(名师伴你行)2017版高三英语大一轮复习课时作业1-lifestyles-含解析

课时作业(一)LifestylesA卷Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Hethinksitisnevertoolate________(challenge)oneselftoachievesomethingworthwhile.2．Thisbuildingisdesigned________weddingsandothercelebrations.3．Itisurgentthatdoctorsandnurses________(send)totheearthquake­strickenarea.4．Thisisthesameskirt________shewaswearingayearago.5．QuWanting'stalentstood________incomparisonwiththeothers.6．Doingscienceexercisesoften________(take)upmostofthestudents'sparetime.7．Thesunshineis________beautifulthatI'dliketogoswimminginthesea.8．Yourattitudetowardslife________(matter)agreatdealinyoursuccessoflife.9.LiJianhasthesamehairstyle________MengFan.10．Wherecanyouhide,________(suppose)youareabletoescapefromthepolice?11．Youdrivefirstandthenwecanswitch________.答案：1．tochallenge2.for3.(should)besent4.that5．out6.takes7.so8.matters9.as10．supposing/suppose11.overⅡ.完成句子1．Iputthetelephonedownand________________myworkagain.我放下电话，又继续工作起来。2．Afewminuteslater________________destroyingthebuilding.几分钟后炸弹爆炸了，摧毁了大楼。3．He________________fromcollegetwoyearsago.他本该两年前大学毕业。4．________________youlost—atleastyouputupagoodshow.你输了无关紧要，至少你表现得很勇敢。5．________________hecontinuestocarryouthisduties.尽管他身体不好，他仍继续履行职责。答案：1．tookup2.thebombwentoff3.issupposedtohavegraduated4.Itdoesn'tmatterthat5.WhileheispoorinhealthⅢ.阅读理解(2016·四川德阳高三二诊)Ulrich'sfriendAnnewasmissingatschool.Hismothersaidthatperhapsshehadgoneintohiding.Thatwasthehopeanyway－thatthefamilyhadleftontheirownandhadnotbeensentononeoftheprisontrainstoGermanyorPoland.SomanypeopleinhiscityhaddisappearedsincetheNaziscametoAmsterdamin1940.“It'snotourhomeanymore，”Ulrichthought.Thestreets,oncefullofbusyshoppers,werenowfilledwithtanksandsoldiers.No_one_felt_safe,_except_maybe_the_collaborators(叛徒，通敌者)．Whowerethey?Whowouldbetraytheirfriendsandlettheirneighborsbecaptured?UlrichrememberedhisfriendAnne;herfatherhadasmallbusinessrightdowntheroadfromhishouse.Hersister,Margot,wasintheupperschool,whereUlrich'ssisterwasinherclass.Whenhewalkedtoorfromschool,Ulrichstudiedthefacesofthepeopleonthestreet.Somelookedconcernedandcasttheireyesdownwardastheywalked,tryingnottobenoticed.Hisownparentshadthatlook,likeghostswalkingandwonderingwhathadhappenedtothem.Theonesthatbotheredhimwerethosewhosmiled,whoactedlikenothingwaswrong.“Weretheyblind？”hewondered.Worsewerethose－whomovedintothehousesandtookthebusinessesoftheirmissingneighbors.Theyseemedtooassured,toocontent.TheymaybeDutch,Ulrichthought,buttheyaretheenemy,too.Theyweretheoneswhomadetheoccupationeasy.Hehopedthatwhenthewarwasover,therightfulownerswouldcomebackandthrowthemoutontheirears.Schoolwasnotthesameeither.Itwasmorethanthemissingstudents,thoughthatwasthebiggestpartofit.Theteachers,whoonceseemedtoknoweverything,weredifferent,too.Theyseemedafraidtoteachhistory,afraidthattheauthoritieswouldnotlikewhattheysaid.Theyjumpedwhenastudentdroppedabook.Itwasasiftheyallhadtoholdtheirbreath.Itwasnearlyspring.Alreadytulips(郁金香)werefightingtheirwayoutofthecoldground.Howmanymorewinters,springs,summersandfallswouldgobyuntiltheywerefree?Ulrichwaited,andhopedthathisfriendAnnewouldsooncomehome.1．WhenUlrichsays，“It'snotourhomeanymore，”hemeans__________.A．they'vemovedtoanewcityB．thebuildingsdon'tlookthesameC．