2025-2026学年高考二轮精准复习：说明类阅读理解课件

高三二轮说明文阅读专题2025-2026学年高考二轮精准复习年份ABCD七选五2024年新高考I卷应用文记叙文说明文说明文夹叙夹议2022年新高考I卷应用文说明文说明文说明文说明文2023年新高考I卷应用文夹叙夹议文说明文说明文说明文2020年新高考I卷应用文记叙文记叙文说明文说明文2022全国I卷应用文说明文记叙文夹叙夹议文应用文2021全国I卷应用文说明文记叙文议论文说明文近几年高考阅读理解文章各文体的比重：BYYUSHEN说明文简介

说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁，通过对客观事物进行说明或对抽象事理的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等能有科学的认识。说明文常见类型：研究报告类

问题现象类

新做法新理论类，新事物介绍类1.研究报告类研究报告类说明文语篇结构总分研究结果研究对象研究目的研究过程研究细节总研究结果/研究意义/研究评价研究方法细节理解题主旨大意/最佳标题主旨大意题/细节理解题/推理判断题细节理解题/推理判断题态度题主旨大意题/推理判断题随机分组randomgrouping对照组controlgroup数据统计型statistics案例分析example/case细节理解题/推理判断题举例子(bysettingexamples)作比较-对比说明相异、类比说明相似(bymakingcomparisons)析因果(causeandeffect)列数字(bylistingstatistics/figures/numbers)作诠释(byexplanation)下定义(bydefinition)说明方法作引用(byquoting)作假设(bymakingassumptions)Tip：无论使用哪种说明方法，最终目的都是为了证明段落/文章主旨BYYUSHEN常见设题方式1.与研究结论有关研究结论是此类文章的必考内容。考查形式主要有两种：主旨大意题和最佳标题。研究结论通常在某些固定句型之后，比如：Expertssay...专家说……Theresearchersnoted

that...研究人员注意到……Theresearchersfound

;suggested;shows;indicates

that...研究人员发现……Scientistsreported

that...科学家有报告称……Researchrevealedthat...研究表明……Datashowsthat...数据说明……Oneofhisfirstfindingswasthat...他的第一个发现是……BYYUSHEN常见设题方式2、与研究目的有关研究目的题关注不定式，包括

todo，inordertodo，soastodo，bedesignedto;也可能用以下句式：Thepurpose/aimis...BYYUSHEN常见设题方式3、与研究方法和过程有关这类题目属于细节题。解题的关键在于带着题干中的关键词在文中快速定位，找到答案依据。注意长难句的分析，圈画结构词，尤其是比较结构。长难句分析：一划(二括)“三会意”一划trunk(主干部分):主S.+谓V.+宾(O.)…二括modifiers修饰语部分：介短，从句，非谓语圈画结构词：并列结构and/or

转折but,

比较compare…with/to…，

more…than…,

as/so…as…,

范围from…to…BYYUSHEN研究调查报告阅读方法及解题技巧：一、

略读。重点读首段尾段及每段首句，初步了解研究结果。（阅读过程中标记关键词：表结论/对比/因果等）二、

梳理文章架构，体会作者写作目的及意图。三、仔细阅读题干，根据题目关键词定位到原文，锁定正确答案四、将所有正确答案串联，完美是否完美概括全文重要内容。黑白颠倒又名正反颠倒，反向干扰，比如把肯定的说成否定的，否定的说成肯定的。无中生有文章中完全没有出现过或者无法推断出的信息。信息偷换偷换主语，偷换宾语（又名张冠李戴），偷换概念、偷换时态（e.g.将来时变完成时）、偷换语气（e.g.观点变事实）等。答非所问选项是文章中出现过的正确观点、事实，但不跟题干的问题没有关系。干扰项特征扩缩范围保留原文中的很多词句，但是在细节处进行删减、改动，看上去差不多，但是意思变化（范围扩大或缩小）。信息拼凑截取文章中的一处或多处的只言片语，以此为基础，编造出一个选项，和文意相差甚远。常见的形式有"真假混合"（正确信息和没有根据信息的混合）、"真真瞎编"（正确信息的错误联系）。过度推理备选项虽然是从原文中推理引申出来的，但是却超出了文章允许的范围。考生切勿过度发挥，一切以原文为本。干扰项特征

专项训练:

1.研究结果类

2.研究过程类

3.结果评议类

4.词义猜测类1.研究结果：主旨大意类or最佳标题类2021年6月年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）Para1:Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan“tell”whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeontosomething.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhuman

faces,accordingtoanewstudy.

