大学英语六级（阅读）模拟试卷1（共245题）

大学英语六级（阅读）模拟试卷1（共9

套）

（共245题）

大学英语六级（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、快速阅读理解（本题共30题，每题1.0分，共30

分。）

HowCanWePreventMedicalErrorsFormorethan20years,triallawyerRick

Boothmandefendeddoctorsandhospitalsinmalpractice（治疗不当）lawsuits.Thejob

taughthimplentyaboutthedisconnectbetweenthedefensivebehaviorpracticedbythe

medicalestablishmentandthehumanetreatmentpatientswant.SowhentheUniversity

ofMichiganHealthSystemneededanewin-houseattemeyin2001,Boothmanmadean

offer:hiremeandrevolutionizeyourapproach.Wellbeupfrontwithpatientswhen

medicalerrorshappen,andwe'llpayquicklywhenacasewaiTantsit,ratherthan

draggingeverybodyintocourt.''It'sthedecentthingtodo,nsaysBoothman.Anewstudy

publishedinAugustfoundthatsinceMichiganadoptedBoothman'sprogramof

disclosureandcompensation,lawsuitshavedeclinedandlegal-defensecostshave

droppedby61percent.There'snoproofthatacknowledgingmistakesleddirectlyto

savings,butitdidn'tcauseamalpracticefrenzyeither.

Boothman'sapproachis

partofanexpandingpushnationwidetotackleoneofmedicine'smostcomplicatedand

painfulblights（摧残）.In1999theInstituteofMedicine'sreportfoundthatasmanyas

98,000Americansdieeveryyearfrompreventablemedicalerrors—anumbermany

expertsnowbelieveisconservative.Sincethen,incorrectdiagnoses,needlessinfections,

drugmix-ups,andsurgicalaccidentshavepiledupasdoctorsfaceanonslaught（猛攻）of

patients,anabundanceofimperfectinformation,andanill-servedtraditionofshaming

andblamingindividualpractitionerswhenthingsgowrong."Healthcare,"saysDr.

LucianLcapc,apioneerinpatientsafetyandchairoftheLucianLcapcInstituteatthe

NationalPatientSafetyFoundationinBoston,"remainsfundamentallyunsafe."The

debateoverhealth-carereformspotlightedmajorweaknessesintheU.S.medicalsystem,

includingerrors.Evenbeforethelaw'spassage,theCentersforMedicareandMedicaid

Services—nowheadedbyDr.DonaldBerwick—announceditwouldnolonger

reimburse（补偿）hospitalsforthecostofpreventablecomplications,suchaswrong-type

bloodtransfusions.Twenty-eightstatesnowrequirehospitalstoreportinfectionratesto

thepublic.Andthereformlawmandatesthathospitalswithhighinfectionrateswillsee

theirMedicarepaymentsreducedby1percentstartingin2015.Whatisclearisthatihe

cultureofmedicinemustchange.BooksrecentlypublishedbyHarvard'sDr.Atul

Gawande（TheChecklistManifesto）andJohnsHopkins'sDr.PeterPronovost（Safe

Patients,SmartHospitalsjarecallingondoctorsandhospitalstoinstitutechecklists

modeledontheaviationindustrytoimprovesafety.Patientsareexposingharmful

experiencesandmobilizingontheInternet.Somedoctorsarehumanizingtheproblemby

talkingpubliclyaboutmistakestheycommitted,defyingthepervasivefearoflawsuits

andprofessionalshame.Andhospitalsarecreatingeducationalprogramsfbrstaff.

Harvard'sInstituteforProfessionalismandEthicalPracticedevelopedaninteractive

workshopfocusedonthedifficultconversationsthatariseaftermistakesoccur;morethan

500doctors,nurses,andotherspecialistshavebeentrainedsofar,andtheprogramis

nowbeingofferedtootherhealthsystemsnationwide.'Everybodyisinterestedin

learninghowtodpbetter,"saysDr.RobertTruog,theinstitute'sexecutivedirector.

