大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷61（共190题）

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷61（共9套）

（共190题）

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第1套

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

MovingfaiinoicquicklyIlianmanyhadihuuglillikelyuipvsbiblc,lawmakersinIlie10"

meinberHouse-Senatecommitteeannouncedtheagreementafterlessthan24hoursof

negotiations.SenateMajorityLeaderHarryReid:"Likeanynegotiation,thisinvolved

giveandtake,andifyoudon'tmindmysayingsothatisanunderstatement."The

agreementdropsthetotalto$789billion,whilebothSenateandHouse-passedmeasures

exceeded$800billion.Acombinationoflowandmiddleincometaxcuts,makingup

about35percentofthebill,anddomesticspending,itssupporterssayitmeetsPresident

BarackObama'sgoalofcreatingorsavingasmanyas4millionjobs.SusanCollinsof

Mainewasamongonly3moderateSenateRepublicanswhojoinedtheDemocratic

majoritythere.Shesaysmoneytrimmedfromthebillreflectsanefforttofocusitmore

sharplytohelptheeconomy."Itisafiscally-responsiblenumberthatreflectsourefforts

totrulyfocusthisbillonprograms,andpoliciesandtaxreliefthatwillhelpturnour

economyaround,createjobsandproviderelieftothefamiliesofourcountry,"shesaid.

Collinsalsopointedouttheagreementincreasesspendingoninfrastructureprojects,

morethan$150billionintheproposedmeasure.Republicanopponentskeptuptheir

criticisms,primarilythatthemeasurecontainsuntargetedspendingandnottherightlevel

oftaxrelief.HouseRepublicanleaderJohnBoehnervoiceddisappointmentwiththe

agreement,repeatinghisassertionthatthemeasurewillnotcreatejobsquicklyenough.

"Itappearsthattheyhavemadeabadbillworsebyreducingtheamountoftaxrelieffor

Americanfamiliesandsmallbusinesses,andaddingmorewastefulWashington

spending,1'hesaid.ButSenatorArlenSpecter,anothermoderateRepublicanwhoworked

withDemocrats,saidactionwasrequired."Thisisobviouslyaverydifficultvoteinview

ofthelargedeficitandnationaldebtwhichwehave,butIbelieveitisindispensable,that

strongactionbetaken,"hesaid.WhiteHouseaides,includingChiefofStaffRahm

Emanuel,joinedinthenegotiationsonCapitolHill.Lawmakersbehindtheagreement

hopeafinalconferencereportwillbereadyinthenext2daysthattheHouseandSenate

willvoteon.ApprovalwouldsendthelegislationtoPresidentObamaforsignature.An

eventualSenatevoteisexpectedtomirrorearlierresultsinwhichmajorityDemocrats,

withhelpfromthe3Republicans,achievedthe60votesneededtoovercomeany

proceduralblock.ItremainstobeseenhowavotewillturnoutintheHouse,whereno

RepublicanssupportedaHouse-passedmeasure,butwhereDemocratsholdastrong

enoughmajoritytopassmeasureseasily.HouseRepublicanleadersdeclinedtopredict

Wednesdayhowmanyintheirpartymightsupportfinallegislation.

1、"Theagreement'1(Line2,Para.1)ismostprobablyabillabout.

A、stimulusfortheeconomy

B、reformofthelegalsystem

C、fundingfbrtheeducationalsystem

D、expenditureonthenationaldefence

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本文多处提及与“经济有关的词，如第2段中的incomelaxculs,

domesticspending,第3段的helptheeconomy,turnoureconomyaround,create

jobs等，从这些词语可推断本文开头提到的agreement应该与经济政策有关，因此

选Ao

2、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutHarryReidisTRUE?

A^HecomesfromtheRepublicParty.

B、HecomesfromtheDemocraticParty.

C^Heisoptimisticaboutthefutureeconomy.

D、Heispessimisticaboutthefutureeconomy.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第1段末句提到HarryReid是参议院多数党领袖，而从第3段首句中

的theDemocraticmajority可知参议院的多数派是民主党，由此可见B正确。C和

D没有原文依据。

3、SusanCollinsacceptedtheagreementwith.

