高考英语一轮复习 考点08 名词性从句（核心考点精讲精练）（原题版）

考点08名词性从句（核心考点精讲精练）【近年真题考点分布】高考考点语法之名词性从句2023上海秋考KingMosicontinued,“Justasyoucannottellmethenumberofseedsinthebaobabfruit,youcannotprove(25)__________thislandbelongsto.Hisstoryisareminderof(29)__________wisdomcanbring(30)__________peaceandharmony.2023上海春考(25)__________countsforAdvisersisanabilitytogetonwithyoungpeopleandtoputacrossthesubject.YoungEnterprisemakes(28)__________arulethattheAdvisersmustcomefromavarietyofbusinessoccupations.2022上海秋考Anentrepreneurcandetermine(26)__________otherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedbyconductingacompetitiveanalysis.2022上海春考Peopletravelthousandsofkilometerstoseetheaurora,andtheycanneverbesure(29)_______itwillhappen.But(30)_______________doseeitsaythattheywillneverforgetit.2021上海春考2021年春考Thiswillallowyoutosee(29)________genres（类型）workforyourgroup.2021上海秋考Thiswas(24)__________happened,forexample,whensoldierstravelledbackhomeattheendoftheFirstWorldWar.【思维导图】【知识梳理】种类作用例句关联词宾语从句在复合句中做宾语，相当于名词，一般置谓语之后。Heaskedmewhichteamcouldwinthegame.Wehope（that）youwillenjoyyourtrip. Tellmewhyyoudon’tlikeschool.Idon’tknowwhosepronunciationisthebest.连接词that/whetherasif/asthough;连接代词what/whichwho/whosewhateverwhoeverwhomeverwhichever;连接副词Where/whenwhy/howwhereverwhenever表语从句在复合句中做表语，相当于名词，位于系动词之后。Itlooksasifitisgoingtosnow.NewYorkisnolongerwhatitwastenyearsago.Thebookiswhereyouleftit.Theproblemiswhenhecamehere.主语从句在复合句中做主语，相当于名词，一般置谓语之前；也可用it作形式主语，主语从句放主句之后。Whetherhewillcomeornotdoesn’tmattermuch.Whoevercomesherewillbewelcome.Itisnotyetdecidedwhowilldothatjob.Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.同位语从句放在名词之后(news,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,thought,hope,fact等)表明其具体内容。Thefactthatheliedagaingreatlysurprisedus.Doyouhaveanysuggestionwherewegetcheapersecondhandcar?Youhavenoideahowworriedweare.考点一：宾语从句1．宾语从句的引导词连接词that，whether，if只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when，where，how，why在从句中作状语SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary，andIadmittedthatIhadn't.她问我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。Ourteacheralwaystellustobelieveinwhatwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.我们的老师总是告诉我们，如果我们想成功的话，就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。易错警示(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh­类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只用whether，不用if。2．形式宾语宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句(3)短语动词seeto/dependon/relyon＋it＋从句(4)固定搭配takeitforgrantedthat/oweittosb.that＋从句Nomatterwhereheis，hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.无论他在哪里，他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。Ishallseetoitthatheistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofboiledwatereveryday.我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。3．宾语从句的时态一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即当主句是一般现在时时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；当主句为过去的某种时态时，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。考点二：表语从句1．表语从句的引导词连接词that，whether只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when，where，how，why在从句中作状语Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatisintended.对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。Thisiswhereweusuallythinkit'seasiertojustgiveup.这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。易错警示if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。2．asif/asthough引导表语从句asif/asthough意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel，smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。Thethicksmogcoveredthewholecity.Itwasasifagreatblackblankethadbeenthrownoverit.厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。3．其他常考的表语从句(1)This/That/Itiswhy＋表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因”(2)This/That/Itisbecause＋表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……”(3)Thereasonwhy...isthat＋表语从句“……的原因是……”Fromspace，theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseaboutseventy­onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。考点三：主语从句1．主语从句的引导词连接词that，whether，if只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分连接代词what，who，whom，which，whichever，whatever，whoever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语连接副词when，where，how，why在从句中作状语Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Whateveryoucandohelps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。Howweunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。WhereLiBai，agreatChinesepoet，wasbornisknowntothepublic，butsomewon'tacceptit.李白，中国伟大的诗人，出生的地方人人皆知，但是有些人对此并不接受。Thelimitsofaperson'sintelligence，generallyspeaking，arefixedatbirth，butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.通常来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了，但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。易错警示(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。(2)当主语从句位于句首时，常用whether引导，而不用if。2．形式主语it作形式主语的常见句型：(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)＋that从句(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句(4)It＋不及物动词(seem，appear，happen，matter等)＋that从句Itisuncertainwhatsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryoupaybycashorcreditcardinthisstore.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。易错警示当it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末时，用if或whether引导均可，但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接ornot时，只能用whether。考点四：同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，位于该名词之后，用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词：advice，conclusion，doubt，fact，hope，idea，news，promise，question，suggestion，thought，truth，wish，word等。引导同位语从句的引导词：that，whether，how，where，when，why等。Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。易错警示that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that引导定语从句时，that既起引导词的作用，又在从句中充当句子成分；如果在从句中作宾语that还可以省略，所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，不能省略。考点五：连词whether和if在名词性从句中的使用1.用whether或if均可的情况(1)whether可引导各种名词性从句。引导大部分动词后的宾语从句时，两者均可。(2)it作形式主语，且主语从句在句末时，两者均可引导主语从句。Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhether/ifweshallstudyabroad.2.用whether而不用if的情况(1)主语从句和宾语从句置于句首Whetherwewillgocampingdependsontheweather.Whetherhewillsucceed,Ican’tsay.(2)引导表语从句和同位语从句Thequestioniswhetherwecangetintouchwithhim.Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherhewillattendthemeeting.(3)引导介词的宾语从句Everythingdependsonwhetherwehavefreetime.(4)引导词与ornot连用Hedoesn’tknowwhetherornotheisgoingtostay.(5)引导词后接todoTheyneededmoretimetoconsiderwhethertoholdameeting.(6)有些动词如discuss,decide等后的宾语从句Wediscussedwhetherweshouldholdameeting.(7)避免用if引导产生歧义Letmeknowwhetheryouarecomingtoourparty.（2024年杨浦区二模）____10____airpollutionwasthemuseforoneofmodernhistory’sgreatestartistsmightbetrue.（2024年长宁区二模）Thishasraisedsomeinterestingquestionsaboutthemodernfamilysystem.Whileitistruethatparentsshouldnotbetoolenientwithchildrenbylettingthemdo___6___theywant,ortooover-protectivebyshelteringthemfromtherealitiesoflife,itisalsotruethattheyshouldnotbetoostrict.（2024年徐汇区二模）Heremembers____29____whenhewantedtotakeabath,hehadtoheatthewaterupwithfirewoodandthentransportthewaterinabuckettothebathtub.（2024年松江区二模）___2___thistrendsuggestsisthatpeople’sshifttoremoteworkcontributestotheslowreboundoftheseniorhousingmarket.Thatis,remoteworkiskeepingmanyolder（2023·上海静安·统考二模）Theconcernisthatsciencehasnotquiteworkedout____9____therelationshipbetweenbodyandmindworks.（2023·上海浦东新·统考二模）HerdesignincludestheSelfGrowingFarm,andshedetails___17___itwouldworkwithelementsonMars.（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）Sometimesunknownspeciesareoftenlivingrightunderournoses—inparks,gardensandeveninplantersonbalconies.That’s___25___researchersinJapanrecentlyrecognizedthisnewspeciesoforchid.（2023·上海松江·统考二模）Andofcourse,___48___worksforyouwilldependonyourcurrentphysicalstate.（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）Theyratedtheflavor,color,appearance,andtasteoftheproducetosee___57___thelaborovertheirgreensprovedfruitfulasasupplementtoprepackagedspacefood.（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）Itisauniversalcodewithdifferentmarkstohelpwiththemeaningof____61____isbeingwritten.Agoodwritercancreateemotionswithjustwordsandsentences,_____71_____that’sfear,wonderorjoy.（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）Itturnsoutthatthismaybe____93____ourbrainsremembersounddifferentlythanothertypesofsenses.Inthefirstexperiment,studentswereaskedtorecall____100____variousstimuli(刺激物)werethesameordifferentafterasetperiodoftime.（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）Hansays.“Itissimilartothefoam(泡沫)ontopofacupofcoffee,except____itismadeoftearatherthanmilk.”