2024-2025学年山东省济宁市曲阜某中学高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省济宁市曲阜某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThere’snoshortageofhealthfoodtrendsonTikTok,butwhichonesareactuallysensible?Andshouldyouskipanyofthemaltogether?WeaskedregistereddietitianVanessaRissetto,andhere’swhatyouneedtoknow.EmilyMariko’sSalmonBowlMadewithrice,bakedsalmon,soysauceandspicymayo—andtobeclear,therearealotofdifferentvariationsofitonline—thispassesRissetto’stestbecauseit’shealthy,fast,easyandhasgoodflavor.Rissettosaysthatwhileshewouldrecommendthisrecipe,shewouldalsosuggestchangingthewhitericeforbrownriceforincreasednutrientsandmorefiber.HealthyCookieDoughCookiedoughthat’shealthy?Thisistoogoodtobetrue,right?Theanswerisprobablyyes.Risscttosaysthatwhilethismaybehealthy,itprobablydoesn’ttastegood.“I’mcertainthistasteslikecardboard,”shesaid.“Ifyoudon’tcareabouttaste—thenthisisforyou.”LettuceWaterForSleepWhileharmless,theTikToktrendofpouringboilingwateroverromainelettuceleavestomake“lettucewater”forbettersleepprobablywon’tcureyoursleepdisorder—anditprobablydoesn’ttastegreat,either.“Thisisnotathing.There’snoevidencetoproveit,”Rissettosaid.“Instead,steepabananapeelinboilingwatertohelpaidwithsleep.”Nature’sCerealAsRissettopointsout,it’sbasicallyafruitsmoothiebowl.“Iamallforhavingberriesandcoconutwater,”shesaid.“Nutrition-wise,thishaslotsofvitamins,antioxidantsandfiber.It’sbasicallyafruitsaladthatwouldbesuperrefreshingonahotdayorpost-workout.”1.WhatisspecialaboutEmilyMariko’ssalmonbowl?A.Itdoesn’ttastegreat. B.Itisgoodforhealth.C.Itsrecipeisnotfixed. D.Itusestwokindsofrice.2.Whichrecipedoesn’tRissettorecommend?A.EmilyMariko’ssalmonbowl. B.Healthycookiedough.C.Lettucewaterforsleep. D.Nature’scereal.3.Whichfoodsuitsyoubestafterplayingafootballmatch?A.EmilyMariko’ssalmonbowl. B.Healthycookiedough.C.Lettucewaterforsleep. D.Nature’scereal.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了抖音上几种流行的健康食品是否真的健康。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据EmilyMariko’sSalmonBowl部分中“Madewithrice,bakedsalmon,soysauceandspicymayo—andtobeclear,therearealotofdifferentvariationsofitonline(用米饭、烤鲑鱼、酱油和辣味蛋黄酱制作而成——需要澄清的是，网上有很多不同的版本)”可知，EmilyMariko’sSalmonBowl这道菜没有固定食谱。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据LettuceWaterForSleep部分中“Whileharmless,theTikToktrendofpouringboilingwateroverromainelettuceleavestomake“lettucewater”forbettersleepprobablywon’tcureyoursleepdisorder—anditprobablydoesn’ttastegreat,either.(虽然无害，但TikTok上的一种趋势是把沸水倒在长叶莴苣叶子上改善睡眠的‘生菜水’可能并不能治愈你的睡眠障碍，而且它的味道可能也不怎么样)”可知，Rissetto可能不推荐莴苣水用于睡眠。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Nature’sCereal部分中“It’sbasicallyafruitsaladthatwouldbesuperrefreshingonahotdayorpost-workout.(它基本上是一种水果沙拉，在大热天或锻炼后会非常清爽)”可知，Nature’scereal这道菜适合锻炼后吃。故选D。