高三英语一轮复习宾语从句（攻语法填空阅读长难句读后续写长难句）导学案

从句分类三大从句：名词性从句+形容词从句+副词性从句1.名词性从句(主宾表同)：主语从句+宾语从句+表语从句+同位语从句2.形容词从句：定语从句3.副词性从句：状语从句宾语从句1.“全面理解”宾语从句(1)情况1：谓语动词+句子Ithink(that)youareagoodman.(2)情况2：形容词+句子Iamawarethatheisright./Theteamisconfidentthattheywillwin.原因：虽然它不是形容词aware的直接宾语，因为形容词不能带宾语，动词才可以。但是形容词aware的词义是不完整的，它“渴望”被补充说明。“aware”意识到什么呢？thatheisright他是对的。这个从句补足了形容词的意义。形容词在此处和动词功能是“平行的”。(3)情况3：间接宾语+句子理解双宾语：宾语分“直接宾语”和“间接宾语”Igiveyouabook.直接宾语：abook/间接宾语：youSheaskedhimsomethings.直接宾语：somethings/间接宾语：himSheaskedhimwhetherheneededhelp.注意：情况三容易和定语从句混淆①Hetoldmethathewouldleave.(他告诉我他要走了)②Hetoldmeastorythatwasveryboring.(他给我讲了一个非常无聊的故事)

2.宾语从句“引导词”：两大类 (即“名词性从句”引导词)(所有从句引导词有重叠，不完全割裂)(1)第1类：不充当成分①that无词意且不充当成分可省略。①if/whether意思为“是否”，不可省略(因为有意思)注意：只能用whether不能用if的情况：前有介词/后有todo/句末ornot例句：I’mthinkingaboutwhetherhewille.我在想他是否会来。Ican’tdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下来。Canyoutellmewhetheritisyourpenornot.可以告诉我这个是不是你的笔。(2)第2类：充当成分(充当成分：从句缺“主宾表”用)①连接代词：what/which/who/whose(定从无what)②连接副词：when/where/why/how(按定从思路理解：不缺)(定从无how)③疑问词组：howfar/howoften/howlong等(②和③充当状语)(按定从理解：不缺)3.相应练习1.Idon’tknow__________heislateforthemeeting.2.Couldyoutellme__________thenexttrainarrives?3.Shewondered__________Ipreferred,teaorcoffee.4.Doyouknow__________carthatisparkedinfrontofourbuilding?5.Theteacherasked__________Ihadunderstoodthelesson.6.Ican’tdecide__________Ishouldgoonvacationthissummer.7.Hedidn’tsay__________hewassoangryyesterday.8.Pleaseshowme__________Icanoperatethisnewmachine.9.Wediscussed__________weshouldholdtheparty.10.Canyouremember__________youputthekeys?11.Theguideexplained__________theancientbuildingwassoimportant.12.Iwonder__________willetothepresentationtomorrow.13.Theyhaven’tdecided__________theywillmovetoanewcity.14.Thechildasked__________thestarstwinkleatnight.15.I’mnotsure__________Icansolvethisproblembymyself.16.Hedidn’trealize__________seriousthesituationwas.17.Weneedtofindout__________brokethewindow.18.Payattentionto__________thespeakerissaying.19.Themapshows__________thetreasureishidden.20.I’llaskhim__________hehasfinishedthereportyet.21.Doyouknow__________inventedthetelephone?22.Ican’timagine__________hefeltwhenhewontheprize.23.Thenoticetellsus__________wecanhandinourapplications.24.Hedidn’texplain__________hecouldn’tattendthewedding.参考答案whywhenwhichwhoseif/whetherwherewhyhowwherewherewhywhoif/whetherwhywhyhowwhowhatwherewhether/ifwhowhowherewhy4.如何写出宾语从句(1)语序：陈述句语气(2)时态的三种情况：①“主”现从“随便”：Iknowthatyouwerelateyesterday.我知道你昨天迟到了。②“主”过从必“过”：Mymothersaidthatshewantedtobuyagiftformybrother.我妈妈说她想给我弟弟买一件礼物。③“真理”永“现在”：Grandmasaidthatthesunalwaysrisesintheeast. 奶奶说，太阳总是从东边升起 5.活学活用1.我知道他喜欢音乐。2.她告诉我她昨天很忙。3.你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗？(PartB翻译，从句时从句用陈述句)4.我认为明天不会下雨5.老师想知道谁打破了窗户。6.我妈妈说她今天会早点回家。7.他不记得他把手机放在哪里了。8.她问我是否完成了我的作业。9.我不知道为什么他生气了。10.我们都知道地球绕着太阳转。参考答案Iknow(that)helikesmusic.Shetoldme(that)shewasbusyyesterday.Canyoutellmewherethelibraryis?Idon’tthink(that)itwillraintomorrow.Theteacherwantstoknowwhobrokethewindow.Mymothersaid(