【英语】高三英语阅读理解(教育文化)技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析

【英语】高三英语阅读理解(教育文化)技巧(很有用)及练习题及解析一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类1．阅读理解

Theterm"crocodiletears"referstoinsinceresadness.Thistermhasanetymologydatingbackseveralcenturies.Asearlyasthefourthcentury,crocodiletearsarereferencedintheliteraturewiththemeaningofinsinceresorrow.Itissaidthatcrocodilesweepwhileeatingtheirhuntedanimalsbecausetheyaresad;however,thissadnessisnothonest.

Thetermcrocodiletearsbecamewidelypopularafteritwasdocumentedinafifteenth-centurybooktitledTheVoyageandTravelofSirJohnMandeville,Knight.Apassagefromthebookreads:"Thesecrocodileskillmenandtheyeatthemweeping."

Asyoumayalreadyknow,crocodilians(鳄目动物)likelyfeelbadaboutlittle—especiallyfeeding.However,theassumptionofthecrocodile-tearsmetaphormaybetrue.Ina2007paperpublishedinBioSciencetitled"CrocodileTears:Andtheyeatthemweeping",researchersobserved7crocodiliansincagesduringfeedingtimeatareserve(4caimansand3Americanalligators).Theresearchersobservedthecrocodiliansoutsideofwateratfeedingstationstobetterfindoutwhethertearingdeveloped.

Fiveofthe7crocodiliansdevelopedsomethingliketearsintheireyesbefore,duringorafterfeeding.Theresearcherssuggestthatthesecrocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhisses(发出嘶嘶声)whileiteats,andthishissingforcesairthroughthespacesinthebonebehindthenoseandouttheeye,intheprocesspickingupnasolacrimalsecretions(鼻泪管分泌物.)

Inhumans,crocodiletearsisamedicalconditionthatcausesapersontotearupwhileeating.Crocodiletearstypicallyoccurbecauseofatemporarylossoffacialcontrolduetodamageofthefacialnerve.Specifically,whenthefacialnervegrowsagain,itdoessoincorrectlythusresultingintearsduringchewingfood.（1）Theunderlinedword"etymology"inParagraph1refersto________.A.areferencebookcontainingarticlesonvarioustopicsB.theoriginandhistoryofaparticulartermC.aprintedsheetofpaperthatarcgivenfreetoadvertiseD.theapplicationandinfluenceofanewtheory（2）Theterm"crocodiletears"________.A.isamedicalconditionthatcausesacrocodiletotearupB.becamewidelypopularasearlyasthefourthcenturyC.referstopretendedsadnessD.provedtobeonlyanassumption（3）Fromthe2007paperpublishedinBioScience,wecanknowthat________.A.crocodiliansespeciallyfeelbadaboutfeedingB.notallthe7crocodiliansdevelopedtearingC.thecrocodilianswerecarefullyobservedinsidewaterD.crocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhissesafteriteats（4）Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.whattherealtruthisaboutcrocodiletearsB.whentheterm"crocodiletears"gotpopularinliteratureC.howresearchersmadetheexperimentoncrocodiliansD.whycrocodiletearstypicallyoccurinhumans【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过引用“鳄鱼的眼泪”这一说法的来源、发展以及相关实验来告诉读者“crocodiletears”的真实含义。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“datingbackseveralcenturies”追溯到几个世纪前；以及“Asearlyasthefourthcentury,crocodiletearsarereferencedintheliteraturewiththemeaningofinsinceresorrow.”早在公元4世纪，鳄鱼的眼泪在文学作品中的意思是假慈悲，可推知，etymology和一个词条的来源和发展相关。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Itissaidthatcrocodilesweepwhileeatingtheirhuntedanimalsbecausetheyaresad;however,thissadnessisnothonest.”是指假伤心，假慈悲。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Fiveofthe7crocodiliansdevelopedsomethingliketearsintheireyesbefore,duringorafterfeeding.”7只鳄鱼中，有5只在吃食之前，之中和之后流下了眼泪，可知，并非所有的鳄鱼在吃食时都会流泪。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据倒数第二段中的“Theresearcherssuggestthatthesecrocodiletearsoccurbecauseacrocodilianhisses(发出嘶嘶声)whileitcats,andthishissingforcesairthroughthespacesinthebonebehindthenoseandouttheeye,intheprocesspickingupnasolacrimalsecretions”研究人员发现这些鳄鱼的眼泪是因为它们在进食时发出的嘶嘶声，这种声音迫使空气通过鼻子背后的空间从眼睛出来，在这个过程中带出了鼻内管分泌物，可知，作者通过对“crocodiletears”这一词条的来源、发展以及相关实验来告诉读者有关“crocodiletears”的真实含义。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