BIn2016,whenIwasonthegraduatescheme(计划)atDeutscheBank,MarieInafidon,chiefexecutiveofStemettes,whoencouragesgirlstopursuecareersinscience,technology,engineeringandmaths(STEM),wasalsoworkingthere.Ididn’tmeetheratthetime,butIdidreadanarticleaboutherandhercareer.Learningat21yearsoldaboutthecareerofayoungblackwoman’ssucceedinginatraditionallywhitemale-dominatedindustrywasoneofthemostinfluentialthingsthateverhappenedtome.Itgavemeconfidencethatitwaspossibletodowellintheofficeandworkonpersonalexternalprojectatthesametime.Rolemodelscanplayacentralroleinshapingayoungprofessional’scareer.Theyareespeciallyimportantifyoubelongtoanunder-representedgroupforwhomalackofrepresentationintheworkplacecanleadtofeelingisolatedandlackinginconfidence.Theycanhelpthosejuststartingout,whetherornottheyareagraduateasIwas,tobelieveintheirownabilities.There’sagrowingneedtohaveaccessiblerolemodels.Giventhetendencytoexaggerate(夸大)successstories,hearingfromwomenwhotalkhonestlyaboutthechallengestheyhavefaced,eitherwhenstartingabusinessorforminganewcareerpath,ismuchmoreeffective.Astudyrevealedthat70percentofgirlssaytheythinkdifferentlyabouttheirfuturesafterhearingfromwomenrolemodels.I’mfrequentlyaskedaboutwhatbusinessescouldbedoingtoincreaseracialdiversityintheworkplace.Agoodstartingpointistoactivelypromoteandsupportthevoicesofthepeopleintheorganisationthatareleadingpositivechangeandinspiringothers.Thismakesarealdifference.Unlikethetokenism(装样子)Istillcomeacross,whichresultsinindividualsbeingmadethelonerepresentativeforagroupwithoutrealsupportfromtheorganisation.ThingscamefullcircleformewhenIinterviewedMs.Inafidonformybookin2019.IwasabletotellheroftheincredibleimpactherpassionandconfidencehadhadonmeasagraduatetraineeandhowgratefulIwouldalwaysbeforthat.4.WhatdowelearnaboutMarieInafidon？A.Shebecamesuccessfulat21.B.ShewasatraineeatDeutscheBank.C.SheencouragedgirlstotakeupSTEM-relatedwork.D.Shehelpedtheauthorwithherexternalprojectpersonally.5.Whocanbenefitmostfromrolemodelsintheworkplaceaccordingtothethirdparagraph？A.Experiencedprofessionals. B.Agraduateeagertosucceed.C.Peoplewithoutspecialabilities. D.Theyoungfromanunder-representedgroup.6.Whatiseffectiveinchanginggirls’mindset？A.Takingonchallengingprojects.B.Readingmoremade-upsuccessstories.C.Startingtheirownbusinessasearlyaspossible.D.Listeningtowomenrolemodelssharetheirexperiences.7.Whatshouldbusinessesdotoincreaseracialdiversityintheworkplaceaccordingtotheauthor?A.Encouragepositiveopinions.B.Makemorecoloredpeopleauthorities.C.Includemorepeopleofdifferentraces.D.Understandthetruemeaningoftokenism.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过亲身经历阐明了榜样的力量。榜样可以在塑造年轻专业人士的职业生涯中发挥核心作用。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“MarieInafidon,chiefexecutiveofStemettes,whoencouragesgirlstopursuecareersinscience,technology,engineeringandmaths(STEM),wasalsoworkingthere.(鼓励女孩从事科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）职业的Stemettes首席执行官MarieInafidon也在那里工作。)”可知，MarieInafidon鼓励女孩从事STEM相关工作。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Rolemodelscanplayacentralroleinshapingayoungprofessional'scareer.Theyareespeciallyimportantifyoubelongtoanunder-representedgroupforwhomalackofrepresentationintheworkplacecanleadtofeelingisolatedandlackinginconfidence.Theycanhelpthosejuststartingout,whetherornottheyareagraduateasIwas,tobelieveintheirownabilities.(榜样可以在塑造年轻专业人士的职业生涯中发挥核心作用。如果你属于一个代表性不足的群体，在工作场所缺乏代表性会导致你感到孤立和缺乏信心，那么它们尤其重要。他们可以帮助那些刚起步的人，无论他们是否像我一样毕业，相信自己的能力。)”可知，来自代表性不足群体的年轻人能从工作场所的榜样中受益最大。