Unit1 一般现在时频率副词的使用讲义（学生版）-沪教版六年级英语上册

学科教师辅导讲义

教学内容

1.一般现在时知识点梳理

2.频率副词的使用

3.时态强化练习

一般现在时

•般现在时是英语中最基础、最常用的时态之一，主要用于表示经常性、习惯性的动作、客观事实或真理，

以及当前的状态或特征。

一、核心用法（4大场景）

★表示经常性、习惯性的动作

常搭配频度副伺（如always,usually,often,sometimes,never等）或固定时间状语（如everyday,onSundays,twicea

week等），描述反复发生的行为。

Shegoestoschoolbybikeeveryday.她每天骑自行车上学。

Wcusuallyhavep.m.nerat7p.m.我们通常晚上7，点:吃晚饭。

★表示客观事实、真理或自然规律

描述不受时间限制的、永恒成立.的事实，无论过去、现在还是未来都适用。

Theearthgoesaround（hesun.地球绕着太阳转。

Waterboilsat1OO'Cunderstandardpressure.标准气压下，水在100℃沸腾。

★表示当前的状态或特征

描述主语现在具备的性质、状态或身份，不强调动作的“进行”，而是静态的属性。

Heisastudent.他是一名学生。

Thisbcoklooksinteresting.这本书看起来很有趣。

★特殊用法：在时间/条件状语从句中表将来（这一点会在后续课程详细讲解）

当主句是一般将来时（will+动词原形）时，if（如果）、when（当...时）、assoonas（一.....就〉等引导的从

句，需用一般现在时表“将来要发生的动作

IwillcallyouwhenIarriveinBeijing.我到北京后会给你打电话。

Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。

二、动词形式变化（2类主语，2种情况）

一般现在时的动词形式需根据主语的“人称”和“数”变化，核心是第三人称单数（he/she/it/单数名词/不可数

名词）与“非第三人称单数（I/you/we/theyZ复数名词）”的区别：

主语类型动词形式示例

非第三人称单数用动词原形（原形）Iplayfootball./Theyreadbooks.

第三人称单数动词需变“三单形式”Heplaysfootball./Thecateatsfish.

动词“三单形式”变化规则（5大规则+特殊）

1.一般情况：直接在动词末尾加s，如play—»plays,work—>workso

2.以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾：力口es,如pass—►passes,fix—>fixes,wash—►washes,teach—♦teaches,go—*goeso

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾：变y为i,再加es,如study—>studies,worry—>worries（注意：以“元音字母+

y”结尾直接加s,如playtplays）。

4.以“辅音字母+o”结尾的部分动词：力口es（常见：do—»does,go—>goes；例外：photo—>photos,piano—>

pianos）0

5.特殊变化（需记忆）：have-♦has,be-♦is。

三、常见时间状语（标志性提示词）

一般现在时的时间状语多与“频率”“习惯”相关，常见分类如下：

1.频度副词：always（总是）、usudly（通常）、often（经常）、sometimes（有时）、seldom（很少）、hardlyever

（几乎不）、never（从不）。

□位置：通常放在实义动词前，be匆词/助动词后。Sheoftensings./Heisalwayslate.

2.固定时间短语：everymorning/wsek/month/year（每天/周/月/年）、onMondays（每周一）、onceaweek

（每周一次）、twiceamonth（每月两次）、everyotherday（每隔一天）。

3.无明确时间状语（隐含习惯）：部分句子无明显时间词，但根据语境可判断为习惯性动作。

Igetupearly.（隐含“每天”的习惯

四、句式结构（肯定句/否定句/一般疑问句/特殊疑问句）

以动词“play”（实义动词）和“be”［系动词）为例，对比不同句式的结构：

1.肯定句

动词类型非第三人称单数主语第三人称单数主语例句

实义动词...+动词原形+...主语+动词三单+...Iplaybasketball./Heplaysbasketball.

系动词主语+am/is/are+...主语+is+...1amhappy./Sheishappy.

2.否定句

动词类型非第三人称单数主语第三人称单数主语例句

Idon'tplaybasketball.

实义动词主语+don't+动词原形+...主语+doesn't+动词原形-...

/Hedoesn'tplaybasketball.

系动词主语+amnot/isnot/arenot+主语+isnol（isnl）+...Iamnothappy./Sheisn'thappy.

3.一般疑问句（回答用Yes/No）

动词类型非第三人称单数主语第三人称单数主语例句（提问+回答）

—Doyouplaybasketball?

—Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.

实义动词Do+主语+动词原形+…？Does+主语+动词原形+.?

一Docsheplaybasketball?

一Yes,hedocs./No,hedoesnt.

