高中英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)

高中英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedplasticplates?Nexttime,whynottrysomeedibleones?You'llhelptheenvironmentandyourguestswon'tgohungry."Iusedtoworkinschoolcateringandsawalotofmoneybeingthrownaway.Ithoughtthatwascriminal,soIdecidedtodosomethingaboutit,"saidItalianschoolchefTizianoVicentini.

Now,Vicentinihasanamazingrangeofedibleplatesforschools.Theplatesaremadeoutofbreaddough,soyoucaneatthemafterwards."Thesedishescostafewpennieseachandareeithereatenbythekids,orgointorecyclingbinsforanimalfood,"explainedVicentini,50,ofMilan.Butnowothercompaniesaredevelopingedibleplates,too.TheEdible-PlateCompanyoffersedibleplates,bowls,traysandcups.Theirproductsareenvironmentally-friendly,100%biodegradableandcanbeusedforalltypesofcateringandhomeuse.Andthey'remadefromanaturalplant.Afteruse,theycanbefedtoanimalsorlefttodegradenaturally.

Theyalsohavearangeofcutlery（餐具）madefromcornandpotatostarch（淀粉）.Theseplateswillalsohelpreducetheamountofplastic;wecreate.Wastefromplasticcausesalotofdamagetotheenvironment,aswellascostinggovernmentsmillionsmwastemanagement.Plasticbagsoftenendupinlandfillsitesoronthestreet.Andtheburningofplasticwastecausestoxicgasesthatpollutetheair.Inresponsetothis,governmentsaroundtheworldareintroducingtoughrecyclingregulations.Andmanyshopsareofferingbiodegradableplasticbagsandeco-safepackagingontheirproducts.Tohelpmatters,theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization(theISO)hasalsodevelopedasystemtoevaluatethebiodegradabilityofproducts,withacertificationandlogoscheme,Meanwhile,howaboutaniceplateforlunch?（1）Whichofthefollowingisnottheadvantageofedibleplates?A.

Theyareexpensive.

B.

Theycandegradenaturally.C.

Theyareenvironmentally-friendly.

D.

Theyaremadefromnaturalplant.（2）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.

TizianoisfromGermany.

B.

Edibleplatesareonlyusedforschoolcatering.C.

Cornandpotatostarchcanbeusedtomakecutlery.

D.

TheEdiblePlateCompanydoesn'tproduceediblebowls.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"referto?A.

Theairpollution.

B.

Theediblecutlery.C.

Thetoxicgasescausedbytheburningofplastic.

D.

Thedamagetotheenvironmentcausedbyplasticwaste.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.

Themeasurestostopthepollution.

B.

Thewaystoreducetheplasticwaste.C.

Howtomakeedibleplatesfromnaturalplants..

D.

Theplatesolutiontoeatingandenvironmentalproblem.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了饮食和环境的问题，并且提出了相应的解决方法。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Theirproductsareenvironmentally-friendly,100%biodegradableandcanbeusedforalltypesofcateringandhomeuse.Andthey'remadefromanaturalplant.Afteruse,theycanbefedtoanimalsorlefttodegradenaturally.”可知，“昂贵”不是edibleplates的优势。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Theyalsohavearangeofcutlery（餐具）madefromcornandpotatostarch（淀粉）．”可知，玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故选C。（3）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“Wastefromplasticcausesalotofdamagetotheenvironment,aswellascostinggovernmentsmillionsmwastemanagement.Plasticbagsoftenendupinlandfillsitesoronthestreet.Andtheburningofplasticwastecausestoxicgasesthatpollutetheair.Inresponsetothis,governmentsaroundtheworldareintroducingtoughrecyclingregulations.”塑料垃圾对环境造成了很大的破坏，同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街道上。而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。作为对此的回应，世界各国政府正在出台严格的回收法规。由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾对环境造成的破坏。”故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedplasticplates?Nexttime,whynottrysomeedibleones?You'llhelptheenvironmentandyourguestswon'tgohungry."可知，本文讲述的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Lastweek,VodafonestartedatestoftheUK'sfirstfull5Gservice,availableforusebybusinessesinSalford.ItispartofitsplantotrialthetechnologyinsevenUKcities.Butwhatcanweexpectfromthenextgenerationofmobiletechnology?

