大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模拟试卷36（共563题）

大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模

拟试卷36（共9套）

（共563题）

大学英语四级（年月考试改革适用）模

拟试卷第1套

一、作文（本题共I题，每题7.0分，共I分。）

1、Forthispan,youareallowed30minutesiouniteashortessay.Youshouldsian

youressaywithabriefaccountofstudent'sincreasingrelianceontechnologytosolve

problems,andthenexplaintheconsequenceofover-dependenceonit.Youshouldwrite

atleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

havetotoMCMiprobUmbyyovrMfCYbucan、caltechwpport.^

标准答案：Asshowninthepicture,akidistryingtogeltheanswerofasimple

calculationfromhissmartphone.Unfortunately,thisisjustthetipoftheiceberg.

Studentsrelysomuchontechnologytosolveproblemsthesedaysthattheyseekanswers

fromInternetfortheirdailyhomework,examinationandevengraduationpaperthat

needsdeepthoughtandcriticalthinking.Thoughtechnologyhasbroughtmuch

conveniencetous.overuseofit.especiallyforstudents,doesmoreharmthangood.First,

the"Googlehasitall"notiontemptsstudentintolaziness,andleadstotheirlossofbasic

skills.Forexample,manystudentsnowcan'tspellconectly"thanksto"thespelling

checkingsoftware.Second,technologycan'tteachstudentscriticalthinking.Solving

practicalproblemsisfarmorecomplicatedthancopy-and-paste.QandAwebsitesdon't

tellustheexactsolutionforeveryproblem,andstudentsneedtolearntheabilitytothink

andanalyzeinsteadofcopyingtheinformationtechnologymechanicallyprovides.

Advancedtechnologyiscertainlyablessingforstudents.Nevertheless,onceoverused,it

canbecomeadevilthatkillsourdiligenceandcreativity.

知识点解析：这篇看图作文要求考生结合图片就“过度依赖科技来解决问题”展开

论述。根据题目要求，文章结构可安排如下：第一段简要描述图片内容，并指出

学生在学习中过度依赖科技。第二段列举学生过度依赖科技所导致的不良后果：

造成学生形成惰性；不会批判性地去思考问题。第三段总结指出过度使用科技会

扼杀学生的勤奋和创造力。

二、词汇理解（本题共/0题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.Thename

comesfromthosetastylittlecookiesthatare[Cl]asbeinglowerinfatand

sugar.Buttheyoftenleaddieterstoeatmoreofthemthan[C2]cookiesand

thenwonderwhythey'renotlosingweight.Itturnsoutthere'saSnackWelleffectfor

energyusetoo—anditmaymakeittougherforustocutbackoncarbon.When[C3]

consciousconsumersbuyanenergy-efficientdishwasher,forexample,theymay

feellessguiltyabout[C4]themachinemoreoftenandasaresultmaynotend

upsavinginuuhoniheiiutilitybills.Likewise,studiesindicateihalpeoplewho[C5]

more-energy-efficientlightslose5%to12%oftheexpectedsavingsbyleaving

themonlonger.MuchlikedieterseatingtoomanySnackWell's,wccanfailinour

attemptstosaveenergyandmoney.Soresistthe[C6]toraiseyourthermostat

(恒温器)afteryoubuyamoreefficientfurnace:lowerthetemperaturebyadegreeand

shaveanother1%offyourheatingbill.ButevenifwedowhatJimmyCarterdidand

weara70s-stylesweaterallwinter,wemayendupspendingthoseenergysavings

somewhereelse-likeonaplane[C7]toBermudaAreportestimatedthat

[C8],thiseffectcouldreducethesavingsfromenergyefficiencyby10%or

more.Thatdoesn'tmeanenergy-efficiencymeasuresare[C9]—orthatwe

shouldnevergoonvacation.Butitdoesmeanthatcuttingbackonenergy[CIO]

,likedieting,isnotanexcusetostuffourselvesonlessguiltypleasures.A)acting

E)globallyI)rideM)specialB)advertisedF)installJ)routeN)urgeC)consumptionG)

operatedK)runningO)uselessD)environmentallyH)regularL)saving

2、[Cl]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此处需填入分词。由段末提到他们的体重并没有降下来可知低脂肪和