—Arcyouhappy?

—Yes,Iam./No,I'mnot.

系动词Am/Are+主语+...?Is+主语+...?

一Isshehappy?

一Yes,sheis./No,sheisn't.

4.特殊疑问句（用疑问词引导：what/where/when/how/why等）

动词类型结构例句

WhatdoyoudoonSundays?（你周日做什么？）

一Ireadbooks.

实义动词疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+...?

—Howdoeshegotoschool?（他怎么上学？）

—Hewalks.

—Whereareyoufrom?（你来自哪里？）

一I'mfromChina.

系动词疑问词+am/are/is+主语+...?

—Whyisshesad?（她为什么难过?）

—Becauseshelostherpc

频率副词的使用

Youcanusuallyfinishthehomeworkinanhour.（.7,usually在iW态动词can后）

Youusuallycanfinishthehomework.（x）

规则4：修饰助动词（do/does/did/will/have）—＞放在助动词之后

（助动词：无实际含义，仅辅助构成时态/否定/疑问，如do用于一般现在时否定）

Theydonotoftengoshopping.（,often在助动词do后）

Theyoftendonotgoshopping.（x）

2.时态搭配：多与“一般现在时”连用

频率副词描述“习惯性、经常性的动作”，因此最常搭配一般现在时；若描述过去的习惯，可搭配一般过去时

HeoftenplayedfootballwhenhewasiO.

□注意：不与“现在进行时“（表正在发生）或“一般将来时“（表未来单次动作）直接搭配。

Heisalwaysreading.（x,若想表达“总是在读书”，需结合语境，但基础考点中优先一般现在时）

Healwaysreads.（Y）

3.否定与疑问：借助助动词，副词位置不变

否定句:在助动词（do/does/did）后加“not”,频率副词仍放在“助动词后、实义动词前”。

Shedoesnotoftendrinkcoffee.（她不常喝咖啡）

一般疑问句：将助动词（do/does/did）提前，频率副词放在“主语后、实义动词前

Doyouusuallywalktoschool?（你通常步行上学吗？）

DoesTomsometimesplaythepiano?（汤姆有时弹钢琴吗？）

三、高频考点及典型例题

考点1：频率副词词义辨析（单选/完形）

解题关键：根据语境判断”动作发生的频率“，匹配对应的副词。

例1（上海某校月考题）：

Mygrandparentslivefarfromus,sowegotovisitthemonweekends.

A.alwaysB.seldomC.oftenD.usually

例2（上海中考模拟题）：

-Howdoyouplaybadminton?

—Twiceaweek.

A.oftenB.longC.soonD.far

考点2：频率副词位置判断（单选/句型转换）

解题关键：先判断谓语动词类型（实义动词/be动词/情态动词），再套用“三前一后”规则。

例1（上海七年级期末题）：

Lucylateforschool.Sheisagoodstudent.

A.isneverB.neverisC.neverbeD.benever

例2（句型转换）：

Tomplaysbasketballafterschool.（用often改写）

考点3；频率副词与时态的搭配（单选/完形）

解题关键：根据“时间提示词”判断时态，再确定频率副词的使用C

例（上海八年级月考题）：

WhenIwasyoung,Ilistentopopmusic,butnowIlikeclassicalmusic.

A.alwaysB.willalwaysC.amalwaysD.wasalways

考点4：对频率副词提问（句型转换）

解题关键：无论原句中频率副词是哪一个，提问都用“Howoften+一•般疑问句”。

例（上海七年级句型转换题）：

Theysometimesgoswimminginsummer.（对划线部分提问）

四、常见易错点提醒

1.hardlyvs.hard：hardly是频率副词（"几乎不"），hard是副词（“努力地”），不可混淆。

Heworkshard（努力工作）,buthehardly（几乎不）hastimetorest.

2.seldomvs.not...often：seldom表示“很少”，语气比not...often更强。

Sheseldomeatsmeat=Shedoesn'toftencatmeat.

3.never的否定：never本身表“从不”，不可再用not否定。

Ineverdon'twatchTV.（x）,

IneverwatchTV.（7）。

【一般现在时专项练习】

一、单项选择

1.Mr.Zhangusuallythebiketothesubwaystation.

A.ridesB.takesC.crossesD.drives

2.Jackalways_withhisbrother.

A.playbadmintonB.playsfootball

C.playingbasketballD.toplaybadminton

3.Dannysomctitnes___________thismotherhisnewstamps.

A.showB.showsC.tellD.tells

4.Mybrother________asoccerballbutI_________.

A.have;don'tB.has;notC.have;notD.has;don't

5.Inthefirstphoto________mygrandparents.

