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环球雅思学科教师辅导教案学员编号:SQST88888888年级:高三课时数:3学员姓名:张三辅导科目:英语学科教师:郭中州授课类型T1-状语从句T2–短文改错T3–语法填空星级★★★★★★★★★教学目的掌握各种状语从句练习短文改错和语法填空授课日期及时段2016年5月12日13:00-15:00教学内容T1-T1-状语从句(建议3-5分钟)我学过哪些状语从句?(建议20-25分钟)状语从句在句中作状语,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时,常用逗号分开:放在主句之后,一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意文和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等九种。时间状语从句时间状语从句常用连词有when,as,while,before,after,since,till(until),assoonas,hardly…when…,nosooner…than,themoment等。时间状语从句一般不用将来时,因此,主句若为将来时,时间状语从句要用一般现在时。如:I'llgoonwiththeworkwhenIcomebacktomorrow.when,while与as的异同作为从属连词,三者的意思都是“当…时候”,在用法上有如下异同点。在主句的谓语动词表示短暂动作,而从句说的是一段时间发生的动作时,三个连词都可以。如:Imethimas/when/whileIwasdoingsomeshopping.从句动作发生的时间如果是某一点,而且主句动作同时或几乎同时发生时,不能用while,而只能用when或as。如:Imethimas/whenIwasgettingoffthebus.当从句动作发生在主句动作之前时,只能用when,如:IwillringyouupwhenIreturn.主句用进行时态,从句动作发生的时间如果是某一点,只能用when。如:MymotherwascookingthesupperwhenIgothome.如果主句和从句的动作都在一段时间发生,可用as或while,只不过as强调主句和从句中的动作同时发生,而while强调主句的动作延续于while所指的整个时间。 AsIputonmycoat,somethingfelloutofthepocketontothefloor. Whilehewasinprison,JoeHillcontinuedtowritesongstokeepuptheworker'sfight.when的从属连词用法 when作为从属连词引导时间状语从句,既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后。如:Whenwegothome,itwasalreadyeighto'clock.Comeagainwhenyouhavetime.但在下面这组句子中,when引导的不是时间状语从句,通常不译成“当…的时候”。OneeveningsomeofNapoleon'ssoldiersweredrinkingtogetherwhenayoungFrenchmanbroughtafiendtotheirtable.Hehadjustgotintobedabouthalfpastelevenwhenhefeltthefloorshakingunderhim.AnArabwaswalkingalonethroughthedesertwhenhemettwomen.Iwasjustgoingtoexplainwhenthebellrang.在以上例子中,各句的中心不在前面,而在when引导的分句上。而且when引导的句子说明的情况是事先未曾预料到的,有一定的突然性。when的意思为andatthatmoment或andsuddenly。when引导的这种句子不能放在句首。翻译时常常译成并列句。till(until)表示“一直到…”时,主句用持续性动词的肯定式,从句也用肯定式:表示“直到…才…”,主句用非持续性动词的否定式,从句用肯定式。例如: Hedidnotgetuptillhismothercamein.Heworkeduntilitwasdark.assoonas,和themoment引导的从句表示“—…就…”用nosooner。…than和hardly…when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时;而且主句一般倒装,把助动词had提到前面。例如:AssoonasIfinishthework,I’llgotoseeyou.HardlyhadIenteredtheroomwhenIheardaloudnoise.让步状语从句让步状语从句由although(though),as,evenif,.however,whatever,nomatter+when/how/what/who/where等词引导。though和althoughalthough是较正式语体,语气化(even)though强,且一般用在句首。(even)though比较通俗,较常用。下列情况只能用though:在部分倒装的从句中,如: Youngthoughhewas,hewasburdenedwithabigfamily.在asthough,eventhough等短语中though不能用although代替。值得注意的是,不管though还是although,都不能与but连用。由as引导的让步状语从句由as连词引导的让步从句是一种部分倒装句,其结构通常是:adj.(adv,n或v)+as+主语+谓语+其他成分+(主句)。注意,名词前不用冠词。如:Tallasheis,hecannotreachthetopshelf.(前面是形容词)Fastasheran,hemissedthefirstbus.(前面是副词)Heroassheis,sheismodest。(前面是名词)TryasImight,Icouldn'tliftthestone.〔前面是动词原形〕上述句子中的as都可以用though代替。下面三种结构意思相同:Thoughhewasachild(Childashewas/Childthoughhewas),hehaswonthreegoldmedalsinsports.原因状语从句for,because,since,as表示原因for和because,since,as一样,都可作“因为”讲。但它不表示产生某种结果的必然因果关系,它们之间用逗号分隔开。because表示产生某种结果的必然因果关系,是全句的中心,主句反而成了次要的部分,有时主句甚至可以省略。回答why的问题只能用because.比较: Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet. Thegroundiswetbecauseitrainedlastnight.since和as表示原因的份量不如because那么重,而且通常放在句首。如:Sinceyousayso,Isupposeit'strue. Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.for是个并列连词,只能放在另一个并列分句前面,表示一种推理或解释,或用作附加说明,而不是指理由或原因,语气最弱,一般不放在句首,常译成“因为”,“其理由是”。例如:Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging。 for表示因果关系时,可以同because交替使用,但for前须用逗号,而because则不必。because用于否定句中时,有没有逗号意义是不相同的。I'mnotinterestedinhim,becauseheispoor.(否定主句) 我对他不惑兴趣是因为他很穷。I'mnotinterestedinhimbecauseheispoor.(没有逗号时,否定转移到从句) 我不是因为他很穷才对他感兴趣。条件状语从句条件状语从句用if,unless(if...not),as(so)longas(只要)等词引导,如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时表示:AslongasIlive,Ishallworkhard。IshallnotgotoschoolunlessIfinishmyhomework.※unless与if unless和if都可引导条件状语从句,但意义不同。unless的意思是ifnot,两者常可互换。