"We'restillverymuchonthesteeppartofthelearningcurve."Undoingacultureishard,

especiallyonesteepedinhierarchy（等级制度）,wheredoctorstendtoreignsupremeand

nurses,pharmacists,andtechniciansfallintotheranksbelow."Whatunderliesitis

arrogance,nsaysPronovost,ananesthesiologist（麻醉学家）anddirectorofHopkinsrs

QualityandSafetyResearchGroup.Inhisbookhedescribesarun-inwithasurgeonwho

refusedtoswitchfromlatex（胶乳）tonon-latexglovesduringanoperation,despite

Pronovost'sconcernthatthepatientwashavingapotentiallyfatallatex-allergyreaction.

Itwasonlyafteranursepickedupthephonetocallthehospitalpresidentthatthe

surgeonrelented（变温和）.Thisisnotarareevent.Evenwhentherearecleardirections

forsafety,doctorstendtocontinuecompletingtasksinthewaythey'reusedto.Takethe

insertionofcentral-linecalhelers（中央线导管），whichdelivermedicationstosick

patients.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventiondevelopedguidelinesfor

preventinginfectionstriggeredbytheprocedure,butobedienceisspotty.Everyyear

some80,000patientsdevelopcentral-lineinfectionsandabout30,000die,atacostof

morethan$2billion."Fordecades,harmhasbeenviewedasinevitableratherthan

preventable,"saysPronovost."We'velearnedtotolerateit."In2001Pronovostcreateda

five-pointcentral-linechecklist—boileddownfromtheCDC'slengthyguidelines

whichincludeswashinghandsandremovingcatheterswhenthey'renolongerneeded.

OneyearafteritwasinstitutedatHopkins,infectionrateshaddroppedtoalmostzero.A

networkofMichiganhospitalsthatadoptedthechecklistslashedinfectionsbytwothirds,

savingmorethan1.500livesand$200millioninthefirst18months.Still,asurvey

releasedthissummerbytheAssociationforProfessionalsinInfectionControland

Epidemiologysaysthebattletoreducecentral-lineinfectionscontinuesbecausehospitals

aren'tdedicatingthetimeandeducationalresourcesncccssa-ry,andhcalth-carcleaders

aren'tcommittedtosolvingtheproblem.WhenPronovostasksnursesifthey'dspeakup

ifaseniorphysicianisn'tcomplyingwiththechecklist,MIamuniformlylaughedat,"he

says,''Theysay,'Areyounuts?'"AfterhebecameCEOofVirginiaMasonMedical

CenterinSeattle,Dr.GaryKaplanmandatedasimplebutcriticalreformtomakehis

hospitalapatient-driven,notphysician-driven,institution.Basedontechniqueslearnedat

Toyota'sproduction-systemplantsinJapan,wherefactoryworkerspullacordtostopa

production-lineerror,Kaplanandhisteaminstituteda'patientsafetyalert"system.All

staffmembers,evenmedicalstudents,areinstructedtoreportconcerns,whetherthey're

majormistakesornearmisses.Themostseriouserrorsmustbedeemed"mistake-

proofed"一stepshavebeentakentopreventthemaltogether—notjustbymedical

professionals,butbypublicboardmembers,too.Today,errorsareconsideredaflawin

thesystem,notanindividualweakness.Thesearelessonsthatdoctorsmustlearnfrom

thestart.Butmedicalschoolcurriculaarejammedfullwiththedetailsofscienceandthe

latesttechnology;thecultivationofsocialandemotionalsensitivityandteamworkis

lacking.That'sdeemedtobe"thesoftstuff,"saysDeniseMurphy,vicepresidentfor

qualityandpatientsafetyatMainLineHealthSysteminsuburbanPhiladelphia.Andyet,

shesays,abreakdownincoimnunicationandcollaborationcanleadtohorribleevents

thatresultinhannordeath."Wehavetochangeouithinking,"shesays.Earlierthis

year,Leapepublishedareportsayingmedicalschoolsarefailingtoteachfuture

physiciansthemosturgentlessonsaboutwhymistakeshappenandhowtopreventthem.