Onethingwewillseeinthepreparationforthetestislotsoftrickswiththenewtech.Earlierthisyear,operatorspaidalmost£1.4billionforthe5Gwavelengths,andtocompensateforthatcash,theywillneedtocatchtheeyeofconsumers.InSeptember,VodafoneuseditsbitoftherangetodisplaytheUK'sfirsthologram(全息)call.TheManchesterCitycaptainStephHoughtonappearedasaholograminNewbury.Itisn'tallholograms,however:5Gwillofferfasterinternetaccess,withOfcom(英国通讯管理局)suggestingthatvideothattakesaminutetodownloadon4Gwillbeavailableinjustasecond.

Thewiderapplicationistosupportconnectedequipmentonthe"internetofthings"-notjusttheinternet-enabledfridgethatcanreorderyourmilkforyou,butthenetworkthatwillenabledriverlesscarsanddeliverydrones(无人机)tocommunicatewitheachother.

ProfWilliamWebbhaswarnedthatthetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes.Muchofthespeedincrease,heclaims,couldhavebeenachievedbyputtingmoremoneyinthe4Gnetwork,ratherthananewtechnology.

OtherdifferentvoiceshavesuggestedthatafocusonrollingoutwiderruralbroadbandaccessandaddressingcurrentnetworkcoveragewouldbemorebeneficialtotheUKasawhole.

Obviously,5Gwillalsobringacosttoconsumers.Itrequiresahandsetforboth5Gand4G,andthefirst5G-enabledsmartphonesareexpectedinthecomingyear.Withtheslowpaceofnetworkrolloutsofar,itislikelythatconsumerswillendupupgradingtoanew5Gphonewellbefore5Gbecomeswidelyavailableinthenextcoupleofyears.（1）WhydoesProfWilliamWebbsay"thetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes"?A.

Heisinfavoroftheapplicationofthenewtechnology.B.

5Gwillbringacosttoconsumersintheirdailylife.C.

5Ghelpspeoplecommunicatebetterwitheachother.D.

Heprefersmoremoneytobespenton4Gnetworks.（2）Theunderlinedword"addressing"inthefourthparagraphhastheclosestmeaningto________.A.

makingaspeechto

B.

tryingtosolve

C.

managingtodecrease

D.

respondingto（3）Thelastparagraphindicatesthat

.A.

it'lltakeseveralyears.tomake5GaccessibletothepublicintheUKB.

5GserviceshowshugedevelopmentpotentialandabroadmarketC.

customersareeagertouse5Gsmartphonesinsteadof4GonesD.

it'sprobablethat5GnetworkrolloutisspeedingupinBritain（4）Whatdoweknowaboutthetext?A.

Vodafoneissuccessfulinspreadingthe5Gservice.B.

StephHoughtonappearedasahologramby4G.C.

Theapplicationof5Gwillmakelifemucheasier.D.

5GphonesareavailableinruralareasoftheUK.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是4G向5G的转变。5G会给人们带来更多的好处，使人们的生活更加舒适。（1）细节理解题。根据第四段中ProfWilliamWebbhaswarnedthatthetechnologycouldbeacaseoftheemperor'snewclothes.Muchofthespeedincrease,heclaims,couldhavebeenachievedbyputtingmoremoneyinthe4Gnetwork,ratherthananewtechnology.可知，ProfWilliamWebb说“这项技术可能是皇帝新衣的一个例子”是因为他更愿意把更多的钱花在4G网络上。故选D。（2）词义猜测题。根据第四段中OtherdifferentvoiceshavesuggestedthatafocusonrollingoutwiderruralbroadbandaccessandaddressingcurrentnetworkcoveragewouldbemorebeneficialtotheUKasawhole.“其他不同的声音表示，集中精力推广更广泛的农村宽带接入，解决目前的网络覆盖问题，将对整个英国更有利。”由此推知划线词的意思是“试图解决”。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Withtheslowpaceofnetworkrolloutsofar,itislikelythatconsumerswillendupupgradingtoanew5Gphonewellbefore5Gbecomeswidelyavailableinthenextcoupleofyears.可知，最后一段指出，让5G在英国向公众开放需要几年的时间。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据第二段中5Gwillofferfasterinternetaccess,withOfcom(英国通讯管理局)suggestingthatvideothattakesaminutetodownloadon4Gwillbeavailableinjustasecond.可知，5G的应用将使生活变得更容易。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

