重难点40 短文填空之选词填空-2023年中考英语专练（原卷版）

专项五中考题型

重难点40短文填空之选词填空

短文选词填空题型满分技巧

1.跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意

短文填空题的正确答题流程应该为：粗读全文，细读全文并完成每道题目的作笞复读检查。在粗读阶段，

大家应学会无视短文填空题中的空格，直接获取整篇短文的主要信息，以便后续作答环节利用整篇文章的

主旨辨别错误选项。

2.细读全文，瞻前顾后，各个击破

在细读阶段，大家首先应从语法曲度直接对题目进行判断。若无法确定答案，则应联系该空格的前后文，

获得该题目的提示信息，逐一完成作答，短文填空题的解答最好按前后顺序完成，当后部题目的解笞面临困

扰时，大家可再次精读前文，寻找线索，最终正确作答。

热点话题

短文热衷话题有：社会热点、科技、循环利用、日常生活、健康等。

短文填词答题技巧口诀

空前空后要注意,名词单复要牢记。要有‘S不能弃。

动词注意要变形,“皇帝“、“大臣”要分清。

形、副注意要用三级,副词用法要讲记。

要用数词请留意,T万别忘"基"和"序"。

填入代词需慎重,五格变化记心中。

选词填空是指把一篇文章的关键词语挖空，词序打乱，让学生根据短文内容选择正确的词语填空。此

类题型主要是要求学生在正确理解和把握文章的基础上，通过分析行文线索来填写空缺单词，补全短文。

中考英语试卷中，短文题材非常广泛，可以是科普文、故事、体育甚至文化习俗等、不过、所选的文章，

一般都是大家比较熟悉的材料。选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语法的运用能力。做题时要根据

句子结构确定句中所缺词的词性，然后结合句意及备选词即可得山答案。

典例解析

（2020・辽宁抚顺本溪辽阳）

otherwecoldworthlowseldomchangehoweveronwarmhigh（hey

DuringMay,mostplacesinChinaarewarm.ButMountQomolangmaisstillIandcoveredwithsnow.

Atthistime,agroupofChineseclimbersareclimbingthehighestmountainintheworld.Theyaregoingto

measure（测量）the2mountain.Inmountain.Infact,Chinaalreadymeasuredtheheightofthemountainin

1975（8,848.13meters）and2005（8,844.43meters）.Buttheheightcan3asEarth'splaies（板块）

move.Astechnologyimproves,peoplewanttogetmoreexactnumbers.

4,measuringitsheightisnoteasy.Thetemperaturethereis29°C,fourdegreeslowerthanthatin

Antarctica（南极）.Thesnowthereis45metersthickandstrongwindsblowallthetime.Climbershavetocarry

scientificinstrumentstotheworld'srooftop（屋脊）.Theycollectdata（数据）5thetopofthemountain.

Afterthatscientistsstudythedataandcalculate（计算）theheightofthemountain.

Todealwiththedifficultconditions,teammembersstartedtraininginJanuary.Theyhavetosleepin6

tentstokeepwarm.Tosavefreshwater,climbers7takeashowerorwashfaces.Asforfood,theyhave

threedishesandsoupforeachmeal.Itiseasy（okeepmeatfreshinsucha8temperature.

Thoughtherearealsosome9difficultiesthatwecannotthinkof,themountainis1（）

measuring.Anexactmeasurementcanhelptostudytheplatemovementsothatscientistscanwarnpeopletheing

oftheearthquakes.

【短文大意】

这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述5月份珠穆朗玛峰仍然很冷覆盖着雪，但是一群登山者爬上珠穆匪玛峰去测量