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Giventhetendencytoexaggerate(夸大)successstories,hearingfromwomenwhotalkhonestlyaboutthechallengestheyhavefaced,eitherwhenstartingabusinessorforminganewcareerpath,ismuchmoreeffective.Astudyrevealedthat70percentofgirlssaytheythinkdifferentlyabouttheirfuturesafterhearingfromwomenrolemodels.(考虑到夸大成功故事的倾向，听取那些诚实地谈论自己在创业或形成新的职业道路时所面临挑战的女性的意见要有效得多。一项研究显示，70%的女孩表示，在听取了女性榜样的意见后，她们对自己的未来有了不同的看法。)”可知，倾听女性榜样，分享她们的经历能有效地改变女孩的心态。故选D。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I’mfrequentlyaskedaboutwhatbusinessescouldbedoingtoincreaseracialdiversityintheworkplace.

Agoodstartingpointistoactivelypromoteandsupportthevoicesofthepeopleintheorganisationthatareleadingpositivechangeandinspiringothers.(我经常被问到企业可以做些什么来增加工作场所的种族多样性。一个好的起点是积极促进和支持组织中领导积极变革和激励他人的人们的声音。)”可知，企业应该鼓励积极的意见来增加工作场所的种族多样性。故选A。CThewheelisbelievedtobearound5,500yearsold.Theinventioncameaboutlongaftertheadventofother,arguablymorecomplextechnologies,likeboats,wovencloth,andagriculture.Theinventionofthewheelgreatlyspeededupthedevelopmentofcivilizationbymakingiteasiertotrade.Townsandcitiesgrewcrowded,theirpopulationssustainedbytheincreasedproductivityofwheel-assistedfarming.However,theAztecs,Incas,Maya,andNativeAmericanswhichwereregardedasrelativelyadvancedcivilizationsdidnotusethewheeluntilafterthearrivalofEuropeancolonists(殖民者)duringthelate15thandearly16thcenturies.IthadlongbeenassumedthatancientAmericansdidn’tknowhowtomakethem.Thatturnedouttobefalse.In1880,asarchaeologistDésiréCharnayunearthedthetombofanAztecchildinMexicoCity,hecameacrossasmallfigurine(雕像)mountedonanevensmallersetofwheels.Sincethen,otherwheeledtoyshavebeenfoundacrossthecountry.CurrentexplanationsofwhytheAztecs,Incas,Maya,andNativeAmericanslackedwheelsfocusnotontheknowledgeofhowtocreatethem—whichtheyclearlypossessed—butonpracticality.Onemajorreasonisthatthecontinentlackscreaturesstrongenoughtopullthem.Afterall,horsesandcowscrossedtheAtlanticalongwiththewheelitself.Anotherimportantfactorwasgeography.Yes,theIncasbuiltroads,butthoseroadsweremappedoutoverthehillyterrain(地形)oftheAndesMountains.Theyfeaturedastructureofgiantstaircasesinwhichthereweretop,middle,andbottomlevels.Sowheeledvehicleswouldnothavebeenabletoclimb.AncientAmericansocietiesmightnothavebeenbuiltonwheels,butthisinnowaypreventedthemfromteachinglevelsofcomplexitycomparabletotheirEuropeancounterparts.Theyalsobuiltimpressivearchitecturewithrocks.Howtheirbuildersmanagedtomovethoserockswithouthelpfromthewheel,nobodyknows.Buttheydidmanagetodothis.Ofcourse,theabsenceofthewheelstillshapedthesesocietiesinmeaningfulways.Forexample,attemptstounitethedifferentwarringtribesrepeatedlyfellapartbecauseoftheamountoftimeittooktotravelfromonestronghold(据点)toanother.“WhenthewheeldidfinallyshowupinindigenousAmericansocieties,alotofthingschanged.Butthechangeoccurredmoreslowly.EventhoughindigenousAmericanscouldnowusethewheelfortransport,weaving,andpottery,thisnewandmoreefficienttechnologydidn’treplacethefamiliarwayofdoingthingsovernight.Traditionaltechniquescontinuetobepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,eventothisday,”archaeologistPatrickKirchsaid.8.Whydoestheauthorwritethefirstparagraph?A.Tostressthedifficultyininventingthewheel.B.Todescribetheprocessoftheinventionofthewheel.C.Toexplainthesignificanceoftheinventionofthewheel.D.Tointroducethewideapplicationsofthewheelinmoderntimes.9.Whydidn’tancientIncasusewheels?A.Theylackedtoolsforcreatingwheels.B.Theybuiltroadswithverticalstructures.C.Theyreliedonanimalsfortransportation.D.Theylackedtheknowledgeofproducingwheels.10.Theabsenceofthewheelmightblock_______.A.thecomplexityofancientAmericansocietiesB.thefrequencyofwarsinancientAmericansocietiesC.theimpressivearchitectureinancientAmericansocietiesD.theunificationofdifferenttribesinancientAmericansocieties11.WhatdoesPatrickKirchthinkofintroducingthewheelintoindigenousAmericansocieties?A.Easybutlimited B.Noticeablebutharmful.C.Welcomebutfruitless. D.Influentialbutgradual.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了轮子发明的意义并解释了被认为是相对先进文明的阿兹特克人、印加人、玛雅人和美洲原住民直到15世纪末和16世纪初欧洲殖民者到来之后才开始使用轮子的原因。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Theinventionofthewheelgreatlyspeededupthedevelopmentofcivilizationbymakingiteasiertotrade.Townsandcitiesgrewcrowded,theirpopulationssustainedbytheincreasedproductivityofwheel-assistedfarming.(轮子的发明使贸易更加便利，大大加快了文明的发展。城镇和城市变得拥挤起来，它们的人口是由车轮辅助农业生产力的提高维持的。)”可知，作者写第一段是为了解释轮子发明的意义。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Anotherimportantfactorwasgeography.Yes,theIncasbuiltroads,butthoseroadsweremappedoutoverthehillyterrain(地形)oftheAndesMountains.Theyfeaturedastructureofgiantstaircasesinwhichthereweretop,middle,andbottomlevels.Sowheeledvehicleswouldnothavebeenabletoclimb.(另一个重要因素是地理位置。是的，印加人修建了道路，但这些道路是在安第斯山脉的丘陵地带绘制的。它们的特点是巨大的楼梯结构，有顶层、中层和底层。所以有轮子的车辆不可能爬升。)”可知，古印加人不用轮子是因为他们修建垂直结构的道路。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Ofcourse,theabsenceofthewheelstillshapedthesesocietiesinmeaningfulways.Forexample,attemptstounitethedifferentwarringtribesrepeatedlyfellapartbecauseoftheamountoftimeittooktotravelfromonestronghold(据点)toanother.(当然，没有轮子仍然以有意义的方式塑造了这些社会。例如，由于从一个据点到另一个据点需要花费大量的时间，试图将不同的交战部落联合起来的努力一再失败。)”可推知，车轮的缺失可能会阻碍古代美洲社会中不同部落的统一。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““WhenthewheeldidfinallyshowupinindigenousAmericansocieties,alotofthingschanged.Butthechangeoccurredmoreslowly.EventhoughindigenousAmericanscouldnowusethewheelfortransport,weaving,andpottery,thisnewandmoreefficienttechnologydidn’treplacethefamiliarwayofdoingthingsovernight.Traditionaltechniquescontinuetobepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,eventothisday,”archaeologistPatrickKirchsaid.(“当轮子最终出现在美洲土著社会时，很多事情都发生了变化。但这种变化发生得更为缓慢。尽管印第安人现在可以用轮子来运输、编织和制陶，但这种新的、更高效的技术并没有在一夜之间取代人们熟悉的做事方式。传统技术继续代代相传，直到今天，”考古学家帕特里克·基尔奇说。)”可知，帕特里克·基尔奇认为将车轮引入美国土著社会是有影响力的，但却是渐进的。故选D。DOnonesideoftheroomsitsthecutestlife-sizestuffedanimal(填充玩具)you’veeverseen.Ontheothersiderestsarealdog—thesamesize,shapeandeventhesamenameasthestuffedversion.Yougettositnexttobothofthesefurryfriendsandpettheirfur.Guesswhichonewillmakeyourbrainlightup?Ifyouguessedtherealdog,you’reright.Stuffedanimals,ascuteandlovelyastheymaybe,justdon’teffectivelyactivateourfrontalcortex(额叶皮层),thepartofthebrainoverseeinghowwethinkandfeel,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalPLOSONE.Thestudyfoundanevenstrongerriseinbrainactivitywhenthepersonpettedthefurofarealdogversusastuffedanimal.