ButterflyGarden(PermanentExhibit)

Walkamongthefree-flyingresidentsofthiswarmconservatory.ItisawonderfulopportunitytogetclosetoavarietyoflivingbutterfliesfromNewEnglandandacrosstheglobe.The"EmergenceBox"offersawindowintothebutterflybehavior.Lookinsidetoseehangingchrysalids(蝶蛹)transformintoadultbutterflies.Ticketsarerequiredandvisitorsshouldreserveatleasttwoweeksinadvance.

ABird'sWorld(PermanentExhibit)

ThisexhibitfeaturestheMuseum'sextraordinarycollectionofbirds,displayingover300speciesfoundinNewEngland.Here,youcanlearntointerpretthebirdlanguagetakingplacejustoutsideyourwindowathome.

Testyourobservationskillsandseeifyoucangetpastdifferentbirdswithoutthemalerting(发信号)otheranimalstoyourpresence

Learntoidentifybirdsfromadistancebyrecognizinguniqueflightpatterns.PracticeyourflyingtechniqueintheBirdWalk.

HallofHumanLife(PermanentExhibit)

Shouldyouhaveyourbaby'sDNAsequenced?Whatkeepsyouawake?StepinsidetheHallofHumanLife,theMuseum'snewbiologyexhibition,andencountersuchfar-reachingquestionsonanamazingjourneyinsidethehumanbody.Throughdigitalmediaandpersonalinteraction,youbecome"partofthestory',asyoucontributeyourowndatainaprocessoflearninganddiscovery.

BODYWORLDS&TheCycleofLife(TemporaryExhibitNowOpen!)

BODYWORLDScomestotheMuseumofSciencewithanewchapter,GunthervonHagens'BODYWORLDS&TheCycleofLife.Don'tmissthistrulyuniqueopportunitytolookwithinyourselfandgainawholenewperspectiveonwhatitmeanstobealive.Morethanonehundredpreservedhumanspecimensrevealthewondersofhumandevelopmentandshowhowpoorhealth,goodhealth,andlifestylechoicescanshapeyourbody.（1）Whichexhibitdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.ButterflyGardenB.ABird'sWorldC.HallofHumanLifeD.BODYWORLDS&TheCycleofLife（2）WhatcanyoudoinABird'sWorld?A.Improveyourownflyingtechnique.B.Communicatewithbirdsinbodylanguage.C.Watchdigitalmediashowingbirds'history.D.Seedifferentbirdsfromallovertheworld.（3）WhatisspecialaboutBODYWORLDS&TheCycleofLife?A.Itisrelatedtohumanbody.B.Itlastsforonlyalimitedtime.C.Itisthemostvisitedexhibitionintheworld.D.Ithassomethingtodowiththegrowthoflife.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了波士顿科技馆的四个展览的相关信息。（1）考查细节理解。根据ButterflyCarden部分中的“Ticketsarerequiredandvisitorsshouldreserveatleasttwoweeksinadvance.”游客必须购票，并至少提前两周预订。可知，参现ButterflyGarden需要提前预订。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据ABird'sWorld部分中的“PracticeyourflyingtechniqueintheBirdWalk.”在BirdWalk中练习你的飞行技巧。可知，游客在BirdWalk活动中提高自己的飞行技能。故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据BODYWORIDS&TheCycleoflife部分中的“TemporaryExhibitNowOpen!”临时展览现在开始！可知，BODYWORLDS&TheCycleofLife这个展览不是永久性的，而是临时的。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Ifconditionsgetbadenough,almostanykindofweathercanbecomeastorm.Stormyweathercancausepeopletocanceltheirplans.Itcancausemajoreventstobepostponed.Andseverestormyweathercanbedangeroustopeople,fortuneandanima1.