低糖分是一种宣传，动词词库中，与宣传相关的是advertised—词，故为答案c

3、[C2]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：此处需填入形容词。空前的them指的是广告上宣传的低脂肪.、低糖

分的美味小饼干，此处有节食者吃这些饼干多过“普通饼干”，regular符合文意。

4、[C3]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处需填入副词。下文提到消费者买的是节能洗碗机，由此可知他们

有环保意识，副词词库中，environmentaHy可修饰conscious,符合语义。

5、[C4]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：此处需填入动词的现在分词。购买了节能洗碗机后，消费者更频繁地

使用洗碗机就没有那么内疚了，runlhemachine表示“启动机器”，符合文意，介词

后要用动词的现在分词形式，故选running。

6、[C5]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：此处需填入动词。根据行文时态可知此处应是一般现在时，由先行词

people可知动词应为复数形式，install符合文意，此处表示“安装更高效节能的

灯”。

7、[C6]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：此处需填入名词。根据空前的resist一词可推测此处表示“抑制某种

情绪、冲动、意图等”，名词词库中，只有urge一词符合，表示“抑制……的冲

动”。

8、[C7]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：此处需填入名词。aplaneride为常用表达，表示“飞机之旅”，故选

ride。roule表示“路线”，其后常与from...to...搭配，故排除。

9、[C8]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：此处需填入副词。此处应是表限定范围的词，副词词库中，只有

globally符合。

10、[C9]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：此处需填入形容词。从doesn'tmean可知此处并非像上文一样一味否

定节能措施的作用，useless跟doesn't一起为双重否定，表肯定，选useless。

11、[CIO]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此处需填入名词。由cuttingback可知此处表示“减少能源消费”，此

处是第2段第1句中energyuse的同义复现，故选consumptiono

三、长篇阅读（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

WhatIfYouCouldLearnEverything?[A]Imagineeverystudenthasatirelesspersonal

tutor,anartificiallyintelligentandinexhaustiblecompanionthatmagicallyknows

everything,knowsthestudent,andhelpsherlearnwhatsheneedstoknow.'"Youguys

soundlikeyou'refromthefuture,'"JoseFerreira,theCEOoftheeducationtechnology

startupKncwton,says."That'sthemostcommonreactionwegetfromothersinthe

industry."[B]Fouryearsago,thiskindoftalksoundedliketypicalSiliconValleyboast

fromanotherchildishfounderofatechnologystartup.Today,Knewtonsaystheycan

deliverthekindsofbieaklhioughs:severalmilliondatapointsgenerateddailybycacliof

1millionstudentsfromelementaryschoolthroughcollege,usingKnewton's"adaptive

learning"technologytostudymath,reading,andotherfundamentals.PeterThiel,the

PayPalco-founder,Facebookinvestor,andanearlyinvestorinKnewton,toldKnewton's

staffrecentlythatthecompanyhastwokeycharacteristicshelooksforinadeal."Before

theyhappen,everybodythoughtitwasimpossible.Afterwardsit'stoolateforanyone

else,becausethey'vealreadydoneit."|C]Adaptivelearningisanincreasinglypopular

sayingindicatingeducationalsoftwarethatcustomizesitspresentationofmaterialfrom

momenttomomentbasedontheuser'sinput.It'sbeinghailedasa"revolution"byboth

venturecapitalistsandbig,establishededucationcompanies.Startingthisfall,Knewton's

technologywillbeavailabletothevastmajorityofthenation'scollegesanduniversities

andK-12schooldistrictsthroughnewpartnershipswiththreemajortextbookpublishers:

Pearson,MacMillan,andHoughtonMifflinHarcourt.AndFerreira'sdoneallthiseven

thoughhesaysneitherhisinvestorsnorhiscompetition,tosaynothingofthepublicor

thepress,reallyunderstandwhatKnewtoncando.[D]Buthere'sthevision.Within5or

10years,thepapertextbookandmimeographed（油印的）worksheetwillbedead.

