湖南省部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期入学学科素养测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期入学学科素养测试英语试题一、在下列每题的四个选项中选出正确的答案(每题1分，共20分)1.Itisnotunusualforteenagersofyourgenerationtobeattractedtocomputergames.A.主语 B.宾语 C.宾补 D.状语【答案】A【详析】考查句子成分。句意：你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏吸引并不罕见。分析句子可知，这里考查固定句型itisadj.forsbtodosth，表“做某事对于某人来说是...”，本句中it作形式主语，而不定式tobeattractedtocomputergames为逻辑主语。故选A项。2.Henoticedamanentertheroom.（判断句子结构）A.SP（主语＋系表结构） B.SVOC（主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语）C.SVA（主语＋谓语动词＋状语） D.SVIODO（主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）【答案】B【详析】考查句子结构。句意：他注意到一个人进了房间。主语为He；noticed为谓语动词；aman为宾语；entertheroom为宾语补足语。故为SVOC。故选B。3.Youshouldfindthe________oflifefirst,oryouwillgetlosteasily.A.position B.direction C.condition D.situation【答案】B【详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你应该首先找到生活的方向，否则你很容易迷失。A.position位置；B.direction方向；C.condition条件；D.situation情况。只有找到生活的方向才不会迷失，空格处应表达“方向”，故用direction。故选B。4.—It’ssaidthatthetwo________doctorshavejustcomebackfromShanghai.—Yeah.Iknowthem.Theyarebothalreadyintheir________.A.woman;forty B.women;fortieth C.women;forties D.woman;forties【答案】C【详析】考查名词和数词。句意：——据说这两位女医生刚从上海回来。——是的，我认识她们。她们都已经四十多岁了。第一空作定语，修饰复数名词doctors，woman需用复数形式；第二空，表达“某人几十多岁”时，需用“inone’s+逢十的基数词复数”。故选C。5.ThreeastronautsfromShenzhou18________enteredtheTiangongspacestationonApril26.A.kindly B.widely C.clearly D.successfully【答案】D【详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：4月26日，神舟十八号的三名宇航员成功进入天宫空间站。A.kindly和蔼地；B.widely广泛地；C.clearly清晰地；D.successfully成功地。根据“enteredtheTiangongspacestation”可知，此处指成功进入天宫空间站，应用副词successfully修饰动词entered，符合语境。故选D。6.—Canthemonitorhelpuswiththeproblem,Alex?—Yes,hispromiseis________gold.Trusthim!A.asgoodas B.aslongas C.aswellas D.asmuchas【答案】A【详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：——班长能帮我们解决这个问题吗，亚历克斯？——是的，他的承诺是可靠的。相信他！A.asgoodas和……一样好，几乎，差不多；B.aslongas只要，和……一样长；C.aswellas和……一样好，也；D.asmuchas和……一样多，多达。根据Trusthim!可知，此处表示班长的承诺是可靠的，asgoodasgold表示“非常可靠”，符合语境。故选A。7.—Ourforeignteacher________forAustraliaonSunday.Shallwegotoseehimoffattheairport?—Goodidea!Thankstohim,wehavemuchprogressinEnglish.A.isleaving B.left C.hasleft D.wasleaving【答案】A【详析】考查动词时态。句意：——我们的外教周日将动身去澳大利亚。我们去机场为他送行好吗？——好主意！多亏了他，我们的英语有了很大进步。根据“onSunday”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，leavefor表示“动身去……”，空处使用现在进行时表示将来，主语Ourforeignteacher是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选A。8.I________alotsinceIstartedjuniorhighschool.A.havechanged B.changed C.waschanging D.Change【答案】A【详析】考查动词时态。句意：自从我上初中以来，我改变了很多。根据“sinceIstartedjuniorhighschool”可知，change“改变”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语是I，所以助动词用have，谓语为havechanged。故选A。9.Alotofteenagersthinkastheyareolderandwiser,they________tomaketheirowndecisions.A.shouldallow B.shouldn’tallow C.shouldbeallowed D.shouldn’tbeallowed【答案】C【详析】本题考查被动语态。句意：很多青少年认为随着他们长大而且更聪明了，他们应该被允许自己做决定。此处表示“应该被允许”，主语they跟allow之间是被动关系，含情态动词的被动语态的结构是“情态动词+be+动词的过去分词”，结合句意，故选C。10.—YoucanhardlyimaginehowhardTompractised________theP.E.exam.—Oh,Iseehimrunningaloneintheplaygroundeveryday.A.pass B.passing C.topass D.passed【答案】C【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：——你几乎无法想象汤姆为了通过体育考试练习得多么辛苦。