课时21.九年级　Units 13～14-2023中考英语四轮总复习（人教新目标版）（教师版）

课时21.九年级Units13～14学习目标：1.单词背默2.词汇拓展3.短语背默4.句型背默5.高频考点突破6.高频话题写作指导单词背默1.乱扔(v.)垃圾；废弃物(n.)________2．底部；最下部(n.)________3．渔民；钓鱼的人(n.)________4．煤；煤块(n.)________5．丑陋的；难看的(adj.)________6．木制的；木头的(adj.)________7．塑料的(adj.)塑料；塑胶(n.)________8．残酷的；残忍的(adj.)________9．有害的(adj.)________10．工业；行业(n.)________11．法律；法规(n.)________12．承担得起(后果)；买得起(v.)________13．回收利用；再利用(v.)________14．大门(n.)________15．瓶子(n.)________16．负责人；总统；主席(n.)________17．(音乐、艺术)作品(n.)________18．金属(n.)________19.调查(n.)________20．标准；水平(n.)________21．一排；一列；一行(n.)________22．键盘式电子乐器；键盘(n.)________23．方法；措施(n.)________24．指示；命令(n.)________25．加倍；是……的两倍(v.)两倍的；加倍的(adj.)________26．将要；将会(modalv．)________27．体贴人的；关心他人的(adj.)________28．水平(n.)________29．(大学)学位；度数；程度(n.)________30．渴望的；口渴的(adj.)________31．感谢；感激(adj.)________32．任务；工作(n.)________33．向前面；在前面(adv.)________34．单独的；分离的(adj.)分开；分离(v.)________35．翅膀；翼(n.)________词汇拓展1.advantage(n.)优点；有利条件→________(n.)缺点；不利条件2．cost(v.)花费(n.)花费；价钱→________(过去式/过去分词)3．science(n.)科学→________(n.)科学家→________(adj.)科学上的；科学的4．overcome(v.)克服；战胜→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)→________(现在分词)5．junior(adj.)年少的；地位或级别较低的→________(adj.)级别或地位较高的6．congratulate(v.)祝贺→________(n.)祝贺7．responsible(adj.)有责任心的→________(n.)责任8．create(v.)创造→________(adj.)有创造力的→________(n.)创造力短语背默1.对……有害____________2．在……顶部或顶端____________3．参加____________4．关掉____________5．付费；付出代价____________6．采取行动____________7．扔掉；抛弃____________8．好好利用某物____________9．拆下；摧毁____________10．上下颠倒；倒转____________11．恢复；使想起；归还____________12．连续几次地____________13．回首(往事)；回忆；回顾____________14．弄得一团糟(一塌糊涂)____________15．沉住气；保持冷静____________16.高中____________17．(时间)逝去；过去____________18．信任；信赖____________19．首先____________20．渴望；渴求____________21．对某人心存感激____________22．在……前面____________23．连同；除……以外还____________24．对……有责任；负责任____________25．出发；启程____________26．分离；隔开____________27．目前为止____________28．空气污染____________29．削减____________句型背默1.We're________tosavetheearth！我们尽力拯救地球！2．Theriver________________besoclean.这条河过去很清澈。3．Theairisbadly________．空气污染很严重。4．Noscientificstudies________________thatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.没有科学研究表明鲨鱼翅有益健康。5．We________________savethesharks.我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。6．Iremember________allofyouinGrade7.我记得在七年级见过你们所有人。7．________________yourplansfornextyear？你明年有什么计划？8．________doyou________aboutGrade8？关于八年级你记得什么？【答案】一．重点单词1．litter2.bottom3.fisherman4.coal5.ugly6．wooden7.plastic8.cruel9.harmful10.industry11．law12.afford13.recycle14.gate15.bottle16．president17.work18.metal19.survey20．standard21.row22.keyboard23.method24．order25.double26.shall27.caring28.level29.degree30.thirsty31.thankful32.task33．ahead34.separate35.wing二．词形百变1．disadvantage2.cost3.scientistscientific4．overcameovercomeovercoming5.senior6．congratulation7.responsibility8．creativecreativity三．核心短语1．beharmfulto2.atthetopof3．takepartin4.turnoff5.payfor6．takeaction7.throwaway8．putsth.togooduse9.pull...down10．upsidedown11.bringback12．