专题 28 语法填空高频话题 (地理环境与环境保护)-高考英语一轮复习练小题刷大题提能力（原卷版）

专题28语法填空高频话题(地理环境与环境保护)刷大题、提能力1.（广东省河源市开学联考2023-2024学年高三联考试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。May22markstheannualInternationalDayforBiologicalDiversity,1themeforthisyearis“FromAgreementtoAction:BuildBackBiodiversity”.NearlyhalfoftheglobalGDPoutputisrelated2biologicaldiversity.Nearly40percentoftheglobalpopulationmakestheirlivingonmarineorcoastalbiodiversity.Chinaisoneoftheworld’smostbiologically3(diversity)countries.Chinaishometotheworld’sthirdlargestnumberofhigherplantspecieswith35,000,4(account)fortheworld’s10percentofthecategory.Thecountryalsoowns686speciesofmammalsand5largestnumberofuniquemammalspecies.Chinahas24.02percentof6(it)territorycoveredbyforestand7(top)thefifthgloballyintermsofforestresourcecoverage.Fromtheperspectiveoftheworld,however,thenumbersofwildanimalsinAfricaandtheAsia-Pacificregionhavedropped66percentand55percent8(respective)duetohabitatdegradation(恶化),developmentandpollution,climatechangeanddiseases.Thethreatthatworldwidebiologicaldiversityisunderisworseningas41percentoftheworld’samphibians,26percentofthemammalsand14percentofbirdsarefacingextinction.Whatarewesupposedtodo?Don’teat,purchasewildanimals.Reduceusingplastic9(item).Savewaterandpower.Reduce10(consume)ofdomesticpaper.Planttreesandforests.2.（浙江省杭州市“六县九校”联盟2023年试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ithasbeenestimatedthatrapidlygrowingmodernizationisleadingtoignorancetowardstheenvironment.Humanshavecreatedasituationin11ordinaryeventsbecomeincreasinglyraisedtothelevelofnaturaldisasters,12(cause)heavylossesintermsofhumanlifeaswellasproperty.Overtheyears,scientistsresearchingonthistopic13(find)thatthemainproblemisglobalwarming.Butbecause14humangreed,nooneisreallycaringabouttheenvironmentalrisksandeveryoneisbusymakingmoney.Itisknownthattherapidindustrialgrowthhasledto15largenumberofairandwaterpollutionproblems.Thoughthereareenvironmentallawsthatthese16(industry)needtofollowtotreatthewastebutmostofthetimetheindustryownersignoretheselawsfortheirpersonalgain.Rapidconstructionhasledtolargelandareasbeingcoveredwithcement(水泥),meaningtheflowofwaterbecomessostrong17waterrunoffcan’tgetabsorbedbythesoil,eventuallyleadingtogreaterflooding.18(fortunate),therearestillalotofpeoplewhoreallycareabouttheenvironmentandare19(will)toworkonenvironmentalissues.Manysocietiesandgroupsareworkingdayandnight20(make)peopleawareoftheharmfuleffectsofthepollutionandotherpracticesthatareharmfultoourenvironment.3.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sincethesummerof2022,a26-year-oldShanghairesident21(name)ChenJiaoronghasbeenwalkingalongJuluRoadinShanghai’sdowntownareaonceortwiceaweek,lookingaroundandpickingup“garbage”.Afterheractionwasnoticedonline,shewasdescribedbyothers22a“stooper”.Theword“stoop”means“tobendforward”,23intheUnitedStates,italsoreferstoaplatformorentrancestairwaytoahouse.Theterm“stooper”wascoinedintheUSafteralotofpeopleputtheirusedorunderused24(belong)infrontoftheirdoorstepstobetakenawayforfreebythoseinneed.Later,“stooping”wasextendedtomean“pickingupabandoneditemsand25(recycle)them”.Asthefirst“stooper”inChina,Chenhad26(she)ownapproach.Shepickedunusedgoodstohelpfindsuitablenewownersforsomeitems.Whenshe27(spot)suchabandonedgoods,sheputapairofeyeball-shapedstickersonthembeforepublishingnotesonhersocialmediaaccounts,andguidingothers28(pick)themupfromthestreets.Although“stooping”isa29(relative)newwordinChina,now,peoplearegraduallyadvocating30savings-basedconsumptionandenvironment-friendlylifestyleinsteadofblindlypursuingluxuriousexpense.Andmoreyoungpeoplearejoiningtheranksof“stooping”4.（2023届浙江省丽水市缙云中学等三校联考试题）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThetotalfloorareaofChain’sgreenbuildingshasbeenover6.6billionsquaremeterswiththecountry’seffortstopromotehigh-qualitydevelopmentinurbanandruralareas.31(note)China’sachievementsofgreendevelopmentinurbanandruralareas,ZhangXiaohong,viceministerofhousingandurban-ruraldevelopment,32(stress)thedifficulttaskofsavingenergyandreducingcarbonemissionsinurbanandruralconstructionatapressconferenceonMonday.Theministrywillmakecontinuousefforts33(increase)theproportionofgreenbuildings,raisebuildingenergyefficiencystandardsandpopularizebuildingswithextra-lowenergy34(consume)inregionswithsuitableclimateconditions.Itwillalsopromotegreenrenovationofexistingbuildingstoimproveenergyefficiencyandmake35(low)carbonemissions.Chinaissuedaguideline36supportsgreendevelopmentinurbanandruralareasrecently.Institutionalmechanismsandpolicysystemsforgreendevelopmentinurbanandruralareaswillbe37(basic)establishedby2025,whilegreendevelopmentwillcoverurbanandruralareas38acomprehensivewayby2035,with39increasedcutincarbonemissions,saidtheguideline.Theministrywillstatea14thfive-yearplanonurbanandrurallivingenvironmentplanningandtake40(measure)tobringeco-environment,constructionandsocialandculturalenvironmentintolinewhilepromotinggreendevelopmentofregionsandcities.5.（2023届江苏省天一中学高考考前热身训练英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Toprotecttheoceanandpreventplasticwastepollutingthewater,anItaliancompanyhasinventedRiverCleaning,41seemstobeaperfecttoolforpickinguplitterbeforeitgetsthere.About80percentofoceanwastecomesfrom100ofthe42(large)waterwaysacrosstheworld.So,stoppingwasteatitssourceis43excellentpotentialsolution.However,thecompanyhadtoovercomeseveral44(difficulty)beforeitcouldtestouttheinvention45(proper).Forexample,itsdevicehadtoallowboatstoeasilypassthrough,whilebeingable46(run)24/7withnoimpactontheenvironment.TheresultisRiverCleaning,a100percenteffective,lowcost,lowimpactsolution.Attached47thebedatthebottomoftheriver,RiverCleaningisaseriesofbuoys(浮标)thatpoweredbythe48(nature)flowoftheriver.Ithastheabilitytocollectdifferentkindsofwaste.Sofar,studies49(show)RiverCleaningcancollect85percentofallwastepassingbyit.So,ifitisusedinalltherightplaces,that’supto85percentoftrashpreventedfrom50(enter)flowingintotheocean.6.（2023年福建省德化一中、永安一中、漳平一中三校协作高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Housedinasmallcontainerandmeasuringjust0.5cmlong,theweevil(象鼻虫)doesn’tlookvery51(frighten).YetthisspeciesistheUK’slatesthopeinanewwaveofbiologicalways