——哦，我看到他每天独自在操场上跑步。howhardTompractised是宾语从句，句中已有谓语practised，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意，汤姆练习得辛苦是为了通过体育考试，所以空处应使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选C。11.ThecartoonmovieNeZha2showshowimportantitis________theunfairnessintheworld.A.tofight B.toadmire C.toaccept【答案】A【详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：动画电影《哪吒2》展示了对抗世界上的不公平是多么重要。A.tofight对抗；B.toadmire钦佩；C.toaccept接受。根据“theunfairnessintheworld”可知，此处指对抗世界上的不公平，tofight符合语境。故选A。12.Weliveinaninformationage,sowehavemorechances________ourselves.A.toimprove B.improve C.improved D.improves【答案】A【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们生活在一个信息时代，所以我们有更多提升自己的机会。havechancestodosth.为固定短语，意为“有机会做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式，作后置定语，修饰chances。故选A。13.Theriver________throughHuai’aniscalledtheGrandCanal(大运河).A.flows B.flowed C.flowing D.toflow【答案】C【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：流经淮安的这条河被称为大运河。句中已有iscalled，空处作后置定语修饰名词Theriver，Theriver和flow之间是主动关系，应用现在分词flowing作后置定语。故选C。14.Listen!Canyouhearsomeone________inthenextroom?A.sing B.singing C.tosing D.sings【答案】B【详析】考查现在分词。句意：听！你能听到有人在隔壁房间唱歌吗？根据Listen！以及someone与sing为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故选B项。15.Noonespeakstoher,soshealwaysfeels________.A.leavingout B.leaveout C.leftout D.leavesout【答案】C【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：没人跟她说话，所以她总觉得自己被忽略了。本句谓语为speaks和feels，此处为非谓语动词，且she与leaveout“忽略，冷落”为被动关系，本空应用过去分词短语leftout，作表语。故选C。16.Shespoke________tothefrightenedchild.A.gently B.gentle C.gentleman D.gentlely【答案】A【详析】考查副词。句意：她温柔地对那个受惊的孩子说话。A.gently温柔地；B.gentle温柔的；C.gentleman绅士；D.gentlely单词拼写错误。根据“tothefrightenedchild”以及常识可知，此处指温柔地和孩子说话，应用副词gently修饰动词spoke，gentle是形容词，gentleman是名词，gentlely单词本身拼写错误。故选A。17.Heworkshardandisoften________.Ihopehewillhavemore________athisbusiness.A.successful;success B.success;successfulC.successfully;successful D.successful;successful【答案】A【详析】考查形容词、名词和副词辨析。句意：他工作努力，经常成功。我希望他在生意上能有更多的成功。successfuladj.成功的；successn.成功；successfullyadv.成功地。第一个空在系动词is后，用形容词successful作表语，表明主语He的状态；第二个空作宾语，用名词success。故选A项。18.Wecanputtwowordstogethertocreatenewwords.Theyarecalledcompoundwords(复合词).Whichofthefollowingisnotacompoundword?A.blackboard B.earphones C.meaningful D.homework【答案】C【详析】考查复合词辨析。句意：我们可以将两个词组合在一起形成新词，它们被称为复合词。下列哪个不是复合词？A.blackboard黑板；B.earphones耳机；C.meaningful有意义的；D.homework家庭作业。blackboard由black“黑色的”和board“板”组成，是复合词；earphones由ear“耳朵”和phones“（电话，此处指听筒之类的设备）”组成，是复合词；meaningful由meaning“意义”和形容词后缀-ful构成，属于派生词，不是复合词；D.homework由home“家”和work“工作”组成，是复合词。故选C。19.Wecannotadd‘un-’to________togiveittheoppositemeaning.A.possible B.happy C.interesting D.friendly【答案】A【详析】考查前缀用法辨析。句意：我们不能在哪个词前加‘un-’来使其意义相反？A.possible可能的；B.happy高兴的；C.interesting有趣的；D.friendly友好的。possible反义词为impossible，使用前缀im-，而非un-；happy反义词为unhappy，可加un-构成反义词；C.interesting反义词为uninteresting，可加un-构成反义词；D.friendly反义词为unfriendly，可加un-构成反义词。故选A。20.Therearemanymodelsofplacesof________fromallovertheworldintheWorldPark.A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.moreinteresting【答案】A【详析】考查名词。句意：在世界公园里有许多来自世界各地的名胜古迹的模型。