2022届江苏省四校高三上学期12月联考英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2022届江苏省四校高三上学期12月联考英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分:听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatsportdoesthemanlikebest?A.Skiing.B.Iceskating.C.Skateboarding.2.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Havehiscarfixed.B.GoshoppingwithLisa.C.Drivethewomantoapark.3.Wheremightthemanbe?A.Inaboat.B.Inaswimmingpool.C.Inabath.4.Whomightthemanbe?A.Astudent.B.Aregularteacher.C.Asubstituteteacher.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofactors?A.Theyareunsatisfied.B.Theyarerich.C.Theyarecool.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Researchoncoffeedrinking.B.Effectsofsleepinghabits.C.Studiesaboutadisease.7.Whendoesthewomanliketodrinkcoffee?A.Intheafternoon.B.Intheevening.C.Inthemorning.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howmuchmoneydidthemanspendonataxi?A.$10.B.$20C.$30.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanwillnotmiss?A.Thetrain.B.Thepromotion.C.Thefood听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.AtravelplanB.ApastcampingtripC.Acompanyactivity11.Whathappenedtothespeakerslastyear?A.TheymovedtoItaly.B.Theyhadanaccident.C.Theylostsomemoneyinaforest.12.Wheredothespeakersdecidetogointheend?A.Tothemountains.B.Totheseaside.C.Tothedesert.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomangivethemanfirst?A.Herpassport.B.Herticket.C.Hername.14.Wheredoesthewomanprefertosit?A.Infirstclass.B.Bythewashroom.C.Nearthewalkway.15.Whattimeisitnow?A.9:20.B.9:30.C.9:40.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelintheend?A.Angry.B.Grateful.C.Confused.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowdidPenangA.IthasthebiggesttoyinMalaysia.B.It'sthelargestmuseuminMalaysia.C.It'sthefirsttoymuseuminMalaysia.18.Whendidtheownergethisfirsttoy?A.In1973.B.In2000.C.In2005.19.WhatdoweknowabouttheGundamrobot?A.It'sfromMalaysia.B.It'scheapandordinary.C.It's180centimeterstall.20.HowmanyhoursisthemuseumopenonSaturday?A.6.B.9.C.12.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A(Urgent)MiddleSchoolScienceTeacherAboutthePosition:●AllGirls●WorkSchedule:M-F,8:00--4:30●Location:Princeton●Classsize:11-15studentsperclass●Religion:ThisschoolisaPrivateAllteachersareexpectedtoattendMassandprayeractivitiesattheschool.BenefitPackage:●Salary:CompetitiveSalary(basedonqualificationsandexperience)●Health,Life,Dental,andVisionInsurance●PaidHolidays●Lunchisprovidedandteachersmayusethefitnesscenter,library,andmanyotherfacilitiesforpersonaluse●OngoingprofessionaldevelopmentRequirements:●2+year(s)ofrelatedsubjectexperience●DegreeinEducationisstronglypreferredbutnotrequired●FormalSummary:OurclientisanallGirl’sK--12PrivateCatholicSchoollocatedintheheartofPrinceton,NewJersey.Thisbeautifulcampusislocatedexactlyonehourfromthebeach,onehourawayfromthemountains,andonehourawayfromtheprestigiousPrincetonApplytodayorcontactusformorerecruitment(招聘)details!1.Whichofthefollowingisamustfortheposition?A.AdegreeinEducation. B.Astrongreligiousbelief.C.Oneyearteachingexperience. D.Formal2.Whatistheschoolfamousfor?A.Havingatopuniversityasaneighbour.B.Agoodlearningenvironmentforgirls.C.Thebeautifulbeachandmountainsnearby.D.Itscurriculumfocusingonvarioussubjects.3.Wherecanwefindthispassage?A.Agovernmentwebsite B.AsocialnetworkingwebsiteC.Theschoolofficialwebsite D.Arecruitmentagencywebsite【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则招聘广告，紧急招聘中学科学老师。