高考英语一轮复习词法之冠词详解学案

词法之冠词详解+近十年高考真题+答案冠词(不定冠词:a,an;定冠词:the)...1.不定冠词:a/an:一个...2.定冠词：the:这；那a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前an

用在以元音音素开头的单词前注意：某些以元音字母开头的单词，发的是辅音音素：university(大学);usual(通常的);useful(有用的);European(欧洲人);unique(独一无二的);universal(普遍的)。前面用a某些以辅音字母开头的单词，发的是元音音素：hour(小时);honest(诚实的);honorable(光荣的）。前面用an不定冠词的基本用法1.不定冠词a/an用在可数名词单数前，泛指某个人或某个物,相当于any(任何一个)Thebestwaytolearnalanguageistoliveamongitsspeakers.2.文中首次提及某人或某物时常用不定冠词。Hetoldastorythathappenedinasmalltown.3.用在人名或时间名词前表示不确定的某个人或某个时间；用在人名前还可以表示与某人有类似性质的人。Excuseme,isthereaMr.Tailorlivingintheneighborhood?Thereisaparcelforhim.Sorry,butthereisnosuchpersonhere.4.用在表示次数，速度，价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”相当于perThemedicineistobetakenthreetimesaday.5.不定冠词用在序数词前不表示顺序，表示“再一，又一”Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishIhadasecondchancetoehere.6.具有动作意义的名词与have，take，make等构成短语表示一种短暂性动作时，名词前面要加不定冠词take/havealook;haveatry;take/haveabreak/rest;makeadecision;makeachoice等7.有些物质名词及抽象名词具体化时，可用不定冠词。常见的具体化抽象名词有:success,failure,surprise,honour,beauty,pity,fort等Theirperformancebecameasuccess.8.不定冠词还可以用于“a+most+adj.+n.结构，此结构中没有表示可以比较的范围状语，most相当于very。XiamenisamostbeautifulcoastalcityandI’lleforasecondtime.adj.er...以用于“a+adj.er+n.”结构，与否定词连用，表示“从来没有比这更...”,具有最高级含义。Ihaveneverspentabetterday.10.用在形容词修饰的一日三餐，季节和日期前。Wejusthadabigsupper.WehadawonderfulSunday.Wehadaveryhotsummer.固定搭配中的不定冠词asaresult:因此，结果inaword:简言之asamatteroffact:事实上inahurry:匆忙地keepaneyeon:留神，留意givesb.alift:让某人搭便车......dj.+a/an+单数名词+that+从句：如此...以至于.........a/an+adj.+单数名词+that+从句：如此...以至于......d/livea/an+adj.life:过着...的生活；allofasudden:突然；payavisitto:参观；拜访haveagift/talentfor:在某方面有天赋；makealiving:谋生；have/catchacold:感冒；putanendto:结束定冠词the的基本用法1.表示特指的人或物，(1)指双方都知道的或心里明白的人或物，(2)指上文中已经提到过的人或物Doyouknowthemanstandingatthegateofthedoor?IwenttoauniversityinNewZealand.Theuniversitywassetupintheearlytwentiethcentury.2.用在某些可数名词单数前面，用来指一类事物的整体（总称)Theelephantismuchstrongerthanthehorse.3.用于世界上独一无二的事物名词前thesun(太阳);themoon(月亮);theearth(地球);theworldTheearthgoesaroundthesun....用在序数词前，表顺序:the+序数词+n.:第几...IsthisthefirsttimeyouhavevisitedQingdao?用在形容词最高级前:the+adj.est+n.Chinaisoneoftherichestcountries用在only,very（恰好，恰巧),same(相同的)等词前面5.用在逢整十的数词前，表示在某世纪的几十年代,用在世纪或朝代的名词前inthe1990’s/1990s；intheTangDynasty6.用在表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妻俩，或用在某些形容词前/分词前，表示一类人或物TheGreensareonholidaynow.thewounded:伤员=theinjuredtherich:富人；thepoor:穷人7.用在由某些普通名词构成的国家，机关，团体等专有名词前thePeople’sRepublicofChinatheUnitedStates8.用在西洋乐器前Sheplaystheviolin,Imeantheviola,verywell.9.用在身体部位的名词前(相当于物主代词)：动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位:打，抓住某人的身体部位Thepolicecaughtthetheifbythearm.10.bythe+表示计量单位的名词前：按...计算bythehour:按小时；bytheyear:按年；bythepound:按英镑11.用在方位,发明物，山河，海洋等名词前ThetelephonewasinventedbyBell.intheeastofBeijing;theMountainTai12.与形容词或副词的比较级连用，一般用于以下两种情况(1)用于“the+比较级+(主+谓),the+比较级+（主+谓)：越...越...Themorewedoforthepeople,thehappierwe’llbe.(2)用在“the+比较级+of+the+two”结构中，表示两个中较....的一个”Sheisthetallerofthetwogirls.13.特定意义的月份，季节和中国传统节日的名词前通常加定冠词theSpringFestival,theDragonBoatFestivalIdon’tlikethespringofJinan.