thecityfeelsstrangeandunfamiliarD．springflowersmaketheneighborhoodunrecognizable2．WhathaschangedinAmsterdam?A．Thereisanewfamilynextdoor.B．Thepeople'sattitudesandsecurity.C．Thereismorefreedomamongthecitizens.D．ThesubjectsUlrichwasstudyinginschool.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Noonefeltsafe,exceptmaybethecollaborators(叛徒，通敌者)．”mean?A．Peoplewereafraidofaninvasion.B．Theremightbeanaturaldisasteranytime.C．Peoplewhoworktogetheraremoresecurethanothers.D．OnlythepeoplewhowerehelpingtheNazisfeltcomfortable.4.ThepartofthesettingrelatedtopeopleinsteadofplacehaschangedinallofthefollowingEXCEPTthat________.A．shopkeepersandneighborshavebeenreplacedbyotherpeopleB．theNazishavearrivedandarethreateningpeopleC．someformerfriendshavebecomeuntrustworthyD．theteacherseemstoliketeachinghistory答案：解题导语：文章通过乌尔里希的所见所闻，讲述了1940年纳粹入侵阿姆斯特丹后，这座城市的变化。满大街的纳粹的坦克和士兵，朋友、邻居间的背叛、大量失踪的学生、学校的变化等等。1．C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“‘It'snotourhomeanymore，’Ulrichthought.Thestreets,oncefullofbusyshoppers,werenowfilledwithtanksandsoldiers.”可知，以前大街上是买东西的顾客，而现在是坦克和士兵。由此可推断出，现在的街道是陌生的、不熟悉的。2．B解析：细节理解题。由第三、四段描述可知选B项。3．D解析：句意猜测题。关键抓住except“除……外(不包括在内)”除了叛徒觉得安全外，大家都觉得不安全。4．D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句Theyseemedafraidtoteachhistory,afraidthattheauthoritieswouldnotlikewhattheysaid.”可知D项不符合。Ⅳ.完形填空(2016·山西四校高三联考)Shewasonlyaboutfivefeettallandprobablyneverweighedmorethan110pounds.However,MissBessiewasa(n)__1__presenceintheclassroom.From1938to1942,whenIattendedSaintBernard'sHighSchool,shetaughtmealot__2__Irealized.Therewasnevera(n)__3__probleminMissBessie'sclasses.Wedidn'tdaretotroubleawomanwhoknewabouttheBattleofHastingsandcouldalsoplaythepianoand__4__ShakespeareandMilton.MissBessieknewthatmyfamilycouldn'taffordtobuyanewspaper.Sheknewwedidn't__5__ownaradio.Still,she__6__metolookoutformy__7__andfindsomewaysto__8__what'sgoingonintheworld.__9__Ibecameadeliveryboywhodeliverednewspapers.I__10__madeadollaraweek,butIgottoreadanewspapereveryday.MissBessienoticedthingsthathadnothingtodowithschoolworkbutwerevitaltoayoungster's__11__.Onceafewclassmatesmadefunofmy__12__overcoat.AsIwasleavingschool,MissBessie__13__meonthebackofthatoldovercoatandsaid，“Carl,neverworryaboutwhatyoudon'thave.Justmakethemostofwhatyoudohave—a(n)__14__.”AmongthethingsthatIdidn'thavewas__15__inthelittlewoodenhouse.Butbecauseofher__16__，Ispentmanyhoursbesideakerosenelamp(煤油灯)readingShakespeare'sworks.MissBessieintroducedme__17__awonderfulworldofpoemsandstories.Sheledmeto__18__thatIcouldwritepoemsaswellasShakespeare.SoIread__19__MissBessietoldmeto,andtriedtorememberthethingssheinsistedthatIstore.Yearslater,herencouragementfinallyledtothatlovelydaywhenMissBessiedroppedmeanote__20__“I'msoproudtoreadyourarticleinTheTimes.”1．A.amusing B．toweringC．interesting D．exciting2．A.morethan B．lessthanC．betterthan D．worsethan3．A.academy B．homeworkC．race D．discipline4．A.makeuseof B．makefunofC．makesenseof D．makelightof5．A.even B．stillC．ever D．yet6.A．allowed B．forcedC．turned D．encouraged7．A.happiness B．futureC．family D．mistake8．A.catchupwith B．comeupwithC．keepupwith D．putupwith9.A．So B．AndC．Because D．As10．A.always B．merelyC．sometimes D．almost11．A.appearance B．healthC．development D．performance12．A.colourful B．