“Wechosetoresearchthefrontalcortexbecausethisbrainareaisinvolvedinseveralexecutive(执行)functions,suchasattention,workingmemory,andproblem-solving.Butitisalsoinvolvedinsocialandemotionalprocesses,”saidstudyleadauthorRahelMarti,adoctoralstudentinthedivisionofclinicalpsychologyattheUniversityofBaselinSwitzerland.Whyisthisfindingimportant?Itprovidesadditionalevidencethatlivehuman-animalinteractiontherapy(疗法)maypromotecognitiveandemotionalactivityinthebrain.Martisaid,“Ifpatientswithdeficitsinmotivation,attention,andsocioemotionalfunctioningshowhigheremotionalinvolvementinactivitiesconnectedtoarealdog,thensuchactivitiescouldincreasethechanceoflearningandofachievingtreatmentaims.”“Thisisaninteresting,seriouslyconductedstudythatprovidesnewinsightintoassociationsbetweenhuman-animalinteractionandregionalprefrontalbrainactivityinhealthyadults.Wefoundthatbrainactivityincreasedwhenthecontactwitharealdogorastuffedanimalbecamecloser.Thisconfirmspreviousstudiesrelatingclosercontactwithanimalstoincreasedbrainactivity,”Martisaid.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethesubjectofthetext?A.Bylistingsomefigures. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bysettingasituation. D.Byanalyzingaphenomenon.13.Whydidtheresearcherschoosetostudyfrontalcortex?A.Itisinvolvedinseveralbodyparts.B.Itisthemostimportantpartofthebrain.C.Itplaysakeypartinperformingfunctions.D.Itprovidesevidenceforlivehuman-animaltherapy.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deficits”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Styles. B.Faults. C.Adventures. D.Sources.15.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhatPettingADogCanDoForYourBrain?B.WhyAPetDogIsImportantToAPerson?C.WhichPartOfTheBrainIsInvolvedInEmotion?D.HowCanAPatientBenefitFromPettingADog?【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，研究发现，当人们抚摸真狗时，大脑活动会增强。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ononesideoftheroomsitsthecutestlife-sizestuffedanimal(填充玩具)you’veeverseen.Ontheothersiderestsarealdog—thesamesize,shapeandeventhesamenameasthestuffedversion.Yougettositnexttobothofthesefurryfriendsandpettheirfur.Guesswhichonewillmakeyourbrainlightup?(房间的一边放着你见过的最可爱的真人大小的毛绒玩具。另一边躺着一只真狗——大小、形状甚至名字都和填充版一样。你可以坐在这两只毛茸茸的朋友旁边，抚摸它们的毛。猜猜哪个会让你的大脑兴奋起来？)”可知，作者用抚摸真实的狗和填充玩具狗这样一个情景来引出话题，故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Wechosetoresearchthefrontalcortexbecausethisbrainareaisinvolvedinseveralexecutive(执行)functions,suchasattention,workingmemory,andproblem-solving.(我们之所以选择研究额叶皮层，是因为这个大脑区域涉及几个执行功能，比如注意力、工作记忆和解决问题。)”可知，选择研究额叶皮层是因为这个大脑区域涉及一些执行功能，故选C。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Itprovidesadditionalevidencethatlivehuman-animalinteractiontherapy(疗法)maypromotecognitiveandemotionalactivityinthebrain.(它提供了额外的证据，证明活体人-动物互动疗法可能促进大脑中的认知和情感活动。)”