Ifyouweatherthestorm,orrideoutthestorm,yousurviveandmoveonwithoutharmorinjury.Forexample,1et'stalkaboutTornadoAlley,thenameforpartofthecentralUnitedStates.Duringspringtime,thisareaoftenhasalargenumberofpowerfultornadoes.Peoplewholivetherearetaughttoshelterinthesafestplacetheycanfindandwaitforthestormtopass.PeoplewholiveinTornadoAlleyareusedtoweatheringmanystorms!

Youcanalsoweatherastorm,butitdoesn'tinvolveactualweather.“Toweatherthestorm”canalsomeantomakeitthroughadifficultexperienceortryingtimes.So,ifthestockmarket(股市)crashes,youmighthavetoweatherafinancialstorm.

Oftenbeforeabigstorm,conditionsarecalm.Thecalmbeforethestormcanhappenanytime.Itisthetimebeforesomethingbadhappens.Forexample,atthebeginningofafamilyreunion,theadultswerealltalkinghappily.Buttheolderchildrenknewitwasjustthecalmbeforethestorm.They'veseenithappenbefore.Theadultstalkhappilyforaboutanhour.Thentheystartarguingabouteventsfromthepast—thingsthatshouldreallystayburied!

Butafterthestormbeginsandyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofit,youareintheeyeofthestorm.Intheworldofweather,theeyeofthestormisthecalmestpart,inthecenterofahurricane,forexample.However,intheEnglishlanguage,ifyouareintheeyeofthestorm,youareinthemostintensepartofaconflict.Forexample,shehadnoideathatwalkingintothemeetingwouldputherintheeyeofthestorm.

However,abrainstormdoesnotexistintheworldofweather.Tobrainstormmeanstotrytosolveaproblembytalkingwithotherpeople.Anddon'tworry.Ifwehavetroublethinkingofanideaforthenextprogram,wecanalwaysbrainstormwithyou!（1）What'smainlydiscussedinthe3rdand4thparagraphs?A.

Whatthemeaningsofweatheringthestormare.B.

Howwecanweatherthestorm.C.

Weatheringastormdoesn'tinvolveactualweather.D.

PeopleinTornadoAlleycansurvivethestorm.（2）Whydoestheauthormentionafamilyreunioninthefifthparagraph?A.

Tostresstheimportanceofweatherforecast.B.

Todeveloptheawarenessoffamily.C.

Toexplainthemeaningofanexpression.D.

Topraisetheolderchildrenforbeingclever.（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.

Aproblemcan'tbesolvedifyouworrytoomuch.B.

Abrainstormoftenappearsintheworldofweather.C.

Difficultiescanbedealtwithbyteamwork.D.

Tobrainstormcancausetroublesintheprogram.（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.

Totellusstormyweathercancausedestruction.B.

Totellussomeexpressionsaboutstorm.C.

Totellusastormcancauseconflicts.D.

