2017-2018学年高一英语北师大版必修一教学案Unit1Section2

Ⅰ.把单词和英文释义匹配起来1．volunteerA．topassyourfinalexaminationsatuniversity2．graduateB．helpandencouragement3．minusC．somethingnew,excitingordifficulttodo4．reduceD．tomakeatelephonecall5．challengeE．pressureorworry6．stressF．someonewhoofferstodoajobwithoutbeingpaid7．supportG．belowzero8．dialH．tomakesth.smallerinsize9．designI．tofindthecorrectanswerorexplanationforsth.10.solveJ．tosth.willhowsth.willlook,work,etc.,especiallybydrawingplansormakingmodels答案：1～5FAGHC6～10EBDJIⅡ.根据英文释义写出单词1．dietlimitedkindoramountoffoodthatapersonisallowedtoeat2．expertpersonwithspecialknowledge,skillortraininginacertainfield3．standtoputupwith4．prefertolikesth.better5．suffertofeelpainorgreatsorrowⅢ.补全短语1．sufferfrom忍受，遭受2．anexpertin/at/onsth.……方面的专家3．underpressure在压力之下4．can'tstanddoingsth.不能容忍做某事5．beonadiet在节食6．...fertodo...rather_than......宁愿做……而不愿做……7．takeplace发生8．knowabout...了解(知道)关于……的情况9．preparefor...为……做准备10．payattentionto...注意……11．beusedtodosth.被用来做某事12．assoonaspossible尽可能快地1．Ifindpaintingordrawingveryrelaxing.我发现绘画和素描很令人放松。[句式分析]find＋宾语＋宾补(形容词)。[佳句赏析]我发现这个电视节目很有趣。IfindtheTVprogramveryinteresting.2．Breathingexercisescanhelpreducestress.呼吸训练能帮助减轻压力。[句式分析]breathingexercises为动名词短语作主语，reducestress为不带to的不定式作宾语。[佳句赏析]锻炼身体有助于减少疾病。Takingexercisecanhelpreducediseases.3．Whatcanwedotorelaxandreducestress?为了放松和减轻压力我们能做什么呢？[句式分析]torelaxandreducestress为不定式短语作目的状语。[佳句赏析]他早起以便赶上首班车。Hegotupearlytocatchthefirstbus.4．Butit'sverystressfultowaitforexamresults.但是等待考试结果非常有压力。[句式分析]句中it为形式主语，代替后边的不定式短语。[佳句赏析]保护好环境对我们来说很重要。Itisveryimportantforustoprotecttheenvironmentwell.考点1sufferfrom遭受，忍受[教材原句]Johnsuffersfrombackache.约翰背疼。He'sbeensufferingfromcancerfortwoyears.他得癌症已经两年了。Youmusthavesufferedfromacold.你一定是感冒了。[辨析比较]sufferfrom往往表示“遭受战争、自然灾害所带来的苦难”及“患病”，如awar，theflood,cough,headache,flu等suffer可用作及物动词，但宾语通常是表达损失、失败、痛苦等抽象意义的词语，如pain,loss,punishment,disappointment等1．选词填空：suffer,sufferfrom①I'msuffering_fromareallackoftimethisweek.②Theysufferedhugelossesinthefinancialcrisis.2．完成句子③幸好他不感到疼。Fortunatelyhesuffered_no_pain．④那些年他们身患各种各样的病。Theysuffered_fromallkindsofdiseasesinthoseyears.考点2reducevt.&vi.减少，降低[教材原句]Breathingexercisescanhelpreducestress.呼吸训练能帮助减少压力。reduce(...)to(把……)减少到(to表示增减的结果)reduce(...)by(把……)减少了(by表示增减的幅度)bereducedto(doing)sth.沦落为/(到做)某事(to为介词)Nowthenumberofgiantpandasisreducedto1，600.如今大熊猫的数量已经减少到了1600只。Thepriceofthecarwasreducedfrom50，000yuanto40，000yuan.这辆汽车的价格从50000元降到了40000元。Thepoormanisreducedtobegging(beg)foraliving.那个可怜的人已沦为行乞为生。Costhasbeenreducedby30%overthepastyear.过去一年，各项费用已经减少了30%。1．单句语法填空①Thepriceofthissuithasbeenreducedbytenpercent.