A、mildreservations

B、reluctantcompromise

C^firmconfidence

D、reasonableskepticism

标准答案：C

知识点解析•：第3段讲到，SusanCollins相信实施这个计划后，美国的经济会回

暖，会创造更多的就业或会，减轻大部分家庭的经济压力。由此可推断C正确。

A、B、D三个选项都表示对经济刺激计划持一定程度的怀疑，这与原文内容不

符。故排除。

4、ArlenSpectermostprobablythoughtthat.

A、somesenatorswouldbecomeundeterminedintheprocessofvoting

B、theeconomicproblemsshouldbesolvedimmediately

C、deficitandnationaldebtshouldn'thavebeenneglected

D、themeasuresintheagreementwouldnotbeaseffectiveasexpected

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第5段提到了AHenSpecter认为“必须采取行动”，再结合上下文可知

他认为必须立刻采取行动解决经济问题，因此选B,Specier虽提及averydifficull

vote,但原文并没有指出这是因为参议院在投票时犹豫不决，因此A不正确；文中

虽出现了deficit和nationaldebt这些字眼，但Spccler没提及不能忽视这些，故排

除C；D文中没有提及。

5、ItcanbeinferredabouttheHousefromthepassagethat.

A、itisledbyaRepublicanleader

B、mostRepublicansaremoderate

C、measuresproposedbytheRepublicansareseldompassed

D、measurescanbepassedwithouttheRepublicans'support

标准答案：D

知识点解析：最后一段第2句讲到，众议院的投票结果如何还不明朗，众议院里没

有共和党人支持众议院通过的经济刺激方案，在众议院中，民主党人占的席位足够

多，足以轻易通过法案，D为本题答案。

AgehasitsprivilegesinAmerica,andoneofthemoreprominentofthemisthesenior

citizendiscount.Anyonewhohasreachedacertainage-insomecasesaslowas55—is

automaticallyentitledtoadazzlingarrayofpricereductionsatnearlyeverylevelof

commerciallife.Eligibilityisdeterminednotbyone'sneedbutbythedateonone'sbirth

certificate.Practicallyunheardofagenerationago,thediscountshavebecomearoutine

partofmanybusinesses-ascommonascolortelevisionsinmotelroomsandfreecoffee

onairliners.Peoplewithgrayhairoftenaregiventhediscountswithoutevenaskingfor

them;yet,millionsofAmericansaboveage60arehealthyandsolvent（有支付能力的）.

Businessesthatwouldneverdareofferdiscountstocollegestudentsoranyoneunder30

freelyofferthemtoolderAmericans.Thepracticeisacceptablebecauseofthe

widespreadbeliefthat^elderly1'and"needy1'aresynonymous（同义的）.Perhapsthat

oncewastrue,buttodayelderlyAmericansasagrouphavealowerpovertyratethanthe

restofthepopulation.Tobesure,thereiseconomicdiversitywithintheelderly,and

manyolderAmericansarepoor.Butmostofthemaren't.Itisimpossibletodeterminethe

impactofthediscountsonindividualcompanies.Formanyfirms,theyareastimulusto

revenue.Butinothercasesthediscountsaregivenattheexpense,directlyorindirectly,

ofyoungerAmericans.Moreover,theyarcadirectirritantinwhatsomepoliticiansand

scholarsseeasacomingconflictbetweenthegenerations.Generationaltensionsarc

beingfueledbycontinuingdebateoverSocialSecuritybenefits,whichmostlyinvolvesa

transferofresourcesfromtheyounglotheold.Employmentisanothersorepoint.

Buoyed（支持）bylawsandcourtdecisions,moreandmoreolderAmericansare

decliningtheretirementdinnerinfavorofstayingonthejob-therebylessening

employmentandpromotionopportunitiesforyoungerworkers.Farfromakindofcharity

theyoncewere,seniorcitizendiscountshavebecomeaformidableeconomicprivilegeto

agroupwithmillionsofmemberswhodon'tneedthem.Itnolongermakessensetotreat

theelderlyasasinglegroupwhoseeconomicneedsdeservepriorityoverthoseofothers.

