore.Sotheywillknowwhattododuringthemission.

32.WhowasthefirstastronautinChina?

A.ZhaiZhigang.B.YeGuangfu.C.YangLiwei.D.WangYaping.

33.Howisthetrainingoftheastronautsaccordingtothewriter?

A.Difficult.B.fortable.C.Relaxing.D.Boring.

34.Whydoastronautshavetotake60courses?

A.Tokeepfit.B.TolearnEnglishwell.

C.Tobeemorehumorous.D.Toknowwhattododuringthemission.

35.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Whyastronautsshouldbehealthy.B.Howyoucanbeeanastronaut.

C.Whatcoursesastronautsshouldtake.D.WhereChineseastronautsaretrained.

【短文大意】

本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国的航天员，以及想成为一名宇航员需要具备什么。

【答案解析】

32.细节理解题。根据“In2003,Chinasentitsfirstastronaut（宇航员）,YangLiwei,intospace.”可知,2003年,

中国将第一位宇航员杨利伟送入太空。故选C。

33.细节理解题。根据"You'llstarthardtrainingwhenyoubeeabackup（后备）astronaut."可知，当你成为一名

后备宇航员时，你将开始艰苦的训练。故选A。

34.细节理解题。根据“Astronautstake60coursestogetreadyfbramission,includingmath,English,physicsand

manymore.Sotheywillknowwhattododuringthemission.”可知，宇航员要学习60门课程来为任务做准备,

包括数学、英语、物理等，这样他们就会知道在任务期间要做什么。故选D。

35.主旨大意题。本文介绍中国的航天员，以及想成为一名宇航员需要具备什么。选项B“如何成为一名宇

航员”符合主题，故选B。

（2022•宁夏•统考中考真题）Scienceandtechnologyhelppeoplealot.CheckouthowfastChinais

developing.

Driverless（无人驾驶）helpers

Youcanseedifferentkindsofcrivcrlcsscarsatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics.Forexample,whenyou

feeltired,youcanhavearestinadriverlessminibus.Whenyoufeelhungry,youcanbuyfoodfroma“driverless

carstore”.Anotherkindofdriverlesscarcanevensendthingstoyoujustlikeapostman.Theyhelptomakethe

Gamesabiggersuccess.

Spaceclasses

OnMarch23,2022,threeChineseastronautsgavetheirsecondlecture（课程）fromTiangongspacestation.

Theydidseveralexperiments（实验］.Theyalsoshowedsometoolstostudyscience.Thethreeastronautsgavetheir

firstlecturelastDecember.Millionsofstudentswatchedthemandlearnedmanyfantasticsciencefacts.

3Dphotos

ThisMay,amiddleschoolinBeijingused3D-printingtechnologytoprintgraduationphotos（毕业照）for

Grade9students.Studentscantouchthe“fhces“oftheirclassmates.Thistechnologycanalsohelpblindstudents

"see"theirclassmates.

36.Howmanykindsofdriverlesscaredoesthewritermention（提及）？

A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.

37.WhenwasthesecondspacelecturegivenbythethreeChineseastronauts?

A.LastDecember.B.ThisMay.

C.ThisFebruary.D.OnMarch23,2022.

38.Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thedriverlesscarscannotsendthingslikeapostman.

B.China'sscienceandtechnologyarcdevelopingveryfast.

C.AllstudentswatchedthelecturesfromTiangongspacestation.

D.Blindstudentscan'tusee,,t