以及划线词前“patients(病人)”可知，人和真实的动物互动可能促进大脑中的认知和情感活动，由此推知划线词所在句意为：如果动机、注意力和社会情感功能缺陷的患者在与真狗有关的活动中表现出更高的情感投入，那么这些活动可以增加学习和实现治疗目标的机会，deficits意为“缺陷”，故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Thestudyfoundanevenstrongerriseinbrainactivitywhenthepersonpettedthefurofarealdogversusastuffedanimal.(研究发现，当人们抚摸真狗的皮毛时，大脑活动的上升幅度比抚摸毛绒玩具时更大。)”和最后一段中“Wefoundthatbrainactivityincreasedwhenthecontactwitharealdogorastuffedanimalbecamecloser.(我们发现，当与真狗或毛绒玩具接触得更近时，大脑活动会增加。)”可知，文章主要讲述研究发现，当人们抚摸真狗时，大脑活动会增强。A项“抚摸狗狗对你的大脑有什么好处？”为最佳标题，故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Artcomesintwomaincategories:realisticandabstract.Realisticartaimstoshowreal-lifescenes,people,andobjectsexactlyastheyappear.Itinvolvespayingcloseattentiontodetails,makingthingslooklikephotographs.____16____.It’smoreaboutexpressingfeelings,emotions,andideas.Realisticartiseasytounderstand.Viewerscaneasilyrecognizewhatisportrayed.TaketheMonaLisa,forexample—it’sarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.____17____,helpingustolearnaboutthepast.Unlikerealisticart,abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.____18____.Theyuseshapes,colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.Abstractartmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Somepeopleenjoytryingtofigureoutwhattheartworkconveys._____19_____.Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslookreal.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.Manyartistsareskilledinboth.Theycreaterealisticpiecestodemonstratetheirtechnicalskillsandabstractonestodisplaytheircreativity.Asforpersonalpreference,somepeopleprefertheclearstoriesofrealisticartwhileothersareattractedtothemysteryofabstractart,interpretingmeaningsintheshapesandforms.Together,thetwokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseandengaging.____20____.A.BothtypesofarttakeskillstomakeB.PhotographspreservefacesoffolksfromlongagoC.GraspingabstractartdemandsmoreartistictrainingD.BothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeautyE.Incontrast,abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearancesF.ArtworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylifeG.Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-liferepresentations【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以两种艺术：现实主义艺术和抽象艺术为主题。讲述了各自的特点，在表现形式方面的各自特点形成了艺术世界的多样性和美的价值。【16题详析】根据后文“It’smoreaboutexpressingfeelings,emotions,andideas.(它更多的是表达感觉、情感和想法。)”并结合常识可知，该句的主题是抽象艺术，因此可推知，设空句的主题也应是抽象艺术，以衔接呼应后文的“It”。选项E“Incontrast,abstractartfocuseslessonrealisticappearances(相比之下，抽象艺术较少关注现实的外观)”提出了主题“抽象艺术”，呼应“It”，同时“Incontrast”可与前文构成对比关系，前后衔接紧密。故选E项。【17题详析】根据前文“TaketheMonaLisa,forexample—it’sarealisticpaintingofaladywithamysterioussmile.(以《蒙娜丽莎》为例，这是一幅现实主义画，画的是一位带着神秘微笑的女士。)”可知，设空句应对这个《蒙娜丽莎》的举例进行总结，并体现现实主义艺术的特点。选项F“Artworkslikethistellstoriesabouthistoryandeverydaylife(像这样的艺术品讲述了历史和日常生活的故事)”中“Artworkslikethis”指代前文的《蒙娜丽莎》，且讲述了现实主义艺术的特点，与后文“helpingustolearnaboutthepast(帮助我们了解过去)”在内容上衔接紧密。故选F项。【18题详析】根据前文“Unlikerealisticart,abstractartismoreaboutbeingcreative.(与现实主义艺术不同，抽象艺术更注重创造性。)”可知，该段在讲述抽象艺术的特点。设空句承接前文，应是对抽象艺术的特点“创造性”进行进一步解释。选项G“Artistshavethefreedomtogobeyondreal-liferepresentations(艺术家有超越现实生活表现的自由)”中“超越现实生活表现的自由”即为前文提及的“创造性”的进一步解释，同时呼应后文“Theyuseshapes,colorsandpatternstoexpressfeelingsandideas.