Thereportcallsonschoolstoteachpatientsafetyasabasicscience,totrainstudentsto

workinteamswithnursesandpharmacists,andtohave"zerotolerance"fbrdisrespectful

orabusivebehavior,whichcanleadtomistakes."Onthesurface,thisseemspretty

obvious,andyetthisisaradicalidea,"saysLeape."It'sabigculturalchange."Itcanbe

done.Fiveyearsago,Dr.DavidMayer,ananesthesiologistandassociatedeanfor

educationattheUniversityofIllinoisCollegeofMedicine,launchedanannual

roundtablemeetingwithsafetyleaders,policymakers,andpatientstobrainstormbetter

training.Studentsmustnowtakeworkshopsonriskreductionandsimulatetasksina

hospitallikesettingsothattheycancraftboththeirtechnicalskillsandtheirinteraction

withteammembers.AcultureofopennessmakessensetoMengyaoLiang,afourth-year

student."It'snotasignofweaknesstosay'Imadeamistake,'"hesays,"Ithinkour

generationwillsay,'Whyareyounotquestioningme?'Ithinkthat'sgoingtobeahuge

change."Onethatcan'tcomesoonenough.

1、Whatshouldhospitalsdoifmedicalerrorshappen,accordingtoBoothman?

A、Hirealawyertodefendthemincourt.

B、Paythepatientsasmuchastheydemand.

C^Revolutionizetheirapproach.

D、Beopenandhonestandcompensatethepatients.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第五、六句说医疗事故发生时我们将与患者面对面交流，当案件要求

我们赔付时，我们将迅速支付，而不是让每一个人都进法院。Boothman认为这是

应该做的事。|D］项是原文的同义转述。［A］项请律师上法庭辩护与原文中的ralher

thandraggingeverybodyintocourt意义相反。原文只是提到了应该合理赔偿病人，

并没有说要按照病人要求的数额赔偿，故［B］项错误。［C］项是Boothman申请职位

时对该大学提出的建议。

2、Whatpunishmentwil.hospitalswithhighinfectionratesreceivebythereformlaw?

A^Theywon'tbereimbursedfbrthecostofpreventablecomplications.

TheywillgetlessMedicarepaymentsfrom2015.

C^Theywillbefinedforquitealotofmoney.

D^Theywillberequiredtoreportinfectionratestothepublic.

标准答案:B

知识点解析：最后一句说改革法案规定高传染率的医院的医疗保险额从2015年起

将下降1%。即为医院得到的惩罚，容易得出［B］为正确答案。

3、WhatdoesDr.RobertTruogmeanbysaying"onthesteeppartofthelearning

curve1,?

A^Therewillbemoreandmorepeoplejoiningtheinteractiveworkshop.

B>Thenumberofpeoplehavingbeentrainedreachesthehighestpoint.

C>Thenumberofpeoplecomingtotheworkshopbeginstodecline.

D、Mostofpeoplestilldon'tliketobetrainedintheinteractiveWorkshop.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从最后一句Dr.RobertTruog的话得知，大家都有兴趣学习如何做得

更好，我们仍处于学习曲线的陡峭部分。他是研究所的执行董事，所要表达的是他

对研究所的前景抱有很大希望，会有更多的人来到互动研讨会，只有［A］选项表达

出了这个意思。

4、Thedoctorwhotooklatexglovesduringtheoperationwastowardsthepatient.

A^concerned

B、neglected

C、sympathetic

D、resentful

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本段后半部分叙述了Pronovosl与一个医生的争执，这位医生不顾病

人可能受到感染，拒绝将胶乳手套换成非胶乳手套进行手术。由此可以看出这位医

生忽视病人的人身安全，故［B］项正确。

5、Manypatientsdiefromcentral-lineinfectionseveryyearbecause.