placesofinterest“名胜古迹”为固定短语。interest作介词of宾语，介词短语“ofinterest”作定语修饰places。故选A项。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空(每题1分，共10分)21.Itwas________(possible)foranyonetogetinbecausenooneknewthepassword(密码).(所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】impossible【详析】考查形容词。句意：任何人都不可能进去，因为没有人知道密码。根据句意、提示词及空前的was可知，空处应使用possible的否定形容词impossible，作was的表语，表达“不可能的”之意。故填impossible。22.It’svery________(danger)toplaysocceronthestreet.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】dangerous【详析】考查形容词。句意：在街上踢足球是非常危险的。形容词dangerous作表语。故填dangerous。23.Whatisthe________(village)dream?Doyouthinktheirdreamcancometrue?(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】villagers’【详析】考查名词所有格。句意：村民们的梦想是什么？你认为他们的梦想能实现吗？此处表示“村民们的梦想”，应用名词villager“村民”的所有格形式，根据theirdream可知，此处应用villager的复数形式villagers，其所有格形式为villagers’。故填villagers’。24.MrBlackgaveussome________(suggest)onhowtolearnEnglishwell.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】suggestions【详析】考查名词。句意：布莱克先生给了我们一些关于如何学好英语的建议。提示词作宾语，用可数名词suggestion，意为“建议”，有some修饰，用复数形式。故填suggestions。25.Martinhasreceivedan________(invite)totheeveningparty.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】invitation【详析】考查名词。句意：马丁收到了参加晚会的邀请。空处作received的宾语，应填名词invitation“邀请”，根据an可知，用其单数形式。故填invitation。26.Eatingtoomuch________(fry)foodisunhealthy.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】fried【详析】考查形容词。句意：吃太多油炸食品不健康。本空修饰名词food，作前置定语，用形容词fried“油炸的”。故填fried。27.Afterwaitingforhalfanhour,shegot________(patient)andwantedtomove.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】impatient【详析】考查形容词。句意：等了半个小时后，她不耐烦了，想走了。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，根据句意，此处表示“不耐烦的”用patient的反义词impatient。故填impatient。28.Thetableandchairswereput________(regular)afteracrazyparty.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】regularly【详析】考查副词。句意：一场疯狂的派对过后，桌子和椅子被整齐地摆放好了。副词regularly在句中作状语，修饰动词wereput。故填regularly。29.It’srighttosay“no”toyourparentswhenyou________(agree)withthem.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】disagree【详析】考查动词。句意：当你不同意父母的意见时，对他们说“不”是对的。根据“say“no”toyourparents”可知，此处指不同意父母的意见，需用agree的否定形式disagree“不同意”，在when引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，根据主句is可知，句子使用一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词用原形形式。故填disagree。30.Pleaseremembertokeepthedoor________(lock)whenyouleavetheoffice.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】locked【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你离开办公室时，请记得锁好门。本句谓语为remember，此处为非谓语动词，且thedoor与lock“锁”为被动关系，用过去分词locked，作宾语补足语。故填locked。三、完成下列句子(每题2分，共10分)31.Mydream________________(是成为一名设计师).(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】istobecomeadesigner【详析】考查动词不定式。句意：我的梦想是成为一名设计师。表示“是”应用be动词，本句描述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语为Mydream，be动词应用is。表示“成为”用become，对主语dream进行说明，用不定式作表语，表示“一名设计师”应用adesigner。故填istobecomeadesigner。32.Doyouthinkpapermoney________________(代替)byelectronicmoneyinthefuture?(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】willbereplaced/willbetakentheplaceof【详析】考查动词、动词短语和时态语态。句意：你认为将来纸币会被电子货币代替吗？