Seniorcitizendiscountsonlyenhancethemyththatolderpeoplecan'ttakecareof

themselvesandneedspecialtreatment;andtheythreatenthecreationofanewmyth,that

theelderlyareungratefulandtakingforthemselvesattheexpenseofchildrenandother

agegroups.SeniorcitizendiscountsaretheessenceoftheverythingolderAmericansare

fightingagainst-discriminationbyage.

6、Wclearnfromthefirstparagraphthat.

A、ofleringseniorcitizensdiscountshasbecomeroutinecommercialpractice

B、seniorcitizendiscountshaveenabledmanyoldpeopletoliveadecentlife

C、givingseniorcitizensdiscountshasboostedthemarketfortheelderly

D、seniorcitizenshavetoshowtheirbirthcertificatestogetadiscount

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：第1段首句讲到，美国的年龄特权较为突出的表现就是老年人可以享

受折扣。末句又说老年人享有折扣成为许多商家的常规，A为本题答案。该段第3

句谈及享有折扣的资格是根据出生证上的日期而定，并未说享受折扣时要出示出生

证，D错误oB中的liveadecentlife和C中的haveboostedthemarket无原文依

据。

7、Whatassumptionliesbehindthepracticeofseniorcitizendiscounts?

A、Businesses,havingmadealotofprofits,shoulddosomethingforsocietyinreturn.

B、Oldpeopleareentitledtospecialtreatmentforthecontributiontheymadetosociety.

C、Theelderly,beingfinanciallyunderprivileged,needhumanehelpfromsociety.

D、SeniorcitizendiscountscanmakeupfortheinadequacyoftheSocialSecurity

system.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：第2段第3句讲到，这个做法之所以被接受是因为人们普遍认为“年

老的''和"贫穷的''是同义的，也就是说因为老年人在经济方面处于弱势地位，需要

社会的帮助，由此得出答案为C。

8、Accordinglosumcpoliliciansandsuholars,svniurcitizendisuounlswill.

A、makeoldpeopleevenmoredependentonsociety

B、intensifyconflictsbetweentheyoungandtheold

C、haveadversefinancialimpactonbusinesscompanies

D、bringamarkedincreaseinthecompanies*revenues

标准答案：B

知识点解析：第3段末句讲到，和某些政客和学者所阐述的那样，老年人的折扣特

权引起了代与代之间的冲突，即会让老年人和年轻人之间的关系变得紧张，B为本

题答案。

9^HowdocstheauthorviewtheSocialSecuritysystem?

A、Itencourageselderlypeopletoretireintime.

B、Itopensupbroadcareerprospectsforyoungpeople.

C、Itbenefitstheoldattheexpenseoftheyoung.

D、Itshouldbereinforcedbylawsandcourtdecisions.

标准答案：c

知识点0析：第4段讲到，关于社会保障救济金的辩论更加激化了代与代之间的紧

张关系，这种社会保障救济主要是把年轻人的资源转给老年人，而老年人拒绝退休

则减少了一些年轻人就业和升职的机会。可见，作者认为这种保障体系是以牺牲年

轻人为代价而让老年人受益，C为本题答案。

10>Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheauthor'smainargument?

A、Seniorcitizensshouldfighthardagainstagediscrimination.

B、Theelderlyareselfishandtakingseniordiscountsforgranted.

C、Bnorityshouldbegiventotheeconomicneedsofseniorcitizens.