②Thedriverreducedthespeedtotwentymilesanhourbecauseofthefog.2．完成句子③那个经理被降成服务员了。Themanagerwas_reduced_toaservant.④炸弹把这座城市变成了废墟。Thebombsreduced_the_city_toruins.⑤他们把价格降到百分之十。Theyreduced_the_price_to_10_percent．考点3standvt.忍耐；容忍；忍受[教材原句]Ireallyloveplayingthepiano,butIcan'tstandsinginginfrontoftheclass.我确实喜欢弹钢琴，但我无法忍受在全班面前唱歌。can'tstandsb./sth.不能容忍某人/某事can'tstanddoingsth.不能容忍做某事standfor表示；象征standout显眼，突出Doyouthinkshecanstandthepaceofworkhere?你认为她受得了这儿的工作节奏吗？Icouldn'tstandliving(live)inthesameroomwithTom.我无法忍受和汤姆同住一个房间。[名师指津]stand多用于否定句，常与情态动词can/could连用，不用于进行时态。PRCstandsforthePeople'sRepublicofChina.PRC代表中华人民共和国。Well,thatdresswillmakeyoustandoutinacrowd!啊，那件衣服会使你在人群中很显眼！1．用所学词语替换句中加黑词语①Hecan'tputupwithhisrudeness.stand②TheletterXmeansanunknownnumber.stands_for2．完成句子③我无法忍受早起。Ican'tstandgetting_upearly.④她无法忍受在公共场合被嘲笑。Shecan'tstandbeing_laughed_at/made_fun_of_in_public.考点4prefervt.更喜欢；宁愿，宁可[教材原句]Ipreferreading.我更喜欢阅读。(1)prefersth.tosth.比起……更喜欢……(to为介词)prefertodo...更愿意做……(具体的动作)preferdoing...更愿意做……(普遍的行为习惯)prefersb.todo...更愿意某人做……preferthatclause更愿意……(2)“更愿意做A而不愿意做B”的表达方式：prefertodoAratherthandoB＝preferdoingAtodoingB＝wouldratherdoAthandoB＝woulddoAratherthandoBIpreferromanticlovestories.我更喜欢浪漫的爱情故事。SheprefersEnglishtomaths.数学与英语相比，她更喜欢英语。Hepreferredyouto_give(give)himahand.他更愿意你帮助他一把。Hepreferredtodieratherthangiveintohisenemy.他宁愿死也不愿向他的敌人投降。[名师指津]在“prefertodo...ratherthando...”句型中，ratherthando...有时可以前置到句首而加以强调。Hepreferstorentahouseratherthanbuyone.＝Ratherthanbuyahouse,hepreferstorentone.他宁愿租房也不愿买房。1．句型转换①Ipreferclassicalmusictopopmusic.→Ipreferlisteningtoclassicalmusictolisteningtopopmusic.→Iprefertolistentoclassicalmusicratherthanlistentopopmusic.→Ratherthanlistentopopmusic,Iprefertolistentoclassicalmusic.2．完成句子②尚塔尔更喜欢乘火车旅行。Chantalpreferstravelling_by_train．③我希望你在那儿待久些。Ipreferthatyou_(should)__stay_there__longer.考点5beusedtodosth.被用来做某事[教材原句]Whatverbformsareusedtotalkaboutthefuture?在谈论将来时，使用什么样的动词形式？[辨析比较]usedtodosth.表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已不再发生或存在，to后接动词原形beusedto(doing)sth.“习惯于(做)某事”，be有多种时态，可用get或bee替换；to为介词beusedtodosth.“被用来做某事”，use为及物动词，表示“使用”，后接不定式作目的状语Thecellphonecanbeusedtolistentomusic.这部手机可用来听音乐。Ittookmysisterseveralmonthstogetusedtothelifeabroad.我姐姐花了几个月的时间适应了国外的生活。Heusedto_sleep(sleep)lateinthemorning.Nowhehasgotusedtogetting(get)upearly.他过去早晨常常睡懒觉，但现在他已习惯早起了。1．选词填空：usedto,getusedto,beusedto①Thereused_tobeabusstoponthatcorner.②BillGatessaid,“Lifeisnotfair,andget_used_toit.”③Thebagcanbe_used_tocarryfood.2．完成句子④他习惯于辛苦工作。He'sused_to_hard_work/working_hard．⑤你过去抽烟，是不是？Youusedtosmoke,usedn't_you/didn't_you？考点6designvt.&n．设计[教材原句]Howtodesignawebsite.如何设计一个网站。