山的高度，尽管有很多困难，但是测量是非常有价值的。准确的测量能帮助研究板块运动以便于科学家警

告人们地震的到来。

【答案解析】

1.句意：但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然很冷覆盖着雪。

根据"coveredwithsnow”可知此处用形容词cold作表语，表示虽然五月，但是珠穆朗玛峰仍然“很冷”。故答

案为coldo

2.句意：他们将测量山的高度。

定冠词the后面用名词；根据动话measure和mountain以及后文“Chinaalreadymeasuredtheheightofthe

mountain”可知此处用名词height表示“高度工故答案为height。

3.句意：但是高度会随着地球板块的移动而变化。

情态动词can后用动词原形；根据“asEarth'splatesmove”可知此处用动词change表示“变化”。故答案为

changeo

4.句意：然而，测量高度不是那么容易的。

此处表示转折，用however表示“然而”，句首首字母h大写。故答案为However。

5.句意：他们在山顶收集数据。

此处用介词短语onthetopof表示-在山的顶部”。故答案为ono

6.句意：他们不得不睡在他们的帐篷里来保暖。

名词tents前面用形容词，此处根据they可知用形容词性物主代词their表示“他们的帐篷故答案为their。

7.句意：为了节省淡水，爬山的人很少洗澡或洗脸。

根据"Tosavefreshwater”为了节省水，洗澡和洗脸是很少的，用频度副词seldom<.故答案为seldom<.

8.句意：在这么低的温度下保存肉的新鲜是很容易的。

根据前文“Thetemperaturethereis29C”可知温度很低，温度用高低（high/low）来形容，用形容词low做定

语。故答案为lowo

9.句意：尽管还有一些其他的我们不能想象的困难，这座山值得被测量。

此处用someother+复数名词，表示“一些其他的困难”。故答案为other。

10.句意：尽管还有一些其他的我们不能想象的困难，这座山值得被测量。

根据"Anexactmeasurementcanheptostudytheplatemovementsothatscientistscanwarnpeopletheingofthe

earthquakes”准确的测量能帮助研究板块运动以便:科学家警告人们地震的到来。可知山值得被测量，用be

worthdoing表示“值得做某事故答案为worth。

cleanor13,sotheydecidedtoplanamunitycleanupday.Theyaskedlocalpeopletoeandhelpclearaway

alltherubbish.Peopleinthemunitywerevery14tohearabouttheplanasitcouldmakeacleaner

neighbourhood.

（B）

A.inallB.choseC.onholidayD.deliveredE.breathed

Inordertomakeitconvenientforpeopletojointhem,they!5aSundayfortheactivity.Thenthey

contactedthemunitycentretoaskforrubbishbagsfbrthework.Afterthat,they16posterstothehouses

nearthepark.Theyalsoputupsomepostersintheirschool.Thatday,morepeoplecamethanexpectedeightysix

volunteers17,Somewerefromthelocalmunityandothersfromtheschool.Eventouristscametohelp.

Onefamilywas18intheareaand（heytookpartintheactivityafterseeingtheposters.Itwasasuccessful

day!

（2022・河南・统考中考真题）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完

整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

childhelpifwaywhichsolveintolongdevelopthey

Handwashingwithsoapcanreduce（减少）illnesses.Oneoftheeasiest19tostopthespreadof

illnessistowashyourhands.Butmanychildrenhaven't20therighthabitofhandwashing.Childrendo

notwash21handsoftenenoughorlongenough.It'ssuchasimplehabit,butthechildrenaren'tdoing

it.Issarandhisfrienddecidedto22theproblemusingafurmethod.Theytriedmanytimesandcreateda

toolcalledSoapcn.Itturnedhandwashing23afunactivity.

Asthenamesuggests,Soapcnisapen24ismadeoutofsoap.Thechildrendrawonhandswiththe

Soapenandthenwashthedrawingcff.Thecolorswillremainonthechildren'shands25theydon't

spendenoughtimewashingthemoff.Itisvery26forateacherinaclassroom.Afterall.notallthe

teachershavethelimetomakeeach27washhishandsproperly.

“Childrenwashhandsmuch28thanbeforenowbecausetheylikedrawingonhands.Soapendoes

helpchildrenmakeagoodhabitofhandwashing,“saidIssar.

（2022・湖北黄石•统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每空不

超过两个词。

proudupcoverineasilytheyservehighrememberhow

WhenthemovieLeapwasputonatcinemasonSept.25,2020,itreceivedalotofpraisefromthewhole

country.ThemovieshowsthespiritoftheChinesewomen'svolleyballplayersand29journeytobeing

anexcellentvolleyballteam.Inordertostandontheworld's3（）podium（领奖台），thegirlsof（he

women'svolleyballteamworkeddayandnighttopractice.Finally,theybecamethegoldmedal（金牌）ownersand

the31oftheChinesepeople.However,theroadtothechampionship（冠军称号）32withtears

andsweats（汗水）.Theyfellmanytimesandclimbed33againandagaintoachievethefinalsuccess.