D、Seniorcitizendiscountsmaywellbeatypeofagediscrimination.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：全文围绕“美国老年人享有折扣展开了论述，谈及此政策所引起的代

际冲突，最后表明作者的立场：认为老年人需要更多优先权的观念已不合时宜，老

年人享有折扣本质上是年龄歧视。D为本题答案。

Reebokexecutivesdonotliketoheartheirstylishathleticshoescalled"footwearfor

yuppies（雅皮士，少壮高薪职业人士）TheycontendthatReebokshoesappealto

diversemarketsegments,especiallynowthatthecompanyoffersbasketballand

children'sshoesfortheunder-18setandwalkingshoesforoldercustomersnotinterested

inaerobics（健身操）orrunning.Theexecutivesalsopointoutthatthroughrecent

acquisitionstheyhaveaddedhikingboots,dressandcasualshoes,andhigh-performance

athleticfootweartotheirproductlines,allofwhichshouldattractnewandvariedgroups

ofcustomers.Still,despiteitsemphasisonnewmarkets,Reebokplansfewchangesin

theupmarket（高档消费人群的）retailingnetworkthathelpedpushsalesto$1billion

annually,aheadofallothersportsshoemarketers.Reebokshoes,whicharepricedfrom

$27to$85,willcontinuetobesoldonlyinbetterspecialty,sportinggoods,and

departmentstores,inaccordancewiththecompany'sviewthatconsumersjudgethe

qualityofthebrandbythequalityofitsdistribution.Inthepastfewyears,the

Massachusetts-basedcoirpanyhasimposedlimitsonthenumberofitsdistributors（and

thenumberofshoessuppliedtostores）,partlyoutofnecessity.Attimestheunexpected

demandforReeboksexceededsupply,andthecompanycouldbarelykeepupwithorders

fromthedealersitalreadyhad.Thesefulfillmentproblemsseemtobeundercontrolnow,

butthecompanyisstillselectiveaboutitsdistributors.Atpresent,Reebokshoesare

availableinaboutfivethousandretailstoresintheUnitedStates.Reebokhasalready

anticipatedthatwalkingshoeswillbethenextfitness-relatedcraze,replacingaerobics

shoesthesamewayitsbrightlycolored,softleatherexercisefootwearreplaced

conventionalrunningshoes.Throughproductdiversificationandcarefulmarketresearch,

ReebokhopestoavoidthedistributionproblemsNikecameacrossseveralyearsago,

whenNikemisjudgedthestrengthoftheaerobicsshoecrazeandwasforcedtounload

hugeinventoriesofrunningshoesthroughdiscountstores.

11、OnereasonwhyReebok'smanagerialpersonneldon'tliketheirshoestobecalled

"footwearforyuppies"isthat.

A、theybelievethattheirshoesarepopularwithpeopleofdifferentagegroups

B>newproductionlineshavebeenaddedtoproduceinexpensiveshoes

C、yuppiesusuallyevokesanegativeimage

D^thetermmakespeoplethinkofprohibitiveprices

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第1段提到“他们认为锐步鞋对各种各样的消费市场都有吸引力，尤

其是现在，公司生产出了篮球鞋和适合18岁以下青少年穿的鞋子以及对健身操或

跑步不感兴趣的老年人所穿的散步鞋“，故选A；B并不是直接原因，不是最隹选

择；C和D均与文意相呼。

12、Reebok'sviewthat"consumersjudgethequalityofthebrandbythequalityofits

distribution"(Line5,Para.2)impliesthat.

A、thequalityofabrandismeasuredbytheservicequalityofthestoresellingit

B、thequalityofaproductdeterminesthequalityofitsdistributors

C>thepopularityofabrandisdeterminedbythestoresthatsellit

D、consumersbelievethatfirst-rateproductsareonlysoldbyhigh-qualitystores

标准答案：D

知识之解析：第2段提到“锐步鞋的售价从27到85美元不等，将继续只会在高档

次的专卖店、体育用品商店和百货公司出售，因为这种做法符合公司的观点，即消

费者根据分销商的档次来判断品牌的质量“，D与此观点相符。文中的quality并不

指服务质量，可排除A；B倒置因果关系；C与文中观点相悖。

13、Reebokoncehadtolimitthenumberofitsdistributorsbecause.