designsth.forsb./sth.为……设计……(be)designedforsb./sth.为……而设计bedesignedassth.作为……而设计bedesignedtodosth.为做某事而设计bydesign(＝onpurpose)故意地，蓄意地Themachineisofverypoordesignanditalwaysbreaksdown.这部机器设计很差，总是出故障。Thepicture­bookisdesignedonlyforchildren.这本图画书是专为儿童写的。Thesubwaywasdesignedtorelievetrafficjam.这条地铁是为缓解交通拥挤而设计的。Whetherthishappenedbydesignornotweshallneverknow.我们将永远无法得知这事是不是有意安排的。1．单句语法填空①Anewwasdesignedforthepany.②TheoldmanthoughtIsteppedonhisfootbydesign.③Theorganizationisdesignedto_help(help)thosewhohavebeenoutofworkforalongtime.④Thelectureisdesignedasanintroductiontothesubject.2．翻译句子⑤该试验旨在测试这种新药品。The_experiment_is_designed_to_test_the_new_drug.⑥你这样做是故意的还是偶然的？Did_you_do_it_by_design_or_by_chance?1．Ifindpaintingordrawingveryrelaxing.我发现绘画或素描令人很轻松。(1)本句中find后跟 形容词relaxing作宾语补足语。宾语补足语主要是对宾语进行补充说明，说明宾语的身份、特征或状态等。(2)find复合结构的常见形式有：Didyoufindlifehardinthecountry?你觉得农村生活艰苦吗？Ifoundhiminhisownroom.我发现他在自己的房间里。WhenIcamein,IfoundherwatchingTV.当我进去时，我发现她正看电视。Hefoundacowtied(tie)tothetreeintheyard.他发现庭院里的树上拴着一头奶牛。Ifinditpossiblethattheywillfail.我发现他们有可能会失败。[名师指津]在“find＋复合宾语”结构中，当宾语是不定式或从句时，应用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语放在宾补之后。[联想发散]请同学们思考一下与find用法类似，后跟复合宾语的动词还有哪些？make,_consider,_keep,_cause,_see,_notice,_hear,_watch,_feel,_call,_get,_have,_let等。1．单句语法填空①Jennyfoundawalletonthegroundonherwayhome.②WhenIgothome,Ifoundmybrotherplaying(play)thepiano.③Ifoundsometreesalongtheroadcut(cut)down.④Hewasfoundcheating(cheat)inthetest.2．句型转换⑤Ifindthatit'seasytoworkwithhim.→Ifinditeasytoworkwithhim.⑥Iconsiderit'sanhonortobeinvitedhere.→Iconsideritanhonortobeinvitedhere.3．完成句子⑦我发现这项任务很难。Ifindthis_task_very_difficult．⑧他觉得很难理解她。Hefoundit_difficult_to_understand_her．2．Butit's_very_stressful_to_waitforexamresults.但是等待考试结果非常有压力。(1)在“Itis＋adj./n.＋todosth.”句型中，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。Itisveryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.学一门外语非常重要。Itisimportantforustolookintotheworld.放眼世界对我们来说很重要。(2)Itis＋adj./n.＋that从句Itwasapitythat239passengersweremissingwhenFlightMH370suddenlydisappeared.很遗憾，马航370飞机突然消失，239名乘客失踪。[名师指津]在difficult/important/necessary/possible/impossible等形容词或pity,honour,duty等名词作表语时，为保持句子结构的平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。1．句型转换①Thathehaswonthefirstprizeisgoodnews.→Itisgoodnewsthathehaswonthefirstprize.②TolearnEnglishwellisquitenecessary.→ItisquitenecessarytolearnEnglishwell.2．翻译句子③五分钟完成是不可能的。It's_impossible_to_finish_it_within_5_minutes.④很遗憾你昨天没来。It's_a_pity_that_you_didn't_e_yesterday.[语法初识]将来的安排和打算原句感知自主探究①I'llputsomewarmwaterinthebasinsoyoucanwashyourface.②WhatisshegoingtodoinInnerMongolia?③Itisgettingdark.