modernC．informal D．used13.A．patted B．hitC．struck D．pulled14．A.house B．overcoatC．radio D．brain15．A.money B．electricityC．water D．gas16．A.inspiration B．angerC．curiosity D．sponsorship17．A.to B．inC．of D．about18．A.imagine B．believeC．dream D．insist19．A.whenever B．whereverC．whichever D．whatever20．A.writing B．printingC．saying D．speaking答案：解题导语：本文讲述了“我”上高中时，深受Bessie老师的启迪和鼓励，最终实现梦想，成为一名作家的故事。1．B解析：然而，Bessie在教室里很高大。amusing意为“好笑的”；towering意为“高大的”；interesting意为“有趣的”；exciting意为“令人激动的，激动人心的”。根据空格前的“However”的转折可知，此处与前文中的“onlyaboutfivefeettall”形成对比，故选B项。2．A解析：在1938年到1942年期间，“我”在SaintBernard高中就读，她教会了“我”许多，多于“我”意识到的东西。morethan“比……多”，符合语境。故选A项。3．D解析：academy意为“学术”；homework意为“作业”；race意为“赛跑，种族”；discipline意为“纪律”。根据下文中的“Wedidn'tdaretotroubleawomanwhoknewabouttheBattleofHastingsandcouldalsoplaythepianoand__4__ShakespeareandMilton.”可推知，Bessie很博学，学生们都很佩服她，她的课上从来就没有纪律的问题，故选D项。4．C解析：我们不敢找这样一位女士的麻烦，她了解Hastings战役，而且还能够弹钢琴，理解莎士比亚和弥尔顿。makeuseof意为“利用”；makefunof意为“取笑”；makesenseof意为“理解”；makelightof意为“对……等闲视之，轻视”。故选C项。5．A解析：Bessie知道我们甚至连台收音机都没有。even意为“甚至”；still意为“仍然”；ever意为“曾经”；yet意为“还，然而”。根据上文中的“MissBessieknewthatmyfamilycouldn'taffordtobuyanewspaper.”可知，作者家里当时很拮据，收音机对作者家来讲是奢侈品，因此此处表示递进的概念，故选A项。6．D解析：她仍然鼓励“我”寻找自己的未来，找一些办法了解世界上正在发生的事情。下文中的“Yearslater,herencouragementfinallyledtothatlovelydaywhenMissBessiedroppedmeanote__20__”也是提示，老师鼓励“我”去做那些事情，故选D项。7．B解析：与下文中的“what'sgoingonintheworld”相呼应，老师鼓励“我”通过一些途径去探索自己的未来，不要被自己的家庭条件所限制，故选B项。8．C解析：catchupwith意为“赶上”；comeupwith意为“想出”；keepupwith意为“跟上；和……保持联系”；putupwith意为“容忍”。根据下文中的“readanewspaper”可知，通过报纸人们可以了解到世界上正在发生的事情，与时俱进，从而不落伍，故选C项。9．A解析：于是“我”成了一个送报纸的报童。根据语境可知，上、下句表示逻辑上的因果关系，本句是结果，故选A项。10．B解析：根据空格后的“butIgottoreadanewspapereveryday”的转折可知，当时“我”去送报的报酬很低，故选B项，merely意为“仅仅”。11．C解析：Bessie注意到一些与课堂作业没有关系，却对年轻人的发展至关重要的一些事情。appearance意为“外貌”；health意为“健康”；development意为“发展”；performance意为“表现”。结合下文中的例证可知，Bessie更重视学生的内在发展，故选C项。12．D解析：曾经有几个同学嘲笑“我”的旧外套。根据下文中的“thatoldovercoat”可知，此处选D项，used意为“旧的”。13．A解析：当“我”要离开学校时，Bessie拍拍“我”背上的那件旧外套说：“Carl,永远不要担心你没有的东西。充分利用你所拥有的东西——你的头脑。”pat意为“轻拍”；hit意为“撞击”；strike“碰撞，击打”；pull“拉，拽”。根据语境可知，老师在安慰作者，故选A项。14．D解析：与穿着形成对比，而且是“我”所拥有的，也是老师所看重的应该是人的头脑，故选D项。15．B解析：“我”家那个小木屋里还没有电。根据下文中的“akerosenelamp(煤油灯)”可知，此处应选B项。16．A解析：但是由于她的鼓舞，“我”就在煤油灯下花几个小时读莎士比亚的作品。inspiration意为“鼓舞”；anger意为“生气”；curiosity“好奇心”；sponsorship“资助”。根据下文中的“herencouragement”可知，此处选A项。17．A解析：Bessie让“我”了解了诗和小说的世界。此处是固定词组搭配：introducesb.tosth.意为“使某人初次了解，使尝试”，故选A项。18．B解析：她让“我”相信“我”可以写得和莎士比亚一样好。故选B项。19．D解析：于是“我”读了Bessie让“我”读的所有的书，并尽力去记住那些她坚持要“我”记住的事情。whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。本句是一个省略句，补充完整是：SoIreadwhateverMissBessietoldmetoread，故选D项。20．C解析：多年后，她的鼓励最终使“我”有这样的一天。那天Bessie给“我”一张便条，便条上写着：“我很自豪能够在《泰晤士报》上看到你的文章。”报纸或信上写着，经常用动词say或read表示，故选C项。Ⅴ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015·开封市高三冲刺模拟)NewbooksandoldonesarrivedattheBritishMuseumahundredyearsago,andmorepeoplecame1.________(read)them.Theoldreadingroomswere2.________(crowd)．Theairwasbadandreadersgotterribleheadaches.Thelibrarian,Panizzi,wantedpoorstudents,as3.________asrichmen,tobeabletolearn.HegotafreecopyofeverynewbookfortheBritishMuseum.Soon,therewerethreerows4.________booksoneveryshelfandhundredsofbooksonthefloor.Somethingcheerfulhappened.Panizzi5.________(he)designedthefamousroundReadingRoom,withabeautifulhighroofandfortykilometersof6.