NewJerseyMiddleSchoolMakesStudentsGoPhone-Free

AmiddleschoolinUnionCounty,NewJersey,isforcingitsstudentstostaydisconnectedinclass,byprohibitingcellphones.MaxsonMiddleSchoolPrincipalKevinStansburyputforwardthephonebanlastweekafterhenoticedsomemajorissuesintheschool."Ourtestscoresweredown,disciplinewasup,"hesays.Accordingtohim,studentsweretoofocusedontheirphonestopayattentiontotheirlessons.So,hepurchasedYondrpouchesfortheschool.

Yondrpouch

Whenstudentscomeintoclasseachmorning,theyplacetheirphonesinthepouch,whichisthenlockeduptight.Itcanonlybeopenedusingaspecialdeviceattheendoftheday.Thebanonmobiledevicesappliesnotjustduringclasstimebutduringbreaks,withtheonlyexceptionsbeingintimesofemergencyorincasesofstudentswhoneedsuchdevicestohelpwithdisabilities.

Eighth-graderswhospokewithNews12NewJerseysaythattheynoticedachangeinamatterofhours."It'sjustbetterforeveryonebecauseyou'llunderstandhowitfeelstogetmoreworkdoneinsteadofpayingattentiontothephone,"saysstudentCharleneV."I'musuallylisteningtomusic,buttodayIgottocommunicatewithallmyfriends,"saysstudentDesireeDuncan.

Theprogramwasoriginallymetwithresistancefromstudentsandparents,sotheprocesswasnotthatsmooth.Butteachersandadministratorssaythattheprogramwillhaveamajorimpact."Studentsweretalkingandlaughingandtherewerenocellphonesotherthanbeingcarriedinthepouches,"Stansburysays.

TeacherNiaCummingssayssheevennoticedstudentsbouncingideasoffeachotherinclass.Shesaysstudentsusedtogiveupquicklyandjustlookforanswersontheirphones.Shesaystheynowtrytofigureitoutthemselves."Everyoneissocializingandeatinglunchtogether.That'swhatIwasn'tseeingenoughofwhenphoneusagewasatitsworst,"sheadds.