“Withoutgoingthroughthewindandrain,34canweseetherainbow（彩虹）？Noonecansucceed

35Thegirlsalwayskeepthesewords36mind.Over40yearsofupsanddowns,theyhave

graduallybeealegend（传奇）oftheworldvolleyballsport.

37thecountryandnevergivinguparethekeystotheirsuccess.ThaliswhatthefilmLeapwantsus

38forever.

（2022・湖北随州•统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的单词，并用其适当的形式完成短文，每词只能用一次，

每空一词。

goodrealizealthoughtheyuseinteresthidefacequickin

HowILearnedtoLearnEnglishLaslyear,IdidnotlikemyEnglishclass.Everyclasswaslikeabaddream.

Theteacherspokeso39thatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.Iwasafraidtoaskquestions

becauseofmypoorpronunciation.Ijust4（）behindmytextbookandneversaidanything.

ThenonedayIwatchedanEnglishmoviecalledToyStony.Ifell41lovewiththisexcitingand

funnymovie!SoIbegantowatchotherEnglishmovies,too.42Icouldnotunderstandeveiythingthe

characterssaid,theirbodylanguageandtheexpressionsontheir43helpedmetogetthemeaning.Ialso

44Icouldgetthemeaningbylisteningforjustthekeywords.Mypronunciationimprovedaswellby

listeningto（heconversationsinEnglishmovies.Idiscoveredthatlisteningtosomething45is（hesecret

tolanguagelearning.Ialsolearned46sentenceslike"Il'sapieceofcake"or“Itserveryouright”.Idid

notunderstandthesesentencesatfirst.ButbecauseIwantedtounderstandthestory,Ilooked47upina

dictionary.

NowIreallyenjoyniyEnglishclass.IwanttolearnnewwordsandmoregrammarsothatIcanhavea

48understandingofEnglishmovies.

（2022・湖南郴州•统考中考真题）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺（每空一

词，每词限用一次）。

heifgoholeenoughanotherstronginrepairadvice

Onceuponatime,therewasashepherd.Hekeptmanysheep.

49thedaytime,heherded（放牧）themoutside;atnight,hedrovethemintothesheepfold（羊圈）which

wasenclosedbydrygrassandpegs.

Onemorning,theshepherd5（）toherdthesheepandfoundonesheeplost.Hethenfoundthatthe

sheepfoldhadbeenbrokenandtherewasabig51,“Thewolfmusthavestolenthesheepthroughthe

hole.^^Hethought.You'dbetter52thesheepfoldandmendtheholeassoonaspossible.Theneighbor

advisedhim."Thesheephasbeenlost.It'snouserepairingthesheepfold.MHedidifttaketheneighbor'skind

53,

Thenextmorning,hewenttoherdandfound54sheeplost."Thewolfhaddoneitagain!”The

shepherdwasveryangry.Butthistime,heregrettednottakingneighbor'sadviceandnottakingaction

intime.Hemendedtheholesoon,andmadethewholesheepfold56thanbefore.Fromthenon,hissheep

didn'tgetstolenanymore.

Theshepherdwassmart57topreventsheepfrombeingstolenbymendingtheholeofthesheepfold.

Wliatwouldyoudo58youmadeamistakeordidsomethingwrong?Dosomethingtomakeitup,justas

thesayinggoes,^Betterlatethannever!”

（2022・四川资阳•统考中考真题）从方框中选择单词，并用其正确形式填空。每词限用一次。

countrywereallyaftersonginhearnewshowdecide

AsaChinese,yousingorhearthenationalanthem（国歌）MarchoftheVolunteersmanytimes.Butdoyou

59knowhowitwasbom?601931,September18Incident（九•一八事变）lookplace.Many

ChinesepeoplewantedtofightagainstJapaneseinvasion（侵略）andsave（he61.

In1934,TianHan62towriteafilmscript（剧本）towakeupmorepeople.Unluckily,just

63hefinishedonestoryandthelyrics（歌词）ofasongforit,hewasputintoprisonbyKMT（国民党）.

Then,NicErofferedtowritemusicforthe64.Whenheread“Arise,youwhorefusetobeslaves.With

ourfleshandblood,letusbuildour65GreatWali...Marchon!Marchon!Marchon!On!”，hefelt

excited.Heseemedto66thecallofthemothercountryandtheangerofChinesenation.Quickly,he

finishedthemusic.Asongto67ChinesespiritandChineseunity（团结）wasbornin1935.