inarow13.lookbackat14．makeamess15.keepone'scool16．seniorhigh(school)17.goby18．believein19.firstofall20．bethirstyfor21.bethankfultosb.22．aheadof23.alongwith24.beresponsiblefor25．setout26.separatefrom27.sofar28．airpolluted29.cutdown四．核心句型1．trying2.usedto3.polluted4.haveshown5．shouldhelp6.meeting7.Whatare8．Whatremember高频考点突破考点1Yes,wecan'taffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction.是的，我们再也等不起了，必须采取行动。(1)与can,could和beableto连用：can'taffordthefailure意为“承受不起失败”；canafford(tobuy)sth.意为“买得起”。(2)affordsth.tosb.意为“为某人提供某物”。(3)afford不用于被动语态。考点2Haveyoueverthoughtabouthowthesethingscanactuallybeputtogooduse?你有想过怎样充分利用这些东西吗？考点3Firstofall,I'dliketocongratulateallthestudentswhoareheretoday.首先，我要祝贺今天到场的全体同学。考点4Althoughyouhavetogoyourseparatewaysnow,Ihopethatinafewyears'time,you'llcomebacktovisitourschool.尽管你们将走各自的道路，但我希望几年以后你们能回来拜访母校。separate意为“分开”，强调把原来在一起或靠近的事物分隔开来，分开后的部分具有相对的独立性，常与介词from连用。divide意为“分割；分开”，强调把一个整体按等量或一定比例分开，常与介词into连用。随堂练习1．Junkfoodis________(harm)toyourhealth,soyou'dbettergiveitup.2．Atlast,Ann________(overcome)hershynessandgaveusaspeechinpublic.3．Mr.Smith'sbiggest________(advantage)isthatheisaforgetfulperson.4．HowshouldIarrangemyschedule?Canyougivemesome________(science)advice?5．Asmiddleschoolstudents,wehavethe________(responsible)todosomethingfortheenvironment.【答案】1．harmful2.overcame3.disadvantage4.scientific5．responsibility随堂精练一．单项选择1．—Doyoulikesummer？ —Yes,it'sthebestseason________.A．swim B．swimsC．swimming D．toswim【答案】Dthebestseasontodosth.“做某事最好的季节”。故选D。2．Don'tplaygamesonthecomputerallday.It's________toyoureyes.A．harmful B．programC．helpful D．thankful【答案】Abeharmfultosb.意为“对某人有害”。故选A。3．DoyouknowhowmuchMary________allthesebooks?They________only200yuan!A．spent;cost B．paidfor;spentC．paidfor;cost D．cost;spent【答案】Cpay...forsth.“为……花费……钱”，cost主语应该是“物”，they在这里代指“thesebooks”。故选C。4．—WhatdoyouthinkofthesciencefictionmovieTheWonderingEarthmadeinChina?—Ifound________agreatsuccessforChinesetomakesuchawonderfulfilmlikethat.A．it B．it'sC．that D．that's【答案】Ait作为形式宾语指代“tomakesuchawonderfulfilmlikethat”。故选A。5．—Excuseme.CouldyoupleasetellmewhichisthewaytoHeyangJuniorHighSchool?—________ofthefourroadswillleadtoHeyangJuniorhighschool.A．Any B．NeitherC．Both D．Either【答案】Aany指三者或三者以上中的任何一个；neither“两者都不”；both“两者都”；either“两者之中任何一个”。根据“fourroads”可知用any，故选A。6．Doingeyeexercises________well________oureyesight.A．work;protect B．work;toprotectC．works;inprotecting D．works;protecting【答案】C“Doingeyeexercises”为句子主语，故谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式，indoingsth.意为“在……方面”。故选C。7．—Whoisthemanbehindthetree?—He________beTom'sfather.ButI'mnotsure.A．may B．can'tC．must D．should【答案】Amay“也许；可能”，根据“I'mnotsure”可知表不确定的推测。故选A。8．—We'regettingmarried!—________A．Forgetit! B．Congratulations!C．Thanks. D．Don'tworry.【答案】B根据句意可知此处表祝贺，故选B。9．—I'mnotsureifmysisterVivian________thedrivingtestnextweek.—Pleaseletmeknowifshe________it.A．haspassed;passes B．passed;willpassC．passes;haspassed D．willpass;passes【答案】D前句宾语从句时间状语为nextweek，故用将来时；后句为if引导的条件状语从句，用现在时表示将来。