2025年外贸函电翻译试题及答案

2025年外贸函电翻译试题及答案

一、单项选择题1.Wearewritingtoyou______thehopeofestablishingbusinessrelations.A.onB.inC.withD.for答案：C2.Pleasequoteusyourbestprice______CIFNewYork.A.onB.atC.forD.with答案：A3.WehavereceivedyourletterofMay10th,______wearegladtoinformyouthatyourorderhasbeenshipped.A.inwhichB.atwhichC.onwhichD.fromwhich答案：A4.Thegoodswillbeshipped______threedays.A.afterB.inC.forD.during答案：B5.Wearelookingforwardto______yourearlyreply.A.receiveB.receivingC.bereceivedD.havereceived答案：B6.Thisofferis______yourreplyreachingusbeforeMay31st.A.subjecttoB.basedonC.duetoD.thanksto答案：A7.Thequalityofthegoodsmustbe______thesample.A.sameasB.similartoC.equaltoD.identicalwith答案：D8.Weregrettoinformyouthatwecan'tacceptyourclaimasthegoodsare______thetermsofthecontract.A.inaccordancewithB.outofC.contrarytoD.dueto答案：A9.Theexporterusuallysendsa______totheimporterwhenthegoodsarereadyforshipment.A.proformainvoiceB.commercialinvoiceC.packinglistD.shippingadvice答案：D10.Theimporterhastoapplyfora______fromthecustomswhenthegoodsarriveattheport.A.certificateoforiginB.billofladingC.customsdeclarationD.inspectioncertificate答案：C二、多项选择题1.Whichofthefollowingarethemaintypesofinternationaltradedocuments?A.CommercialinvoiceB.BillofladingC.InsurancepolicyD.Certificateoforigin答案：ABCD2.Whenwritingabusinessletter,weshouldpayattentionto______.A.clarityB.courtesyC.concisenessD.correctness答案：ABCD3.Thefollowingtermsarerelatedtopriceininternationaltrade______.A.FOBB.CIFC.CFRD.EXW答案：ABC4.Whatarethefunctionsofapackinglist?A.ToshowthedetailsofthegoodspackedB.TohelpintheloadingandunloadingofgoodsC.ToserveasabasisforcustomsinspectionD.Tocalculatethefreight答案：ABC5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasameansofpaymentininternationaltrade?A.RemittanceB.CollectionC.LetterofcreditD.Cash答案：ABC6.Theadvantagesofusingaletterofcreditininternationaltradeinclude______.A.SecurityforboththeexporterandtheimporterB.FacilitationofinternationaltradetransactionsC.ReductionofrisksD.Flexibilityinpaymentterms答案：ABC7.Whennegotiatingacontract,themainpointstobeconsideredare______.A.PriceB.QuantityC.QualityD.Deliverytime答案：ABCD8.Whatshouldanexporterdoifthereisaclaimfromtheimporter?A.InvestigatetheclaimcarefullyB.DecidewhethertoaccepttheclaimornotbasedonthefactsC.TakeappropriatemeasurestosolvetheproblemD.Ignoretheclaim答案：ABC9.Thefollowingarethestepsininternationaltrade______.A.EstablishingbusinessrelationsB.InquiryandofferC.Counter-offerandacceptanceD.Contractnegotiationandconclusion答案：ABCD10.Whichofthefollowingdocumentsareusedforcustomsclearance?A.CommercialinvoiceB.BillofladingC.CertificateoforiginD.Packinglist答案：ABCD三、判断题1.Aproformainvoiceisaformalinvoiceusedforcustomsclearance.(×)2.FOBmeansFreeonBoard,andthesellerisresponsibleforloadingthegoodsonboardtheship.(×)3.Ininternationaltrade,thebuyeralwayspaysthefreight.(×)4.Aletterofcreditisissuedbytheimporter.(×)5.Thequalityofthegoodsshouldbestrictlyinlinewiththecontractrequirements,otherwisetheexportermayfaceclaims.(√)6.Whenwritingabusinessletter,itisnotnecessarytobepolite.(×)7.Theexportercanshipthegoodswithoutwaitingfortheimporter'sreplytotheoffer.(×)8.Abillofladingisonlyareceiptforthegoodsshipped.(×)9.Theimporterhastherighttoinspectthegoodsaftertheyarriveatthedestination.(√)10.Onceacontractissigned,neitherpartycanmakeanychanges.(×)四、简答题1.简述商业发票的作用。商业发票是出口商向进口商开立的发货价目清单，是买卖双方记账的依据，也是进出口报关交税的总说明。它详细列出了货物的名称、规格、数量、单价、总价等内容，有助于进口商了解货物详情，进行付款和记账等操作，同时也是海关进行征税等工作的重要文件。2.说明FOB、CIF、CFR三种贸易术语的异同点。相同点：都是国际贸易中常用的术语，都用于规定货物的价格构成和买卖双方的责任、费用、风险划分。不同点：FOB术语下，卖方在装运港将货物装上船后，风险即转移给买方，买方负责租船订舱和支付运费；CIF术语下，卖方负责租船订舱、支付运费并办理保险，将货物在装运港装上船后，风险转移给买方；CFR术语下，卖方负责租船订舱和支付运费，在装运港装上船后风险转移给买方，但不负责办理保险。3.简述合同磋商的主要环节。合同磋商主要有四个环节。首先是询盘，一方欲购买或出售货物向对方询问交易条件。接着是发盘，一方向另一方提出订立合同的建议。然后是还盘，受盘人对发盘内容提出修改或变更。最后是接受，受盘人无条件同意发盘内容，合同即告成立。4.说明提单的性质和作用。提单具有货物收据、运输合同证明和物权凭证的性质。作为货物收据，它是承运人收到货物后出具的证明；作为运输合同证明，它体现了托运人与承运人之间的运输约定；作为物权凭证，提单的合法持有人有权凭提单向承运人提取货物，也可在载货船舶到达目的港交货之前进行转让或凭以向银行办理抵押货款。五、讨论题1.讨论在国际货物买卖中如何选择合适的贸易术语。选择合适的贸易术语要考虑多种因素。首先是运输条件，若买方有能力安排运输，可选用FOB；若卖方更熟悉运输事宜，CIF或CFR可能更合适。其次是货物特性，如易损坏的货物，选用CIF术语，卖方办理保险可降低风险。还要考虑运费和保险费的波动，以及双方的贸易习惯和市场情况等。综合这些因素，才能选出最有利于交易的贸易术语。2.谈谈如何处理国际贸易中的索赔问题。处理国际贸易索赔问题，首先要认真调查索赔原因，确定责任归属。若属卖方责任，应积极与买方沟通，协商解决方案，如换货、补货、降价等。若因不可抗力等特殊原因导致问题，要及时提供相关证明，争取双方协商解决。在处理过程中要保持冷静和专业，依据合同和相关法律规定，公平合理地解决索赔纠纷，维护双方的合法权益，避免影响后续贸易关系。3.讨论商业信用和银行信用在国际贸易支付中的应用及风险。商业信用下，如汇付和托收，付款依赖买卖双方的信用。汇付中，预付货款对卖方有利但对买方风险大，货到付款则相反。托收中，付款交单对买方较有利，承兑交单对卖方风险大。银行信用主要指