Classroomexercisesandhomework-text,audio,video,games-willhaveshifted

entirelytotheiPadorequivalent.Andadaptivelearningwillhelpeachuserfindtheexact

rightpieceofcontentneeded,intheexactrightformat,attheexactrighttime,basedon

previouspatternsofuse.[E]Inanageofswellingclasssizes,teacherlayoffs,and

studentswithavastgroupingofspecialneedsandlearningstyles,somereformersgreet

theseadaptivelearningsoftwaresystemsasasaviorthatcouldmakelearningmore

customizedandeffectiveandteachingmoreefficient.WhilebattlelinesaresharpinK-12

schoolreformoverissuesfromcharterstotheCommonCorenationalcurriculum

standards,digitalinnovationshavefansacrossthepoliticalscopefortheirpowerto

engagestudentsandbringtheclassroomintothe21stcentury.[F]Knewton,atbase,isa

recommendationenginebutforlearning.Therecommendationengineisacore

technologyoftheInternet,andprobablyoneyouencountereveryday.Googleuses

recommendations:otherpeoplewhoenteredthesesearchtermsclickedonthispage,so

we'llshowittoyoufirst.Themoreyouuseoneofthesewebsites,themoreitknows

aboutyou—notjustaboutyourcuiTentbehavior,butaboutalltheothersearchesand

clicksyou'vedone.Intheory,asyouspendmoretimewithasiteitsrecommendations

willbecomemorepersonalized.[G]RatherthanthesetofallWebpagesorallmovies,

thelearningdatasetis,moreorless,theuniverseofallfacts.Ferreiracallsthesefacts

"atomicconcepts/meaningthatthey'reindivisibleintosmallerconcepts.Whena

textbookpublisherlikePearsonloadsitscurriculumintoKnewton'splatform,eachpiece

ofcontent——itcouldbeavideo,atestquestion,oraparagraphoftext—istaggedwiththe

appropriateconceptorconcepts.[H]Theplatformformsapersonalizedstudyplanbased

onthatinformationanddecideswhatthestudentshouldworkonnext,feedingthe

studenttheappropriatenewpiecesofcontentandcontinuouslycheckingtheprogress.A

dashboard（仪表盘）showsthestudenthowmany"masterypoints"havebeenachieved

andwhattodonext.Teachers,likewise,canseeexactlywhichconceptsthestudentis

strugglingwith,andnotonlywhetherthehomeworkproblemshavebeendonebutalso

howmanytimeseachproblemwasattemptedorhowmanyhintswereneeded.Themore

peopleusethesystem,thebetteritgets:andthemoreyouuseit,thebetteritgetsforyou.

|I|Inatraditionalclass,ateachermovesagroupofstudentsthroughapredetermined

sequenceofmaterialatasinglepace.Reactionsaredelayed—youdon'tgethomeworkor

popquizzesbackforadayortwo.Somestudentsarebored:someareconfused.Youcan

missakeyidea,fallbehind,andnevercatchup.Software-enabledadaptivelearningflips

allofthisonitshead.Studentscanmoveattheirownspeed.Theycangethintsand

instantfeedback.Teachers,meanwhile,canspendclasstimetargetingtheirhelpto

individualsorsmallgroupsbasedonneed.[J]TheKnewtonsystemusesitsanalyticsto

keepstudentsmotivated.Ifitnoticesthatyouseemtohaveaconfidenceproblem,

becauseyoutoooftenblowquestionsthatshouldbeeasybasedonpreviousresults,it

willstartyouoffwithafewquestionsyou'relikelytogetright.Ifyou'restuck,choosing

thewrongansweragainandagain,itwillthrowoutbroaderandbroaderhintsbeforejust

showingyoutherightanswer.Itknowswhentodrillyouonmultiplicationandwhento

giveyouafunanimatedvideotowatch.[K]Thesearcearlydays,andthequestionsarc

mounting.Researchindicatesthatemotionalqualitieslikecourage,persistence,and

motivationmaybeevenmoreimportanttostudents'successthantheknowledgeorskills

theyacquire,andtheyalldependheavilyonhumanrelationships.Knowledgeacquisition

istheonlyaspectofeducationthattoday'sdigitaltechnologyseemsespeciallywell

adaptedto.Sofar,mostsoftwareapplications,platforms,apps,andgames,including

Knewton's,havebeenoptimizedfortransferringquantitative,boundedbodiesoffactsin

fieldslikemath,science,orengineering,aswellasbasicliteracyandgrammar.An

adaptive-learningplatformlikeKncwton'sishelplesstoanalyzeastudent'sinsightin

classdiscussions,thespecialbrillianceofanessay,orcreativityinagrouppresentation.