(他们用形状、颜色和图案来表达感情和想法。)”的“不同形状，颜色和图案”，前后衔接紧密。故选G项。【19题详析】设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的中心主旨句。根据后文“Realisticartneedsprecisionindrawingorsculptingtomakethingslookreal.Abstractartrequiresimaginationtouseshapesandcolorsinnewways.(现实主义艺术需要精确的绘画或雕刻，使事物看起来真实。抽象艺术需要想象力，以新的方式使用形状和颜色。)”可知，该段讲述的核心内容是两种艺术各自需要的技巧以及艺术家们对两种艺术的应用。选项A“Bothtypesofarttakeskillstomake(这两种类型的艺术都需要技巧)”提出两种艺术都需要技巧，可总结该段的核心内容，作为该段的首句。故选A项。【20题详析】根据前文“Together,thetwokindsofartmaketheartworlddiverseandengaging.(这两种艺术共同使艺术世界多样化和引人入胜。)”可知，作为末尾部分，前文以及设空句应是对两种艺术形式的褒义总结。选项D“Bothwaysofcreatingarthavetheirownvalueandbeauty(两种艺术创作方式都有各自的价值和美)”总结了各自的价值和美，与前文在句意上衔接紧密，可作为末尾句。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastyear,Istartedthejourneyofbeingaremoteproductdesigner.Thethoughtofa____21____schedule,acomfortablehomeoffice,andtheescapefromthecrowdedpublictransportwasincredibly____22____.Thefirstfewweekswerefilledwithalong-lostfeelingof____23____.However,the____24____ofworkingfromhomegraduallysetin.Ihadstartedmydaywiththebestintentions,promisingmyselfquickbreaksandregular____25____.Butdeadlines,endlessemails,andvirtualmeetings____26____metomycomputerthroughouttheday,leavingmelittletimeto____27____.Goneweretheshortwalkstoacolleague’sdeskandthequicklunchtimewalksaroundtheofficecomplex.Finally,myworldwas____28____tothewallsofmyhome,mysteps____29____inmeremetersratherthankilometers.Oneday,Itried____30____oneofmyfavoritedressesanditwasn’tpassingthroughmywaistatall.Glancingatmyselfinthemirror,Isawa____31____personcarryingextraweight,ratherthansomeoneenjoyingfreedom.The____32____ofworkandpersonallifehadleftmefeelinglikeIwasaneverendingmotionmachine.Thisincidentmarkedthe____33____ofajourneyofself-discovery.ImadeupmymindthatIneededa(n)____34____notjustformywaistlinebutformyoverallwell-being.Itwasapromisetoprioritizemyphysicalandmentalhealth,andacommitmentthatIcould____35____controlovermylifeandmybody.21.A.tight B.regular C.full D.flexible22.A.appealing B.amusing C.challenging D.disturbing23.A.direction B.security C.freedom D.responsibility24.A.duties B.rewards C.problems D.expectations25.A.visits B.emails C.updates D.stretches26.A.tied B.inspired C.guided D.introduced27.A.reply B.relax C.react D.read28.A.extended B.limited C.related D.exposed29.A.counted B.repeated C.watched D.followed30.A.tidyingup B.puttingaside C.fittinginto D.gettingback31.A.lazy B.tired C.rude D.mad32.A.mix B.success C.balance D.value33.A.distance B.memory C.beginning D.training34.A.promise B.excuse C.answer D.change35.A.maintain B.ease C.remove D.regain【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.C25.D26.A27.B28.B29.A30.C31.B32.A33.C34.D35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。在成为远程产品设计师之后，居家办公并不如“我”想象的那般美好和自由，个人生活和工作的混合让“我”疲惫不堪，失去了对生活和身体的控制，在发现自己已经穿不上原本最喜欢的裙子后，“我”决定做出改变，优先考虑自己的身体和心理健康，开始自我发现之旅。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灵活的工作时间，舒适的家庭办公室，以及远离拥挤的公共交通，想到这些就觉得非常吸引人。A.tight紧的；B.regular规律的；C.full充满的；D.flexible灵活的。根据前文“Lastyear,Istartedthejourneyofbeingaremoteproductdesigner.(去年，我开始了远程产品设计师的旅程。)”可知，此处是指灵活的工作时间。故选D。