28.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan

.A.distinguishshapes B.makesenseofhumanfacesC.feelhappyorangry D.communicatewitheachother2021年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江）（Para1）:Researcherssaytheyhavetranslatedthemeaningofgesturesthatwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩)usetocommunicate.Theysaywildchimpscommunicate19specificmessagestooneanotherwitha“vocabulary”of66gestures.ThescientistsdiscoveredthisbyfollowingandfilminggroupsofchimpsinUganda,andexaminingmorethan5,000incidentsofthesemeaningfulexchanges.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ChimpanzeebehaviourstudyachievedabreakthroughB.ChimpanzeesdevelopedspecificcommunicationskillsC.Chimpanzees:thesmartestspeciesintheanimalkingdomD.Chimpanzeelanguage:communicationgesturestranslated（2023佛山一模）

Para1It’snosecretnowthatthemoretimewespendonsocialmedia,themorewefeeldissatisfiedwithourselves.Wetendtocompareourselvestoinfluencersandcelebrities–soit’seasytounderstandhowthatcanaffectourconfidence.

But,howoftenhaveyoufoundyourselfcomparingyourlifetoyourfriends?Engagingwithsocialmediasharedbyourfriendscanbemoredamagingthanlookingatcontentsharedbycelebrities,newresearchhasfound.

28.Whatdidthenewstudyfind?

A.Socialmediainvitesunfavorablecomments.B.Friends’postsaffectusmorethancelebrities’.C.Celebritieshaveanegativeinfluenceonourlife.D.Bodyimagecausesmoreconcernthansociallife.2023广州二模Asforthestudy,it'sinterestingtoseethatwhilethekidssaidtheylovedreal-lifedogsbetter,theyactuallyspentmoretimeinteractingwiththerobot.Icanonlyimaginethatitwasdoingsomeprettyimpressivetricks,somerobotdanceorrobotjokesmaybe,toholdthekids'attentionforthatlong.26.Whichofthefollowingisafindingofthenewstudy?（细节推理）A.Thekidspreferredrobotpetstorealdogs.B.Robotskeptthekids'interestforalongertime.C.Thekids'concentrationwaseffectivelyimproved.D.Robotshadmoretrickstoimpresskidsthanrealdogs.（2024佛山一模）

Thehaloeffectalsoexplainswhysometeachersgivebetter-lookingstudentshighergrades.Onestudylookedatthegradesof4,500pupils,whoweresortedbyvolunteersintothreegroups:below-average,average,andabove-averagelooking.Theresearchersthencompared

students‘gradesbetweenclassestakeninconventionalclassroomswiththosetakenonlinewheretherewasnoface-to-faceinteraction.Theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhowereratedasgood-lookingearnedsignificantlylowergradesinonlinecoursescomparedtoconventionalclassrooms.34.Whatdoesthe4500-pupilstudyfindaboutbetter-lookingstudents?A.Theywerefairlytreatedbytheirteachers.B.Theyprobablyhadnaturallearningabilities.DTheywerelessattentiveinonlinecourses.C..Theywereovervaluedinconventionalclasses.29.Whatdorecentstudiesfocuson?A.Repeatedoccurrenceofcuteexpressions.B.Theimpactoftechnologyonhumanemotions.C.Differentreactionsofagegroupstocuteimages.D.Theneuralmechanismrelatedtodimorphousexpression.旧题重做0320午练试题：Inrecentyears,scientistshavebeenabletousetechnologytodeterminetheneuralmechanismsthatoccurduringcuteaggression.Ina2018studyinFrontiersinBehavioralNeuroscience,Meltzofg,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,andherco-authorsoughttounderstandtheneuralmechanismsassociatedwithcuteaggression.2.研究过程类2024年九省联考Para4

Beginbyhelpingyourchildlearnsympathy(“Beniscrying.What’smakinghimsosad?”),thensuggesthowhecouldresolvetheproblem(“Maybehewouldfeelbetterifyoulethimplaytheball.”).Whenyourchildsharesorshowsempathy(同理心)towardafriend,praisehim(“Benstoppedcrying!Youmadehimfeelbetter.”).Para5Anotherwaytoencouragehealthysocialinteractionisbyencouragingkidstousewords-notfists-toexpresshowtheyfeel.It’salsoimportanttobemindfulofhowyourchild’spersonalityaffectsplaytime.Kidsareeasytogetangrywhenthey’resleepyorhungry,soscheduleplaytimewhenthey’rerefreshed.