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三部分Requirements中“●FormalStateTeachingLicenseisrequired”（需有正式的国家教学许可证）可知，该职位必须有正式的国家教学许可证，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theschoolisknowntoprovidealearningenvironmentwheregirlsputacademicsfirst,arewillingandabletotakerisks,andexploreeveryopportunityavailable.”（据悉，该学校提供了一个学习环境，在这里，女孩们把学业放在首位，愿意并能够冒险，探索每一个可用的机会）可知，这所学校为女生提供良好的学习环境，故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文为招聘广告，紧急招聘中学科学老师，故这篇文章最有可能出现在招聘机构网站，故选D。【点睛】BThestoryofO.Henry,whoserealnamewasWilliamSidneyPorter,couldalmostbeanO.Henrystory,Hehadasecretandspentmostofhisadultlifetryingtohideit.Thepennamewaspartofthateffort,butPorteralsoavoidedbeingphotographed,rarelygaveinterviews,andstayedawayfromsituationswheresomeonemightpry(窥探)intohispast.Hisearlylifewasunsettled.Atnineteen,heworkedasapharmacist.Soonafterward,hemovedtoTexas.HelaterpublishedanumberofstoriessetintheWest.Thendisasterstruck.Hetookajobasdteller(出纳员)intheFirstNationalBankofAustin.In1894,afederalbankexaminerdiscoveredashortageof$5,654inthebank'saccounts,andaccusedPorterofembezzlement(盗用公款).ItwasnaturaltoassumethatPorterhadborrowedthemoneytokeephisstrugglingmagazineoutofdebt,intendingtopayitback.Onthefewoccasions,heimpliedthathewascoveringforsomeoneelse,butheneversaidwhoitwas.Eventually,hewassentencedtofiveyearsinprison.Andthatisthesecrethespenttherestofhislifetryingtohide----eyenfromthisdaughter.Inprison,PorterwrotefourteenstoriesandbeganusingO.Henryasapenname.In1902,hemovedtoNewYorkwherehebeganproducingatanastonishingrate.In1904alone,hepublishedsixty-sixstories.Hebeganbringingoutcollectionsin1906“TheFourMillion,"whichcontainssomeofhismostfamousworks:“TheGiftoftheMagi,"and“TheCopandtheAnthem.”Financially,heledthehand-to-mouthexistenceofmostfull-timewriters,evenverysuccessfulones.Despitehisrateofproduction,Porterfoundwritingstressfulandhadtroublewithdeadlines.Hewasfrankaboutthefactthathewrotefortheincome.Whenhestartedgettingpaidmoreforhisstories,hewrotefewerofthem.Sufferingfromseveralhealthproblems,hediedin1910atfortyseven.Hewasbegginghiseditorforpaymentinadvancerightuptotheend.4."thateffort”inparagraph2referstowhatO.Henrydidto________.A.avoidbeinginthespotlight B.hidehissecretfromhisdaughterC.coveruphisimprisonmentpast D.spendhislifehearofinterviews5.InwhichorderdidO.Henrydothefollowingthing?a.Publishedthecollection"TheFourMillion."b.Tookthejobasapharmacist.c.MovedtoNewYork.d.Workedinabank.e.Wasputintoprison.f.BeganusingO.Henryasapenname.A.b,d,e,f,c,a B.b,d,f,e,c,a C.d,f,b,e,a,c D.d,e,f,c,b,a6.WhatcanwelearnaboutO.Henryfromthelastparagraph?AHedidnotgetpaidbyhiseditoruntilhemetthedeadline.B.Hefelttheeconomicsqueezeevenrightbeforehedied.C.Healwayshadtroubleproducingnewstoriesduetopoethealth.DHewroteformoneybecausehehadachievedfamealready.