A^therearenocleardirectionsforpreventingsuchinfections

B、thiskindofharmtopatientsisinevitable

C、theskilloftheinsertionofcentral-linecathetersisimmature

D^doctorsdon'tdotheirtasksaswhattheguidelinesrequire

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：第二句说即使有明确的安全说明，医生们也倾向于继续按照自己常用

的方式完成任务。接着以插入为患者输药的中央线导管为例进行了说明。由此可以

看出每年很多病人死于中央线感染的原因是医生们不遵守操作规定，故［D］项正

确。

6、Whydoesthebattletoreducecentral-lineinfectionscontinueaccordingtothesurvey

bytheAssociationforProfessionalsinInfectionControlandEpidemiology?

A、Becausethefive-pointcentral-linechecklistdoesn'tworkverywell.

Becausehospitalshavenotimeandnoeducationalresourcesforthechecklist.

C、Becausehospitalsandhcalth-carcleadersdon'twanttomakemucheffort.

D、Becausethenursesdoivtsuperviseseniorphysicians.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：倒数第二句说减少中央线导管感染的斗争仍要继续，因为医院并没有

投入必要的精力和教育资源，并且医疗保健方面的领导并没有下决心解决这一问

题。由此可以总结出原因是医院和领导们不想付诸努力。故［C］项正确。

7、Inapatient-drivenhospital,.

A、staffmemberspullacordtostopanerror

B、seriouserrorsmustnothappen

C、errorsarcconsideredanindividualweakness

D、errorsareviewedasaflawinthesystem

标准答案：D

知识点解析：第二句说Kaplan和他的团队设立了一个“患者安全警报”系统，这个

系统的技术来源于日本丰田汽车生产厂，那里的工人拉一条线来阻止生产线的错

误。下文阐述了在这个医院中如何运作这个系统。可以看出错误被看做系统中的漏

洞，而不是个人的弱点。故［D］项正确，［C］项错误,原文说的是丰田的工人们会拉

一条线来停止错误，不是说医院的员工们会那么做，故［A］项错误。原文说serious

errorsmustbedeemed'mistake-proofed"，严重错误只是必须被认为是不可发生的，

但不能保证一定不会发生，故［B］项错误。

8、Pronovostbythenurseswithoutexceptionswhenheasksthemwhetherthey

wouldpointoutaseniorphysician'simproperoperation.

标准答案：islaughedat

知识点解析：最后一句说Pronovost问及当一位资深医师的操作不符合清单时，护

士们会不会指出来，他无一例外地遭到护士们的嘲笑。improperoperalion为not

complyingwithihechecklist的同义转述,对比原文内容,可知应填islaughedato

9、AccordingtoDenise,ifthereisaproblemin,patientsmaybeharmed

innocently.

标准答案：communicationandcollaboration

知识点解析：倒数第二句DeniseMurphy说，沟通和协作上出现问题可能会导致可

怕的事故，造成伤害或者死亡。palientsmaybeharmedinnocently是harmordeath

的同义转述,对比原文内容，可知应填communicationandcollaborationo

10、Thanksto,accordingtoMengyaoLiang,peoplenolongerfeelembarrassed

aboutthemistakes.

标准答案：thecultureofopenness

知识点解析•：最后两句说MengyaoLiang认为开放性的文化很有道理，说“我错了”

不是示弱的表现。他说，“我们这一代会说‘你为什么没怀疑我?'，这将是一次巨大

转变。”可以判断出是这种开放性文化导致改变，使人们承认错误不再感到尴尬，

故空中应填thecultureofopenness。

MultilingualismontheInternetInrecentyears,Americanculturehasincreasedits

worldwideinfluencethroughinternationaltradeandHollywoodproductions.Asthe

Internetreachesintoevermoreremotecornersoftheglobe,anobviousquestionarises:

Willitamplifythistrend,sothatEnglishisusedeverywhere?Orwilladiversityof

languagesenrichtheonlineuniverse?Someobserverspredictthatlocallanguageswill

Multilingualism

inthe

English-speaking

World

notsurviveonline:Englishwillrule.Sucha

sweepingdominancewillhavedrawbacks.MostpeopleuseEnglishasasecond

language,andtheirgraspofitmaybequiteelementary—sufficientonlyfor

understandingbasicinformationsuchastheweatherreport,andsometimesnoteventhat.