如:I'llgoifmywifeisinvitedtoo。=Iwon'tgounlessmywifeisinvitedtoo,有时虽没有not,而反义词语也可互换。如:Igoforawalkeverydayifweatherpermits.=Igoforawalkunlessbadweatherstopsme.地点状语从句地点状语从句常用where,wherever等连词引导。Whereveryougo,I'llfollowyou.注意where引导的地点状语从句不要和定语从句相混淆。Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.(状语从句)Weshallgototheplacewhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.(定语从句)结果状语从句结果状语从句一般由so,sothat,的…that,such…that引导,放在主句之后。例如:Theboxissoheavythatnobodycanmoveit. Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveit. Soheavytheboxisthatnobodycanmoveit.(可用倒装结构) 注意不要和定语从句混淆: Zhangjiajieissuchamarvelousplacethateveryonewantstovisitit.(that引导状语从句)张家界是如此神奇的地方,人人都想去游玩。Zhangjiajieissuchamarvelousplaceaseveryonewantstovisit.(as引导状语从句并作宾语)张家界是如此一个人人都想去游玩的神奇的地方。目的状语从句目的状语从句常由sothat,inorderthat,lest/forfearthat等引导,放在主句之后。sothat,inorderthatTheystartedearlysothattheymightarriveintime.=Theystartedearlysoasto/inordertoarriveintime.Heworkshardinorderthathecanservehecountrywell. 注意:sothat和soasto均不能位于句首.与sothat作结果状语的区别。如: Hehurriedtothestationsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.(表目的) =Hegottothestationhurriedlysothathecouldcatchtheearlybus. 他匆匆忙忙赶到车站,为的是能搭上早班车。 Hehurriedtothestationsothathecaughttheearlybus.(表结果) =Hegottothestationhurriedlysothathecaughttheearlybus. =Hegottothestationsohurriedlythathecaughttheearlybus.lest和forfearthat所连接的状语从句里常用should或原形动词以免;生怕;唯恐(that用于fearworry等词之后起连接作用,无实际意义) Theystartedoutearlyforfearthatthey(should)missthetrain. Becarefullestyoufallfromthattree。要当心,以免从树上摔下来。 Iwasafraidlesthemightcometoolate。我怕他来得太晚。(建议10-15分钟)时间状语从句1.Ihavetogiveaspeech,IgetextremelynervousbeforeIstart.(2013山东,28)
A.Whatever B.WheneverC.Whoever D.However2.IhaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyouIcamebackfromabroad.(2013陕西,18)
A.since B.untilC.before D.when3.It’smucheasiertomakefriendsyouhavesimilarinterests.(2013安徽,23)
A.unless B.whenC.eventhough D.sothat4.HesmiledpolitelyMaryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.(2012山东,27)
A.as B.ifC.unless D.though5.Ihadhardlygottotheofficemywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.(2012全国Ⅱ,11)
A.when B.than C.until D.after6.Themapisoneofthebesttoolsamanhashegoestoanewplace.(2012上海,40)
A.whenever B.whatever C.wherever D.however7.ItwasApril29,2011PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.(2011福建,33)
A.that B.when C.since D.before8.Asisreported,itis100yearsQinghuaUniversitywasfounded.(2011四川,6)
A.when B.before C.after D.since9.Hehadnosoonerfinishedhisspeechthestudentsstartedcheering.(2011辽宁,29)
A.since B.asC.when D.than10.Youcan’tborrowbooksfromtheschoollibraryyougetyourstudentcard.(2009上海,32)
A.before B.ifC.while D.as条件状语从句1.wehaveenoughevidence,wecan’twinthecase.(2013重庆,25)
A.Once B.AslongasC.Unless D.Since2.Shesaysthatshe’llhavetoclosetheshopbusinessimproves.(2013江西,28)
A.if B.unless C.after D.when3.Itookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday,Iwantedtohireacar.(2013北京,30)
A.incase B.evenifC.eversince D.ifonly4.One’slifehasvalueonebringsvaluetothelifeofothers.(2012江苏,30)
A.sothat B.nomatterhowC.aslongas D.exceptthat5.ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficultiesitgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.(2012福建,30)
A.if B.unlessC.because D.since6.Allthephotographsinthisbook,statedotherwise,datefromthe1950s.(2012陕西,25)
A.unless B.untilC.once D.if7.Hehadhiscamerareadyhesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.(2011山东,28)
A.evenif B.ifonly C.incase D.sothat8.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,accompaniedbyanadult.(2010山东,28)
A.once B.whenC.if D.unless让步状语从句1.Heissobusy.Hecannotaffordenoughtimewithhissonhewantsto.(2013四川,7)
A.evenif B.asif C.because D.before2.small,thecompanyhasabout1,000buyersinover30countries.(2013天津,5)