A.beB.amC.isD.are

6.Lucy,________hermother,_________playingthepianoverymuch.

A.like;islikeB.islike;likeC.like;likesD.likes;islike

7.Ilikevegetables,butmysister________.

A.isn'tB.isC.doesn'tD.does

8.—Don'tworry!There_________enoughspaceinyourbag.

―Good,Icanputmorethingsinside.

A.wasB.areC.wereD.is

9.Oneoftheboys________apet.Thepetisverycute.

A.haveB.hasC.keepD.save

10.Where________LindaandTinaefrom?

A.doB.areC.doesD.doing

11.Mygrandmaoften________TVathome.

A.watchB.towatchC.watchingD.watches

12.Iusually____________withmyaunt.

A.goshopB.gotoshoppingC.goesshoppingD.goshopping

13.Mymother____apples,butmyfather_____

A.likes;doesn'tB.don,tlike;do

C.likes;don'tD.doesnUlike;do

14.I________everyweekend,butmybrother_________everyday.

A.playtheviolin,playsoccerB.playstheviolin,playssoccer

C.playtheviolin,playssoccerD.playstheviolin,playsoccer

15.Jackusuallyhishomeworkatschool.

A.doB.doesC.writeD.writes

16.What_Kittyoffer_withherbrotheratweekends?

A.do;doB.does;doesC.do;doesD.does;todo

17.Ifit_________tomorrow,wcwillgotoShanghaiDisneyland.

A.don'trainB.doesn'trainC.didn'trainD.won'train

18.Lilyismyclosefriendandshealways_________herlittlesecrets（秘密）withme.

A.sharesB.shareC.tellsD.tell

19.Whattime_________MrSmithusually__________hisbreakfast?

A.do,haveB.does,haveC.has,hadD.has,has

20.MynameisRosa.LisaandLinda_mygoodfriends.

A.arcB.isC.amD.be

21.1wanttolearnfromAlicebecauseshe_________veryhardeverycay.

A.workB.workingC.worksD.worked

22.Noneofus_________drinkinghoidrinksinsummer.

A.arelikingB.likesC.islikingD.tolike

23.—Let'splaysoccer.—Thatrelaxing.

A.soundsB.soundC.issoundD.soundsis

24.Doingpuzzles________myfavouriteindooractivity.

A.areB.isC.wasD.tobe

25.Itoftenhereinwinter.Look!It'sagain.

A.snows;snowingB.snowy;snowing

C.snows;snowyD.snowing;snows

26.Ihopehisdream_________true.

A.toeB.esC.ingD.toing

27.Oneofmyfriends________apctdog.Thedog'snameisDuoduo.

A.haveB.hasC.tohaveD.having

28.Carmenlikesmusicianswho__________differentkindsofmusic.

A.playsB.playC.isplayingD.wasplayingdifferent

29.Cats________fish.

A.eatsB.iseatingC.eatD.areeat

30.IfJoetoomuchspicvfood,hewillhaveastomachache.

A.willeatB.eatC.eatsD.toeat

31.IoftenseesomeshopswhenI_________home.

A.walkedtoB.walktoC.walkedD.walk

32.DianabackhomefromAmericaeveryyear.

A.fliesB.flewC.isflyingD.willfly

33.WinterSolstice（冬至）thearrivalofthecoldestseasonintheyear.

A.markB.marksC.willmarkD.marked

34.Itusually__________meabout2hourstoflytoBeijing.

A.takeB.takesC.totakeD.taking

35.Eddie____toTokyoonceayear.

A.willgoB.hasbeenC.hasgoneD.goes

36.Mycousintogetherwithhisfriends____watchafilm—haveapicnic.

A.prefersto,ratherthantoB.preferto,ratherthan

C.prefersto,ratherthanD.preferto,ratherthanto

37.W?adolphinshowintheOceanParklastSaturday.

A.watchedB.willwatchC.watchD.arewatching

38.Wswillstayinanairconditionedroomifittoohotoutside.

A.willbeB.isC.won'tbeD.isn't

39.Mycousin,Jack,isagoodboy.Healwaysotherstudents.

A.helpsB.ishelpingC.helpedD.willhelp

40.Herclassmalesoftentheirhomeworkintheevening.

A.doB.doesC.doingD.did

41.Jacksometimes__withhiscousin.

A.playfootballB.playsgamesC.cookingD.goshopping

42.Brucealwayshisteethat6:15everymorning.

A.brushB.brushesC.isbrushingD.arebrushing

43.—Couldyoutellme?Imustfindhim.

一Sorry,Ihavenoidea.Buthewasherejustnow.

