高一英语（人教版）试题必修一UNIT4单元仿真验收性评价

UNIT4单元仿真验收性评价(时间：100分钟，满分：120分。选择题请在答题区内作答，主观题请在题后作答)第一部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAntarcticDesertTheAntarcticisacontinent(大陆ice.Thereice.ThereishardlyanyrainintheAntarctic,sotheAntarcticDesertbeesthedriestdesertintheworld.Itisalsotheworld'slargestdesertbyarea.SaharaDesertTheSaharaDesertisthehottestofallthedesertsontheearth.ItcoversmostpartsofNorthAfricaandissimilarinsizetothelandareaoftheUSA.Theword“sahara”inArabicmeans“desert”．ArabianDesertTheArabianDesertisinAsiaontheArabianPeninsula.ItcoversalmosttheentireArabianPeninsula.Thesandherehasared－orangecolorandthesurfaceoftheArabianDesertiscoveredmainlybysandhills,somegravelplains(砾石平原)androckyplains.MojaveDesertTheMojaveDesertisintheUSA.ItisthedriestdesertontheNorthAmericancontinent.DeathValley,oneofthehottestareasintheworld,isintheMojaveDesert.MojaveesfromtheSpanishwordfor“besidethewater”.1．Whichisthedriestdesertintheworld?A．TheArabianDesert.B．TheSaharaDesert.C．TheAntarcticDesert.D．TheMojaveDesert.2．WhatistheSaharaDesert?A．Itisthehottestdesertintheworld.B．Itisthelargestdesertintheworld.C．Itisthecoldestdesertintheworld.D．ItisthedriestdesertontheNorthAmericancontinent.3．WhatcoloristhesandintheArabianDesert?A．Red. B．Orange.C．Red－yellow. D．Red－orange.BWhenSimonCanewasinthesecondgrade,hebeganlearningaboutallthewayshumanshaveanimpactontheenvironmentandreallytookthoseclassroomlessonstoheartinawaythatsethimapartfromhisschoolmatesathiselementaryschool,P．S.81,intheBronx.“Hetoldmewedrovetoomuchandmadetoomuchpollution，”hisdad,JonathanCane,toldRunner'sWorld.SoSimonconvincedhisparentstostarthangingtheirclothestodry,takingthestairsinsteadofelevators,andother“green”measures.“FormuchofkindergartenandfirstgradeIrodemybiketoSimon'sschoolwithhimontheback，”Jonathansaid.“Wehadalotoffunbeingoutdoors.We'dstoptogiveourdogtreatsandgenerallyenjoyedit.”AsSimongotbigger,though,itwasn'tpracticalforhimtorideonhisfather'sback,butitalsodidn'tmakesensetoridetogether—bothbecauseofsafetyconcernsandbecausetherewasnoplacetoputawaySimon'sbike.So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe1.5milestoschool.Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoingintothirdgrade,the8－year－oldcameupwithanewwaytohelptheplanet:runningthe1.5milestoP．S.81.AndJonathanpromisedhissonhe'djoinhimforaslongashewanted.“WedidatestrunonedayinAugust,anddecidedtogiveitago.Tobehonest,Ithoughthe'dblink(眨眼)afteritgotreallycoldorrainy,butheneverdid，”Jonathansaid.Herecalledonedaywhentheweatherwasparticularlybad.“It'sreallyrainingouttheretoday，”hetoldSimon.“AndSimonsaid,‘Wellthenwe'regoingtogetwet！’Hetookprideintoughingitout,anditbecameareallyfunfamilyroutine.”Sincethestart,Simonhasrunwithhisdadandtheirblackdog,Lola,andhaseveninspiredhismom,NicoleSinQuee,tojoinin.Theysoonbecameknownas“thefamilythatrunstoschool”．4．WhatmakesSimondifferentfromhisclassmates?A．Washinghisclothesbyhimself.B．Takingmanyclassesafterschool.C．Raisingstrangequestionsinclass.D．Takinggreenmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.5．HowdidSimonusuallygotoschoolinsecondgrade?A．Bycar. B．Bycycling.C．Byrunning. D．Byschoolbus.6．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A．Simonhastroublewithhiseyesight.B．Simonisreallystubbornandinflexible.C．Simonismuchtougherthanexpected.D．Simondidn'tgetsupportfromhisfather.7．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheBestWaytoGotoSchoolB．FatherandSonRunfortheEnvironmentC．ATeenagerKeepsRunningtoInspireFatherD．