Inararemomentofmodesty,Ferreiraagrees."Intheend,"hesays,"maybeKnewtonis

justatool.”

12、Studentsgetpersonalizedstudyplanandteachersgetdetailedinformationabout

students'performancefromKnewtonplatform.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：根据students,teachers以及personalizedstudyplan定位到H段。H段

首句讲述Knewton通过已经获取的信息为学生提供个性化学习方案，比如学生接

下来该学习什么。第3句则提到，老师也可以通过该平台看到学生究竟觉得哪个概

念难，以及学生在做家庭作业时每道题尝试了多少次，需要多少提示等信息，所以

本题是H段的大意概括。

13、Withcooperationwithmajortextbookpublishers,Knewton'stechnologywillbs

accessibletomanyuniversitiesbeginningfromthisautumn.

标准答案：c-'

知识点解析：通过lexlbookpublishers锁定C段。C段第3句说，从这个秋季严

始。美国的大多数大专院校以及幼儿园到高中范围的学校都可以使用Knewton的

技术，这得益于Knewton与三大教材出版商的新近合作。题目中的cooperation对

应原文的partnerships；accessible10对应availableto；autumn对应fall,所以本题

信息来自C段。

14、WhencurriculumsarcputintoKnewton'splatform,they'relabeledwithproper

concepts.

标准答案：G

知火点解析：根据concep［锁定G段。G段笫1、2句讲到Knewum平台是所有“事

实”的集合，而这些“事实”可以被称为“原子概念”。第3句提到，当Pearson等教材

出版商把课程输入到Knewton平台的时候。这些内容都会被贴上一个或数个合适

的概念标签。题目中的putinto对应文中loads…into；labeledwith对应tagged

with；proper对应appropriate,其他信息点均一致，所以本题信息来自G段。

15、TheKnewtonsystempaysattentiontostudents5confidenceproblems.

标准答案：J

知识点解析：通过confidenceproblems定位至I」J段。该段首句提到Knewton系统会

通过分析来保持学生的学习积极性.第2句举例提到当它发现你似乎信心不足时，

会让你从一些你很可能做对的题目开始练习。题目中的paysattentionto对应原文

的notices,其他信息点均一致，所以本题信息来自于J段。

16、KnewtonbasicallyworksinthesamewayasGoogle,butonlyforlearning.

标准答案：F'

知识点解析：通过Google定位到F段。该段首句提到Knewton从本质上来讲就是

一个推荐引擎，只不过是用来学习的；第3句提到Google使用的就是推荐引擎，

所以得出Knewton和Google的工作原理是一样的，所以本题是对该段第1句和第

3句的概括总结。

17、Adaptivelearningisaphraseusedtoindicateeducationalsoftwarethatchangesthe

materialspresentedtousersaccordingtotheirinput.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：根据educalionalsoftware和inpul锁定C段。该段首句提到自适应学

习这个说法口益普遍，它指那些时刻根据用户的输入来提供个性化学习材料的教学

软件。题中的phrase与原文的saying对应，changesthematerialspresentedtousers

与customizesitspresentationofmaterial对应，其他信息点也一致，所以本题信息来

自C段。

18>Knewtonhelpslittleindevelopingstudents'emotionalqualities.

标准答案：K

知识点解析：根据emotionalqualities定位到K段。该段第2句提到有研究表明：

比起学生所获取的知识或者技能，像勇气、毅力和积极性这些情商因素对学生的成

功更重要，而这些因素很大程度上取决于人际关系。而第3句提出目前的电子数码

技术只特别适用于知识的获取，故可推知其在培养情商方面帮助不大。

19>Adaptivelearningsoftwaresystemshavemanypoliticalsupporters.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：根据politicalsupporters定位至ljE段。该段第2句说虽然关于学校改

革的争议不断，但是电子数码领域的革新却因其可以吸引学生并能使课堂向21世

纪的现代化转变而在整个政界赢得了众多支持者，这里的电子数码领域的革新包含

自适应学习软件，因此可判断本题信息来自E段。

20、Inatraditionalclass,studentscan'tgettimelyhomeworkfeedback.