________(bookshelf)．Someoftheequipmentwasunusual.Coolaircameupthroughsmallholesinthetables.Hotairintubesunderthefloorkeptreaders'feetwarm.WhenthenewReadingRoomopened,therewasapartywithdrinks7.________alargebreakfastonthedesks.Youcanimagine8.________wonderfulthenewReadingRoomis!Sincethen,manyfamousmen9.________(write)there.Andthereaderscanenjoyallkindsofbooks10.________(comfortable)inthenewReadingRoom.答案：解题导语：本文是大不列颠博物馆开放阅览室的传记故事。1．toread解析：考查动词不定式。came后跟不定式作目的状语，故填toread。2．crowded解析：考查词性转化。空前是were判断应用形容词形式。故填crowded。3．well解析：考查固定搭配。固定短语aswellas和……一样，而且。4．of解析：考查介词。根据rows和book之间的关系判断填of。5．himself解析：考查代词。根据句子的主语Panizzi判断，故填himself。6．bookshelves解析：考查名词复数。根据空前的fortykilometersof，可知应用bookshelf的复数形式。7．and解析：考查连词。根据空前后的表语是并列关系，故填and。8．how解析：考查连词。根据空后的wonderful可知应用how引导宾语从句，故填how。9．havewritten解析：考查时态。根据前文的Sincethen判断应用现在完成时，故填havewritten。10．comfortably解析：考查副词。根据空前的enjoy判断应用副词修饰故填comfortably。

B卷Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2016·贵州省七校联盟联考)Havingexperiencedashockingelectricalaccident，whichcausedhimtobecomebothblindanddeaf，JamesFranco'sworldbecamecompletelydarkandquietforalmosttenyears.Thelossofsightandhearingthrewhimintosuchsorrowthathetriedafewtimestoputanendtohislife.Hisfamily，especiallyhiswife，didtheirbesttotendandcomforthimandfinallyheregainedthewilltolive.Onehotsummerafternoon，hewastakingawalkwithasticknearhishousewhenathunderstormstartedallatonce.Hestoodunderalargetreetoavoidgettingwet，buthewasstruckbythelightning.Witnessesthoughthewasdeadbuthewokeup20minuteslater，lyingfacedowninmuddywater.Hewastremblingbadly，butwhenheopenedhiseyes，hecouldhardlybelievewhathesaw:atreeandamuddyroad.WhenMrsFrancocamerunninguptohim，shoutingtotheirneighborstocallforhelp，hecouldseeherandhearhervoiceforthefirsttimeinnearlytenyears.ThenewsofJamesregaininghissightandhearingquicklyspreadandmanydoctorscametoexaminehim.Mostofthemsaidthatheregainedhissightandhearingfromtheshockhegotfromthelightning.However，noneofthemcouldgiveacompellinganswerastowhythisshouldhappen.Theonlyreasonableexplanationgivenbyonedoctorwasthat，sinceJameslosthissightandhearingasaresultofasuddenshock，perhaps，theonlywayforhimtoregainthemwasbyanothersuddenshock.1．ThereasonwhyJamesattemptedtokillhimselfwasthat________.A．aterribleelectricalaccidenthappenedtohimB．hehadtoliveinadarkandsilentworldC．hewasstruckbythelightningoncemoreD．nobodyintheworldcaredabouthim2．WhatwasJamesdoingwhenhewasstruckbythelightning?A．Shelteringfromtherainunderatree.B．Puttinganendtohislife.C．Takingawalkwithastick.D．Lyingontheground.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compelling”inParagraph3mean?A．Wrong.B．Convincing.C．Unexplained. D．True.4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ATerribleElectricalAccidentB．JamesFrancoandHisWifeC．AnUnforgettableExperienceD．WhataSuddenShock!答案：解题导语：这是一篇新闻报道，JamesFranco经历了一次电击事故后，失明、失聪近十年，但是后来被闪电击中后他奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力。1．B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thelossofsightandhearingthrewhimintosuchsorrowthathetriedafewtimestoputanendtohislife.”可知，失去视力和听力导致JamesFranco生活在黑暗和无声的世界中，这种痛苦导致他几度要自杀，即B项正确。2．A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hestoodunderalargetreetoavoidgettingwet,buthewasstruckbythelightning.”