3.Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementsinparagraph4?A.Givingexamples. B.Explainingconcepts.C.Providingevidence. D.Makingcomparisons.2.研究过程类旧题重做0320午练试题Para4

Theteamrecruited54volunteersagedbetween18and40,andconnectedthemtoanelectroencephalogram(EEG).Theparticipantsthenlookedatfoursetsofimages.Twosetsfeaturedcutebabiesandbabyanimals,whiletwosetsdisplayed“lesscute"babiesandadultanimals.WiththeEEC,theresearcherscouldmeasureelectricalactivitywithinmillisecondsofitoccurring.Theyfoundgreateractivityafterimagesofcuteanimalsweredisplayed.

30.Howisthestudycarriedoutinparagraph4?A.Byreviewingpreviousstudies.B.Byanalyzingsomedata.C.Byobservingsubjects'responses.D.Byclarifyingsomepoints.3.结果讨论类

（2024佛山一模）

“Therearelotsofthingsthatarebeingusedbyairportstotrytomanagethehabitatandbirdsaroundtheairport,”saidChenJianguo.Airportsneedtomanagebirdhabitatstoreduceorgetridoftreesandplantsthatshelterbirds,oraddresswetlandsthatcanattractbirds.Collectingdataonwhatkindsofbirdsareinvolvedinstrikesisequallyimportantsotheriskscanbetterbemanaged.Manyairportsalsouseaudiblesignalstoscarebirdsaway,suchasthesoundsoffireworks.

31.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Waystostudybirdbehavior.B.Measurestodrivebirdsaway.C.Effortstorestorebirdhabitat.D.Attemptstotakecareofbirds.2021年6月年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）

…….

Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacialexpressionsinhumans.“Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions,”andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Müllersaid.30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Asuggestionforfuturestudies.

B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.C.Amajorlimitationofthestudy.D.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标Ⅱ卷）….“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.35.WhatshouldbedonebeforewecaninteractwithnatureaccordingtoKahn?A.Languagestudy. B.Environmentalconservation.C.Publiceducation. D.Interculturalcommunication.4.词义猜测类2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）Howlongwestayontheclockandhowwespendthattimeareundercarefulexaminationinmanyworkplaces.Theyoungbankerwhoeatslunchathisdeskisprobablyseenasago-getter,whilehiscolleagueswhochatoverarelaxedconference-roommealgetdirtylooksfromthecorneroffice.28.Theunderlinedword“go-getter”inparagraph3referstosomeonewho________.

A.isgoodathandlingpressureB.workshardtobecomesuccessfulC.hasanaturaltalentforhisjobD.getsonwellwithhisco-workersMakeuseofthecontext

研究报告类高考真题

篇章课堂训练1

2023年新课标1卷D篇群体智慧效应TheintroductionofthewisdomofcrowdseffectFurtherexplanationofwisdomofcrowdseffectAnewfindingof“wisdomofcrowdseffect”AfollowupexperimentofthewisdomofcrowdseffectcommentsPara2Para1Para3Para4Para5“Wisdomofcrowds”effectThe

introductionofthewisdomofcrowdseffectFurtherexplanationofwisdomofcrowdseffectAnewfindingofwisdomofcrowdseffectAFollow-upstudyofwisdomofcrowdseffectcomments32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogic(底层逻辑)oftheeffect.C.Thecausesofpeople’serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton’sexperiment33.Navajas’studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif_____.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimatesC.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent34.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’studies?Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.III.Locatetheinformationandchoosetherightanswers.phenomenonAnewfindingResearchobjectAcomment