MaxsonMiddleSchooliscurrentlytheonlyoneinthedistricttousethesepouches.KevinStansburyalsocalledonalltheschoolsinthecommunitythatit'sworthpayingcloseattentiontocellphoneissuesatsecondaryschoolsandtakingactionswhennecessary.（1）MaxsonMiddleSchoolputforwardthephonebanbecausestudents_____.A.weren'tfocusedonschoolworkB.werealwayslisteningtomusicC.usedphonestocheatonexamsD.stoppedtalkingwithothers（2）Whatdidthetwoeighth-graderstellthenewspaper?A.Oppositionfromstudents.B.Teamworkwithfriends.C.Dailyroutineatschool.D.Effectoftheprogram.（3）AccordingtoNiaCummings,whatchangehasthephonebanbrought?A.Studentsdiscussmoreinclass.B.Studentsfinishtheirworkontime.C.Studentsguesstheanswersthemselves.D.Studentscheckmessagesduringthebreak.（4）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthephoneban_____.A.hasbroughtlittlechangetoteachingandlearningB.hasgainedsupportfromeverystudentandparentC.mightbecarriedoutinotherschoolsinthecommunityD.mighthavegoodinfluenceonstudents'healthconditions【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新泽西高中实行“手机禁止”措施，以保证学生们正常的课业学习效率。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中“Accordingtohim,studentsweretoofocusedontheirphonestopayattentiontotheirlessons.”可知学生们太过于关注手机了以至于上课时无法专注，因此Maxson中学推行手机禁止计划是因为学生们无法专注学业。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Eighth-graderswhospokewithNews12NewJerseysaythattheynoticedachangeinamatterofhours.”可知两位八年级的同学告诉报社说，实施一段时间后他们注意到发生了改变，意在表明两位同学对报社表达了这个项目所带来的影响。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中“TeacherNiaCummingssayssheevennoticedstudentsbouncingideasoffeachotherinclass.”可知，NiaCummings老师甚至留意到了学生们在课堂上互相探讨想法，因此根据NiaCummings说的，禁止手使用机带来的好处是同学们在课堂上讨论的更多了。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“KevinStansburyalsocalledonalltheschoolsinthecommunitythatit'sworthpayingcloseattentiontocellphoneissuesatsecondaryschoolsandtakingactionswhennecessary.”可知，KevinStansbury号召本社区内的其他学校，手机使用的问题是值得关注的，有必要的时候可以采取措施。意在表明在社区内的其他学校也可能实施手机禁止的办法。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Askanynewcollegegraduateabouthisimmediategoals,anditislikelythathewilltellyouhewantsajob.Butitturnsoutthattoday'sstudentsarenotgoingtobesatisfiedwithanyjob.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,makingadifferencethroughtheirworkisessential(必要的)toyoungpeople'shappiness.

Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15-percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.

Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates,echoingtheresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.

Onereasonfortheemphasis(强调)onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.Studentsareusedtodiscussingimportantsocialissues(问题)withtheirfriendsandprofessors,anddoingsomethingabouttheminclassorthroughvolunteeractivities.Oncestudentsdevelopthosehabits,theydon'tshutthemoffwhengraduationrollsaround.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"echoing"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Learning.B.Repeating.C.Believing.D.Creating.（2）Whatisoneofthereasonsfortheemphasisonstudentswantingtoimprovetheworld?A.Thehabitsstudentsdevelopinsociety.B.Theappearanceofimportantsocialissues.C.Theencouragementofthecultureofcolleges.D.Theeffectparents'educationhasontheirchildren.（3）Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Youngpeoplewillsurelygainhappinessiftheycanmakeadifferenceintheirwork.B.Lessthanhalfofthecollegeseniorswilltakeapaycuttoworkwiththesamevalues.C.Mostcollegegraduatesbelieveitimportanttohaveapositivesocialinfluenceinwork.D.Femalegraduatesareallputtingmoresocialinfluenceinfirstplacethanmalegraduates.（4）Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FemaleStudentsAreConcernedaboutSocietyB.YoungPeople'sHappinessDoesn'tDependonMoneyC.GraduatesBecomeMoreInterestedinChallengingJobsD.ManyGraduatesWouldTakeaPayCuttoMakeaDifference【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了通过工作能有一个积极的社会影响对年轻人的幸福至关重要。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates，”除此之外，调查发现女生比男生更有可能把社会影响放在第一位；以及“theresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.”以前的一项研究结果显示，女性数学和科学专业的学生更有可能说她们进入这些领域是为了有所作为。可以推断出两项调查的结果是一致的。都说明了女性更愿意在工作中做出影响。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Onereasonfortheemphasis(强调)onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.”强调改善世界的一个原因可能与大学文化有关，大学文化鼓励学生将他们的学习与现实世界的问题联系起来。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.”调查发现，72%的大学毕业生认为通过工作产生积极的社会影响对他们的幸福至关重要。可以得出结论：多数的毕业生都认可工作产生的社会影响对他们而言是重要的。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。通过第一段的调查结论得出：对年轻人的幸福，通过工作改变世界是至关重要的。所以，文章主要阐述年轻人的幸福取决于在工作中改变世界（makeadifference）,结合第二段中的“Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15-percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.”对他们来说，做出改变是如此重要，以至于45%的人说他们愿意接受15%的减薪去一个对社会或环境有影响的组织工作，58%的人说他们愿意接受减薪去一个与他们价值观相同的组织工作。可以看出,减薪是makeadifference的重要性。综上所述，选项D：ManyGraduatesWouldTakeaPayCuttoMakeaDifference和文章的主旨是一致的。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Parentsdonotowe(欠)theirchildrenacollegeeducation.Iftheycanaffordit,theycancertainlysendthemtoagooduniversity.Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.Whenchildrengrowupandwanttogetmarried,theirparentsdonotowethemanapartment.Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.