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.④IamtomeetMrBrownateleveno'clockthismorning.⑤Heisingtoseeyoutomorrow.⑥Thetrainleavesat9o'clocktomorrowmorning.⑦Hereesthebus.⑧Ifhees,Iwillphoneyoufirst.⑨ThenewschooltermbeginsafterIarrive.⑩Theinternationalclimateconferencebeginsat10tomorrowaccordingtothetimetable.(1)句①谓语动词由will/shall＋动词原形构成，用来表示单纯的将来安排和打算；句②中begoingto意为“打算”，说明主语的意图，即将要做某事；句③中begoingto表示已有迹象表明将发生某事。(2)句④和句⑤谓语动词的构成分别为：be＋动词不定式；be＋doing，表示计划较强的将来动作。(3)句⑥～⑧谓语动词的共同特点是：用一般现在时表示将来时。(4)⑨、⑩两句用一般现在时表示不可改变的官方活动或时间表。[语法剖析]一般将来时用来表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。一般将来时常和表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow,nextweek,inafewdays等。1．助动词shall/will＋动词原形主语是第一人称用shall或will,其他人称用will，表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。I'llgoandseeheronSunday.我星期天要去看她。Ishall/willgraduatefromthedramaschoolnextweek.我下个星期就要从戏剧学校毕业了。①Wewill_know(know)theresultofthestateexaminationnextweek.②Ishall_leave(leave)forCanadanextFriday.③Willyoube(be)freethisevening？2．be(am,is,are)going＋不定式表示打算准备做的事或有迹象表明要发生的事。Look！It'sgoingtorain.看，要下雨了。Thereisgoingtobealotoftroubleaboutthat.这件事将会有许多麻烦。 ①IfeelIam_going_to_make(make)progresswithherfromnow.②Thespeechis_going_to_be(be)at3pmtomorrow.③Lookattheseclouds.Itis_going_to_rain(rain).3．be(am,is,are)＋不定式表示正式约定的或安排好要做某事。这种结构表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务和要求必须做的事或即将发生的动作。PresidentXiJinpingistovisitthatcountrynextweek.习近平主席下周将访问那个国家。Allthequestionsaretobeansweredatonce.必须立刻回答所有的问题。①SheistobeseeninthelabonMonday.周一在实验室应该能看到她。②Youaretogotobedandkeepquiet,kids.孩子们，要睡觉了，安静。③Ifthesunwerenottorisetomorrow,whatwouldwedo?假如明天太阳不再升起，那我们该怎么办？④Yourassignmentistobehandedinbeforeyouleaveschool.在离校之前，你的作业必须交上。4．beaboutto＋动词原形表示“正要做某事，即将要做某事”。不可与具体的表示将来的时间连用，但可以与when引导的时间状语从句连用。Theyareabouttocarryouttheplan.他们就要执行这个计划了。Iwasabouttoleavewhenhecamein.我正要离开，这时他进来了。①Shewas_about_to_begin(正准备开始),butJenniespokefirst.②Hewas_about_to_leave(正要离开)theofficewhenthetelephonerang.5．现在进行时表示将来现在进行时往往表示计划好或准备要做的事。常用于一些表示位置转移的终止性动词，如go,e,leave,start,begin等，表示马上要做某事。Heisleavingschoolinoneyear'stime.他一年后就要毕业了。Waitaminute.I'ming.等一会，我马上就来。①—Tom,supperisready!—Iaming(e).②Heisbeginning(begin)tomisshisparentsnow.③Weareleaving(leave)tomorrowmorning.6．一般现在时表示将来表示按照时刻表要发生的事情，这种用法主要指严格按照原定计划、时刻表将要发生的事情；在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。Thesportsmeetingtakesplacenextweek.运动会下周举行。I'llgowithyouassoonasIfinishmywork.我一完成工作就和你一起去。Don'ttrytorunbeforeyoubegintowalk.先学走再学跑。①Wewon't_go(not,go)ifitrains(rain)．②I'llseeheroffaslongasshegoes(go)．③Whenites(e)tothequestion,Iwillmakenoanswer.[应用实战]一、链接高考单句语法填空1．