Formorein-depthdiscussions,almosteveryonetendstofallbackonhisorhernative

language.IftheInternetdoesnotallowmultilingualconversations,itsroleasafacilitator

ofinternationalcommunicationwillbeseverelylimited.Mistakesandmis­

understandingswillbecomerampant,andmanyuserswillbecutbutofthetremendous

opportunitiesthatinternationalcommunicationhastooffer.Severalforceswillaffectthe

diversityoflanguagesmostlikelytobefoundonthenetworkinthefuture.Atpresent,

about60percentoftheInternet'shostcomputersarelocatedintheU.S.Almostinevery

corneroftheglobe,theworld'sconnectionstotheInternetareverypopular.Furthermore

computerseverywherearebecomingincreasinglylinked.Asthecostofinstalling

communicationsnetworkscontinuestofall,thedistributionofInternetuserswillcometo

resemblethatofcomputers.Withitslowcostandtheoreticallyeasy-to-usetechnology,

theInternetallowssomewriters一particularlythoseusingLatinalphabetstopublishor

exchangemessagesintheirowntongue.Somepromotersofnativelanguageshave

alreadyusedthemediumtotheiradvantage.Forinstance,roughly30percentofall

WorldWideWebpagespublishedinFrenchcomefromQuebec,eventhoughFrench

Canadiansrepresentonly5percentofallFrenchspeakers.Buttheworldwidereachof

theInternetalsofavorsalanguagethatcanbe,atleastsuperficially,understoodbythe

largestnumberofpeople.Asaresult,IbelievetheInternetwillsupportmanylanguages

forlocalcommunicationsandEnglishforlimitedinternationaldiscourse.Ofcourse,the

technicaldifficultiesofcommunicatinginthemajorityoftheworld'slanguagesarenot

trifling.HardwareandsoftwarewerefirstdesignedtoprocessEnglishtext.But

difficultieslingerevenwithstandardLatincharacters.IntheearlydaysoftheArpanet

thepredecessoroftheInternet—onlyelectronic-mailmessagescodedwithseven-bit

ASCIItextcouldbesent.(Inthiscode,eachof128charactersisspecifiedbyastringof

sevenbinarydigits.)NowadaystheExtendedSimpleMailTransportProtocolpermitsthe

processingoftheeightbitsrequiredforcommunicatinginISO-Latin,prescribedbythe

InternationalOrganizationforStandardization.ISO-Latinallowsfor256characters,so

thatthediacriticalsigns(suchasacuteandgraveaccentmarks)ofallwesternEuropean

languagescanbedisplayed.Butbecausemanyinterlinkedcomputersonthenetwork

haveoutdatedsoftware,theeighthbitsometimesgetsdropped,renderingthemessage

almostincomprehensible.Outof12,000userswhoreceivedthedailyFrenchnewsthatI

sentoutatatimeviatheInternet,8,500askedtoreceiveaversioncodedinseven-bil

ASCIIratherthanthecrippledISO-Latinversion.Althoughsomerecentprogramscan

expresstheiroutputinmanydifferentscripts,mostareessentiallybilingual:thesoftware

candealwithonlyonelocallanguage,suchasJapanese,andEnglish.Onecouldargue

thatthetechnicalobstaclestodisplayingotheralphabetsaretemporary.Unicode(ISO

10646),acodingschemefbrcharactersofmostoftheworld'sscripts,isbeing

progressivelyimplemented.Thecodeallowsausertoreceivealmostany

language(althoughitmaynotalwaysbeproperlydisplayed).Wenonethelesshavealong

waytogobeforewegettoatrulymultilingualInternet,inwhichanauthorcanincludea

GreekquotationinaRussiantextthatwillbeproperlydisplayedonthereader'scomputer