ThreeInspiringRunningAthletestoProtecttheEnvironmentCEarthquakerescuerobotshaveexperiencedtheirfinaltestsinBeijing.Theirdesignerssaywiththeserobots,rescuerswillbeabletobuymoretimetosavelivesduringanearthquake.Thisrobotlookinglikeahelicopteriscalledthedetector－bot.It'sabout4meterslong,andittookabout4yearstodevelopthemodel.Itsmainfunctionsaretocollectinformationfromtheair,andsendgoodsofupto30kilostopeopletrappedbyanearthquake.Thisrobothasahigh－definition360degreespanoramic(全景)camera.Itcanworkdayandnightandwillalsobeabletosendthelatestpicturesfromthequakearea.DrQiJuntong,theacademicianoftheChineseAcademyofScience,said,“Themostimportantfeatureofthisrobotisthatitdoesn'tneedadistantcontrol.Wejustsetthedestinationinformationonit,andthenittakesoff,andlandsbyitself.Itfliesashighas3,000meters,andasfastas100kilometersperhour.”Thisrobothasadifferentfunction—itcanchangeastheenvironmentchanges.Itsmainjobistosearchforanysignoflifeinplaceswherehumanrescuersareunabletogo.Aswellasadetector(探测器)thatfindsvictimsanddetectspoisonousgas,acameraisplacedinthe40centimeterslongrobot,whichcanworkinthedark.Anotherusefortherescuersisthesupplybot.Withits10－meter－longpipe,peoplewhoaretrappedintheruinswillbeabletogetsuppliesincludingoxygenandliquid.Expertshavesaidthattherobotswillenterproduction,andserveaspartofthenationalearthquakerescueteamassoonasnextyear.8．Accordingtothetext,thisrobot________.A．iscarriedbythehelicopterB．weighsabout30kilosC．hasn'tbeenputintoproductionsofarD．isamachinewithalengthof10meters9．DrQiJuntongthinksthisrobotisdifferentfromtheothersmainlybecause________.A．ithasmorefunctionsB．ithasauniqueshapeC．ithasmoreadvancedcamerasD．itcanworkbyitselfoncegiventheinformation10．Theunderlinedword“which”inparagraph6refersto______.A．adetector B．acameraC．arescuer D．asupply11．Thetextismainlyabout________.A．anintroductiontotherobotB．whattherobotlookslikeC．howtherobotismadeD．informationaboutearthquakesDAlargefloodcausedbyheavyrainsandmeltingmountainsnowrecentlyhitAmerica'sYellowstoneNationalPark.Itcausedwidespreaddamageandresultedinmanychanges.Itchangedthepathofariverpopularforfishingandalsodevastatedhundredsofhomes,bridgesandroadwaysinnearbymunities.Itdrovemorethan10,000visitorsoutofthepark.Luckily,noonewasreportedhurt.However,theparkcouldremainclosedforuptooneweek.Thewateralsowashedawaycampstructures,floodedsmalltownsandcutpowertopartsofsouthernMontanaandnorthernWyoming.TheYellowstoneRiverwasrunningatahistoricallyhighlevelof4.9metersasitflowedpastBillings,Montana'slargestcity.Thecitygotitswaterfromtheriverandwasforcedtocloseitstreatmentplant(工厂)becauseitcouldn'toperateeffectivelywithwaterlevelsthathigh.Billingsofficialssaidthecityonlyhada24－hoursupplyofwater.Theywereaskingpeopletosavewateruntiltherivercoulddropandtheplantcouldrestartoperations.Yellowstoneofficialssaid,“Thenorthernhalfoftheparkislikelytoremainclosedoverthesummer.Thiswillgreatlyaffectlocaleconomiesthatdependonsummertourists.Butwehavefaithintheparkrepairsandeconomicrecovery.”12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“devastated”meaninparagraph2?A．Ruined. B．Promoted.C．Challenged. D．Demanded.13．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A．Thefloodlastedquitelong.B．Thefloodleftbadeffects.C．Thefloodwascausedforsomereasons.D．Thefloodkilled10,000visitors.14．WhathappenedtothetreatmentplantinBillingsaftertheflood?A．Itneedednewequipmenttosupplywater.B．Itcutdownthecity'swatersupplyfor24hours.C．Itwasforcedtooperatein24hours.D．Itstoppedworking.15．What'stheYellowstoneofficials'attitudetotheparkrepairsandeconomicrecovery?A．Positive. B．Doubtful.C．Uncertain. D．Curious.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyyear,wildfiresdestroymillionsofhectaresofforestland.