itssupplyofproductsfellshortofdemand

B、toomanydistributorswouldcutintoitsprofits

C^thereductionofdistributorscouldincreaseitsshareofthemarket

D^itwantedtoenhanceconsumerconfidenceinitsproducts

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第3段前两句提到“在过去几年中，马萨诸塞州分公司限制其分销商

及其商店中鞋子的数量，部分原因是他们必须这样做。有时对锐步鞋的需求超过其

供应，公司难以满足现有分销商的订单”，A正确；其余三项均与文意相悖。

14、AlthoughtheReebokCompanyhassolvedtheproblemoffulfillingitsorders,it

A、doesnotwanttofurtherexpanditsretailingnetwork

B、stilllimitsthenumberofshoessuppliedtostores

C^isstillparticularaboutwhosellsitsproducts

D^stillcarefullychoosesthemanufacturersofitsproducts

标准答案：C

知识点露析：第3段倒数第2句提到“供不应求的问题似乎已得到控制，但公司仍

然严格挑选分销商“，C与文中观点一致，为正确选项。

15、WhatlessonhasReeboklearnedfromNike'sdistributionproblems?

A、Acompanyshouldnotsellitshighqualityshoesindiscountstores.

B、Acompanyshouldnotlimititsdistributionnetwork.

C^Acompanyshoulddofbllow-upsurveysofitsproducts.

D、Acompanyshouldcorrectlyevaluatetheimpactofanewcrazeonthemarket.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：最后一段提到“通过产品多样化和详细的市场调查，锐步希望避免耐

克几年前所遇到的分销问题。当时耐克公司错误地判断了健身操鞋的销售热，最后

不得不通过折扣商店售出其数量庞大的存货”，由此可知D正确。

Carmakershavelongusedsextoselltheirproducts.Recently,however,bothBMWand

RenaulthavebasedtheirlatestEuropeanmarketingcampaignsaroundtheiconofmodern

biology.BMWscampaign,whichlaunchesitsnew3-seriessportssalooninBritainand

Ireland,showsthenewcreationandfourofitsearlierversionszigzaggingarounda

landscapemadeupofgiantDNAsequences,withabriefexplanationthatDNAisthe

moleculeresponsibleforrheinheritanceofsuchfeaturesasstrength,powerand

intelligence.TheRenaultoffering,whichpromotesitsexistingLagunamodel,employs

evolutionarytheoryevenmoreexplicitly.Thecompany'stelevisioncommercials

intersperse（点缀）clipsofthecarwithscenesfromalecturebySteveJones,aprofessor

ofgeneticsatUniversityCollegeLondon.BMW'scampaignisintendedtoconveythe

ideaofdevelopmentalliedtoheritage.Thelatestproduct,inotherwords,shouldbe

viewedasthenewandimprovedscion（后代）ofalonglineofgoodcars.Renault's

messageismoresubtle.Itisthatevolutionworksbygradualimprovementsratherthan

suddenleapsandinthis,Renaultisaligningitselfwith（与...保持一致）biological

orthodoxy.So,althoughthenewcarintheadvertisementmaylookliketheoldone,the

externalformconcealsanumberofsignificantchangestotheengine.Whilethese

alterationsarealmostinvisibletotheaveragedriver,Renaulthopestheywillimprovethe

car'sperformance,andultimatelyitssurvivalinthemarketplace.Whethertheyactually

dosowilldepend,inpart,onwhethermarketershavereadthepublicmoodcorrectly.

For,evenifgeneticsreallydoesofferausefulmetaphorforautomobiles,employingitin

advertisingisnotwithoutitsdangers.ThatisbecauseDNA'spublicimageisambiguous.

Inonecontext,peoplemayseeitasthecornerstoneofmodernmedicalprogress.In

another,itwillbringtomindsuchcontroversialissuesasabortion,geneticallymodified

food-stuffs,andthesinistersubjectofeugenics（优生学）.Carmakersareprobably

standingonsafergroundthanbiologists.Buteventheycanmakemistakes.Thoughit

wouldnotbeobvioustothecasualobserver,someoftheDNAwhichfeaturesinBMWs

adsforitsnice,newcaroncebelongedtoawoollymammoth—abeastthathasbeen

extinctfor10,000years.Not,presumably,quitethemessagethatthemarketing

departmentwastryingtoconvey.