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.O.Henry'sSuccessfulCareer B.ABigRevealofO.HenryC.TheLiteraryWorldofO.Henry D.O.Henry'sImprisonmentTime【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要揭露了著名作家欧亨利的一个不为人知的曾经入狱的秘密且一辈子经济拮据的故事。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“stayedawayfromsituationswheresomeonemightpryintohispast.”（远离可能有人窥探他过去的情况）以及第四段倒数第二句“Eventually,hewassentencedtofiveyearsinprison”(最终，他被判处五年徒刑)可知，"thateffort”指欧亨利试图掩盖自己过去的入狱经历，故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Atnineteen,heworkedasapharmacist...Thendisasterstruck.Hetookajobasdteller(出纳员)intheFirstNationalBankofAustin.”（19岁时，他作为一名药剂师工作了……灾难来临了，他在Austin第一国家银行担任出纳员）；第四段“Eventually,hewassentencedtofiveyearsinprison.”（最终，他被判处五年监禁。）；第五段“Inprison,PorterwrotefourteenstoriesandbeganusingO.Henryasapenname.”（在监狱里，波特写了14篇小说，并开始用欧·亨利作为笔名。）；“In1902,hemovedtoNewYork”（1902年，他搬去了纽约）以及“Hebeganbringingoutcollectionsin1906“TheFourMillion,"”（1906年，他开始推出“四百万”系列）可知，A选项的排序是正确的，故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段“Financially,heledthehand-to-mouthexistenceofmostfull-timewriters,evenverysuccessfulones.”（经济上，他位于大多数收入仅能糊口的全职作家的前列，即便是最成功的作家）以及最后一句“Hewasbegginghiseditorforpaymentinadvancerightuptotheend.”（在生命的最后，他仍然在请求编辑预付稿酬）可知，作者在死前仍过得很拮据，故选B项。【7题详解】标题判断题。由第一段“ThestoryofO.Henry,whoserealnamewasWilliamSidneyPorter,couldalmostbeanO.Henrystory,Hehadasecretandspentmostofhisadultlifetryingtohideit.”（本名WilliamSidneyPorter，欧亨利的故事是只属于他的故事，他有一个他花了大半辈子试图隐藏的秘密），后文揭露了这个秘密，所以整篇文章主要围绕这个秘密来写，故选B项。CMostofusmaynothaverealizedthatmicecanshowanemotionalexpressionatall.ButagroupofGermanneurobiologistshaveprovenmicecan,infact,expressemotions.NadineGogolla,aneurobiologist,andherfellowresearcherscarriedoutanexperimentwithemotivemiceandlinkedfiveemotionalstates--pleasure,disgust,nausea,painandfear--totheirfacialexpressions.Theteamstimulatedmicetoreactincertainwaystoobservehowtheirfaceschanged.Theyfoundthatdifferentstimuli(刺激物)wouldleadtodifferentreactions.Moreinterestingly,noteverymousereactedthesamewayT0thesamestimulus.Theyalsoshowedslightchangesintheirfacialexpressions:Whentheyexperiencedpain,theirnosesdroopedandtheirearsflickeddown.Whentheyfeltfearful,theirearsstuckupandtheireyeswidened.Observationsalonecouldn'tdeterminetheintensityofthoseemotions,though.Sotheneurobiologistsnextbuiltdescriptorsforwhateachfacialexpressionwouldlooklikeandtrainedacomputertodetectthemwithinasecond.Thiseffectively“measured"theemotions.Butemotionsdon'tarisejustinresponsetostimuli,theresearchersnoted-theyoriginateinthebrain.Sotheneurobiologiststookapeekinsidethemice'sheadsusinglighttoactivateneurons(神经元)thattransmitinformationfromtheenvironmentthroughoutthebodytocauseamousetoreact.Theregionsofthebrainassociatedwithemotionsinhumanslitupinmice,too,whenamouse'sfaceshowedpleasure.Inthemicebrains,neuronsreactedwiththesamestrengthatthesametimethemice“madeaface."Thissuggeststhatthereareindividualneuronsthatcouldberesponsibleforanimals'Being,thoughthispointrequiresmoreresearch.Beingabletomeasuretheemotionstateofananimalcanhopefullyhelpustounderstandhowwecaninterferewiththeactivityinparticularbrainregionstoeaseman'ssuffering."Gogollasaid.8.