__16__Smokejumpershelptostopthis.__17__Smokejumpersareaspecialtypeoffirefighters.Theyjumpfromplanesorareloweredbyhelicoptersintoareasthataredifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot,suchasthemiddleofamountainforest.Theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Atafiresite,smokejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.Theirmaingoalistostopafirefromspreading.Usingbasicequipmentsuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofburnablematerial,likeplantsandotherdrymaterial.__18__Althoughthemajorityofsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.__19__Forexample,smokejumpersemployedintheUSmustbe120to200pounds(54to91kilograms)sotheydon'tgetblownawaybythestrongwindsorgethurtwhentheyland.Smokejumpersmustalsobecapableofsurvivinginthewilderness.InRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.__20__Butforthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisn'tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28－year－oldRussiansmokejumperAlexiTishinsays，“Thisisthebestjobfortoughguys.”A．Whatisasmokejumper?B．Howdosmokejumpersdoit?C．Moreimportantareyourheightandweight.D．Itmeanstheworkisdangerousandtakesalongtime.E．Andhomesaredamaged,andthousandsofpeopledie.F．Theycarrywaterwiththem,too,butonlyalimitedamount.G．Hotweatherandfast－movingwindsoftenmakethesefiresmoredangerous.第二部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JoelBoyersandhiswife,MelodyAmong,wereheadinghomeintheirhelicopter(直升机)whenhereceivedacallforhelpfromastranger.Thecaller'sbrotherandher__21__weretrappedontheirroofinWaverlybecauseoftherisingfloodwater.Thecaller__22__JoelBoyerstoetotheiraid.BoyerslookedwesttowardsWaverlyatthestormclouds.Awareofthedangerto__23__insuchbadweather,though,he__24__putthebrother'saddressintohis__25__.Soon,heandAmongwereintheair,__26__forwhattheywereabouttoseeinWaverly.Uponarriving,hefoundthewaterbelowwas__27__.Peoplewereholdingontoanythingthatdidn'tmove—roofs,trees.Thefloodingalso__28__cellphoneservice,meaningBoyerscouldn'tusehisphonetolocatethe__29__hewaslookingfor.Heflewonanyway.AsBoyersdrovethehelicopter,Amongbegan__30__peopleonroofsandbridges—anywhereBoyerscould__31__andgetthemonboard.Arescuedmanpointedtoateenager.Theteenagerheldontoabranchwithonehandandtheotherheldadogshe'dsavedearlierwhilebothwere__32__inthecurrent(水流).WithnoplaceforBoyerstoland,he__33__thehelicopteruntilithovered(盘旋)justabovethewaterline.Therescuedmanjumpedoutandswamtothetree,wherehehelpedtheteenandthedogtothe__34__.Thoughtheexperiencewas__35__，Boyersadmitteditwasfun.21．A.neighbour B．wifeC．friend D．daughter22．A.ordered B．attractedC．begged D．challenged23．A.pack B．flyC．quit D．swim24．A.immediately B．secretlyC．gradually D．creatively25．A.card B．pocketC．puter D．phone26．A.unprepared B．intendedC．relieved D．recognized27．A.peaceful B．rapidC．familiar D．clean28．A.revised B．deliveredC．damaged D．registered29．A.house B．treeC．car D．bridge30．A.debatingwith B．adaptingtoC．mentingon D．searchingfor31．A.land B．riseC．jump D．look32．A.training B．exploringC．experimenting D．struggling33．A.reserved B．loweredC．followed D．designed34．A.home B．schoolC．helicopter D．truck35．A.plain B．awkwardC．adventurous D．formal第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Onesummeritstartedtorainhereanddidn'tstopfor14hours.Whenpeoplesawtheirhomes,businesses,roads,andbridges36.____________(destroy)overfloods,theycried.Ofcourse,manypeople37.____________(lose)theirlives.Afteritwasover,peoplewalkedthroughthemud(泥)leftbehind38.