16^BothBMWandRenaultusetheiconofmodernbiologyinmarketinginorderto

introducecars.

A、thatareproducedwithadvancedtechnologies

B、thataremanufacturedonDNAtechnology

C>thatareimprovedonthebasisoftheoldones

D、thathavenothingtodowiththepreciousmodels

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章在第3段对汽车制造商的营销策略，即theiconofmodern

biology,进行解释。第3段前两句提到“德国宝马汽车公司的策略是通过与遗传结

合传递发展的理念。即公司的最新产品可视为长长一串优秀产品经过改良的后

代。”以及第3-4句中的“雷诺公司的策略更加微妙，产品的换代是一种渐进的改

良，而不是突然跳跃性的改变“，由上可知，这两家的营销策略旨在说明新款汽车

继承了原来产品的优秀品质，并有所改良，C正确。

17、WhatisthedifferencebetweenBMW'smarketingcampaignandRenault's?

A、RcnaulfscampaignemploysevolutionarytheorywhileBMWsdoesn't.

B、Renault'scampaignemphasizestechnologicalevolutionwhileBMWsemphasizes

technologicalrevolution.

C^BMWscampaigndisplaysimprovementontheircarslessexplicitlythanRenault's

does.

D、BMWscampaignismuchmoreeffectivethanRenault's.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由第2段第2句中的TheRenault...employsevolutionarytheoryeven

moreexplicitly以及第3段第2句Renaulfsmessageismoresubtle可知C正确。A

与原文表述不符；文章没有提到宝马对产品掀起技术上的变革，故B错；D文中

没有提到。

18、Inthethirdparagraph,by"biologicalorthodoxy",theauthormeans.

A^Renaultdoesn'tmakeanychangeinthenewcarmodel

B、Renaultmakesgradualchangeinthenewcarmodel

C^Renaultmakesgreatchangeinthenewcarmodel

D^Renaultmakessuddenchangeinthenewcarmodel

标准答案：B

知识点解析：biologicalonhodoxy（生物学的正统观念）出现于第3段第4句句末，in

this指的是前面提到的bygradualimprovementsratherthansuddenleaps可以直接选

出B,即雷诺公司对新推出的汽车的改良是“渐变性的”。

19、Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthatthesuccessofthecampaign

employingmodernbiologydependson.

A、publicunderstandingofDNA

B、advancesingeneticresearch

C、thewillingnessofcustomerstobuy

D^thedisappearanceofgenetically-modifiedproducts

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第4段首句“他们能否真的做到这一点，部分取决于市场营销人员是

否摸准了大众的心理”为该段主题句，下文接着讲到了人们对DNA这个意象的理

解是不同的。结合这些可以看出，广告能否获得成功，取决于人们对于DNA的理

解，故本题选A。

20、Ilcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.

A^BMWsmarketershaveapoorknowledgeofbiology

thepubliccannotspotthemistakeinBMW'sads

C、BMWsmarketersprobablymisusethewoollymammoth'sDNAintheads

D、thepublicmostprobablywillresistthenewcarduetothemistakeintheads

标准答案：C

知识点解析：最后一段最后一句说“德国宝马公司在推出其漂亮新车的广告中使用

了DNA,这些DNA属于毛猛鸡象—一种已经灭绝一万年的野兽。大概，这不

是他们营销部门想要在广告中传达的信息吧“，可见，宝马公司的营销人员很可能

是在广告中误用了毛猛妈象的DNA这一意象，故选C。其他选项无原文依据。

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第2套

一、词汇理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

Tounderstandthemarketingconcept,itisonlynecessarytounderstandthedifference

betweenmarketingandselling.Nottoomanyyearsago,mostindustriesconcentrated

[Cl]ontheefficientproductionofgoods,andthenreliedon"persuasive

salesmanship"tomoveasmuchofthesegoodsaspossible.Suchproductionandselling

focusesontheneedsofthesellertoproducegoodsandthen[C2]theminto

money.Marketing,ontheotherhand,[C3]thatemphasisisplacedonthe

wantsofconsumers.Itbeginswithanalyzingthe[C4]anddemandsof

consumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem.Thiseye-on-the-consumer