inSouthAmerica.Softwarestandardswiththiskindofcapabilityareemerging.Butthe

primarysoftwareproducers,intheirracetodominatethemarket,keepproducingnew

versions,givinglittlechancetotheusuallysmallenterprisesthatdevelopmultilingual

productstokeepup.Inreallife,inteipretershelptoovercomelanguagebarriers.Human

translatorscanalsobeemployedontheInternet,butgiventhevolumeandvarietyof

exchanges,theywillplayalimitedrole.Onlymachine-aidedtranslationcanbringus

closertoaworld,perhapsautopia,wherealltheattendeesatavirtualconferenceofthe

UnitedNationscaneachusehisorhernativelanguage,whichwillbesimultaneously

translatedintoallotherlanguages.Researchonmachine-aidedtranslationhasbeen

pursuedoverthepast5()yearswithsomewhatmixedresults.Thesystemsactuallyinuse

aresmallinnumberandlocatedmostlyinJapan,CanadaandEurope—thelastofwhich

facesthelargestmultilingualtranslationload.Electronicinterpretersareusuallyjust

bilingualandneedtobeheavilyspecializediftheyaretoproducerawtranslationsgood

enoughtoberevisablebyhumaneditors.Thefirstsystemavailableforgeneralpublicuse

wasSystran,whichcouldtranslate14pairsoflanguagesandwasaccessibleasearlyas

1983ontheFrenchMinitelnetwork.UsedbytheEuropeanCommission,Systrannow

convertshundredsofthousandsofpagesayear.AnothersuccessstoryistheMctco

system,whichtranslatesCanadianmeteorologicalbulletinsbetweenEnglishandFrench.

Ithandles80,000words(about400bulletins)everyday,withonlythreetofivehuman

editingoperationsforevery100words.Multilingualtranslationwillbenefitfromatwo-

stepprocessnowbeingdevelopedbyseveralgroups.Thetextisfirstthoroughlyanalyzed

intocomponentparts(title,paragraphandsentence),clarifiedwhenpossiblebyadialogue

withtheauthor,thentranslatedintoanintermediate,abstractrepresentation-whichis

usedtogeneratetranslationsindifferentlanguages.Theeffortisworththeexpensewhen

thetextneedstobetranslatedintomorethan10languages.TheUnitedNations

UniversityinTokyohasrecentlyannounceda10-yearcollaborativeprojectfor

implementingthistwo-stagescheme.ButatrulymultilingualInternetwillcometopass

onlywithconcertedinternationaleffort.Willwegiveitenoughpriority?Theansweris

notclear.ItissoeasytoletourselvesdrifttowardEnglishasauniquecommonlanguage.

11Accordingtothepassage,astheInternetexertitsinfluenceglobally,itispossible

that.

A、Americanculturewillbedominant

B、locallanguageswilldieout

C>avarietyoflanguageswillenrichthenetworkworld

D、Internetwillbethemainplatformoftrade

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第二句指出：随着互联网到达地球更遥远的角落，将会出现明显的问

题：互联网会不会扩大这一趋势（美国文化逐渐扩大其影响力），以致英语的使用无

处不在?多样化的语言能否丰富网络世界?［C］项所述是两种可能性之一，故为答

案。

12、Accordingtothepassage,theIntemefsroleasapromoterofinternational

communicationwillbelimiteddueto.

A^English'sdominanceonline

B>people'spoorunderstanding

C、adiversityoflanguage

D、thewidespreadofmistakes

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段承接第一段，说明网络中英语占绝对优势的缺点。文中说如果互

联网不支持多种语言的交谈，那么作为国际交流的推动者，互联网的作用将大大受

限。解答本题的关键是理解本段开头的suchasweepingdominance是指英语在网络

上占主导地位，故［A］正确。promoter是对文中的facilitator的同义转述。

13、WlialwillhaslcnlliusimilarilyufdislribulioiibetweenIiilvniulusersand

computers?