Totellusweshouldbereadyforastorm.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个英语中与“风暴”有关的表达。（1）段落大意题。第三段第一句“Ifyouweatherthestorm，orrideoutthestorm，yousurviveandmoveonwithoutharmorinjury.”可知本段讲述weatherthestorm或者rideoutthestorm指安全度过；和第四段最后一句“Toweatherthestormcanalsomeantomakeitthroughadifficultexperienceortryingtimes.可知第四段讲述Toweatherthestorm指度过难关。故可知第三四段主要讲述weatherthestorm的意义是什么。故选A。（2）推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“Thecalmbeforethestormcanhappenanytime.Itisthetimebeforesomethingbadhappens.”可知暴风雨前的宁静任何事都可能发生，这是一段某些不好的事情将要发生的时间。接着作者用家庭聚会作为例子来解释这一种说法的含义，故选C。（3）推理判断题。最后一段第二句“Tobrainstormmeanstotrytosolveaproblembytalkingwithotherpeople.”可知头脑风暴的意思是尝试通过与他人交流来解决一个问题，即困难可以通过团队合作来解决，故选C。（4）主旨大意题。根据文章内容，如第五段提到暴风雨前的宁静，第六段讲“intheeyeofthestorm”处于风口浪尖上，最后一段说明“brainstorm”头脑风暴，可知文章主要介绍与“风暴”有关的表达，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及段落大意，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Japanhasmadealotofnoiseinrecentyearsaboutremovingthetraditionalviewthatwomenshouldstayathomewhilemengoouttowork.Soitwasshockingwhen,onAugust7th,TokyoMedicalUniversity(TMU),adistinguishedmedicalschool,admittedmarkingdownthetestscoresoffemaleapplicantstokeeptheratioofwomenineachclassbelow30%.

Theirdefencewasthatwomenaremorelikelytodropouttomarryandhavechildren.TojudgefemaleapplicantstomedicalschoolpurelyontheiracademicperformancewouldleaveJapanwithashortageofdoctors,theysaid.Theadmissionhascausedoutrage.

"Doctoringhaslongbeenamalefield.Butitisnottheonlyone.Discriminationiscommoninbanksandtradingfirms,wherestamina(耐力)andloyalty,qualitiessomehowassociatedwithmen,areprized,"saysMariMiura,apoliticalscientistatSophiaUniversity.Allthisembarrassesagovernmentthathaspromisedtomakewomen"shine".Thepolicyseemsbasedontheneedformoreworkersratherthanongenuineconcernforwomen.

ShinzoAbe,theprimeminister,sayshewantstobringmillionsmorewomenintotheworkforcetomakeupforalabourshortfallcausedbyitsageinganddecliningpopulation.Inthefieldofpolitics,therecordunderMr.Abe'spremiership(首相任期)isdisappointing.Justtwomembersofhis20-strongcabinetarewomen,includingSeikoNoda,inchargeofwomen'srights.Ms.Noda,whomakeslittlesecretofherambitiontobeatMr.Abeinaleadershipcontestnextmonth,hasjustpublishedabookcalled"GrabtheFuture",herpublicdeclarationforpullingJapanintolinewith"globalstandards".Shehasalmostnochanceofwinning.（1）Accordingtothepassage,whathasarousedthepublic'sshockandrageinJapan?A.

Womenbeingmorelikelytodropoutofschooltomarryandhavechildren.

B.

TMUjudgingfemaleapplicantstomedicalschoolmerelyontheirtestscore.C.

TMUputtingalowergradeonfemaleapplicantstokeepalowpercentageofwomenineachclass.

D.

Japantendingtoabandonthetraditionalviewthatwomenshouldstayathomewhilemengoouttowork.（2）WhatdoweknowaboutSeikoNoda?A.

Sheisquitelikelytowintheleadershipcontest.

B.

Sheneverfailstoshowherambitioninpublic.C.

SheistheonlyfemalememberinAbe'scabinet.

D.

Hernewlyreleasedbook"GrabtheFuture"isabithit.（3）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.

DoctoringhaslongbeenamalefieldinJapan.

B.

Professionslikebankingandtradingaretailoredtomen.C.

ShinzoAbeperformedpoorlyindealingwithlabourshortfall.

D.