[C5]isknownasthemarketingconcept.Itsimplymeansthatinsteadof

tryingtosellwhateveriseasiertoproduce,themakersfirsttrytofindoutwhatthe

consumerwantstobuyandthengoaboutmakingit[C6]forpurchase.Every

step-design,production,[C7].promotion—ismadeaccordingtoconsumer

demand.Thisconceptdoesnotmeanthatconsumersatisfactionis[C8]to

profitinacompany.Therearealwaystwosidestoeverybusinessactivity—thefirmand

theconsumer—andeachmustbesatisfiedbeforetrade[C9].Successful

merchantsandproducers,however,recognizethatthesurestroutetoprofitisthrough

understandingcustomers.WhenCocaColachangedtheflavorofitsdrinkinmid-1985,

thenon-acceptancebya[CIO]portionofthepublicbroughtaboutaquick

restorationoftheClassicCoke.Thisisagoodexampleoftheimportanceofsatisfying

consumers.A)approachF)distributionK)preferencesB)automaticallyG)impliesL)

primarilyC)availableH)obligationM)priorD)contributionI)occursN)qualifyE)

convertJ)overallO)significant

1、[Cl]

标准答案：L

知识点0析：副词辨析题。本句主谓宾完整，可判定空格处应填入一个副词。根据

句意可知，早些年的销售都是依靠说服消费者来买东西，主要是重生产，所以选L

项primarilyo

2、[C2]

标准答案：E

知识点》析：动词辨析题。根据句子结构可知，空格前是并列连词and,故此处需

要填入动词原形，与pn）duce并列，并且能够与ink）搭配。根据句意，这样的生产

与销售关注的是销售者生产商品并将商品资金的需求，convertsth.into

sth.表示“将...转换成....”，所以选E项convert4

3、[C3]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：动词辨析题。根据句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，故此处需要填入一

个动词。根据下文提到的“Itsimplymeans…”可以推测出，此处也是对主语

marketing进行解释，所以选G项implies«

4、[C4]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：名词辨析题。根据句子结构可知，此处应填入一个名词。根据空格后

的demandsofconsumersandthenproducinggoodsthatwillsatisfythem（消费者的需

求，以便于生产使他们满意的商品）可知，此处应该是指消费者的喜好，故选K项

preferenceso

5、[C5]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：名词辨析题。根据句子结构可知，此句缺少主语，且空格前是一个复

合名词作定语。由空格后提到的themarketingconcept可知，所填词应该是对其做

出的解释，所以选A项approach。

6、[C61

标准答案：c

知识点解析：形容词辨析题。根据句子结构可知，此处需要填入一个形容词作宾语

补足语。根据空格前提到的“营销就是分析消费者的喜好和需求，然后进行生产，

以满足消费者需求''可以推断出，此处是指商品可供消费者购买，应选C项

availableo

7、[C7]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：名词辨析题。由空格前后可推断此处应填入一个名词。根据句意得

知，所填词语应是营销的一个环节，distribution意为“分配，配送“，所以选F。

8、[C8]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：形容词辨析题。空格位于is之后，可以判定应填入一个形容词。根

据卜.文提到的eachmustbesalisfied(双方都要满意才行)可以看出，消费者的利益并

不优先于公司利益，priori。的意思是“先于……”，所以选M。

9、[C9]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：动词辨析题。此从句中trade后缺少谓语，因此应填入一个动词第三

人称单数。由句意可推断出，此处表示在交易发生之前双方都要满意，因此选1项

Occurso

10、[CIO]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：形容词辨析题。根据句子结构可知，此处需填入一个形容词。根据空