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A.Tofindouthowmanyemotionalstatesmicehave.B.Todeterminetheintensityofmice'semotions.C.Toprovemiceareabletoexpressemotions.D.Tocomparemice'sfacialexpressionswithman's.9.Whichmethodwasadoptedindoingtheexperiment?A.Buildingdescriptorstoexplorethemice'sheads.B.Observingthemice'sreactiontodifferentstimuli.C.Trainingacomputertoimprovetheintensityoftheemotions.D.Comparingthemice'sreactionswiththehumans'tothesamestimuli.10.Accordingtothestudy,whenamouseraisesitsearsandopensitseyeswide,itisprobablyAdisgusted B.pleasedC.scared D.excited11.Inwhataspectneedscientistsdomoreresearch?A.Observingthechangesofmice'sfacialexpression.B.Analyzingthefrequencyofmicemakingaface.C.Activatingneuronstostudythemice'semotionalstates.D.Studyingindividualneuronsresponsibleforanimals'emotion.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述神经生物学家NadineGogolla和她的同事们经过实验发现，老鼠是会有表情变化的。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theteamstimulatedmicetoreactincertainwaystoobservehowtheirfaceschanged.”（这队人用特定的方式刺激老鼠，让它们做出反应，并观察它们的表情是如何变化的。）可知，这个实验的目的是要证明老鼠受刺激时会有表情变化。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theyfoundthatdifferentstimuli(刺激物)wouldleadtodifferentreactions.”（他们发现不同的刺激物会导致不同的反应。）可知，观察老鼠对不同刺激物的反应这个方法在实验中被应用了。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whentheyfeltfearful,theirearsstuckupandtheireyeswidened.”（当它们感到害怕时，它们的耳朵会竖起来，眼睛会睁得很大。）可知，当老鼠们的耳朵竖起来，眼睛睁得很大的时候，说明它们感到害怕。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“Thissuggeststhatthereareindividualneuronsthatcouldberesponsibleforanimals'Being,thoughthispointrequiresmoreresearch.”（这表明有个别的神经元可能会对动物的生存负责，然而，这个观点还需要更多的研究。）可知，个别的神经元可能会对动物的情绪负责这个观点还需要更多的研究。故选D。DHillaryClintonsaid,adecadeago,that"Thesubjugation(压迫)ofwomenisathreattothecommonsecurityofourworld."Societiesthatsubjugatewomenarefarmorelikelytobeviolentandunstable.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthis.Inmanyplacesgirlsareselectivelyaborted(流产).Thishasledtoabnormalsexratios(比例),whichmeanmillionsofyoungmenaredoomedtoremainsingle.Frustratedyoungmenaremorelikelytocommitviolentcrimesorjoinrebelgroups.Societiesbasedonmalebondingtendtosubjugatewomen.Fatherschoosewhomtheirdaughterswillmarry.Oftenthereisabrideprice--thegroom'sfamilypaywhataresometimesconsiderablesumstothebride'sfamily.Thisencouragesfatherstomaketheirdaughtersmarryearly.Bridepricesarecommoninhalftheworld'scountries.Afifthoftheworld'syoungwomenweremarriedbeforetheageof18;atwentiethbefore15.Childbridesaremorelikelytodropoutofschool,lessabletostanduptoabusivehusbandsandlesslikelytoraisehealthy,well-educatedchildren.Peacetalksshouldincludewomen.Between1992and2019,only13%ofnegotiatorsand6%ofsignatoriesofpeacedealswerefemale.Yetpeacetendstolastlongerwhenwomenareatthetable.Thismaybebecausetheyaremorereadytocompromise:orperhapsbecausearoomwithoutwomenimpliesaconflictbetweenthemenwithgunswithoutinputfromnon-combatants(非武装人员).Morebroadly,governmentsshouldmeanitwhentheysaytheywanttoliberatehalfofhumanity.Educategirls,manyofwhomhavequitschooltoworkormarry.Enforcebansonchildmarriage,hardthoughthatisinremotevillages.Equalizeinheritancerights.Teachboysnottohitwomen.Introducepublicpensions,whichweakenthetraditionwherecouplesareexpectedtolivewiththeman'sparents.Butpolicymakerswhofailtoconsidertheinterestsofhalfthepopulationcannothopetounderstandtheworld.12.Whyareyoungmenlikelytocreatesocialunrest?A.Becausetheycan'tfindwivesduetogenderimbalance.B.Becausetheyarefrustratedbyhighbrideprices.C.Becauseinequalityarousesafeelingofrebellioninthem.D.Becausebeingsinglegivesthemfreedomtocommitcrimes.13.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Daughtersareoftenviewedasburdeninsomenations.B.Female'sstatusislowinmalebondingsocietiesC.Themajorityofwomenworldwidegetmarriedbefore18.D.Fathersobeytheirdaughters'wishtomarryearlyandrich.14.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4probablyimply?A.Menshouldnotnegotiatewithwomenandcatertothem.B.Womenshouldnotsubmittomenandcompromisewiththem.C.Menwithgunsshouldbeexcludedinpeacetalks.D.Womenshouldgetinvolvedinpeacenegotiations.15.Whatisthepossiblethemeofthispassage?A.Societiesthatfailwomenoftenfail.B.Governmentsshouldeducatewomen.C.Peaceisnevergainedwithoutwomen.D.Genderdiscriminationhurtspolicymakers.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.A【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章主要围绕女性对一个社会的和平有至关重要的作用进行阐述。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thishasledtoabnormalsexratios(比例),whichmeanmillionsofyoungmenaredoomedtoremainsingle.Frustratedyoungmenaremorelikelytocommitviolentcrimesorjoinrebelgroups.”（这已经导致了不正常的性别比例，这就意味着数百万的年轻男士们注定独身。沮丧的年轻男士们更有可能暴力犯罪或者加入叛军组织。）可知，年轻男士们可能会使社会动荡是因为男女比例不协调而导致他们娶不到妻子而独身。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Societiesbasedonmalebondingtendtosubjugatewomen.”（以男性同盟为基础的社会趋于压迫女性。）可知，第三段主要讲述在男性同盟为基础的社会里，男人的社会地位比女性高。故选B。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“Thismaybebecausetheyaremorereadytocompromise:orperhapsbecausearoomwithoutwomenimpliesaconflictbetweenthemenwithgunswithoutinputfromnon-combatants(非武装人员).”（这也许是因为她们更容易妥协，或者也许是因为没有女性的屋子就暗示着，没有非武装人员的输入，就是有枪男人之间的冲突。）可知，这句话表明，女性的加入会使得社会和平。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Butpolicymakerswhofailtoconsidertheinterestsofhalfthepopulationcannothopetounderstandtheworld.”（但是，那些没有考虑对那一半人口感兴趣的政策制定者们也别希望能理解这个世界。）可知，作者想要表达女性对一个社会的重要性。A选项“那些让女性失望的社会就会失败”和文章意思一致。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imaginethatyouareadetectiveatthesceneofacrime.Whatyoufindisconfusion.Evidencehasbeenmoved,steppedon,broken.Youevensuspectthatsomeonetookcrucialitemsassouvenirs!Thiswouldmakeyourjobmuchmoredifficult,right?____16____Archaeologistsarelikedetectives.Westudycluesleftbypeoplelongagoandlearnalotaboutthem:theirculture,theirenvironment,wheretheycamefrom,andwheretheywent.Anythingmadeormodifiedbypeopleisanartifact(文物).____17____Thesecluesaddtothegreatpuzzleofhistory--ourhistory.Archaeologicalsitesareimportanttoourculturalheritage.Lawsprotectthemagainstdamagebyneglect,vandalism,orlooters(掠夺者).Lawsalsohelptopreservesitesonpublicland.