Doparentsowetheirchildrenanything?Yes,theyowethemagreatdeal.Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.Childrenwhoarealwaysmadetofeelstupidandunworthy,constantlycomparedwithbrighterbrothers,sisters,orcousinswillbecomesounsure,soafraidoffailingthattheywon'ttryatall.Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.Alltheirparentsshoulddoistotrustthem,respectthem,understandthemandgivethemchancestotryandfail.Theymustlearntostandfailure.Whencriticisms(批评)arereallyneeded,theyshouldbebalancedwithasmileandakiss.Thatisthewaychildrenlearn.

Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.Thismeansteachingthemtorespecttherightsandopinionsofothers;itmeansbeingrespectfultoelders,toteachers,andtothelaw.Thebestwaytoteachsuchvaluesisbydeed.Achildwhoisliedtowilllie.Achildwhoseesnolaughterandnoloveinthehomewillhavedifficultylaughingandloving.Nochildaskstobeborn.Ifyoubringalifeintotheworld,youowethechildsomething.（1）Theauthorthinksparents________.A.shouldsendtheirchildrentocollegeB.shouldsupporttheirchildrenaftertheygetmarriedC.needtobuyanapartmentfortheirchildrenD.needn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan'tsendtheirchildrentouniversities（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"obligation"inParagraph1mean?A.Right.B.Promise.C.Duty.D.Excuse.（3）Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldparentsdowhenchildrenmakemistakes?A.Understandthemandtellthemnottodothatagain.B.Letthemlearnthemistakesbythemselvesintime.C.Comparethemwithbrighterbrothersorsisters.D.Correcttheirmistakesimmediately.（4）Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?A.Thedutiesofparents.B.Thebestwaytoteachchildren.C.Thereasonwhychildrenfeelstupidandunworthy.D.Thereasonwhyparentsowetheirchildrensomething.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，就父母对子女真正的责任是什么进行论述，总结出父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.”父母不欠子女大学教育如果他们承担不起大学教育，也不必感到内疚，可知，作者认为，如果父母不能送子女上大学，也不必感到内疚。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.”如果他们想这样做，就必须把它看作一种恩惠，而不是义务，这一句中的“favor”意为“恩惠、帮忙”相反意思应为“义务、责任”，所以可以判断“obligation”应是“义务”之意，同时“obligation”和前一句“Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.”他们也没有义务照顾孙子孙女，这一句里的“duty”是近义词，属于词义重现用法。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.”当然，如果孩子做错了，他们应该得到适当的纠正，但是最好是让孩子们自己及时地知道他们的错误，可知，当孩子犯错时，父母应该让孩子自己及时了解错误。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...”从父母送子女上大学，帮忙买房子或照看孙辈等琐事引入主题，说明这些并不是父母真正的职责；以及第三段中的“Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.”他们的义务之一是给孩子们个人的价值和最后一段中的“Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.”父母有义务为孩子建立一套坚实的价值观，并以此来构建他们的生活。可知，父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责，所以文章主要讲父母的职责。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Stepinachasbecomeoneofthefirsthighschoolsinthecountrytodropalltextbooksandreplacethemwitha"digitallibrary".WhenstudentsstartedclassesonMonday,theywerezippingtoanappontheirtabletsorlaptopsandbadinstantaccesstoall40textsintheStepinaccurriculum(课程).