DiscriminationagainstwomenincareersinJapanisabigconcern.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了最近的日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Soitwasshockingwhen,onAugust7th,TokyoMedicalUniversity(TMU),adistinguishedmedicalschool,admittedmarkingdownthetestscoresoffemaleapplicantstokeeptheratioofwomenineachclassbelow30%.”在8月7日，当声望卓著的医学院——东京医科大学承认压低了女性申请者的考试分数，以将每个班级中女生的比例维持在30%以下时，社会一片哗然。故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Ms.Noda,whomakeslittlesecretofherambitiontobeatMr.Abeinaleadershipcontestnextmonth,hasjustpublishedabookcalled‘GrabtheFuture’,herpublicdeclarationforpullingJapanintolinewith‘globalstandards’”可知，野田毫不掩饰她在下个月的竞选中击败安倍的野心。她刚刚还出版了一本名为《抓住未来》的书，根据她的言行可知，她在公众场合表达自己的雄心，故选B。（3）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了最近日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境，出现了很大的问题。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Iwasbornonthe17thofNovember1828,inthevillageofNamPing,whichisaboutfourmilessouthwestofthePortugueseColony(殖民地)ofMacao,andislocatedonPedroIslandlyingwestofMacao,fromwhichitisseparatedbyachannelofhalfamilewide.

Asearlyas1834,anEnglishlady,Mrs.Gutzlaff,wifeofamissionarytoChina,cametoMacao.SupportedbytheLadies'AssociationinLondonforthepromotionoffemaleeducationinIndiaandtheEast,sheimmediatelytookuptheworkofstartingagirls'schoolforChinesegirls,whichwassoonfollowedbytheopeningofaboys'school.

Mrs.Gutzlaff'scomprador(买办)happenedtocomefrommyvillageandwasactuallymyfather'sfriendandneighbor.ItwasthroughhimthatmyparentsheardaboutMrs.Gutzlaff'sschoolanditwasdoubtlesslythroughhisinfluenceandmeansthatmyfathergotmeadmittedintotheschool.Ithasalwaysbeenamysterytomewhymyparentsshouldputmeintoaforeignschool,insteadofatraditionalConfucianschool,wheremybigbrotherwasplaced.MostcertainlysuchastepwouldhavebeenmoresuitableforChinesepublicopinion,taste,andthewantsofthecountry,thantoallowmetoattendanEnglishschool.Moreover,aChinesebeliefistheonlyavenueinChinathatleadstopoliticalpromotion,influence,powerandwealth.IcanonlyguessthatasforeigncommunicationwithChinawasjustbeginningtogrow,myparentshopedthatitmightbeworthwhiletoputoneoftheirsonstolearningEnglish.Inthiswayhemightbecomeaninterpreterandhaveamoreadvantageouspositiontoenterthebusinessanddiplomaticworld.IamwonderingifthatinfluencedmyparentstoputmeintoMrs.Gutzlaff'sSchool.Astowhatothersequencesithaseventuallybroughtaboutinmylaterlife,theywereentirelyleftinthehandsofGod.（1）HowwastheauthoradmittedtoMrs.Gutzlaff'sschool?A.

Throughhisfather'sfriend'shelp.

B.

Throughhisowneffortstoexams.C.

Throughhisfather'srequest.

D.

ThroughMrs.Gutzlaff'sinfluence.（2）Whydidtheauthor'sparentsputhimintoanEnglishschool？A.

AnEnglishschoolwasmoreinfluential.

B.

ForeigntradewithChinawasdevelopingfast.C.

ItmetwithChinesepublicopinion.

D.

Hecouldbecomeasuccessfulinterpreter.（3）Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhisparents'decisiontoputhimintoanEnglishschool?A.

Itwasskeptical.

B.

Itwasmysterious.

C.

Itwasthoughtful.

D.

Itwaswonderful.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs.Gutzlaff'scomprador(买办)happenedtocomefrommyvillageandwasactuallymyfather'sfriendandneighbor.ItwasthroughhimthatmyparentsheardaboutMrs.Gutzlaff'sschool”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.Gutzlaff学校的。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Inthiswayhemightbecomeaninterpreterandhaveamoreadvantageouspositiontoenterthebusinessanddiplomaticworld.”可知父母认为我也许会成为一个很好的翻译，在做生意外交方面会有优势，所以他们才送我去英语学校。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Ithasalwaysbeenamysterytomewhymyparentsshouldputmeintoaforeignschool,insteadofatraditionalConfucianschool,wheremybigbrotherwasplaced.”可知对于父母送我去英语学校而不是传统的中文学校，我感觉很困惑。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Canexerciseduringchildhoodprotectyouagainstmemorylossmanydecadeslater?Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inratsatleast.