____18____Thisistrueexceptincaseswherehumanbonesarefound.Speciallawsregulatewhatcanbedonewithhumanremains.Whatifyoufindanartifact--maybeanarrowhead,apieceofpottery,oranoldcowboyspur--inyourbackyard?____19____Writedownanythingyounotice.Isitonthesurface,orwasitburied?Arethereotherartifactsnearby?Takepictures.Everydetailcanhelpexplaintheartifactandmaybeevenrevealwholeftitbehind.____20____WhatisthelocalNativeAmericantribe?Wasthereanoldcolonialorwesterntownnearby?WerebattlesfoughtinyourareaintherevolutionortheCivilWar?Thencontactyourstate’shistoricpreservationofficeroranarchaeologistatanearbycollegeoruniversity.Theseexpertscanhelpexplainwhatyoufound.A.Ifpossible,leaveitinplace.B.Alsoinvestigatethehistoryofwhereyoulive.C.Isthegrounddisturbedbyconstructionordigging?D.Assuch,theyarepartofthearchaeologicalrecord.E.Itmightmakeitevenimpossibletosolvethecase.F.Itjustmightbeamissingpieceinhistory’sgrandpuzzle!G.Butprivatelandownershavetherightstotheirownproperty.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.A20.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要是围绕文化保护的话题展开写的。【16题详解】根据上文“Thiswouldmakeyourjobmuchmoredifficult,right?”（这会让你的工作更加的困难，对吗？）可知，这里是说所有的困惑都使得你破解案情变得难了。E选项“这似乎让解决这个案情变得不可能”和上文意思一致，用“evenimpossible”更体现出递进的意思。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Anythingmadeormodifiedbypeopleisanartifact(文物).”（任何人类做出来或者修改的东西都是文物）可知，这里给“文物”确定了一个范围，D选项“正因为如此，它们才成为了历史记载的一部分”和上文意思衔接。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Lawsprotectthemagainstdamagebyneglect,vandalism,orlooters(掠夺者).Lawsalsohelptopreservesitesonpublicland.”（法律保护它们不因为忽视、故意破坏或掠夺者而被破坏。法律还帮助保护公共土地的遗址）可知，这里阐述的是关于考古遗址的问题。G选项“但是，私有农场主有支配他们自己的私有财产的权利”是上文里的一种特殊情况，上下文意思一致。故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Whatifyoufindanartifact--maybeanarrowhead,apieceofpottery,oranoldcowboyspur--inyourbackyard?”（如果你发现文物——也许是一只箭头，一件瓷器或者是一个旧的牛仔的踢马刺——在你的后院，你会怎么办？）可知，这里是在问你碰到这些情况会怎么处理。A选项“如果可能的话，保持原状”和上文承接自然，回答了上文的问题。故选A。【20题详解】根据下文“WhatisthelocalNativeAmericantribe?Wasthereanoldcolonialorwesterntownnearby?WerebattlesfoughtinyourareaintherevolutionortheCivilWar?”（什么是当地美国本土部落？附近有旧的殖民地或者西部城镇吗？你那个地区的战争是发生在革命时期还是内战时期？）可知，这些问题都是在问你所居住的区域的信息，B选项“也调查一下你住的地方的历史。”和下文意思一致。故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenyougetalessthandesirablegift,peopleliketosay,"It'sthethoughtthatcounts."Butwithmymother'sgifts,you'vereallygottowonder,What___21___wasthat,exactly?Still,mymother'spresentsarenevergivenwithmalice(恶意)ormischief;theyarealwayspresentedwithwide-eyed,___22___excitement.“Doyoulikeit?"shealwaysaskswith___23___.Overtheyears,herChristmaspresentshavegeneratedamusement,confusion,andsometimeseven___24___.Severalyearsago,mymotherspentdays___25___handmadeclaysculpturesformybrother,mysister,andme:lovinglycrafted,strangeinterpretationsofourheads."Keepitonyour___26___counter.”Itooktheheadhomeandplaceditinmybathroomasinstructed.Isoondiscoveredthatfewthings___27___atwo-year-oldchildmorethanasmall,oddversionofhismother'sclayhead___28___himwhilehepoops.Mysonusedthedownstairsbathroommoreandmoreinstead,andheeven___29___totakeabathiftheheadwasintheroom.Weboth___30___itspresenceuntiloneday,asIwasdoingdishes,Iheardaseriesofbumps,followedbyalargecrash.Iwalkedovertothestairs,andthere,atthebottom,wasthe___31___,brokenintoadozenpieces,Atthetopofthestairsstoodmyson,triumphant(洋洋得意的).Still,theclueless,endless,andenthusiasticloveshowninmymother's___32___presentsisthesamelovewithwhichsheraisedmeandmybrothersandsisters.Shehasalwayslovedusforourboring,reservedpersonalities___33___,andwe--withalloureyerollsandsighsaroundtheChristmastree--loveherunconditionallyaswell.Maybethereisno___34___gifttogivechildrenthantheknowledgethattheycanbeweirdorawkwardandstillfeel___35___justthewaytheyare.21.A.gift B.thought C.surprise D.story22.A.innocent B.confusing C.artificial D.awkward23.A.curiosity B.sympathy C.doubt D.expectation24.A.tragedies B.pleasures C.pities D.horrors25.A.lookingfor B.workingon C.thinkingof D.holdingup26.A.kitchen B.study C.bedroom D.bathroom27.A.fascinate B.attract C.frighten D.puzzle28.A.aimingat B.staringat C.screamingat D.noddingat29.A.preferred B.refused C.regretted D.agreed30.A.imagined B.ignored C.tolerated D.appreciated31.A.counter B.tree C.head D.dish32.A.strange B.precious C.ordinary D.decent33.A.madly B.secretly C.desperately D.unconditionally34.A.cheaper B.worse C.better D.purer35.A.loved B.cheated C.betrayed D.trusted【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.D25.B26.D27.C28.B29.B30.C31.C32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了母亲总是送我们一些奇怪的礼物，她曾经送过一个奇怪的泥塑礼物，让我两岁的儿子每次上厕所都感到害怕，后来这个礼物被我的儿子打碎，我才意识到，无论礼物怎样，让收到礼物的人感觉被爱才是重要的。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：但是有了我母亲的礼物，你真的想知道，那到底是什么想法？A.gift礼物；B.thought想法；C.surprise惊奇；D.story故事。根据上文“It'sthethoughtthatcounts.”可知，礼物本身不重要，重要的是送礼物的想法。但是对于我母亲的礼物，我们从来不知道送那个礼物是什么样的想法。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，我母亲的礼物从来没有恶意或恶作剧；他们总是睁大眼睛，天真而兴奋。A.innocent天真；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.artificial人造的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据上文“arealwayspresentedwithwide-eyed”可知，她的礼物从来都没有恶意或恶作剧，都有着大大的眼睛，很天真。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：“你喜欢吗？”她总是满怀期待地问。A.curiosity好奇；B.sympathy同情；C.doubt怀疑；D.expectation期望。根据上文“Doyoulikeit?”可知，母亲送完礼物，会很期待地问我们，喜不喜欢她送的礼物。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：多年来，她的圣诞礼物能让我们感到快乐、困惑，有时甚至是恐怖。A.tragedies悲剧；B.pleasures快乐；C.pities怜悯；D.horrors恐怖。根据空前的even以及下文中母亲送的礼物引起了孩子的恐惧可知，她的圣诞礼物会让我们感到快乐、困惑甚至恐惧。故填D。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：几年前，我母亲花了几天时间为我哥哥、姐姐和我手工制作泥塑。A.lookingfor寻找；B.workingon从事；C.thinkingof思考；D.holdingup坚持。根据下文“handmadeclaysculpturesformybrother,mysister,andme”可知，我母亲花了几天时间给我的哥哥、姐姐和我做手工泥塑，workon“从事……，干活”。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：把它放在浴室的柜台上。A.kitchen厨房；B.study书房；C.bedroom卧室；D.bathroom浴室。根据下文“Itooktheheadhomeandplaceditinmybathroomasinstructed”可知，母亲让我把泥塑的头部放到浴室里。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我很快就发现，没有什么比一个两岁的孩子如厕时，母亲做的这个小而奇怪的泥头盯着他更让他害怕了。A.fascinate迷住；B.attract吸引；C.frighten使害怕；D.puzzle迷惑。