OnOctober1,1949,MarchofiheVolunteers,as68nationalanthem,wassungonTiananmen

Squareforthefirsttime.

（2022・四川成都・统考中考真题）

clearpleteexcitefollowhealthinterviewluckshinesilencetentouchwell

（NiupaformsontheOage）Whentheothermodelsappearedonthestage,theaudiencecheeredandclapped.Thenit

wasNiu'sturn.Theaudiencesuddenlybecame69.However,afterfourorfiveseconds,Niu7。heard

someonenexttothestagesayinadmiration,uSocool!”

NiuYu.24.becamea（n）71staratShanghaiFashionWeekforherconfidence,even（houghshewas

wearingaprostheticleg.WhenNiuwasonly11,she72lostherrightlegduringtheWenchuanEarthquake.

Niuhaswonlotsofpraise.Thisgivesthosewhohaveprejudice（偏见）againstthedisabledahiton（henose.

“I73bysomethingtheysaid.Theysaidthetradiiionalviewwasthatsponswereforpeoplewith74legs,

hutsportsshouldbeakindofspirit.EventhoughIhavelostaleg,Istilldeeplylovesportsandwilldosoforever,M

Niusaid.Actually,Niufirstdrewthepublic'sattentionwhenshe75amarathon-a42kilomctcrracein2018,

whichwasheldinWenchuantomarkthe76anniversary（周年纪念）oftheearthquake.

Now,Niuworksasaphotographerandhasmorethan850,00077onsocialplatforms,suchasDouyin.4i

feelIhaveasocialresponsibilityto?ridgethedisabledandthepublic.Showingmylifetothepubliccanallow

（hemto__78understandourgroupandcanalsotellotherdisabledpeoplethatoursocietyismoretoleranl（宽

容）thantheyimagined,sheexplained.

（2022・四川泸州・统考中考真题）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后面的括号内选出可以填入短文

空格处的词，并将该词的字母代号（不写出该词）填写在答题卡相应的位置上。

Nightcame,noisescalmeddownandtheMexicansportscenteroftheOlympicsstoodquietindarkness.

Greenspan,theworldfamousreporter,foundthecenter79aftermakingthesceneswherethemarathon

（马拉松）winnersreceivedthemedalsandmarkedthevictory.Itwastimeforhimtoreturntothehotelforarest.

Hewasabouttoleavewhenhesuddenlysawabandagedmanranintothecenterwithhisright80bleeding.

Thismanranlamely（——痛——拐的）outofbreath,buthedidn't81.Afterheranalongtherunwayforacircle

andgottothe82.hefelldownontheground.

Greenspanguessedthiswasamarathonrunner.Feelinginterested,hewentovertoaskwhytherunnerwanted

toruntothegoalwith83adifficulty.Theyoungman84KowarifromTanzaniareplied,“Thatmy

countrysentmeherefrommorethan20.000kilometersisnottoletmegetoffthemarkinthepetition,buttomake

mepletethegame.Iwanttoruntothegoal,85Ihavefallenbehindallotherrunners.Ihaveagreatgoal

86them.Iwillruntothegoal.Thoughtheaudience（观众）won'tcheermeanymore,mymotherlandis

watchingme87frombehind...**

TearswelledupinGreenspan'seyes.Soon,he88themesttouchingsceneinthehistoryofthe

OlympicGamestoeverycorneroftheworld.

（A.calledB.closelyC.legD.emptyE.goalF.likeG.stopH.spreadI.suchJ.though）

（2022•黑龙江哈尔滨•统考中考真题）阅读短文，用方框中所给同或短语的正确形式填空，使文章通顺、连

贯、合理。（每空只能填一个单词或一个短语，每个单词或短语限用一次）

achieveIclimbmuchthink

aboutheightsadnatural

Itwasnearlydark.Thesunwasgoingdown.Alittleboy,Mike,camebackhome89fromthe

mountain."What'sthematter,Mike?'hismotherasked.

“Themountainisso9。andfullofbigorsmallstoneson（heway.Iwasverytired,soIhadtoreturn,“

Mikecried.

“Itdoesn'tmattcr.^^hismothersaid.

“Butstandingatthetopofthemountainby91isadrcamfromchildhood（童年）!”Mikesaid.

Hisfathercameup."Whatdidyounoticewhen92