DennisLauro,directorofaninformationcenterwhichprovidestechnicalsupporttopublicschoolsinNewYork,saidneitherhenorhiscolleagueswereawareofasimilardigitaleffortinapublicschoolsetting."Thisisthewaveofthefuture."Laurosaid."I'mnotsurprisedthataprivateschoolwouldbeatthepublicschoolstoit.Theyhavetheabilitytojustdoit.Thereissomuchpoliticsinvolvedinpublicschools,whenitcomestoamovelikethat,needingapprovalfromboardsandcommittees."

ForTomCollins,Stepinac'spresident,thecommitmenttodigitalsourcematerialwasnotsodifficultadecision.Inthepast,students'familieshadtospendupto$700ayearontextbooks.Thisyear—aftertheone-timepurchaseofatabletorlaptop—familiesonlyneedtopay$150.Usingthedigitallibraryisalmostaseasyasopeninganewbook.AstudentcaninstantlylapintoadigitalbookandopenamapofEgyptoraspeechbyPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Ateachercanshowapagefromadigitalbookonawhiteboardatthefrontoftheclassorsendstudentsalinktoaparticularmathproblemwithnotesaddedin.

Thefirstfewweeksmaybringsomechallenges.Stepinacofficialsexpectsomeparentaldiscomfortoverdroppingconcretebooks.Theyrecognizetheremaybetechnicalfaultsatfirst.Andtheywillhavetoencouragestudentstoleavespace-eatingphotosandmusicofftheirtablets—andtokeeptheirtabletscharged.（1）WhatisgoingoninStepinac?A.

It'sbuildinganewlibrary.

B.

It'sreformingitstextbooks.C.

It'supdatingitsdigitalresources.

D.

It'schangingitsmanagementpattern.（2）Bysayingtheunderlinedsentence.Laurobelieves

.A.

publicschoolsfacegreatchallenges

B.

privateschoolshavetheiradvantagesC.

theeffortistocauseinstantchanges

D.

it'satrendforschoolstogodigital（3）WhomayworryaboutthemoveinStepinac?A.

Officials.

B.

Technicians.

C.

Parents.

D.

Teachers.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了Stepinac是第一个放弃了传统意义上的教科书，改用数字图书馆的学校。这是未来学校向数字化发展的一种趋势，但是家长们对这一进程心存疑虑。（1）细节理解题。由第一段Stepinachasbecomeoneofthefirsthighschoolsinthecountrytodropalltextbooksandreplacethemwitha"digitallibrary"可知Stepinac把textbook变成了digital

library，应该是改革了教科书，故选B。（2）推理判断题。由第二段

Laurosaid."I'mnotsurprisedthataprivateschoolwouldbeatthepublicschoolstoit.Theyhavetheabilitytojustdoit.Thereissomuchpoliticsinvolvedinpublicschools,whenitcomestoamovelikethat,needingapprovalfromboardsandcommittees.可知Lauro认为在学校发展数字化并不是一件令人吃惊的事，私立学校在政策决定上比公立学校更有优势，如果在公立学校推行，需要得到很多人的同意。从中可以看出Lauro认为未来学校向数字化发展是一种趋势，故选D。（3）细节理解题。由最后一段Thefirstfewweeksmaybringsomechallenges.Stepinacofficialsexpectsomeparentaldiscomfortoverdroppingconcretebooks.可知在Stepinac，父母们对这一进程很担心，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。考涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。6．阅读理解

Mobilephonesshouldbekeptfromclassrooms,theUKministerforschoolshassaid.NickGibbsaidhehadconcernsabouttheeffectthatthephonewashavingonchildren,andalsosaidtheGovernmentshouldintroducelessonsforpupilsonhowtolimittheirscreentime.