研究报告类高考真题

篇章课堂训练2

2023新课标Ⅱ卷D篇

①Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.②Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.③Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves.”④Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.⑤Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.⑥“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.phenomenonResearchresultResearchobjectsResearchmethodscomments2023新课标Ⅱ卷D篇

①Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.②Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.③Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves.”④Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.⑤Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.⑥“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.32.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?A.Pocketparksarenowpopular.B.Wildnatureishardtofindincities.C.Manycitiesareoverpopulated.D.Peopleenjoylivingclosetonature.phenomenonResearchresultResearchprocesscomments2023新课标Ⅱ卷D篇

①Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.②Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.③Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves.”④Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.⑤Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.⑥“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.33.Whydidtheresearcherscodeparticipantsubmissionsintocategories?A.Tocomparedifferenttypesofpark-goers.B.Toexplainwhytheparkattractstourists.C.Toanalyzethemainfeaturesofthepark.D.Tofindpatternsinthevisitors’summaries.phenomenonResearchresultResearchprocesscomments2023新课标Ⅱ卷D篇

①Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.②Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.③Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves.”④Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.⑤Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.⑥“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.34.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexamplegiveninparagraph5?A.Walkingisthebestwaytogainaccesstonature.B.Youngpeoplearetoobusytointeractwithnature.C.Thesamenatureexperiencetakesdifferentforms.D.Thenaturelanguageenhancesworkperformance.phenomenonResearchresultResearchprocesscomments2023新课标Ⅱ卷D篇

①Ascitiesballoonwithgrowth,accesstonatureforpeoplelivinginurbanareasisbecominghardertofind.Ifyou’relucky,theremightbeapocketparknearwhereyoulive,butit’sunusualtofindplacesinacitythatarerelativelywild.②Pastresearchhasfoundhealthandwellnessbenefitsofnatureforhumans,butanewstudyshowsthatwildnessinurbanareasisextremelyimportantforhumanwell-being.③Theresearchteamfocusedonalargeurbanpark.Theysurveyedseveralhundredpark-goers,askingthemtosubmitawrittensummaryonlineofameaningfulinteractiontheyhadwithnatureinthepark.Theresearchersthenexaminedthesesubmissions,coding(编码)experiencesintodifferentcategories.Forexample,oneparticipant’sexperienceof“Wesatandlistenedtothewavesatthebeachforawhile”wasassignedthecategories“sittingatbeach”and“listeningtowaves.”④Acrossthe320submissions,apatternofcategoriestheresearcherscalla“naturelanguage”begantoemerge.Afterthecodingofallsubmissions,halfadozencategorieswerenotedmostoftenasimportanttovisitors.Theseincludeencounteringwildlife,walkingalongtheedgeofwater,andfollowinganestablishedtrail.⑤Namingeachnatureexperiencecreatesausablelanguage,whichhelpspeoplerecognizeandtakepartintheactivitiesthataremostsatisfyingandmeaningfultothem.Forexample,theexperienceofwalkingalongtheedgeofwatermightbesatisfyingforayoungprofessionalonaweekendhikeinthepark.Backdowntownduringaworkday,theycanenjoyamoredomesticformofthisinteractionbywalkingalongafountainontheirlunchbreak.⑥“We’retryingtogeneratealanguagethathelpsbringthehuman-natureinteractionsbackintoourdailylives.Andforthattohappen,wealsoneedtoprotectnaturesothatwecaninteractwithit,”saidPeterKahn,aseniorauthorofthestudy.35.WhatshouldbedonebeforewecaninteractwithnatureaccordingtoKahn?Languagestudy. B.Environmentalconservation.C.Publiceducation. D.Interculturalcommunication.phenomenonResearchresultResearchprocesscomments2.问题现象类说明文PREDICTIOINAPhenomenon/Problem

问题现象类模拟题+高考真题

篇章课堂训练1

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehotwetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersismere6,000,whichthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon（eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.小试牛刀大显身手Analyzehowthetextisstructured.(Howmanypartsaredividedandwhataretheyabout?)Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehotwetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersismere6,000,whichthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon（eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.phenomenonreasonsimpactPhenomenonReasonsImpactlanguageshavebeenlesscomingandalotgoing·humanactivities·Dominantlanguagestakingover·unevendistribut