根据汉语提示可知，“代替”可使用动词replace或动词短语taketheplaceof，和主语papermoney之间是被动关系，且由时间状语inthefuture可知，句子应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填willbereplaced/takentheplaceof。33.________________(让我吃惊的是),myfatherrepairedmybikeformeyesterday.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】Tomysurprise【详析】考查固定短语。句意：让我吃惊的是，我父亲昨天帮我修了自行车。根据汉语提示“让我吃惊的是”可知，此处为固定短语toone’ssurprise“让某人吃惊的是”，句首单词，首字母需大写，表示“我的”，用形容词性物主代词my。故填Tomysurprise。34.________________(他的到来)mademehappy.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】Hiscoming/Thathecame【详析】考查动名词或者从句。句意：他的到来使我开心。句首需要一个主语来表示“他的到来”。可用Hiscoming，是动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语；或用Thathecame，是主语从句，that不做任何成分，也不能省略。首字母大写。故填Hiscoming/Thathecame。35.______(沉浸在游戏中),thesechildrendidn’tfeelhungryatall.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】Absorbedintheirgame【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些孩子全神贯注地玩游戏，一点也不觉得饿。根据所给中文提示词，“沉浸在”为固定搭配：beabsorbedin意为“全神贯注于”，又因本句已有谓语动词，所以可以去掉be动词，用过去分词作原因状语，“游戏中”意为“theirgame”。故填Absorbedintheirgame。四、阅读理解(每题2.5分，共35分)AEstherWangappearedjusthoursaftertherescueoperationtofindherwascalledoffforthenight.WanggotseparatedfromherhikinggrouponatrailatGoldenEarsParkinBritishColumbiaataround3p.m.onTuesday,June27.AccordingtotheRoyalCanadianMountedPolice(RCMP),about54hoursaftershewentmissing,the16-year-oldgirlshowedupfromthedenselyforestedandmountainousareaataround9:30p.m.onJune29,walkingoutontheverysamepathshehadbeentraveling.SixteenteamswereinvolvedinthesearchfromacrosstheFraserValleyandLowerMainlanduptotheSea-to-Skycorridor,“Sheisfine,justextremelytiredandsore,bittenbymosquitoes.”RCMPleaderKeithSchendeltoldCityNews.“Sosheisgoingtobetakingsometimetorest.Herparentshadbeentherefromtheday'srescueeffortsandshewalkedprettymuchrightintotheirarms.”AccordingtothelettersentbythegirltoCTVNews,Wangwasfilledwithhopelessnessandfear,butsheknewshecouldn’tgiveup.Shewrotethatshesuddenlyslippedandhitherheadonsomerocksatonepointandlostherphoneduringtheterrifyingsituation.ShemanagedtogettoariverandthenfollowedthestreamtoagravelpathwhichtookhertoHiker’sBeach.Butthingsstartedtoslowlytakeaturnfortheworseuntilitgotbetter.“Ibegantofeeldizzy,andIstartedtoimaginethingsinfrontofmewhenthereclearlywasn’tanyonearoundme,”shewroteinherletter.“Icontinuedtoencouragemyselftokeepmovingforwardandnottogiveupyet.Itwasaround9:15p.m.whenthegravelroadendedattheGoldCreekparkinglot,andIcouldseesomepeopleinthedistance.Iwavedandimmediately,IrecognizedmyparentsandItriedtoruntowardsthem.”Wangwasreunitedwithherfamilyfollowingahealthassessment.36.WhatdoweknowaboutthegirlfromSchendel’swords?A.Shehadnoseriousinjuries. B.Shewassufferingemotionally.C.Sherecoveredphysicallysoon. D.Shewasgratefultotherescuers.37.Whatcausedthegirl'sterrifyingsituationaccordingtothetext?A.Hercarelessness. B.Hersuddenaccident.C.Herphysicalweakness. D.Herpoorsenseofdirection.38.WhatdidthegirlmainlydescribeinherlettertoCTVNews?A.Howshefeltafterbecominglost. B.Howshewashelpedwheninhorror.C.Howshemanagedtoreturntosafety. D.Howshewasseparatedfromhergroup.【答案】36.A37.B38.C【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了16岁的女孩EstherWang在迷路约54个小时后，凭着自己的毅力走出困境的故事。