MrGibbsaid,"Schoolsobviouslyarefreetosettheirownbehaviourpoliciesbutmyownviewisthatschoolsshouldban(禁止)mobiletelephonesandsmartphonesinsideschool,andparticularlyinsideclassrooms.Ibelieveverystronglythatchildrenshouldbelimitingtheirownuseathome.Everyhourspentonlineandonasmartphoneisanhourlesstalkingtofamily,andit'sanhourlessexerciseandit'sanhourlesssleep.Andofcourseitisalackofsleepthatresearchisshowingcanhaveadamagingeffectonachild'smentalhealth.”

Theparentsaretoldthatchildrenwillbeaskedtobreakoffatleasteverytwohoursandavoidsocialmediabeforebedtime.TheUKwouldbefollowinginthefootstepsofEuropeancountriesifschoolsweretointroduceaban.withFrenchpupilsbeingtoldtoleavetheirsmartphonesathomewhentheyreturnedfromtheirsummerholidayslastyear.

AttheFestivalofEducationatWellingtonCollegelastsummer,ProfessorMichaelfromAmericasaidthatanysensibleheadwouldbanmobilephones."It'sfartoodistractingforchildrenhavingmobilephones.Texting,playinggames,allthistakesplace.Mobilephonesgooffinclassrooms,disruptinglessons.Banthem.Ifchildrenwanttouseaphoneinanemergencytheycanusetheschoolphone."（1）What'sNickGibb'sattitudetowardsusingmobilephoneinschool?A.Cautious.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Disapproving.（2）Whatisonepossibleresultofspendingtoomuchtimeonlineaccordingtothetext?A.Anhourlessexerciseaweek.B.Moreeffectsonsleepquality.C.Lesscommunicationwithfamily.D.Animprovementinmentalhealth.（3）Whichcountryhasaskedstudentstoleavetheirphonesathome?A.UK.B.NewZealand.C.USAD.France.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.MobilePhonescausebadeffectsonourstudy.B.Mobilephonesshouldbebannedfromclassrooms.C.Parentsshouldforbidtheirkidstousemobilephones.D.Studentscanusemobilephonesincaseofemergency.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在英国，一些孩子带手机进入课堂，这严重影响了孩子在课堂上的学习效果，因此教育大臣呼吁要禁止手机进入学校。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mobilephonesshouldbekeptfromclassrooms,theUKministerforschoolshassaid.”可知，英国教育大臣表示，手机应远离教室。因此，NickGibb不赞成学生在学校使用手机。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Everyhourspentonlineandonasmartphoneisanhourlesstalkingtofamily”可知，在网上和在智能手机上花费的每一小时意味着与家人交谈减少了一个小时，根据课文内容，上网时间过长可能会导致减少与家人的交流。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“TheUKwouldbefollowinginthefootstepsofEuropeancountriesifschoolsweretointroduceabanwithFrenchpupilsbeingtoldtoleavetheirsmartphonesathomewhentheyreturnedfromtheirsummerholidayslastyear.”可知，法国学生在去年暑假结束后返校时，被告知将智能手机留在家中。故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Mobilephonesshouldbekeptfromclassrooms,theUKministerforschoolshassaid.NickGibbsaidhehadconcernsabouttheeffectthatthephonewashavingonchildren,andalsosaidtheGovernmentshouldintroducelessonsforpupilsonhowtolimittheirscreentime.”可知，英国教育大臣表示，手机应远离教室。手机会给孩子带来不良影响，并说政府应该引进课程来限制学生上网看手机的时间，因此文章的主要内容是“应该禁止学生在教室里使用手机”。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

TraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)isgainingglobalpopularity.Accordingtoagovernmentwhitepaper,TCMhasbeenintroducedin183countriesandregionsaroundtheworld.