(2015·北京高考)—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.Iwill_call(call)himlater.2．(2013·重庆高考)AMidsummerNight'sDreamopens(open)attheTheatreRoyalon19thJune,andthentoursthroughoutScotland.3．(2013·全国卷Ⅱ)Wewere_leaving(leave)veryearlysowepackedthenightbefore.4．(2013·北京高考)—DoyouthinkMomandDadwill_be(be)late?—No,SwissAirisusuallyontime.5．(2013·湖南高考)“Whatdoyouwanttobe？”askedMrs.Crawford.“Oh,Iwill_be(be)president，”saidtheboy,withasmile.二、针对演练单句语法填空1．Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Themoviestarts(start)at6：30pm.2．Theywillstayinsideunlessitstops(stop)rainingtomorrow.3．Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,theywill_increase(increase)theirsalesby20percent.4．I'vegotaholidayforaweektoHainan.Iam_taking(take)mylittlebrother.5．—Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyouare_offered(offer)thisjob?—Well,I'mthinkingaboutthesalary.6．Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasereturntoyourseatandtieyoursafetybelt.Ourplaneis_taking(take)off.7．DrSmithtogetherwithhiswifeanddaughter,isgoingto_visit(visit)Beijingthissummer.8．—WhyisTominsuchahurry?—Heis_leavingforBeijingtoattendanimportantmeeting.Theflightleavesat6：00.(leave)对应学生课时达标训练（二）Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Myhusbandisunderstress(压力)becausehehastoomuchworktodoinhisbusiness.2．Sheisanexpert(专家)intraininganimals.3．Thechildissuffering(遭受)frommeasles(麻疹)．4．Opinionsonvarioussocial(社会的)questionsdifferfrompersontoperson.5．Iprefer(更喜欢)thequietcountrysidetothenoisycities.6．Thevolunteers(志愿者)formunityservicearedoingagoodjob.7．Aftergraduating/graduation(毕业)fromtheuniversity,hewassenttoworkinafactoryinhishometown.8．Thenewmodelofthecardesigned(设计)bytheengineerispopularwiththeyouth.9．Theoldmanenteredtheroomsupported(支撑)byhisgrandson.10．Itwasreallyachallenge(挑战)tospeakbeforesomanypeople.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Theplaneis_leaving(leave)forShanghai.2．Mysisteris_going_to_have(have)ababy.3．Herees(e)atroopofarmy.4．Ifhees,Iwill_phone(phone)youfirst.5．Iam_leaving(leave)inaminute.Iwill_finish(finish)allmyworkbeforeIleave(leave).Ⅲ.选词填空beusedtodo,payattentionto,taketurns,sufferfrom,bydesign,insupportof1．Onlyafewpeoplespokein_support_oftheproposal.2．puterscanbe_used_to_domanythings.3．She'ssuffering_fromlossofmemory.4.Pleasepay_attention_towhatIamsaying.5．Whetherthishappenedby_designornotweshallneverknow.6．Wetook_turnstotelljokesatJim'sbirthdayparty.Ⅳ.句型转换1．Ipreferclassicalmusictopopmusic.→Ipreferlisteningtoclassicalmusicto_listening_topopmusic.→Ipreferto_listen_toclassicalmusicratherthanlistentopopmusic.2．