固定搭配中的定冠词allthetime:一直bytheway:顺便说一下;intheway:挡道；阻碍；ontheway(to):在去...路上beinthehabitof:...的习惯；onthespot:在现场；taketheplaceof：代替makethebest/mostof:充分利用；intheend:最后;totellthetruth:说实话；notintheleast:一点也不；inthedistance:在远处；onthewhole:总体来说；atthesametime:同时theotherday:几天前ontheotherhand:另一方面;零冠词1.不可数名词或可数名词复数表示泛指，前无冠词Teachersarebadlyneededintheremotedistricts.2.在称呼语前或者表示独一无二的头衔，职务的名词作表语，补语或同位语时，该名词前无冠词Shewasappointeddirectorofthefactory.I’mcaptainoftheclassteam.Dr.PeterSpence,headmasteroftheschool,toldus.3.表示学科，三餐，语言，棋类和球类运动的名词前，无冠词playsoccer;havebreakfast/lunch/dinner(supper);speakChinese;playchess;learnmath4.与by连用的交通工具和通讯工具前，无冠词bytrain;bysea:乘船(bythesea:在海边);bytelephone:打电话5.表示无特定意义的季节，月份，星期，节假日的名词前，无冠词SummerbeginsinJunehere.Ifwinteres,canspringbefarbehind?6.名词前已有this,that,形容词性物主代词，some,every,each等限定词时，无冠词ThisSundaywillbemyhappiestone.7.当turn作系动词(变成)时，后面接的名词作表语时，前面无冠词。Hisbrotherturnedteacherwhileshebecameadoctor.8.在as/though引导的倒装分句中名词作表语前置时，名词前无冠词As/ThoughTomisachild,youcan’tfoolhim.=Childas/thoughTomis,youcan’tfoolhim.有无冠词，意义不同的短语attable:在吃饭；atthetable：在桌子旁；atschool:在上学；attheschool:在学校inchargeof:负责，管理；inthechargeof:由...负责inoffice:执政；intheoffice:在办公室gotosea:去当水手；gotothesea:到海边去outofquestion:毫无疑问；outofthequestion:不可能gotochurch:去做礼拜；gotothechurch:去教堂inprison:坐牢；intheprison:在监狱里insightof:能看见；inthesightof:在...看来takeplace:发生；举行；taketheplaceof:取代；代替真题再现1.(2025年新课标1卷)Goisoneof57.___earliestbinarybased(基于二元的)games.2.(2024年新课标1卷)...manyplantspeciescametoBritainfor61.___firsttime.3.(2023年新课标1卷)Themeatshouldbefreshwith63.___touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.4.(2023年新课标2卷)Notthepandas,eventhough59.___languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.5.(2023年浙江一月卷).IncontrasttothecourtlifeandupperclassculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect65.____cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.6.(2022年全国甲卷)59.___friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehispanyduringthetrip.7.(2022年全国乙卷)May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay.Tocelebrate57.___festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuseuminBeijingonThursday.8.(2022年新高考2卷)57.___BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.9.(2022年新高考1卷)Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes57.____sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.10.(2022年浙江1月卷)Aboutthreequartersof63.___time,theyagreed11.(2021年新高考1卷)Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis10.____musttovisit!12.(2021年全国甲卷)Ittookusabout3hourstogoall8.____wayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.13.(2020新课标全国2卷)Theplumtreesare10._____firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).14.(2019新课标全国1卷)Of9._____nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining.15.(2019新课标全国2卷)Whenwegotacallsaying,shewasshortlisted,wethoughtitwas9.____joke.16.(2018新课标全国2卷)Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover2._____past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.17.(2018新课标全国3卷)Unexpectedly,I'mfacetofacewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat2.___topofher