A、Developmentofthecomputertechnology.

B、Reductionofthecostofinstallingcommunicationsnetworks.

C、Ever-increasingcomputerslinkedeverywhere.

D、Thelocationofmostcomputersintheworld.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：最后一句由出随着安装网络的费用越来越低，互联网用户的分布将与

计算机的分布相似。由前一句可知计算机分布越来越广，故网络用户相应地增加，

相似性是计算机和互联网用户分布都很广，这种相似性得以强化是因为低廉的费用

的推动，故［B］正确。［CJ.［D］是影响到将来网络上极可能出现的语言多样性的因

素，［A］属于过度推断，文中并没有相关信息。

14、ThementionofthesourceofwebpagespublishedinFrenchistoshow.

A、QuebecisaprovinceofCanada

B>theInternetisverypopularwithCanadians

C、somepromotersofnativelanguageshavetakengoodadvantageofInternet

D^InternetisconvenientforwritersusingLatinalphabets

标准答案：c

知识点3析：第二句指出一些本族语言的提倡者己经通过网络这个媒介为自己提供

了便利。接着举例指出全球以法语发布的网页中有30%来自魁北克省，尽管讲法

语的加拿大人只占所有法语人n的5%,故可看出举这个例子是为了说明这些人很

好地利用了网络这一媒介。

15、Without,themessageonthenetworkofoutdatedsoftwarewillalmostbe

incomprehensible.

A、theseven-bitASCHtext

B、ISO-Latin

C、theeighthbitofISO-Latin

D、theseventhbitofseven-bitASCIItext

标准答案：C

知识点解析：倒数第二句说第八位编码被漏掉时，处理的信息几乎很难理解，这里

的第八位编码是指ISO-Latin中的第八位编码，故［C］正确。

16、Howmanylocallanguagescanmostcomputerprogramsdealwithwhileexpressing

theiroutput?

A、One.

B、Two.

C、Three.

D、Four.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本段开头指出虽然一些新的程序能用很多不同的脚本显示输出，但大

多数基本上还是双语的，软件只能处理一种本地语言，故［A］正确。

17、WhatdoweknowaboutUnicode(ISO10646)fromthepassage?

A、Itisakindoflocalcodingschemeforcharacters.

B、Itcaneliminatethedisplayingobstacleaccurately.

C^Itenablesausertoreceivealmostanylanguage.

D、Ithasalreadybeenwidelyused.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文中说Unicode(ISO10646)是一种用作世界大多数字符的文本的编码

模式，正逐渐被使用，文中又说此代码允许用户接收几乎所有的语言，故［C］项是

对其特征的正确描述。

18、Theprimarysoftwareproducerskeepproducingmultilingualproductsinorder

to.

标准答案：dominatethemarket

知识点解析：最后一句提到，在占领市场的角逐中，主要的软件生产商不停推出新

的多语产品。可直接从原文提取答案。

19、Thetranslationsofelectronicinterpreterscouldbesatisfyingonlywhenthey

are.

标准答案：heavilyspecialized

知识点解析：题干中的satisfying对应的是原文中的goodenoughtoberevisableby

humaneditor,故机器翻译要令人满意，就必须高度专业化(heavUyspecializcd)<.

20、Inthesecondstepofthetwo-stepprocess,thetextistranslatedinto.

标准答案：anintermediate,abstractrepresentation

知识点解析：处理过程的第二步即原文中first…，ihcn后的内容。

TheOscarEveryspring,themovieindustrygearsupforitsbiggestcelebration:the

AcademyAwards,morecommonlyknownastheOscars.Thereisextensivepress

coverageoftheevent,evendowntothearrivalofthestars;flashbulbsandmicrophones

aboundasthenomineesandotherfamous,well-dressedguestsmaketheirwaydownthe

"redcarpet",flankedbycheeringonlookers.