【36题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“SixteenteamswereinvolvedinthesearchfromacrosstheFraserValleyandLowerMainlanduptotheSea-to-Skycorridor,“Sheisfine,justextremelytiredandsore,bittenbymosquitoes,”RCMPleaderKeithSchendeltoldCityNews.(16支队伍参与了从弗雷泽河谷和低陆平原到海天走廊的搜索。“她很好，只是非常疲倦和酸痛，被蚊子咬了，”皇家骑警队长基思·申德尔告诉《城市新闻》)”可知，EstherWang没有受重伤。故选A项。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Shewrotethatshesuddenlyslippedandhitherheadonsomerocksatonepointandlostherphoneduringtheterrifyingsituation.ShemanagedtogettoariverandthenfollowedthestreamtoagravelpathwhichtookhertoHiker’sBeach.(她写道，在这种可怕的情况下，她突然滑倒，头撞到了岩石上，手机也丢了。她设法来到一条河边，然后沿着小溪来到一条砾石小路，这条小路把她带到远足者海滩)”可知，突然的意外导致了这个女孩的可怕处境。故选B项。【38题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butthingsstartedtoslowlytakeaturnfortheworseuntilitgotbetter.“Ibegantofeeldizzy,andIstartedtoimaginethingsinfrontofmewhenthereclearlywasn’tanyonearoundme,”shewroteinherletter.“Icontinuedtoencouragemyselftokeepmovingforwardandnottogiveupyet.Itwasaround9:15p.m.whenthegravelroadendedattheGoldCreekparkinglot,andIcouldseesomepeopleinthedistance.Iwavedandimmediately,IrecognizedmyparentsandItriedtoruntowardsthem.”Wangwasreunitedwithherfamilyfollowingahealthassessment.(但情况开始慢慢恶化，直到好转。她在信中写道：“我开始感到头晕，我开始想象我面前的东西，而我周围显然没有人。”“我一直鼓励自己继续前进，不要放弃。晚上9点15分左右，砂砾路在金溪停车场尽头，我可以看到远处有些人。我挥了挥手，立刻认出了我的父母，我试着向他们跑去。”在进行健康评估后，Wang与家人团聚)”可知，这个女孩在给CTV新闻的信中主要描述了她是如何安全返回的。故选C项。BStudentswhoarebetterabletounderstandandmanagetheiremotionseffectively,askillknownasemotionalintelligence(EI),dobetteratschoolthantheirless-skilledclassmates,accordingtoresearchpublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.“It’snotenoughtobesmartandhardworking.Studentsmustalsobeabletounderstandandmanagetheiremotionstosucceedatschool,”saidCarolynMacCann,leadauthorofthestudy.MacCannandhercolleaguesanalyzeddatafrommorethan160studies,representingmorethan42,000studentsfrom27countries,publishedbetween1998and2019.Thestudentsrangedinagefromprimaryschooltocollege.TheresearchersfoundthatstudentswithhigherEItendedtogethighergradesandbetterachievementtestscoresthanthosewithlowerEIscores.Thisfindingheldtrueevenwhencontrollingforintelligenceandpersonalityfactors.Whatwasmostsurprisingtotheresearcherswastheassociationhelddespitedifferentages.AsforwhyEIcanaffectacademicperformance,MacCannbelievesanumberoffactorsmaycomeintoplay.“StudentswithhigherEImaybebetterabletomanagenegativeemotions,suchasanxiety,boredomanddisappointment,whichcannegativelyaffectacademicperformance,”shesaid.“Also,thesestudentsmaybebetterabletomanagethesocialworldaroundthem,formingbetterrelationshipswithteachers,classmatesandfamily,allofwhichareimportanttoacademicsuccess.”Finally,theskillsrequiredforEI,suchasunderstandinghumanmotivationandemotion,mayoverlapwith(与……重叠)theskillsrequiredtomastercertainsubjects,suchashistoryandlanguage,givingstudentsanadvantageinthosesubjectareas,accordingtoMacCann.However,MacCanncautionsagainstwidespreadtestingofstudentstoidentifyandtargetthosewithlowEIasitmaystigmatize(给……打上烙印)thosestudents.Instead,sherecommendsinterventionsthatinvolvethewholeschool,includingadditionalteachertrainingandafocusonteacherwell-beingandemotionalskills.