标准答案：I

知识点解析：根据Inatraditionalclass定位到I段。该段第1句说在传统的课堂

里，老师用单一的节奏领着一群学生学习顺序既定的教学材料。第2句继续讲述传

统课堂的情况，提到（老师的）反馈是延迟的，比如你需要一到两天后才能拿回作业

或者突击测验卷。题目信息是对这两句的总结，因此选I。

21、AninvestorbelievedinKnewtonbecauseitownsthecharacteristicshevaluesina

deal.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:根据investor,characteristics和inadeal锁定B段。该段第3句说,

Knewton的一个早期投资人PeterThiel告诉Knewton的员工，Knewlon拥有两个他

在做交易时所寻求的重要特征，由此可判断，本题信息来自B段。

四、仔细阅读（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共70分。）

Anewpartnerpushesouttwoclosefriendsonaverage.leavingloverswithasmaller

innercircleofpeopletheycanturntointimesofcrisis.astudyfound.Theresearch,led

byRobinDunbar,headoftheInstituteofCognitive（认知的）andEvolutionary

Anthropology（人类学）atOxfordUniversity,showedthatmenfindwomenwereequally

likelytolosetheirclosestfriendswhentheystartedanewrelationship.Previousresearch

byDunbar'sgrouphasshownthatpeopletypicallyhavefiveverycloserelationships一

thatis,peoplewhomtheywouldturntoiftheywereinemotionalorfinancialtrouble."If

yougointoaromanticrelationship,itcostsyoutwofriends.Thosewhohaveromantic

relationships,insteadofhavingthetypicalfive'coreset'ofrelationshipsonlyhavefour.

Andofthose,oneisthenewpersonwho'scomeintotheirlife,"saidDunbar.Thestudy,

submittedtothejournalPersonalRelationships,wasdesignedtoinvestigatehowpeople

tradeoffspendingtimewithonepersonoveranotherandsuggeststhatlinkswithfamily

andclosestfriendssufferwhenpeoplestartaromanticrelationship.Dunbar'steamused

aninternet-basedquestionnairetoquiz428womenand112menabouttheir

relationships.Intotal,363oftheparticipantshadromanticpartners.Thefindingssuggest

thatanewloveinteresthastocompensateforthelossoftwoclosefriends.Speakingat

theBritishScienceFestival,ProfessorDunbarsaid:"Thiswasasurpriseforus.We

hadn'texpectedit.""WhatIsuspectisthatyourattentionissowhollyfocusedonthe

romanticpartneryoudon'tgettoseetheotherfolksyouhadalottodowithbefore,and

sosomeofthoserelationshipsstarttodeteriorate（变糟）Thequestionnaireallowed

peopletomentionwhetheranyoftheirclosestfriendswere"extraromanticpartners°.In

all,32ofthosequizzedmentionedhavinganextraloveinterestintheirlife,butthese

peopledidnotlosefourfriendsasmightbeexpected.Instead,theextrapersonintheir

lifebumpedtheiroriginalromanticpartneroutoftheirinnermostcircleoffriends.

22WhatwasthenewfindingofRobinDunbar'sgroup?

Peoplewillturntotheirclosefriendswhentheyareinacrisis.

Peopleoftenbecomelesssociableaftertheyhaveanewpartner.

C、Peoplegainanewpartneratthecostoflosingtwoclosefriends.

D^Womentendtolosetheirclosefriendsmoreeasilythanmen.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第1句提到一项研究发现人们谈一次新的恋爱平均会失去两个密

友,而由第2段第1句可知，该研究是由RobinDunbar牵头的，与题干相符，故

可确定C为正确答案。C中的atthecostof…意为"以……为代价”。

23、Thephrase"verycloserelationships"（Lines1-2,Para.3）refersto.