格后的aquickrestorationoftheClassicCoke可以推测，应该是有许多人反对，否则

不会恢复到原来的口味，asignificantportionof意为“许多，大量”，所以选0。

二、长篇阅读(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70分。)

Climatechangemaybereal,butit*sstillnoteasybeinggreenHowdoweconvinceour

innercavemantobegreener?Weasksomeoutstandingsocialscientists.A)Theroadto

climatehellispavedwithourgoodintentions.Politiciansmaytacklepolluterswhile

scientistsdobattlewithcarbonemissions.Butthemostpervasiveproblemisless

obvious:ourownbehaviour.Wegetdistractedbeforewecanturndowntheheating.We

breakourpromisenottoflyafterhearingaboutaneighbour'striptoIndia.Ultimately,we

can'tbebotheredtochangeourattitude.Fortunatelyfortheplanet,socialscienceand

behaviouraleconomicsmaybeabletodothatforus.B)Despitemournfulpolarbears

andchartsshowingcarbonemissionssoaring,mostpeoplefindithardtobelievethat

globalwarmingwillaffectthempersonally.RecentpollsbythePewResearchCentrein

Washington,DC,foundthat75-80percentofparticipantsregardedclimatechangeas

animportantissue.Butrespondentsrankeditlastonalistofpriorities.C)This

inconsistencylargelystemsfromafeelingofpowerlessness."Whenwecan'tactually

removethesourceofourfear,wetendtoadaptpsychologicallybyadoptingarangeof

defencemechanisms,nsaysTomCrompton,changestrategistfortheenvironmental

organisationWorldWideFundforNature.D)Partofthefaultlieswithourinner

caveman.Evolutionhasprogrammedhumanstopaymostattentiontoissuesthatwill

haveanimmediateimpact."Weworrymostaboutnowbecauseifwedon'tsurvivefor

thenextminute,wc'rcnotgoingtobearoundintenyears'time,“saysProfessorElke

WeberoftheCentreforResearchonEnvironmentalDecisionsatColumbiaUniversityin

NewYork.IftheThameswerelappingaroundBigBen,Londonerswouldfaceuptothe

problemofemissionspre:tyquickly.Butinpractice,ourbraindiscountstherisks—and

benefits-associatedwithissuesthatliesomewayahead.E)MatthewRushworth,ofthe

DepartmentofExperimentalPsychologyattheUniversityofOxford,seesthisinhislab

everyday."Oneofthewaysinwhichallagentsseemtomakedecisionsisthatthey

assignalowerweightingtooutcomesthatarcgoingtobefurtherawayinthefuture,"he

says."Thisisaverysensiblewayforananimaltomakedecisionsinthewildandwould

havebeenveryhelpfulforhumansforthousandsofyears."F)Notanylonger.Bythe

timewewakeuptothethreatposedbyclimatechange,itcouldwellbetoolate.Andif

we'renotgoingtomakerationaldecisionsaboutthefuture,othersmayhavetohelpusto

doso.G)FewpoliticallibrariesarewithoutacopyofNudge-.ImprovingDecisions

AboutHealth,WealthandHappiness,byRichardThalerandCassSunstein.Theyargue

thatgovernmentsshouldpersuadeusintomakingbetterdecisions—suchassavingmore

inourpensionplans-bychangingthedefaultoptions.ProfessorWeberbelievesthat

environmentalpolicycanmakeuseofsimilartactics.It,forexample,buildingcodes

includedgreenconstructionguidelines,mostdeveloperswouldbetoolazytochallenge

them.H)Defaultsarecerrainlypartofthesolution.Butsocialscientistsaremost

concernedaboutcraftingmessagesthatexploitourgroupmentality(心态).”Wcneedto

understandwhatmotivatespeople,whatitisthatallowsthemtomakechange,"says

ProfessorNeilAdger,oftheTyndallCentreforClimateChangeResearchinNorwich."It

isactuallyaboutwhattheirpeersthinkofthem,whattheirsocialnormsare,whatisseen

asdesirableinsociety."Inotherwords,ourinnercavemaniscontinuallylooki