故选D。10．—Ourschoolsoccerteamwonthefirstprizejustnow.—________excitingnewsitis!A．What B．HowC．Whata D．Whatan【答案】A本句的中心词是news，不可数名词，用“What＋形容词＋不可数名词”结构，故选A。二．阅读理解AHereisanexperimenttoseehowantscanorganizesomecleverteamwork.What'sgoingon?Youcanseeoneofthebestexamplesofinsectteamworkbywatchingants.Ifoneantfindsfood,itleadsotherstheretoeatittoo.Theyfolloweachotherbymakinglongtrails.Theantsgobackandforthcollectingfood,totakebacktotheirnest(穴).Whenyoumovethefruit,theantswillstillfindit.But,insteadofmakinganewdirectroute(路线)tothefood,theywillfolloweachotherthroughtheiroldtrailroute.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过一个实验介绍蚂蚁如何进行团队合作。1．Whatwillhappenifoneantfindsfood?A．Theantwilleatallthefood.B．Theantwillwatchotherants.C．Theantwillleadotherstothefood.D．Theantwillwaituntilotherscome.【答案】C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Ifoneantfindsfood，itleadsotherstheretoeatittoo.”可知，如果一只蚂蚁找到食物，它就会引导其他蚂蚁也去吃它，故选C。2．Ifthefruitismovedtoanewposition,theantswill________.A．failtofinditB．giveuplookingforitC．makeanewdirectroutetoitD．gettoitthroughtheoldtrailroute【答案】D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“But,insteadofmakinganewdirectroute(路线)tothefood,theywillfolloweachotherthroughtheiroldtrailroute.”可知，他们并不是直接开辟一条通往食物的新路线，而是会沿着他们原来的路线走下去，故选D。3．Whichisthecorrectordertodothisexperiment?a．Movethefruittoanewposition.b．Findanant.c．Checkthefruitanhourlater.d．Putathinsliceoffruitinfrontoftheant.A．a－b－c－d B．b－d－c－aC．d－b－c－a D．c－a－d－b【答案】B细节理解题。根据文中的图片可知正确的顺序为“First,youneedsomeants.”，“Putathinsliceoffruitinfrontofit.”，“Checkthefruitafteranhour.”，“Movethefruittoanewposition”。故选B。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthisexperiment?A．Theexperimentisdonesuccessfullyinthelab.B．Antsdotheexperimenttoshowtheirteamspirit.C．Carefulwatchingdoeslittlehelpinthisexperiment.D．Wecanfindoutsomefactsbydoingsmallexperiments.【答案】D推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Youcanseeoneofthebestexamplesofinsectteamworkbywatchingants.”可知通过观察蚂蚁的实验可以了解昆虫如何进行团队合作，故选D。BYoudon'thavetobeascientisttosolvebigenvironmentalproblems.OneDutchdesignerisfindingcreativewaystomakeachange—andhe'sinvitingbikerstojoinhim.DaanRoosgaarde,38,isadesignerfromHolland.Heusescreativeideastoimprovecitylife.ForhisSmog(雾霾)FreeProject,hedesignedaspecialtowerthatcleansairinChineseparks.InHolland,hedesignedashiningbicyclepath.NowDaanandhisteamareworkingwithengineersatChinesebike－sharingcompanytocreateanewproductforpublicuse.It'sanair－cleaningmachineconnectedtoabicycleandispartoftheSmogFreeProject.Insmoggyweather,themachinewouldbreatheintheairinfrontofthebikeandblowoutastreamofcleanairtowardthebiker'sface.It'snosecretthatairpollutionisabigproblemforChina.Inwinter,it'scommonforthickcloudsofhaze(霾),causedlargelybyfactoryproduction,burningofcoalandcaremissions(排放物),tocoverareasofChina.In2016,onlyone－fourthofChinesecitiesmetthecountry'sairqualitystandards,accordingtoasurveyof338citiesnationwidefromtheMinistryofEnvironmentalProtection.