"Thisisananimalstudy,butitshowsthatphysicalactivityatayoungageisveryimportant一notjustforphysicaldevelopment,butforthewholelifelongtrackofcognitive（认知的）developmentduringageing,"saysMartinWojtowiczoftheUniversityofToronto,Canada."Inhumans,itmaydelaytheappearanceofAlzheimer'ssymptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possiblytothepointofpreventingthem."

Wojtowicz'steamdivided80youngmaleratsintotwoequalgroups,andplacedrunningwheelsinthecagesofonegroupforaperiodofsixweeks.Aroundfourmonthslater—whentheratshadreachedmiddleage—theteamtaughtalltheratstoconnectanelectricshockwithbeinginaspecificbox.Whenplacedinthebox,theyfrozewithfear.

Twoweekslater,theteamtestedtheratsinthreesituations:exactlythesameboxinthesameroom,thesameboxwiththeroomarrangeddifferently,andacompletelydifferentboxinadifferentroom.

Theratswithoutaccesstoarunningwheelwhentheywereyoungnowfrozethesamepercentageoftimesineachofthesesituations,suggestingtheycouldn'trememberwhichonewasdangerous.Butthosethathadbeenabletorunintheiryouthfroze40to50percentlessinbothchangedboxsettings.

“Theresultssuggesttheamountofphysicalactivitywhenwe'reyoung,atleastforrats,hasinfluenceonbrainandcognitivehealth—intheformofbettermemories—whenwe'reolder,"saysArthurKramerofNortheasternUniversityinBoston,whohasfoundthat,inhumans,exercisepromotesthegrowthofnewbraincells.（1）Thestudyshowsthat______.A.

physicalactivityisimportantforphysicalhealth

B.

usingtherunningwheelsisofbenefittotherats'growthC.

physicalactivitycanpreventhuman'sAlzheimer'ssymptoms

D.

themoreexercisearathaswhenyoung,thebettermemoryitwillpossesswhenolder（2）HowareParagraph3and4mainlydeveloped?A.

Byanalyzingcauses.

B.

Bygivinganexample.C.

Bydescribingtheprocess.

D.

Byshowingdifferences.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A.

Exercise.

B.

Development.

C.

Benefit.

D.

Study.（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheanimalstudy?A.

Negative.

B.

Objective.

C.

Critical.

D.

Doubtful.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越多，老年时的记忆力就越好。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Exerciseearlyinlifeseemstohavelifelongbenefitsforthebrain,inratsatleast.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段讲述Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选C。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。故选A。（4）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Whenadoglooksatyouwithbigpuppy-dogeyes,it'shardforyoutogoaway,andyoumayspeakout“Awww”withouthesitation.However,there'sareasonwhyyoufindadogsstaresoattractive.Thatsweetstareactuallycausesthereleaseofaparticularhormone,orchemicalmessengerinthebody.Thishormonecreatesfeelingsofaffectioninhumans.Thesamethinghappenstodogswhenpeoplelookbackatthem.Scientistsbelievethishelpspeopleandtheirfour-leggedfriendsbond,orfeelconnected.Scientistshavewonderedwhatcausesdogstolovinglystareattheirowners.Tofindout,ateamofresearchersfromAzabuUniversityinJapanstudied30ownersandtheirdogs.

Theresearchersfoundthatafterthepetsandtheirownersspenthalfanhourtogether,bothshowedariseinoxytocin(催产素).Onekeyroleofthishormoneinmanyanimalsistopromotebonding,likethatbetweenamotherandnewborn.Theincreaseofoxytocindidn'thappen,though,whenscientistsrepeatedtheexperimentwithwolvesandthehumanswhohadraisedthem.

Asecondexperimentalsofoundthatifdogsweregivenoxytocin,theylookedattheirownerslonger.Scientistsaren'tsureexactlywhy,butthisreactionoccurredonlywithfemaledogs.Theirowne