A.whereTomwasB.wherehasTomgone

C.wherecanIfindTomD.whereTomis

44.Mygrandpaoftenforawalkwithhisdogafterdinner.

A.goB.goesC.willgoD.hasgone

45.Motherbuyanymilktoday.

A.needsnotB.doesn'tneedtoC.needn't2D.doesn'tneed

46.-Whatdoesshelooklike?—She_________ofmediumheightand_________glasses.

A.is;hasB.is;wearsC.was;hasD.is;wearing

47.Alicenever_________TVfromMondaytoFriday.

A.watchB.watchingC.watchedD.watches

48.Kitty'sgrandfatherisafarmer.Healways_____cropsandvegetablesinthecountryside.

A.cooksB.eatsC.growsD.sells

49.Mike________outfortravellingwithhisparentsthreetimesayear.

A.wentB.goesC.goingD.go

50.Mymotheralways_________toworkearly.

A.goingB.goC.goesD.willgo

51.Hesometimes_________toseeafilmatweekends.

A.goesB.goC.togoD.isgoing

52.Wilsonisagoodstudent.Healways__________veryhard.

A.studyB.studiesC.studyingD.studied

53.1often__________,becausetheschoolisnearmyhome.

A.walkstoschoolB.towalkstoschool

C.walktoschoolD.walkingtoschoolonfool

54.—Canyoudescribehim?—Sorry,Idon'tknowhelike.

A.what;lookB.how;lookC.what;looksD.how;looks

55.—DoesJack________aTVathome?—Yes,heoften________footballgamesonTV.

A.has;watchB.have;watchesC.has;watchesD.have;watch

56.Lilywithherparentsoften________Englishtogether.

A.tospeakB.speakingC.speakD.speaks

57.He,________hisfather,_________doingoutdoorsportseveryday.

A.like;likeB.like;likesC.islike;likeD.islike;likes

58.It'sraininghardoutside.Allofus________stayindoors.

A.mustB.havetoC.needtoD.hadto

59.Idon'tknowifEric________thisSunday.Ifhe_________here,Tilcallyouatonce.

A.wille;willeB.es;es

C.es;willeD.wille;es

60.He________inhisbestclothes,readyforhiseveningout.

A.isdressingB.dressesC.isdressedD.dressed

【频率副词专项练习】

1.Andydoesn'tlikejunkfoodatall,soshe________eatsit.

A.oftenB.sometimesC.usuallyD.never

2.Joannais________helpingothers.Somanypeoplelikeherverymuch.

A.usuallyB.alwaysC.oftenD.sometimes

3.LiHongis________lateforclass.Sheisalwaysthefirsttoctoschool.

A.sometimesB.usuallyC.oftenD.never

4.Cathyis________latefbrschoolbecauseshegetsupearlyeveryday.

A.alwaysB.usuallyC.sometimesD.never

5.一Howdoesheusuallyetoschool?

He________walkstoschool.Hisfatherneverdriveshimtoschool.

A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.sometimes

6.——HowoftendocsSamgotothegym?

—________.Hedoesn'tlikesports.

A.SeldomB.UsuallyC.OftenD.Always

7.Marydoesiftlikemeatverymuchand________hasitfbrdinner.

A.usuallyB.neverC.alwaysD.often

8.Tinagetstoschoolearlyeveryday.Sheis________latefbrclass.

A.oftenB.usuallyC.neverD.sometimes

9.Jone________brusheshisteethbeforebedtime.Hehasabadtoothache.

A.alwaysB.usuallyC.oftenD.never

10.I___________readbooksafterteno'clock.Becauseit'stoolate.

A.alwaysB.sometimesC.neverD.often

11.Kategoestoschoolearlyeverymorningandsheis________lateforlessons.

A.alwaysB.oftenC.sometimesD.never

12.Rickgetsupearlyeverydayandhe's________latefbrschool.

A.alwaysB.neverC.usuallyD.sometimes

13.Mary________wearsblackclothes.Shedoesn'tlikeblack.

A.usuallyB.oftenC.sometimesD.never

14.—Docsyouryoungerbrotherplayputcrgames?

一No,heplaysthem.Healwaysreadsbooksaboutscience.

A.sometimesB.oftenC.neverD.usually

15.—Mr.Wang________gelsupearly.

一Yes,soheislateforwork.

A.always;alwaysB.always;never

C.always;oftenD.never;never

16.Marygetsuplateandsheisthefirstonetogettotheclassroomallthetime.

A.alwaysB.neverC.usuallyD.often

17.一Peopleshouldpickuptherubbishwhenevertheyseeit.