____________(find)asmanythingsastheycould.Somecriedsadlyoverwhattheyhadlost.Otherscriedinjoywhentheyfoundtheirlovedonesalive.Whenthewaterwentdown,though,a39.____________(surprise)thinghappened.Peopleimmediatelystartedtohelpeachother.Some40.____________(willing)donatedfood,water,clothing,andcashtohelpthose41.____________hadlosteverything.Otherswentoutinthedeepmud,42.____________(help)cleanupthedamage.Stillothersspenttheirdayscarryingsome43.____________(supply)tothepeoplewhoneededthem.44．____________isunbelievablehowoftentheworstthingsinlifebringoutthebestinus.Thelove,care,andpassion(同情)thatIsawinthosedayshavetouchedmysoul.Ithasmademerealizehowgoodpeoplereallyare.Maywealwaysetogetherinbothgoodandbadtimes.Maywealwaysdoallwecantofillourlife45.____________love.第三部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)(建议教师批阅)第一节(满分15分)假定你是你校英语杂志特约记者，上周你校开展了“LovingParcels”(爱心包裹)捐赠活动，给洪涝灾区的学生捐赠物品。请根据以下内容写一篇新闻报道。1．全校师生捐赠物品；2.填写爱心祝福卡片；3.将包裹寄给灾区学生。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。InplaceslikeCalifornia,theRockyMountains,andtheSouthernUnitedStates,wildfiresareanunavoidablereality.Wildfirescancausedamagetopropertyandhumanlife,buttheyhavemanybeneficialeffectsonnativevegetation(植被),animals,andecosystemsthathaveevolvedwithfires.Theforests,includingpinebarrens,lodgepolepineforestsandmanymore,requirefirestoreproducebecausethetreesintheforestareadaptedtoonlyproduceseedsfollowingamajorfireevent.Therefore,withoutthemmanyoftheseforesttypeswoulddecline.Afirerenewsthewatershed(集水区)inwaysincluding,butnotlimitedto,recyclingofnutrients,increasingfoodsourcesforfishinstreams，supplementtostream－sidevegetation，spreadoffire－adaptedplants，etc.nottomentionrenewalofthesoilchemistrywhichisvitaltotheforestandthewatershed.Thebasisisthatofsomeonewhohasstudiedwildfiresandstreamssincethe1988Yellowstonewildfires.Thesciencebacksuphownaturalwildfirescanbefavorablethroughresearchpublicationafterpublication.It'slike“resettingtheclock”ontheecosystem，allowingtheforesttofunctionsmoothlyalloveragainforanother200years.Bytheway,astandburningfiresuchastheYellowstonefiresof1988alsoresultsinthelandscapeofyoungerforestmendswhichacttoreducethespreadoffuturewildfiresandcanstopamajorwildfireinitstracks.Thebottomlineisthatwemayneedtoday'snaturalwildfirestopreventmoreseriouscatastrophicfireeventsinthefuture.ThatlessonwaslearnedinYellowstonein1988whichwasayearofdisastrouslarge－scalefiresaftermorethan50yearsoffiresuppression(压制)．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________UNIT4单元仿真验收性评价第一部分[A]语篇解读：本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的沙漠。1．选C细节理解题。根据文章AntarcticDesert部分“ThereishardlyanyrainintheAntarctic,sotheAntarcticDesertbeesthedriestdesertintheworld.”可知，南极沙漠是世界上最干的沙漠，故选C。2．选A细节理解题。根据文章SaharaDesert部分“TheSaharaDesertisthehottestofallthedesertsontheearth.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最热的沙漠，故选A。3．选D细节理解题。根据文章ArabianDesert部分“Thesandherehasared－orangecolor”可知，阿拉伯沙漠的颜色是橘红色的，故选D。[B]语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位八岁的男孩SimonCane为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学。4．选D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及最后一句可知，当SimonCane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，并把那些课堂上所学的内容铭记于心，并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境，这使得他与他的同学不同。5．选A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe1.5milestoschool.”可知，二年级时SimonCane主要是坐车去上学。6．选C推理判断题。根据第四段的“‘Tobehonest,Ithoughthe'dblink(眨眼)afteritgotreallycoldorrainy,butheneverdid，’Jonathansaid.”可知，SimonCane比预料的要坚强。7．选B标题归纳题。阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段第一句以及最后一段可知，本文主要讲述了八岁的男孩SimonCane很重视环保，并且为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学，故B项最适合作本文标题。