（2023·上海宝山·统考模拟预测）It’snosurprise___24___theycantheyupwellintothenight.语法单句填空练习（名词性从句）1．youdecideuponwillnotinfluenceme,forIamnotinvolvedinyourproject.（用适当的词填空）2．Itisoftenthecaseanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohopes.（用适当的词填空）3．mattersthatweekisthateveryoneishavingagreattime.(用适当的词填空)4．Wehaveofferedhimtheposition,butIdon’thavetheslightestideahewillacceptit.（用适当的词填空）5．Thequestionoccurredtomeweshouldgotogetthecarrepaired.Wewereinthemiddleoftheforestatthattime.（用适当的词填空）6．Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoonthemeetingwouldbepostponed.（用适当的词填空）7．WhatIwanttoknowisyouplantodressintoattendtheChristmasparty.（用适当的词填空）8．I’mafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichisheneverfinishesanything.(用适当的词填空)9．Richardswimsthreetimesaweekafterwork.Thisishekeepsfit.（用适当的词填空）10．Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.11．Themanagerhasdecidedtoputhethinksisenergeticandcleverinthepositionoftheleadershipofthecompany.12．Throughhisfascinationwithpeoplewerewearing,heopenedthedoorsoffashiontoeveryone.(用适当的词填空)13．Sheaskedthemeasureswouldbeabletorestorepublicconfidenceintheeconomy.(用适当的词填空)14．Wordcamefreesouvenirswouldbegiventowhoevercomesfirst.(用适当的词填空)15．Thereisstillsomedoubtthespringsportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschool.(用适当的词填空)16．Thereislittledoubtonedayacuretothatdiseasewillbefound.(用适当的词填空)17．Ihavenoidea

effectivemeasuresourschoolwilltaketostrengthenourlisteningskills.(用适当的词填空)18．mattersmostisnotwhatyouthinkbutwhatyoudotopavethewayforyourfuture.（用适当的词填空）19．theboymadesomuchprogressinashorttimesurprisedallofus.(用适当的词填空)20．breaksthelawwillsoonerorlaterbecaughtandpunished.(用适当的词填空)21．Itisnecessaryweyoungpeoplemasteraforeignlanguage.(用适当的词填空)22．Tooursurprise,wasonceasmallfishingvillagehasturnedintoamoderncity.(用适当的词填空)23．peopleinwesterncountriesthinkweMuslimwomenareoppressedandcontrolledbymeniswrong.(用适当的词填空)24．theydiscoverinsteadisaworkofartwithamuseuminside.Meiertooksomebasicmaterialsmetal,stoneandglass.(用适当的词填空)25．Itisuncertainsideeffectsthenewmedicinewillbringabout.(用适当的词填空)26．Itisuncertain

teamwillwininthefinalcontest.（用适当的词填空）27．HerconfusionissheshouldsticktoherownwayoflifeorfollowtheAmericanway.(用适当的词填空)28．Asimplerestaurantwasheusuallyhadthesamemealofsausages,eggsandcoffee.(用适当的词填空)29．IhavesentMissGreenaninvitationtoourparty,butIdon’thavetheslightestideashewillacceptit.(用适当的词填空)30．Shehadnoideashecouldpersuadeherhusbandtogiveupsmoking.(用适当的词填空)Translation（注意使用名词性从句）1.实现梦想之前，一个人要经历一段时间的艰难，这是常有的事。(That)2．我从未想过我校篮球队会在决赛中击败对手。(occur)3．毋庸置疑，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题，但令人欣慰的是，政府正采取有力措施来解决它。(deny)4．一听到他的哥哥在地震中幸存下来的消息，他忍不住大哭起来。（burst）5．让我松了一口气的是，这场英语考试终于结束了。不管分数是高是低，重要的是我完成啦！(relief)6．令我印象最深刻的是这位饱经风霜的生物学家始终直面每一个挑战。(take)7．新落成的学校拔地而起，已不是5年前的学校了，它配以现代化设施，为学生营造出良好的学习环境。(equip)8．尽管最近失败了好几次，但他并没有放弃追求梦想，因为他明白坚持不懈是取得成功的唯一关键。（despite）9．虽然玛丽声称她全身心地投入准备工作中，但实际上她根本没有重视这次演讲比赛。(dedicate，attach)10．谁能快速获得并准确分析目标客户的数据，谁就比对手有竞争优势，掌握先机，迅速脱颖而出。(Whoever)2022年秋考Anentrepreneurcandetermine(26)__________otherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedbyconductingacompetitiveanalysis.2022年春考Peopletravelthousandsofkilometerstoseetheaurora,andtheycanneverbesure(29)_______itwillhappen.But(30)_______________doseeitsaythattheywillneverforgetit.2021年春考Thiswillallowyoutosee(29)________genres（类型）workforyourgroup.2020年春考HunHunahpúshadhisheadcutoff;aforetasteof(25)_________wouldbecomecommonpracticeforplayersunfortunateenoughtoloseagame.Thestoryalsosupportstheidea(30)_________theballgamewassometimesusedforthepurposesofdivination.2019年秋考Natureisfullofwonders.In(21)__________isoneofthemostbreathtakingsightsinnature,millionsofbabyRidleyturtlesbrokeoutoftheireggshellsunderthesandatoneoftheirmassnestinggroundsincoastalOrissa.2018年秋考Whatwecansayisthatthisis(23)_______thebrainslooklikeofkidswhospendalotoftimeonscreens.Andit'snotjustonepattern.2018年春考Ihaveseen(25)______vigorouslytheygrowwithoutme.（2018年春考）在法庭上，他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。(guilty)（2017年秋考）有人声称这个减肥丸效果显著，立竿见影，且对身体无害。但事实远非如此。(It)（2020年1月·上海高考真题）TheBallGameofMesoamericaThesportknownsimplyastheBallGamewaspopularacrossMesoamericaandplayedbyallthemajorcivilizationsfromtheOlmecstotheAztecs.Theimpressivestonecourtsbecameastaplefeatureofacity’ssacredcomplexandtherewereoftenseveralplayingcourtsinasinglecity.