A^romanticrelationships

B、intimatefriends

C、closepartners

D、closerelatives

标准答案：B

知识点解析：该段破折号后的内容对verycloserelationship作出了解释，指人们身

处感情或财政危机时可以求助的人，由前面修饰词five及后面的

emotional...trouble,并结合第1段后半句的内容可知这里不可能指“恋人”，故A、

C可先排除；这里应指亲密的朋友，B中的imimate与close同义，所以B正确。

24、ThepurposeufRobinDunbar'sstudyisto.

A、persuadepeopletocareabouttheirfriends

B、investigatehowpeoplespendtheirtime

C、lookintohowpeoplebalancedifferentrelationships

D、givesomelipsonhowtostartaromanticrelationship

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该段中的wasdesignedto提示后面的内容即为研究的目的所在。该研

究意在调查人们如何权衡自己在不同的交往关系中的时间分配，C符合此意，为正

确答案。其中lookinto对应文中的investigate,而balance对应文中的tradeoff〔权

衡）。

25、WhatdoweleamaboutDunbar'squestionnairefromthepassage?

A、Itwascarriedoutonline.

B、Itfocusedonpeoplewhohadromanticpartners.

C、IlwasdesignedbythejournalPersonalRelationships.

D、Womenweremorewillingtodothequestionnairethanmen.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第6段首句提到邓巴的团队是用网上问卷的方式调查的(internet-based

questionnaire),A中的on-line与此对应,故为正确答案。

26、Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraphabout"extraromanticpartners"?

A、Theygaintheirpopularityintoday'ssociety.

B、Theyarenotacceptableintheresearchers'eyes.

C^Theytendtoarguealotwiththeoriginalromanticpartners.

D、Ihcyexpeltheoriginalromanticpartnersfromthe"coreset"ofrelationships.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该段最后一句提到theextraperson会将之前的恋人挤出(bump...out

of)他们的密友圈子(innermostcircleoffriends),D是该句的同义替换，其中expel对

应文中的bump...outof,而“coresetMofrelationships则对应文中的innermostcircle

offriendso

Whenolderpeoplecannolongerremembernamesatacocktailparty,theytendtothink

thattheirbrainpowerisdeclining.Butagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatthis

assumptionisoftenwrong.Instead,theresearchfinds,theagingbrainissimplytakingin

moredataandtryingtoexaminecarefullyalotofinfomiation,oftentoitslong-term

benefit.Somebrainsdodeterioratewithage.Butformostagingadults,researcherssay,

muchofwhatoccursisagraduallywideningfocusofattentionthatmakesitmore

difficulttogetholdofjustonefact.Althoughthatcanbefrustrating,itisoftenuseful."It

maybethatdistractibilityisnot,infact,abadthing"saidShelleyECarson,apsychology

researcheratHarvard"Itmayincreasetheamountofinformationavailabletothe

consciousmind"Forexample,instudieswheresubjectsareaskedtoreadpassagesthat

areinterruptedwithunexpectedwordsorphrases,adults60andolderworkmuchmore

slowlythancollegestudents.Althoughthestudentsplowthroughthetextsataconsistent

speedregardlessofwhattheout-of-placewordsmean,olderpeopleslowdowneven

morewhenthewordsarerelatedtothetopicathand.Thatindicatesthattheyarenotjust

stumbling(结结巴巴土也念)overtheextrainformation,butarctakingitinandprocessing

it.Whenbothgroupswerelateraskedquestionsforwhichtheout-of-placcwordsmight

beanswers,theolderadultsrespondedmuchbetterthanthestudents."Fortheyoung

people,it'sasifthedistractionneverhappened/'saidaresearcherofthereview,Lynn

Hasher,aprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofToronto."Buiforolderadults,

becausethey'veretainedallthisextradata,they'renowsuddenlythebetterproblem

solvers.Theycantransfertheinformationthey'vesoakedupfromonesituationto

another."Suchtendenciescanyieldbigadvantagesintherealworld,whereitisnot

alwaysclearwhatinformationisimportant,orwillbecomeimportant.Forinstance,a

seeminglyincluvaiilpointursuggestioninaiiiumucanlakeonnewmuaiiiiigif11ic

originalplanchanges.