A.As B.IfC.Although D.Once3.Onecanalwaysmanagetodomorethings,nomatterfullone’sscheduleisinlife.(2013辽宁,24)
A.how B.whatC.when D.whereA.whatever B.whoeverC.wherever D.whichever5.IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA.(2012湖南,28)
A.While B.Once C.If D.Until6.hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.(2012湖南,32)
A.However B.WhateverC.Whichever D.Whenever7.Hotthenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.(2012陕西,18)
A.although B.asC.while D.however8.—Lookatthoseclouds!—Don’tworry.itrains,we’llstillhaveagreattime.(2012北京,21)
A.Evenif B.AsthoughC.Incase D.Ifonly9.Idon’tbelievewe’vemetbefore,Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.(2012新课标全国,25)
A.therefore B.althoughC.since D.unless10.Itwasanicemeal,alittleexpensive.(2011全国Ⅱ,19)
A.though B.whetherC.as D.since11.volleyballishermainfocus,she’salsogreatatbasketball.(2011北京,29)
A.Since B.Once C.Unless D.While12.allofthemarestrongcandidates,onlyonewillbechosenforthepost.(2011陕西,19)
A.Since B.WhileC.If D.As13.Toshowourrespect,weusuallyhavetotakeourglovesoffwearetoshakehandswith.(2011重庆,30)
A.whichever B.wheneverC.whoever D.wherever其他状语从句1.MarkneedstolearnChinesehiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.(2013山东,26)
A.unless B.untilC.although D.since2.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisentherewasnothingayearagobutruins.(2012山东,32)
A.when B.where C.before D.until3.Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you’dbetterstayyouareandwaitforhelp.(2012四川,10)
A.why B.where C.who D.what4.Everythingwasplacedexactlyhewanteditforthegraduationceremony.(2012天津,14)
A.while B.when C.where D.though5.Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhardtherestofuscanliveasafelife.(2011上海,37)
A.incase B.asifC.inorderthat D.onlyif6.Jackwasn’tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathimhehaddonesomethingveryclever.(2011湖南,33)
A.asif B.incase C.while D.though7.Today,wewillbeginwestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.(2010重庆,32)
A.when B.where C.how D.whatscore:____________(建议3-5分钟)Step1.思考回忆所学知识点Step2.错题回顾T2-短文改错(建议3-5分钟)各个击破(建议15-20分钟)(2013陕西)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线(),并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。MygrandfatherandIenjoyfishing.OneSundaymorningwegofishingatalake.Wetookoursfishingpolesandheadedforthelake.Assoonaswearrived,sowedroppedthelinesintothewater.Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.Iwantedtogiveup,andmygrandfathertoldmetowaitalittlelonger.Finally,therewereasuddenpullatthepoleandfishwascaught.Withinthenextfewminute,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.Felthungry,webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.Itwasdelicious.(建议10-15分钟)(历年高考真题)答案:MygrandfatherandIenjoyfishing.OneSundaymorningweQUOTEfishingatalake.WetookQUOTEfishingpolesandheadedforthelake.Assoonaswearrived,sowedroppedthelinesintothewater.QUOTEwaitingforabouthalfanhour,IwasbeginningtogetQUOTE.Iwantedtogiveup,QUOTEmygrandfathertoldmetowaitalittlelonger.Finally,thereQUOTEasuddenpullatthepoleandQUOTEfishwascaught.WithinthenextfewQUOTE,mygrandfatheralsocaughtafish.QUOTEhungry,webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.Itwasdelicious.剖析:1.句中出现了时间状语OneSundaymorning且整篇文章说的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时。2.修饰名词短语fishingpoles应用形容词性物主代词。3.分析句子结构可知,此处是assoonas引导的时间状语从句,so多余。4.根据句子意思可知,此处指的是在等了大约半个小时之后。故应用after。5.get是系动词,后面要用形容词作表语。6.根据上下文的意思可知,此处表示转折,而非并列。7.在therebe句型中,be的变化要和后面的名词保持一致。根据后面的asuddenpull可知,谓语动词要用单数形式。8.此处用不定冠词a,表示泛指。9.few后面跟可数名词的复数形式。10.根据句子结构可知,feel与其逻辑主语we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故应用现在分词作状语,表示原因。(建议3-5分钟)Step1.思考回忆所学知识点Step2.错题回顾T3T3-语法填空TheMinistryofEducationonTuesdayreleasedsomei
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