Westerners'understandingofTCM,however,maybelimitedtoacupundure，cuppingandmassage(针灸，拔罐和按摩).Forinstance,thepurple,injury-likemarksleftonUS.swimmerMichaelPhelps'backfromcuppingforthepurposeofrelaxinghismusclesandreducingpainbecamethecenterofattentionduringtheRioOlympicsin2016.

Asamatteroffact,ChineseherbsplayamoreimportantroleingettingridofdiseasesandkeepingthebodyingoodconditionintheTCMtreatmentsystemthanphysicaltreatment.Itisthereforedishearteningtoknowthat-while103WorldHealthOrganizationmembercountrieshavegivenapprovaltothepracticeofacupuncture，notmanyrecognizeChineseherbalmedicineTCMfallsfarbehindWesternmedicineowingpartlytotheslowdevelopmentofChineseherbs.

Herbs,aremadeintopills,powderandsoup,andthekindofherbsuscd1theirqualityandquantity,andtheprocessingoftheingredientsjointlydeterminetheeffectivenessoftheprescription.ComparedwithWesternmedicine,whichhasstandardizeddrugproductionprocessesandtreatmentmethods,TCMlacksstandardization,withthechemicalcompositionandfunctionsofitsmedicinesbeingunclearandtheireffectsbeingunstable.Fortunately,standardizationhasimprovedinrecentdecades,withanincreasingnumberoffactoriesproducingpatentedTCMdrugs.

AnotherfactorthathaspreventedthedevelopmentofTCMprescriptiondrugsisthelackofcreativity,WhileWesternmedicine-makingcompaniescomeupwithnewproductseveryyear,TCMdrugproducerstendtomakemedicinesaccordingtoprescriptionshandeddownfromthepast.ChinesechemistTuYouyour'swinningthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineforherresearchintomalaria(疟疾）treatmentmaydrivecreativitytosomeextentinChina'sTCMindustry.However,thecurrentstateofaffairscannotbechangedwithinashorttime.（1）TheauthormentionstheexampleofMichaelPhelpsinordertoshow

.A.hewasinjuredinhisswimming.B.cuppingisakindofimportantTCMtreatment.C.westernersknowalittleaboutTCM.D.westernersattachgreatimportancetoTCM.（2）Whydon'tsomemembercountriesofWIIOrecognizeChineseherbalmedicine?A.BecauseChineseherbscangetridofdiseasesB.BecausetheyonlyapprovethepracticeofacupunctureC.Becausewesternmedicine15moreeffectiveD.BecausemedicinemadeoutorChineseherbsdevelopsslowly（3）ComparedwithWesternmedicine,whatisthemainweakpointofTCM?A.Themethodsofprocessingherbs.B.Theeffectivenessofprescription.C.Lackinginstandardization.D.Itsunstablefunctions.（4）ThelackofcreativityinTCMreferstothefactthat

.A.medicine-makingcompanieslackcreativity.B.prescriptionsaregotfromthepast.C.Westerncompaniesaremoreexperienced.D.medicine-makingcompanieslackdrivingforce【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了传统中医的特点。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Westerners'understandingofTCM,however,maybelimitedto

acupundure，cuppingandmassage.”可知，举菲尔普斯的例子就是为了证明西方人对传统中医有一些了解，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“notmanyrecognizeChineseherbalmedicineTCMfallsfarbehindWesternmedicineowingpartlytotheslowdevelopmentofChineseherbs.”可知，有一些WHO的成员国不承认中国的草药是因为用中草药制成的药物治疗效果缓慢，故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“ComparedwithWesternmedicine,whichhasstandardizeddrugproductionprocessesandtreatmentmethods,TCMlacksstandardization”可知，与西医相比，中医的缺点是缺乏标准化，故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“WhileWesternmedi