“Ofcourseonetowerandafewbikeswon'tsolveChina'sairpollutionproblem，”Daansaid,“Butsmog－freebikesareanexcitingideathatwillhopefullyinspirecommunitiestocreategreenercities.”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一个荷兰的设计师设计了一款塔楼和带有空气净化器的自行车，能有效改善雾霾天城市的空气质量，想以此来激发和促进人们创建绿色、环保的城市生活。5．Accordingtothewriter,________.A．airpollutionisnotabigprobleminChinaB．creativeideasmayhelpimprovecitylifeC．onlyscientistscansolvebigenvironmentalproblemsD．thesurveyof338citiesnationwidewasnotnecessary【答案】B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Heusescreativeideastoimprovecitylife.”可知，创意理念可以改善城市生活，故选B。6．Fromthepassage,weknowthat________.A．peoplewhohavecreativeideascangetfreebikesB．onlysmog－freebikescangoontheshiningbicyclepathC．DaanandhisfamilyspentalltheirtimeimprovingChina'sairqualityD．China'shazeinwinterhappensbecauseofmorethanthreecauses【答案】D推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Inwinter,it'scommonforthickcloudsofhaze(霾),causedlargelybyfactoryproduction,burningofcoalandcaremissions(排放物),tocoverareasofChina.”可知，雾霾主要是由于工业生产、燃煤以及汽车排放物造成的，但不仅限于三个主要原因，故选D。7．Daanisinvitingbikerstojoinhiminorderto________.A．raisemoneyforthetowerB．testhisnewmachineC．helpsolvetheairpollutionproblemD．makemoreChinesefriends【答案】C推理判断题。根据第一段“Youdon'thavetobeascientisttosolvebigenvironmentalproblems.OneDutchdesignerisfindingcreativewaystomakeachange—andhe'sinvitingbikerstojoinhim.”可知，他邀请自行车爱好者加入他的行列是为了帮助解决环境污染问题，故选C。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．BreathingInandOutB．BikingforFreshAirC．SurveyfromtheGovernmentD．China'sAirPollutionProblem【答案】B标题判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Insmoggyweather,themachinewouldbreatheintheairinfrontofthebikeandblowoutastreamofcleanairtowardthebiker'sface.”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了可以净化空气的自行车，B项作标题最为恰当。故选B。三．短文填空Helenlovedsmallanimals.Onemorningwhileshewaswalkingintheforest,shefoundtwoweakbirdsinthegrass.Shetookthemhomeandput__1__inasmallcage.Shelookedafterthem__2__loveandthebirdsbothgrewwell.Theythankedherwithawonderfulsongeverymorning.Butsomethinghappenedoneday.Helenleftthedoorofthecageopen.Thelarger__3__flewfromthecage.Shethoughtthatitwouldflyaway,soshecaughtit.Shewasvery__4__tocatchit.Suddenlyshefeltstrange.Sheopenedherhandandlookedsadlyatthe__5__bird.Hergreatlovehadkilledthebird!Theotherbirdwasmovingbackandforth(来回地)inthecage.Helencouldfeelthebirdwanttogoout.Itwantedto__6__intothebluesky.Atonce,Helentookthebirdoutofthecageandletitflyaway.Thebirdcircled,twice,threetimes...Helenenjoyedwatchingthebirdflyingandsinginghappily.Suddenlythebirdflewcloserandlandedsoftlyonherhead.Itsangthesweetestsongthatshehadever__7__.Theeasiestwaytolose__8__istoholdtootight(紧).Thebestwaytokeeploveistogiveitfreedom.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过Helen养鸟的故事说明一个道理：抓的太紧会失去爱，保持爱的最好方法是给它自由。【答案】1．them根据语境可知此处指的是它们(这两只小鸟)，在句中作宾语，故填them。2．with句意：她用爱照顾它们。根据语境可知此处表述的是“用”，故填with。3．bird根据上文提到养鸟可知此处指的是鸟，故填bird。4．excited她抓住了鸟很激动。故填excited。5．dead根据下一句“Hergr