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：灵活的工作时间，舒适的家庭办公室，以及远离拥挤的公共交通，想到这些就觉得非常吸引人。A.appealing吸引人的；B.amusing令人愉快的；C.challenging有挑战性的；D.disturbing令人不安的。根据“acomfortablehomeoffice,andtheescapefromthecrowdedpublictransport”可知，此处是指想到这些就觉得这份工作非常吸引人。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初的几个星期充满了久违的自由感。A.direction方向；B.security安全；C.freedom自由；D.responsibility责任。根据前文“acomfortablehomeoffice,andtheescapefromthecrowdedpublictransport”可知，此处是指久违的自由感。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在家工作的问题逐渐出现了。A.duties责任；B.rewards奖励；C.problems问题；D.expectations期待。根据后文“Butdeadlines,endlessemails,andvirtualmeetings(但是最后期限、没完没了的邮件和虚拟会议)”可知，此处是指问题逐渐出现了。故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怀着最美好的心情开始了我的一天，答应自己快速休息一下，定期做伸展运动。A.visits访问；B.emails邮件；C.updates更新；D.stretches伸展。根据“quickbreaksandregular”可知，此处是指做伸展运动。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是截止日期、没完没了的邮件和虚拟会议把我整天都绑在电脑前，几乎没有时间放松。A.tied束缚；B.inspired激励；C.guided指导；D.introduced介绍。根据“deadlines,endlessemails,andvirtualmeetings”和“metomycomputerthroughouttheday”可知，此处是指截止日期、没完没了的邮件和虚拟会议把“我”整天都绑在电脑前。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是截止日期、没完没了的邮件和虚拟会议把我整天都绑在电脑前，几乎没有时间放松。A.reply回复；B.relax放松；C.react反应；D.read阅读。根据前文“promisingmyselfquickbreaks”可知，此处是指几乎没有时间放松。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的世界被限制在家里的墙壁上，我的步数以米而不是公里计算。A.extended延伸；B.limited限制；C.related联系；D.exposed使暴露。根据“tothewallsofmyhome”可知，此处是指“我”被限制在家里。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的世界被限制在家里的墙壁上，我的步数以米而不是公里计算。A.counted计算；B.repeated重复；C.watched观看；D.followed跟随。根据“inmeremetersratherthankilometers”可知，此处是指“我”的步数以米而不是公里计算。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我试着穿上我最喜欢的一件裙子，它根本没有通过我的腰。A.tidyingup整理；B.puttingaside存储；C.fittinginto穿上；D.gettingback重新获得。根据“oneofmyfavoritedressesanditwasn’tpassingthroughmywaistatall”可知，此处是指试着穿上最喜欢的裙子。故选C。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着镜子里的自己，我看到的不是一个享受自由的人，而是一个背负着多余重量的疲惫的人。A.lazy懒惰的；B.tired疲惫的；C.rude粗鲁的；D.mad疯狂的。根据“carryingextraweight,ratherthansomeoneenjoyingfreedom”可知，此处是指作者非常疲惫。故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作和个人生活的混合让我觉得自己是一台永不停息的机器。A.mix混合；B.success成功；C.balance平衡；D.value价值。根据“ofworkandpersonallife”可知，此处是指居家工作后工作和个人生活的混合。故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件事标志着自我发现之旅的开始。A.distance距离；B.memory记忆；C.beginning开始；D.training训练。根据“Thisincidentmarkedthe”和“ofajourneyofself-discovery”可知，此处是指这件事标志着自我发现之旅的开始。故选C。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我下定决心，我需要改变，不仅仅是为了我的腰围，而是为了我的整体健康。A.promise承诺；B.excuse借口；C.answer答案；D.change改变。根据“notjustformywaistlinebutformyoverallwell-being”可知，此处是指下定决心要改变。故选D。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个优先考虑我的身体和心理健康的承诺，也是一个我可以重新控制我的生活和身体的承诺。A.maintain维持；B.ease缓解；C.remove清除；D.regain重新获得。根据“controlovermylifeandmybody”可知，此处是指重新找回对生活和身体的控制。故选D。第二节(共10小题，每小题1分，满分15分)根据所给单词的汉语提示，写出空缺处单词的正确形式，每空一词。36.Thecompanyenjoysaworldwide___________(名声)forthequalityofdesign.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】reputation【解析】考查名词。句意：这家公司因其设计质量在全球享有盛誉。“名声”为“reputation”作宾语。空前有不定冠词，故用单数。故填reputation。37.Hasany___________(突破)everbeenmade