27、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat.

A、olderpeoplefeelsadfortheycan'tremembernames

B>thebrainpowerdoesnotalwaysdeclinewithage

C、cocktailpartiesarepopularamongolderpeople

D^thereareagrowingnumberofpeoplestudyingtheagingbrain

标准答案：B'

知识点解析：该段第1句说老人往往认为自己的脑力在衰退，但由第2句中的But

和isoftenwrong可知该想法并不正确，那么可以推断出，脑力并不总是随着年龄

的增长而衰退。第2段也为此结论提供了证据。因此本题答案为B。

28、WhatdoesShelleyH.Carsonmeanbysaying"...distractibilityisnot,infact,abad

thing"(LineI,Para.3)?

A^Itisnoiimponanttoconceniraieononething.

B、Distractibilitycanimprovepeople'sbrainpower.

C、Beingdistractedmeanstakinginmoreinformation.

D^Peopleoftenworryaboutdistractibility.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第3段第2句就对该句作出了解释：它(disiraclibility)以增加大脑获

得的信息量。distractibilily指“注意力分散”。C是对此内容的同义改写，故为答

案。

29、Whatdowelearnahonitheolderpeopleandcollegestudentsintheexperiment?

A、Collegestudentsskippedtheunexpectedwords.

B、Olderpeopleshouldimprovetheirreadingspeed.

C^Collegestudentsdidabetterjobthantheolderpeople.

D、Olderpeoplefullyunderstoodthemeaningofthepassage.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据第4段第2句可知，在该实验中，大学生在读文章时，不理会那

些格格不人的词汇的意思，而是保持正常的速度读完文章，A中skipped【he

unexpectedwords与文中的regardlessofwhattheout-of-placewordsmean意思相同，

故为正确答案。

30、Whycouldolderpeoplegivebetterrepliesthancollegestudentsintheexperiment?

A、Theyweremoreexperiencedreaders.

Theyabsorbedmoreextrainformation.

C>Collegestudentscouldn'tfbcusonthepassage.

D、Collegestudentshadnointerestinthepassage.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:由第4段最后-一句中的takingitinandprocessingit、第6段第2句中

的retainedallthisextradata及该段最后一句的soakedup等可知，和学生不同，老

年人在阅读时，能吸收那些额外的信息，并对这些信息进行处理和理解。这止是老

年人回答问题比大学生好的原因，B与此相符，故为正确答案。

31、Itcanbeinferredfromthelastpassagethat.

A^peoplecanalwaysgetclearinformation

B>theoriginalplansoftenchangeintherealworld

C、peoplecanbenefitfromdistractibilityinthisuncertainworld

D^peopleshouldwritedowneverypointandsuggestioninamemo

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该段第1句指出，老年人的distracliblily这种倾向在现实生活中有极

大好处(yieldbigadvantages),C中的benefitfrom…对应文中的yieldbig

advantages,而uncertain是对notalwaysclear的概括，由此可确定C正确。

五、翻译•汉译英(本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。)

32、在过去的几十年里，除夕夜吃饺子、放烟花、看一年一度的央视春节联欢晚

会(CCTVSpringFestivalGala)已经成为许多中国家庭的过年习俗。春节联欢晚会时

长四个多小时。据央视统计，晚会每年会吸引无数观众。今年观看春晚的人数就超

过了7亿，春晚为世界上观看人数最多的电视综艺节目(varietyshow)。对大多数中

国人而言，春节联欢晚会是现代文化的一部分。

标准答案：Alongwitheatingdumplingsandsettingofffireworks,watchingtheannual

CCTVSpringFestivalGalahasbecomeacustomonthelunarNewYear'sevefbrmany

Chinesefamiliesoverthepastdecades.Theshowlastsmorethantourhours.According

tostatisticsfromCCTV,thegaladrawsmillionsofviewerseveryyear.Thegalathis

year,withmorethan700millionviewers,isthemostwatchedTVvarietyshow

worldwide.TheSpringFestivalGalaisapartofmoderncultureformostChinesepeople.