[C]语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点。目前它已经通过测试，最快明年才能投入生产。8．选C细节理解题。根据最后一段“Expertshavesaidthattherobotswillenterproduction，andserveaspartofthenationalearthquakerescueteamassoonasnextyear.”可知，这种机器人最快明年才能投入生产。9．选D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Themostimportantfeatureofthisrobotisthatitdoesn'tneedadistantcontrol.Wejustsetthedestinationinformationonit,andthenittakesoff,andlandsbyitself.”可知，这种机器人最显著的特点是不需要用远程遥控，一旦给它输入信息，它就可以独立工作了。10．选B代词指代题。根据画线词前的“Aswellasadetector(探测器)thatfindsvictimsanddetectspoisonousgas,acameraisplacedinthe40centimeterslongrobot”可知，除了发现受害者和检测有毒气体外，这种40厘米长的机器人上还装有一架照相机，这架照相机可以在黑暗中拍摄和传送照片，此处为非限制性定语从句，which指代的就是先行词acamera。11．选A主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“EarthquakerescuerobotshaveexperiencedtheirfinaltestsinBeijing.”可知，本文介绍了一种新型机器人——地震救援机器人的功能和特点。[D]语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国黄石公园遭遇大洪水，给公园造成了很大破坏和影响。12．选A词义猜测题。根据第一段“Itcausedwidespreaddamageandresultedinmanychanges.”及第二段画线词后文“hundredsofhomes,bridgesandroadwaysinnearbymunities”可知，devastated意思与ruined“毁坏”相近。13．选B细节理解题。根据第二段可知，洪水产生了恶劣的影响。14．选D细节理解题。根据第三段“Thecitygotitswaterfromtheriverandwasforcedtocloseitstreatmentplant(工厂)becauseitcouldn'toperateeffectivelywithwaterlevelsthathigh.”可知，比林斯市的处理厂由于洪水被强行关闭。15．选A推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thenorthernhalfoftheparkislikelytoremainclosedoverthesummer.Thiswillgreatlyaffectlocaleconomiesthatdependonsummertourists.Butwehavefaithintheparkrepairsandeconomicrecovery.”可知，黄石的官员对于公园维修和经济复苏持积极态度。语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了空降森林灭火员(smokejumpers)这一特殊的人群。16．选E后文“Smokejumpershelptostopthis.”中的“this”指的就是火灾造成的损失和伤害，所以E项“同时，家园被毁，成千上万的人失去生命”与前文数百万公顷的森林被烧毁是并列关系，都是火灾造成的损失。故选E。17．选A这一段解释了什么是smokejumper。空格处与下一句“Smokejumpersareaspecialtypeoffirefighters.”构成了自问自答的关系。故选A。18．选F前文谈到了smokejumpers在工作期间需要携带的东西，因此设空处进一步阐述他们也会携带水，too是关键词。故选F。19．选C从后文的例子可知，此处说到了这一职业对于体重的要求，所以选择C项。20．选D由前文可知，smokejumpers必须有野外生存的能力，知道怎样在森林中找到食物，知道怎样用树木制造简单的家具。所以D项“这意味着这项工作是危险的，需要花很长的时间”承接上文。第二部分语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了夫妻二人援救被洪水围困的人们，体现了洪水无情人有情的精神。21．选D根据上文“Thecaller'sbrotherandher”和下文“Theteenager”可知，打电话的人是女的，她打电话说她的家人被困，“女儿”符合语境。22．选C根据上文“trappedontheirroofinWaverlybecauseoftherisingfloodwater”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此打电话的人是恳求JoelBoyers来营救他们。order“命令”；attract“吸引”；beg“恳求”；challenge“挑战”。23．选B根据上文“headinghomeintheirhelicopter(直升机)”可知，他们乘坐直升机回家，因此在如此恶劣条件下飞行是很危险的。故选B。24．选A根据上文“BoyerslookedwesttowardsWaverlyatthestormclouds.”可知，当时乌云密布，情况紧急，因此他立即将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。immediately“立即地”；secretly“秘密地”；gradually“逐渐地”；creatively“创造性地”。25．选D根据下文“Boyerscouldn'tusehisphonetolocate”可知，Boyers不能使用他的手机去定位，由此可知他将求救者弟弟的地址输入手机。故选D。26．选A根据上文“Soon,heandAmongwereintheair”可知，他们很匆忙，还没有准备好会在韦弗利将会看到什么。unprepared“没有准备好的”；intended“计划的”；relieved“放心的”；recognized“公认的”。27．选B根据下文“Peoplewereholdingontoanythingthatdidn'tmove—roofs,trees.”可知，人们紧紧地抓住不能移动的任何东西，由此可知水流很急。peaceful“和平的”；rapid“迅速的”；familiar“熟悉的”；clean“干净的”。28．选C根据下文“meaningBoyerscouldn'tusehisphonetolocatethe”可知，Boyers不能定位到他寻找的房子，因此洪水也破坏了手机服务。revise“复习，修正”；deliver“运送”；damage“破坏”；register“注册”。29．选A根据上文“weretrappedontheirroof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers寻找他们所在的房子。故选A。30．选D根据上文“weretrappedontheirroof”可知，他们被困在屋顶，因此Boyers和Among在搜寻他们。debatewith“争论”；adaptto“适应”；menton“评论”；searchfor“搜寻”。31．选A根据下文“getthemonboard”可知，要让求救者上来，他必须找到着陆(land)的地方。故选A。32．选D根据上文“Theteenagerheldontoabranchwithonehandandtheotherheldadogshe'