TheoldmanthoughtIsteppedonhisfootonpurpose.→TheoldmanthoughtIsteppedonhisfootby_design．Ⅴ.完成句子1．Iamreadytodierather_than_give_in(也不屈服)．2．It'sdangerous!Theropeisready_to_break(这就要断)．3．Lookatthedarkclouds!Itis_going_to_rain(就要下雨)．4．Ifitdoesn't_rain(不下雨)tomorrow,wewillgooutforapicnic.5．Hewasabouttosaysomethingmorewhen_his_wife_came_in(就在这时他妻子进来了)．Ⅵ.阅读理解JennyLindwasborninStockholmSweden,in1820,thedaughterofateacheroflanguages.Sheissaidtohavebeenabletorepeatasongthatshehadheardonlyonceattheageofthree.Attenyearsofageshesangchildren'spartsontheStockholmstage.Afterturning12yearsofage,heruppernotes(高音)losttheirsweetness,andforfouryearsshedidnotdomuchsinging.Herloveformusiccontinuedandtheseyearswerespentonthestudyofinstrumentalmusicandposition.Attheendofthisperiodhervoicegotitspowerandpurity(纯净)againandforayearandahalfshewasthestaroftheStockholmOpera.Next,shegaveaseriesofconcertsandwenttoParisforfurtherstudy,buttheFrenchteacherdidnotappreciateherpowersandJennyreturnedtohernativecity.Whenshewastwenty­threeyearsold,JennywenttoDresdenandwhenQueenVictoriavisitedthatcitythefollowingyear,shesangatthefestivalsheldintheQueen'shonor.ThisopenedthewaytoastonishingsuccessinotherGermancities.In1847shewenttoLondonandwaswarmlyreceived.Thereshesangforthefirsttimeinconcert.JennyLindtraveledtoParistostudywithManuelGarcia,afamousSpanishvocal(声乐)coach,whofinallyagreedtotrainher.Herhusband,OttoGoldschmidt,wasafamousGermanpianistwhotrainedwithMendelssohn;theymarriedinBostonwhileontourintheUS.Afterhermarriage,sheappearedonthestagefromtimetotime,usuallyatconcertsgivenforcharities.Shewasdeeplyinterestedincharitiesandwecaneasilyaddtohertitle(头衔)ofsingerthatofphilanthropist.HerlateryearswerespentinLondonwhereshediedin1887.Herlifeandsongsareasweetmemory.语篇解读：珍妮·林德三岁的时候就表现出非凡的音乐天赋，10岁时就登上了斯德哥尔摩的舞台。即使在她青春期变声期间，她仍然坚持着对音乐的喜爱和追求，最终在音乐方面取得了令人惊叹的成就。不仅如此，她还乐于慈善事业，是有名的慈善家。1．JennyLinddidn'tsingmuchforfouryearsbecause________．A．shedidn'tlikepopularmusicB．shelikedinstrumentalmusicandpositionC．hervoicewasnotatitsbestD．shewasbusywithherstudies解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Afterturning12yearsofage,heruppernotes(高音)losttheirsweetness,andforfouryearsshedidnotdomuchsinging”可知，12岁时她的高音失去了甜美，由此可以推断出她之所以四年没有演唱是因为她的嗓音不在最佳状态。答案：C2．InordertolearnmoreaboutmusicJennyLindwentto________．A．ParisB．DresdenC．BostonD．London解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Next,shegaveaseriesofconcertsandwenttoParisforfurtherstudy”可知，她为了学习更多的音乐知识去了巴黎。答案：A3．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEofJennyLind?A．ShebecamefamousinStockholmwhenshewas10.B．QueenVictoriadidn'tlikeherperformanceatall.C．Shegotmarrie