一That'stnie.It'sgoodfbrtheenvironment.

A.alwaysB.neverC.sometimesD.seldom

18.Lucygetsupearlyeveryweekday.Soshemissesthebus.

A.alwaysB.neverC.usuallyD.sometimes

19.Lucyislateforschool.Sheisalwaysthefirsttoetoschool.

A.oftenB.alwaysC.usuallyD.never

20.IreadinbedbecauseIknowit'sbadfbrmyeyes.

A.alwaysB.usuallyC.sometimesD.never

21.Mr.Whiteiskind,soallofthestudentslikehimverymuch.

A.alwaysB.sometimesC.neverD.often

22.—Doyouusuallygotoschoolbycar,Rick?

—No,.Irideabiketoschooleverydaybecauseit'sgoodfbrmybody.

A.neverB.sometimesC.oftenD.always

23.LiuTaofinisheshishomeworkbeforedinner.Il'sagoodhabit.

A.usuallyB.sometimesC.oftenD.never

24.一Howoftendoyoueatfruits?

一aweek.

A.ThreetimeB.ThreeC.ThreetimesD.Third

25.—Doyouknowthisboy?Heworksreally.

—Yes,Icanseehimplay.Healwaysstudies.

A.hardly;hardlyB.hard;hardlyC.hard;hardD.hardly;hard

26.Tckeepslim,Sandyeatsanysnacksorsweetfood.

A.seldomB.neverC.oftenD.always

27.Lilyismybestfriend.ShemakesmehappywhenI'msad.

A.usuallyB.sometimesC.seldomD.always

28.sayEnglishistoodifficultforustoleam.Wecanlearnitwellwithefforts.

A.AlwaysB.SometimesC.SeldomD.Never

29.—Ella,doyoulikethisgreendress?

—Sorry,Iweargreendresses.Idon'tlikethiscolour.

A.alwaysB.oftenC.sometimesD.seldom

30.Iplaybasketballwithmyfriendsaweek.

A.twiceB.twoC.secondD.twotime

31.—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?

一No,thanks.Idrinkit.Ithirkwateristhebest.

A.oftenB.seldomC.usuallyD.always

32.—Ihate（讨厌）vegetables.Ieatthem.

—Buttheyaregoodforyourhealth!Youshouldeatthemeveryday.

A.alwaysB.seldomC.oftenD.usually

33.Mymotherisverybusy,soshewatchesTVonweekdays.

A.usuallyB.alwaysC.oftenD.seldom

34.TheweatherfineinJuly.

A.usuallyisB.isusuallyC.usuallyD.usuallybe

35.Hetakesabustowork.Butthismorning,herodeabike.

A.neverB.hardlyC.seldomD.usually

36.一Doeshedrinkcoffeeortea?

—Heusuallydrinkstea,buthedrinkscoffee.

A.oftenB.usuallyC.neverD.sometimes

37.—WhydoyoulikeDale?

—BecausehehelpsmewhenIneedhim.

A.neverB.seldomC.sometimesD.always

38.Hamburgersaredelicious,butIeatthem.Theyarenothealthy.

A.oftenB.alwaysC.seldomD.sometimes

39.IgorollerskatingonweekdaysbecauseIdon'thavemuchtime.

A.seldomB.sometimesC.oftenD.usually

40.TheWhitesdon'tliketoeatout.Theycookmealsathome.

A.oftenB.sometimesC.seldomD.never

【课后作业】

I.Writethethirdpersonsingularformofthefollowingverbs(写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式)

1.be2.have

3.do4.go

5.break6.discuss

7.mix8.stay

9.study10.watch

II.Choosethebestanswers(选择最恰当的答案)

()1.capitalofNewZealandisWellington.

A.AB.AnC.TheD./

()2.Theinformationtheprojectsisveryuseful.

A.forB.toC.aboutD.as

()3.StudentsinAmericagotoschooltheageofsix.

A.inB.atC.outsideD.on

()4.Theyalwaystakeadviceandmakedeliciousfoodforus.

A.IB.meC.myD.mine

()5.Thereareschoolclubsinourschool.

A.muchB.lotofC.lotsofD.less

()6.Thebabyusuallywhenheishungry.

A.cryB.iscryingC.criesD.willcry

()7.Idon'tlikethisdress.Pleaseshowmeone.

A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others

()8.Tom,tidyupyourroomquickly.It'stoountidy.

A.toB.don'tC.nottoD./

()9.Canyoutellmeyourschoollifelookslike?

A.whatD.howC.whyD.which

()10.TheyfortheirvacationthisFriday.

A.leaveB.areleavingC.leavesD.willbeleave

()11.There