根据下文“Mysonusedthedownstairsbathroommoreandmoreinstead”可知，这个奇怪的头部泥塑让我们两岁的儿子感到害怕。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很快就发现，没有什么比一个两岁的孩子如厕时，母亲做的这个小而奇怪的泥头盯着他更让他害怕了。A.aimingat目标；B.staringat盯着；C.screamingat尖叫；D.noddingat点头。根据语境可知，母亲让我把泥塑的头部放到浴室的洗手台上，所以当孩子们上厕所时，这个泥塑会看着她们。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我的儿子越来越多地使用楼下的浴室，如果头部在房间里，他甚至拒绝洗澡。A.preferred更喜欢；B.refused拒绝；C.regretted后悔；D.agreed同意。根据上文“Mysonusedthedownstairsbathroommoreandmoreinstead”可知，我儿子使用楼上的浴室次数越来越少，甚至拒绝使用。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们都容忍它的存在，直到有一天，当我在洗碗时，我听到一连串的撞击声，接着是一声巨响。A.imagined想象；B.ignored忽视；C.tolerated容忍；D.appreciated欣赏。根据下文“untiloneday,asIwasdoingdishes,Iheardaseriesofbumps,followedbyalargecrash”可知，我们一直容忍这个泥塑的存在，直到有一天我儿子把它打碎了。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我走下楼梯，在楼梯的底部，是那个头部泥塑，被打碎成十几块。A.counter柜台；B.tree树；C.head头；D.dish菜肴。根据下文“Atthetopofthestairsstoodmyson,triumphant(洋洋得意的).”可知我儿子并不喜欢那个头部的泥塑，所以把它打碎了。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，在母亲给我的那些奇怪的礼物中所表现出来的那种无知的、无尽的、充满热情的爱，正是她带大我和我的兄弟姐妹们的那种爱。A.strange奇怪的；B.precious珍贵的；C.ordinary普通的；D.decent得体的。根据第四段第二句话中“oddversionofhismother'sclayhead”可知，母亲送给我们的礼物很奇怪，但是这不影响她对我们的爱。故选A。【33题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：她一直无条件地爱着我们无趣、含蓄的个性，而我们——在圣诞树旁翻白眼、叹气——也无条件地爱着她。A.madly发狂地；B.secretly秘密的；C.desperately拼命地；D.unconditionally无条件地。根据下文“loveherunconditionallyaswell”可知，母亲无条件地爱我们，我们也无条件地爱她。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：也许最好的礼物莫过于让孩子们知道，他们可以表现得很古怪或笨拙，但仍然能感受到爱。A.cheaper便宜的；B.worse更糟的；C.better更好；D.purer纯净的。根据下文“theknowledgethattheycanbeweirdorawkwardandstillfeel___15___justthewaytheyare.”可知，没有什么比让我们感觉到被爱的礼物更好的了。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：也许最好的礼物莫过于让孩子们知道，他们可以表现得很古怪或笨拙，但仍然能感受到爱。A.loved被爱的；B.cheated被骗的；C.betrayed背叛；D.trusted相信。根据语境可知，虽然我们可能变得怪异或笨拙，但是我们依然会被别人爱着。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。SimaQian,oneofthegreatesthistoriansinChinesehistory,wasbornineither145or135BC.___36___(influence)byhisfather,whowasalsoahistorian,SimaQiantookaninterest___37___historywhenhewasachild.HelearnedChineseclassicsfromgreatliterarymasters,andattheageof20,hebegantravellingextensivelyacrossthecountry.Heinterviewedthelocalpeopletoget___38___widerangeofinformation.Learningandtravellingwereexactly___39___helpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.Hisfather'sdreamwasthatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.Afterhisfatherdied,SimaQian___40___(succeed)hisfatherasGrandHistorian,whichfacilitatedhisaccessto,___41___(office)booksandfiles.However,hisworkproveddifficult,because___42___(sort)outalltheavailableresourcesandcheckingfactsofhistoricalmaterialsrequiredpainstakingefforts,Hischiefconcernwaswhetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyand___43___(efficient).Ashecarriedonwithhiswork,somethingawfulhappenedtoSimaQian.Hewasputinprison,___44___hesufferedalotofpainphysicallyandmentally,___45___,hewasnotdefeated.Heneverforgotabouthisfather'sdream,ingoodtimesorbadtimes.Aftermorethan10yearsofhardwork,theShiji(RecordsoftheGrandHistorian),hismasterpiece,wascompleted.【答案】3