Loub

-TheOscarsaremost

powerfulandglamorousnotjustforHollywood'ssake,though—millionsofpeopletune

ineveryyeartorootfortheirfavoritemoviesandactors,checkouttheincredible

clothingondisplay,ormaybejustcatchanyembarrassingpodiummisadventureasthey

happen.TheAcademySomanyOscarwinnersgush,"Iwouldliketothanktheacademy"

thatit'sbecomeacliche.ButwhatistheAcademy,anyway?Andwhyshoulditbe

thanked?TheAcademy,inthiscase,istheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsand

Sciences,aprofessionalhonorarysocietyformedin1927.Inspirit,theAcademyis

somethinglikethePhiBetaKappaSocietyorNationalHonorSociety.It'san

organizationdedicatedtopromotingexcellenceinaparticularfield(filminaking).Just

likesimilarorganizations,ithasmanymembersconnectedtothatfield(morethan6,000

filmmakingprofessionals).YoumustbeinvitedbytheAcademytobecomeamember.

DifferentbranchesoftheAcademy(focusingondifferentaspectsofthefilmmaking

world)havetheirownstandardsofeligibilityforpotentialmembers.TheAcademyis

involvedinalotofdifferentprojects——fromfilmpreservationtodevelopingnewfilm

technology—butit'sbestknownforitsyearlyawardsceremony.Thepurposeofthe

AcademyAwardsistopromoteexcellenceinfilmmakingbyhonoringextraordinary

achievementsfromthepreviousyear.Membersoftheacademy,includingactors,

producers,directorsandavarietyofotherfilmcraftsmen,choosewhowillreceivethe

awardsthatyearbycastingballots.Sowhenawinnerthankstheacademy,heorsheis

reallythankingalltheirprofessionalpeerswhocollectivelydecidedtoconferthehonor.

They'realsothankingtheorganizationasawhole,whichdecidedtohandoutawardsin

thefirstplace.That'sthestoryoftheAcademy,inanutshell.Butthenwho'sOscar?All

aboutOscarsWegenerallythinkoftheentireAcademyAwardsceremonyas"the

Oscars",butOscarisreallyjustanicknamefortheactualawardstatuettesandtheir

image.WhenMGMartdirectorCedricGibbonsandsculptorGeorgeStanleycreatedthe

statuettein1928,theAcademyreferredtoitastheAcademyAwardofMerit.Itdidn't

lakeonthenameOscaruntilthe1930s.Thereareseveralstoriesaboutthenickname's

origin,andnobodyiscompletelysureofthetruth.TheAcademysupportsthisversion:In

theearly'30s,anAcademylibrariannamedMargaretHerrickremarkedthatthestatue

lookedlikeherUncleOscar.Thenamestuck,andtheAcademystaffbeganreferringto

thestatueas"Oscar".In1934,SidneySkolskymentionedthenicknameinacolumnon

KatharineHepburn'sfirstBestActresswin.Thenamecaughton,andtheAcademy

officiallyadopteditin1939.AccordingtotheAcademy,theOscarstatuettedepictsa

crusaderknight(十字军骑士),graspingasword.Theknightstandsonafilmreel,with

fivespokes(hatrepresentthefiveoriginalbranchesofiheAcademy:Directors,Actors,

Writers,ProducersandTechnicians.Thestatuetteweighs8.5-pounds(3.85kg)andstands

13.5-inches(34.3cm)talLCraftsmenatR.S.Owens&Companycarefullycasteach

statuetteinbritanniuin(ametalalloy),andplateitwith24-karatgold.Thefigureis

mountedtoaround,blackmarblebase.PickingtheWinnersThefirststageinselecting

Oscarwinnersisnarrowingallthepossiblehonoreesinagivenyeardowntofive

nomineesforeachawardcategory.Tobeeligiblefornominationsinanyofthefeature

filmcategories,amoviemustmeetthesebasicrequirements:Itmustbe