可知，JamesFranco被闪电击中时，他正在树下躲雨。即A项正确。3．B解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“However,noneofthemcouldgiveacompellinganswerastowhythisshouldhappen.Theonlyreasonableexplanation...”可知，compelling和reasonable意义相近，画线词所在句的句意为：然而，关于为什么竟然会发生这样的事情，没有人能给出一个令人信服的答案。即B项正确。4．D解析：主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了JamesFranco被闪电袭击之后奇迹般地恢复了视力和听力的故事，故D项作文章标题最合适。B(2015·郑州质量预测)In2015,areportfromTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineshowedthatincreasedbodyweightisrelatedtothedeathrateforallcancers.Thisisbasedonastudyinvolvingabout900,000people,spanningmanyyears.Thestudy,startedin1992bytheAmericanCancerSociety,includedmenandwomenfromall50states.Theyoungestparticipantswere30yearsold,andtheaverageagewas57.ByDecember2008,24%oftheparticipantshaddied,justaquarterofthemfromcancers.Inanalyzingtheresults,researchersattemptedtotakeaccountofsuchpotentialfactorsassmoking,drinkingalcohol,takingaspirinandawidevarietyofotherfactorsthatmightotherwiseaffecttheresults.Theresultsareclear:themoreyouweigh,thegreateryourriskofdyingofcancerwillbe(upto52%higherformenand62%forwomen)．Inmenaswellaswomen,theonlycancersthatdidnothaveastrongconnectionwithweightwerelungcancerandbraincancer.Forwomen,thestrongestcorrelationwithweightwasuterinecancer(子宫癌),whichis6.5timeshigherforwomenwithaBMI(BodyMassIndex)of40ormore.Formen,itwaslivercancer,whichis4.5timeshigherinmostobese(肥胖的)men.Smokerstendtobemoresuccessfulinkeepingweightoffthannon­smokers,slightlyreducingtherisk.Butmanyofthemdon'thavegoodlungs.Thus,inanotherway,theyalsofacerisks.Asforwhyextraweightleadstoexcesscancerdeathrate,there'snoclearagreement.ButthedecreaseinvitaminDinobesepeopleseemsalikelyfactor.VitaminDisknowntohavearoleinpreventingcancer.Also,thereisasimplefactthatobesitymakesthemanagementofcancermoredifficult.Althoughfornowthereisnosimpleanswertowhyobesityincreasesaperson'scancerrisk,allweknowforcertainisthattheriskisreal.5.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwiththerelationshipbetween________.A．dietandcancerB．bodyweightandcancerC．sexandcancer D．smokingandcancer6．Theauthordevelopsthepassagemainlythrough________.A．timeorder B．spaceorderC．analysisandcomparison D．figuresandexamples7．Theunderlinedword“spanning”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．lastingB．includingC．happening D．changing8．Accordingtothepassage,whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A．Thereisaclearexplanationconcerningwhyobesityleadstomorecancers.B．Generallyspeaking,womenfacefewerrisksofdyingofcancerthanmen.C．WomenwithaBMIof40dyingofuterinecanceraremorethanotherwomen.D．Smokersarestilllikelytofacerisksofdyingofcancerthoughkeepingweightoff.答案：解题导语：本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现肥胖会增加一个人死于癌症的几率，尽管原因尚不确定，但联系是确实存在的。5．B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了肥胖与各种癌症有关系。故选B项。6．C解析：推理判断题。本文第一段提出了中心，第二段介绍了研究过程，第三、四、五段通过对比、分析得出了结论。故选C项。7．A解析：词义猜测题。“spanningmanyyears”在句中作后置定语，修饰“study”，所以根据第二段可知，这次研究从1992年开始到2008年年底结束，历时17年左右，由此可知，“spanning”的意思是“持续”。故选A项。8．D解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，尽管吸烟者比不吸烟者容易减肥，但许多吸烟者的肺有问题，所以也有风险，由此可知，D项正确。Ⅱ.阅读填空(2016·山西省四校高三联考)HowtoImproveEyesightNaturallyEyesareimportantforeverybody.