“Programsthatintegrateemotionalskilldevelopmentintotheexistingcurriculumwouldbebeneficial,asresearchsuggeststhattrainingworksbetterwhenrunbyteachersratherthanexternalspecialists,”shesaid.“Increasingskillsforeveryone—notjustthosewithlowEI—wouldbenefiteveryone.”39.WhatsurprisedtheresearchersmostduringMacCann’sstudy?A.IntelligencematteredmorethanEIforacademicsuccess.B.EIhadaneffectonlearningforstudentsofallages.C.CollegestudentsbenefitedmorefromEIthanpupils.D.Personalityaffectedacademicperformancegreatly.40.WhatdoesMacCannsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Equippingteacherswithemotionalskills.B.DesigningteststoidentifystudentswithlowEI.C.DevelopingspecialprogramsforstudentswithlowEI.D.Employingemotionalspecialiststogivetrainingtostudents.41.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShouldEIbetaughtinschool?B.HowcanstudentsdevelophighEI?C.StudentswithhighEIdobetterinschoolD.Goodstudentsdobetterinmanagingemotions【答案】39.B40.A41.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项关于情商对学业成绩影响的研究。研究表明，能够更好地理解和有效管理自己情绪的学生在学校表现更好，这一发现适用于从小学到大学各个年龄段的学生。研究还探讨了情商如何影响学业成绩的原因，并提出了相应的建议。【39题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whatwasmostsurprisingtotheresearcherswastheassociationhelddespitedifferentages.(最让研究人员感到惊讶的是，尽管年龄不同，但这种关联仍然存在。)”可知，最让研究人员惊讶的是情商对各个年龄段学生的学习都有影响。故选B项。【40题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Instead,sherecommendsinterventionsthatinvolvethewholeschool,includingadditionalteachertrainingandafocusonteacherwell-beingandemotionalskills.(相反，她建议采取涉及整个学校的干预措施，包括额外的教师培训，并关注教师的福祉和情绪技能。)”可知，MacCann建议为教师配备情绪技能方面的培训。故选A项。【41题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Studentswhoarebetterabletounderstandandmanagetheiremotionseffectively,askillknownasemotionalintelligence(EI),dobetteratschoolthantheirless-skilledclassmates,accordingtoresearchpublishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation.(根据美国心理学会发表的一项研究，能够更好地理解和有效管理自己情绪的学生，即具有情商这一技能的学生，在学校表现比那些情商较低的同学更好。)”可知，文章主要讲述了情商对学业成绩的影响，情商高的学生在学校表现更好。C项“StudentswithhighEIdobetterinschool(情商高的学生在学校表现更好)”符合文章主旨，适宜作为标题。故选C项。CDoyoueverhearafriendspeakonatopicwiththebeliefthat“everyone”thinksthesameway?Doyouoftenfindyourselfsurroundedinasocialmediafeedthatiscompletelytailored(订做的)toyouandyourbeliefs,readingalongwithouttheimmediaterealization?Asocialmediaechochamber(社交媒体回音室)iswhenoneexperiencesatailoredmediainformationthatleavesoutopposingviewpointsanddifferingvoices.SocialmediasiteslikeFacebook,Twitter,andYouTubeconnectgroupsoflike-mindeduserstogetherbasedonsharedcontentpreferences.Asaresult,peopleseeandtakeininformationaccordingtoourpreexistingbeliefsandopinions.Socialmediacompaniesthereforerelyonalgorithms(算法)toassessourinterestsandflooduswithinformationthatwillkeepourattention.Thealgorithmsfocusonwhatwe“like”,and“share”tokeepfeedingcontentthatmakesuscomfortable.Inordertotrulygetaccesstoallinformationandtoevaluateourmedia,wemustgiveourselvestheopportunitytostepoutofourcomfortzone.Whilethisbecomesincreasinglychallenging,therearethingswecando.Thefirststepistobeefupyourmediasources.Addinginafewmediasourceswithdifferentopinionswillallowyoutoatleastunderstandwhatpeoplearesayingoutsideofyourechochamber.Next,readeachthingyouseewithacriticaleye.Makesurethateachthingyouacceptastruthistrulyfact.Lastly,attempttosearchoutreliablenewsourcesthatareknownfortryingtheirbesttoleaveoutfalseinformation.Byacceptingthatourmediabuffet(自助餐)onsocialmediaisaproductofourpresentbeliefsandopinions,wecanworktomakesurewearenotsimplystuckinasocialmediaechochamber.42.Whatisaresultofthesocialmediaechochamber?A.Peoplekeepreadingformoredifferingviewpoints.B.Peoplecontactlike-mindedonlineuserseffectively.C.Peoplerelyonalgorithmstoevaluatetheirinterests.D.Peopleonlygetinformationconfirmingtheirbeliefs.43.Whatdoesthephrase“beefup”underlinedinparagraph3mean?A.Track. B.Identify.C.Improve. D.Provide.44.Whichofthefollowingcanhelpusgetoutoftheechochamber?A.Exposingourselvestoopposingvoices.B.Criticizingallthethingsonsocialmedia.C.Acceptingourpresentbeliefsandopinions.D.Researchingprimarysourcesofinformation.45.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletousealgorithmsfrequently.B.Toaskpeoplenottotakeininformationblindly.C.Topromotetheuseofvarioussocialmediasites.D.Toinformpeopleofnewtechnologydevelopments.【答案】42.D43.C44.A45.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体回音室是指一个人体验量身定制的媒体信息，将对立的观点和不同的声音排除在外。本文主要分析了社交媒体回音室产生的原因，并就如何确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体的回音室里提出建议。【42题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Asaresult,peopleseeandtakeininformationaccordingtoourpreexistingbeliefsandopinions.(因此，人们根据我们先前存在的信仰和观点来看待和接受信息)”可知，社交媒体回音室的结果是人们只能得到证实他们信仰的信息。故选D。【43题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词后的句子“Addinginafewmediasourceswithdifferingopinionswillallowyoutoatleastunderstandwhatpeoplearesayingoutsideofyourechochamber.(加入一些有不同意见的媒体来源，至少可以让你了解人们在你的回音室外说什么)”可推知，人们需要改进媒体来源，从而真正获得所有信息并评估我们的媒体。因此beefup意为“加强；改进”。和C项意思相近。故选C。【44题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Addinginafewmediasourceswithdifferingopinionswillallowyoutoatleastunderstandwhatpeoplearesayingoutsideofyourechochamber.Next,readeachthingyouseewithacriticaleye.(加入一些有不同意见的媒体来源，至少可以让你了解人们在你的回音室外说什么。接下来，用批判的眼光阅读你所看到的每一件事)”可知，让自己暴露在反对的声音中可以帮助我们走出回音室。故选A。【45题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Inordertotrulygetaccesstoallinformationandtoevaluateourmedia,wemustgiveourselvestheopportunitytostepoutofourcomfortzone.(为了真正获得所有信息并评估我们的媒体，我们必须给自己一个走出舒适区的机会)”和最后一句“Byacceptingthatourmediabuffet(自助餐)onsocialmediaisaproductofourpresentbeliefsandopinions,wecanworktomakesurewearenotsimplystuckinasocialmediaechochamber.(通过接受我们在社交媒体上的媒体自助餐是我们当前信仰和观点的产物，我们可以努力确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体的回音室里)”可知，作者希望通过本文让人们不要盲目接受信息。故选B。DAteamofresearchersatETHZurichhastheperfectlong-lastingsolutiontoourfogproblem.Theyhavedevelopedaverythinandgold-basedtransparentcoating(涂层)thatcanconvertsunlightintoheat,whichcanbeappliedtoglassandothersurfacestopreventthemfromfogging.Thespecialcoatingisdevelopedusingtitaniumoxideandgoldparticles.Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(红外线照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.Thecoatingbasicallyemploysheattostopfogging.Thecoatingabsorbsalargepartoftheinfraredradiation,whichcausesittoheatup-byupto8℃.Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.Goldmightbeexpensive,buttheresearchersstressthattheircoatingrequiressolittlethatthematerialcostsremainlow.Theircoatingisproducedwithstandardizedandreadilyscalablemethods,allcost-effectively.However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.Intheprocess,theywillexaminewhetherothermetalsworkjustaswellasgold.Thereisnoneedtofear.However,thiswouldcauseacarorabuildingtoheatupmoreinthesummer.Theresearchershavealreadyfiledapatent.Hopefully,thisgroundbreakingproductwillsoonbeavailableonthemarket.46.Howdoesthenewcoatingworktoremovefog?A.Byreflectingpartofsunlightselectively.B.Bykeepingcoolairawayfromtheobject.C.Bycreatingathinfilmofwateronthesurface.D.Byabsorbinginfraredradiationstoheatthecoating.47.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousanti-foggingproducts?A.Tostresstheadvantagesofthenewcoating.B.Tointroducetheinspirationbehindthenewcoating.C.Toprovethedifficultyofcreatinganti-foggingproducts.D.Toexplainthereasonfortheanti-foggingcoatingbeingpopular.48.Whatisthelimitationofthenewcoating?A.Itisconsiderablyexpensive.B.Itdependsonsunlighttowork.C.Ittakestoomuchtimetoproduce.D.Itisdifficulttocleanandmaintain.49.Whatdotheresearchersplantodonext?A.Applyforapatentfortheinvention.B.Developtheproductformorepracticaluses.C.Exploretheenvironmentalimpactofthecoating.D.Seekacheapermaterialasanalternativetogold.【答案】46.D47.A48.B49.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述苏黎世联邦理工学院的一组研究人员找到了解决雾霾问题的完美持久解决方案。【46题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(红外线照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.(它选择性地吸收来自阳光的红外辐射，并产生强大的加热效应，足以使雾远离物体表面。)”可知，新涂层能通过吸收红外线辐射来加热涂层除去雾。故选D项。【47题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.(以前，像防雾喷雾剂这样的产品会在表面形成一层非常薄的水膜来消除雾。这种表面的问题是污染。)”以及“However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.(但是，这种新涂层可以防水。此外，涂层明显更薄，这使得它更透明和灵活。它是被动加热的，在白天不需要额外的能源。)”可知，作者提到了以前的防雾产品强调新涂层的优点。故选A项。【48题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.(然而，尽管该产品可以在非常低水平的太阳照射下工作，但它确实依赖于一定量的光。)”可知，新涂层的局限性是依靠阳光工作。故选B项。【49题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.Intheprocess,theywillexaminewhetherothermetalsworkjustaswellasgold.(研究人员将进一步开发这种涂层以用于其他用途。在这个过程中，他们将检验其他金属是否能像黄金一样发挥作用。)”可知，研究人员计划下一步进行研究将产品开发为更实际的用途。故选B项。五、完型填空(每题1分，共15分)Fortenyearsmyfatherhadbeenfightingcancer.Nowhewasforcedintothehospitalbecauseofaninfection.Isensedhe____50____beingthere,buthehardlycomplained.Thatwasn'this____51____Onenightafter____52____tocallanurse,hetriedtoreachthebathroomonhisownandfell,gettinghis____53____injured.WhenIsawhiswoundedheadthenextday,Ifeltmyhelplessanger____54____.Whyisn'tanythingIcando?Ithought.Asif____55____mythoughts,whentheliftIwaitedforopened,twodogsgreetedme.Iwas____56____thathospitalrulesshouldallowit.A(n)____57____grewasIwalkedtomycar.I____58____thatifIcouldgivemydadnothingelse,Iwasgoingtogivehimsome_____59_____withhisbeloveddogBoots.Whendadwasathome,Bootswasalwaysthere,watchinghimprotectively.Whendadhadtogotothehospital,Bootswaitedandjumpedeverytimeacar_____60_____tothehouse.LaterthatdayIcamebackforanother_____61_____,bringingBoots.Uponarrival,Bootsflew