知识点解析：1.第1句是典型的多动词汉语句子。“吃饺子、放烟花、看春晚”这

些动作从形式上看都属于主语部分，但译文没有将其译成并列的主语，而是采用转

换法。通过增译alongwith(伴随着)将前两个动作转译成状语。这样一来不仅避免

了因主语过长而使句子显得头重脚轻的问题，亦突出和强调了文章的主题“看春

晚”。2.第3句中的“据央视统计”的中心词是“统计”，“央视”是“统计”的来源，用

介词短语fromCCTV表达，作后置定语，整个短语译作accordingtostatisticsfrom

CCTV,符合英语的表达习惯。3.第4句两个分句的主语分别是“观看春晚的人

数”和“春晚虽然主语不同，但都与“春晚’湘关，如果译成两个句子，势必会反

复出现“春晚”的字眼，使句子冗长累赘。因此，以“春晚”为主语，并添加with结

构作其伴随成分，表示收看人数的情况。“观看人数最多的''表达为themost

watchedthemostwidely-viewedo4.最后一句，状语”对大多数中国人而言”置

于句末，而将后一分句前移至句首，突出主题theSpringFestivalGala。

六、短篇新闻(本题共7题，每题1.0分，共7分。)

33、

A、TheU.S.centralbankdecidesmonetarypolicy.

B、TheU.S.centralbankhasraisedaninterestrate.

C^TheU.S.economicgrowthisexpectedtocontinue.

D、TheU.S.economyisaddingabout200,000jobseachyear.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目问新闻主旨。新闻开篇便说“美国央行将一项重要利率提高了

0.25个百分点”。之后解释了加息原因。B”美国央行提高了利率”将首句加以提

炼，去掉具体的数据，表明了全文主旨。

34、

A、Itisexpectedtogrow.

B、Ilissetbelow1percent.

C^Itwouldaffectinterestrates.

D、Itwouldbegoodtorpricestability.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：题目询问由美国央行设定的targetinflationrate”目标通胀率”的相关信

息。新闻提到央行将targetinflationrate设定在2%,央行表示该通胀率有助于支持

就业(helpsupportemployment)和保持物价稳定(keeppricesstable),D中的price

stability与后者对应，其中的stability是stable的名词形式。

35、

A、Theyhadkilledciviliansanddestroyedbasicfacilities.

B、TheycoveredthewholenationofSyria

C、TheyattemptedtodestroySyria'sgovernmentfacilities.

D、Theywerelaunchedbasedonhumanitarianlaw.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目询问AmnestyInternational”国际特赦组织”关于俄罗斯此次空袭

的说法。新闻开头就提到，该组织认为俄罗斯的空袭杀死了数百名平民(killed

hundredsofcivilians)并毁坏了一些基础设施(destruciiontobasicfacilities),故A正

确。

36、

A^ItpromisedtostopairstrikesinSeptember.

B、Itdidnotfeelguiltyforthecasualties.

C、Itwasproudofcausingthecasualties.

D^Itclaimedtotakeresponsibleforthecasualties.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目询问俄罗斯对造成的平民伤亡(civiliancasuakies)的反应。新闻中

提到，俄方从未承认他们伤及平民(neveracknowledgedcausinganycivilian

casualties),即他们从不为平民伤亡感到抱歉，故B正确。

37、

A、Thegrowingnumberofmotorvehiclesdoesn'tmeanmoretrafficcrashes.

B、Allcountriessurveyedhavegreatprogressinpreventingtrafficdeaths.

C^Roadtrafficcrashesaredecreasinginthose180countriessurveyed.

D、Roadcrasheshavebeenpreventedthoroughlyinn'ostpoorcountries.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目问调查结果为什么是一个好消息。新闻中提到的surveyresult是

指“每年因交通事故丧生的人数持续稳定”(thenumberof...deaths...isstabilizing),新

闻之后提到，鉴于全球机动车辆日益增长(ihenumberofmolorvehiclesgrows),这

也是个好消息，A"机动车辆的日益增长并未引发更多的交通事故”对新闻内容进行

了概况，为正确选项。

38、

A、Thereisnowaytomaker