52(control)invasivespeciesratherthanusingchemicalandmechanicalmethods.TheSouthAmericancreature’stargetisafloatingplant53blocksrivers,cuttingwateroxygenlevelsandoutcompetingnativeplants.Aswellas54(potential)threateningbiodiversity,theinvasivespecieshaveabigeconomicimpactonGreatBritain,55(estimate)￡1.7billionayear.ThosearethereasonswhytheweevilisattheforefrontofanewwaveofbiologicalagentsusedintheUKaftermanyrelativetestshavebeencarriedout.TheweevilIsawin56labnearLondonbelongingtotheCentreforAgricultureandBioscienceInternationalwilleattheinvasiveplant’s57(leaf)anditslarvae(幼虫)willeatthestalks(茎)fromtheinsideout.TheweevilswerefirstusedinthewildintheUKlastwinter.Nowmorewill

58(release)invariousareasthisyeartodeal59theinvasivespecies.Thenextproblemswillbewhethertheweevilscanestablish

60(them)inthewildandbeeffectiveagainsttheplant.7.（2023年湖南省岳阳市平江县第一中学高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。FrenchdisasterepicNotre-DameonFirehitsChinesebigscreenThisAprilmarksthe61(four)anniversaryofNotre-DameinParisbeingengulfedbythebiggestblazeinitshistory.NotreDameonFire,nowinChinesecinemas,isadisasterepic62veteranFrenchfilmmakerJean-JacquesAnnaud,whoalsohelmedWolfTotem(2015),adramafilm63(adapt)fromChinesewriterJiangRong’seponymousnovel.ThefilmmadeitsChinapremiereonApril6inBeijinginthepresenceofFrance’sMinisterofCultureRimaAbdulMalakandthedirector.Presentingablow-by-blowrecreationofthegrippingeventsthat64(happen)onApril15,2019whenthefireattheFrenchmedievalcatholiccathedralrockedFranceandshockedthewholeworld,Annaud’snewfilmhailstheheroicpeoplewhoputtheirliveson65linetoaccomplishtheawe-inspiringrescue.Annaudunveiledthefilmingdetailsofthefilmtotheaudience66(attend)theChinapremiere.“Itwasa67(danger)movie.Theactorswereactuallyveryclosetotheextremelyviolentfire,1,200-degreeFahrenheitfire.Thereareveryfewdigitalspecialeffects.Almostallofwhatyouhaveseenare68(identical)reconstructedsetsthatIsetonfire,”hesaid.“WhenIsawthismovieinParislastyear,ittookmeafewhours69Icouldbreatheandwalknormallyonthestreet,”saidMalakatthefilm’sChinapremiere.TheFrenchministerannouncedthat2024willbetheFrance-ChinaYearofCultureandTourismandsheinvitedChinesetouriststotraveltoFrancefortheoccasion,especiallytoseetheNotre-DamecathedralinParis,70,afteralmostsixyearsofextensiverenovations,isscheduledtoreopentothepublicinDecemberofthesameyear.8.（2023年江苏省南通市高三考前练习卷英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Breathingdirtyaircausestheprematuredeathofatleast1,200childrenacrossEuropeeachyear.Actually,manythousandsmore71(trouble)withphysicalandmentalhealthproblemsthatcouldhavelifelongimpacts.72itcomestoairpollution,wecan’tthinkofchildren73littleadults.Theyreceivemorepollution,anditstartsinthewomb(子宫)andcontinuesinkindergartenandonwards.Childrenaremoreexposedtodirtyairthanadultsbecausetheyhavea74(fast)breathingrate,areclosertothegroundandareoutdoorsmore.Theyareparticularly75(sense)todirtyair,andpollutantscanhaveapermanentimpactontheirdevelopment.Theimpactsbeginbeforebirth,76contributestolowbirthweightandprematurebirth.Reducingthe77(source)ofairpollution,includingroadtraffic,coalandsolidfuelburning,andindustrialemissions(排放物),iskey.Actionshouldalsobetaken78(reduce)thespecificriskstochildren.Thesecouldincludeputtingcleanairzonesaroundschools,wheretrafficwould79(restrict)andidlingengines(怠速运转)prohibited.Localauthoritiesandschoolsshouldalsoconsider80(plant)trees,ivyscreensandhedgefencesaroundplaygrounds.9.（2023年海南省琼海市嘉积中学高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。81(handle)thewidespreaduseandenvironmentaldamagecausedbysingle-useplastics,

aChineseresearchinstitutehasproposeddevelopingnewtechnologies82usingamoreeco-friendlysubstitute-bamboo.Theproposal,83(announce)onThursdaybytheInternationalCentreforBambooandRattan,comesaftertheBambooasaSubstituteforPlasticInitiativeintroducedattheHigh-levelDialogueonGlobalDevelopmentheld84(virtual)inBeijinginJune.FeiBenhua,directoroftheInternationalCentreforBambooandRattan,saidbamboo-strawmanufacturingtechnologycouldberealizedandusedtoreplaceplasticstrawson85largescale,86(add)thatusingbambootomakestrawsisjustthebeginning.Theworldmakesnearly400millionmetrictonsofplasticeveryyearforuseinpackaging,construction,cateringandother87(purpose),andChina’sdeliveryindustryannually88(produce)about1.8milliontonsofplasticwaste.Asharpriseinsingle-useplastics,89areproducedalmostentirelyfromfossilfuels,hasdamagedthewell-beingoftheplanet.Bamboo,ontheotherhand,canbeusedtoproducecups,straws,paperandpackaging,whilebeing90(recycle)andenvironmentallyfriendly.10.（2023年河南省安阳市高三第三次模拟英语试题）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。AccordingtothefifthGlobalBiodiversityOutlookreport,biodiversityisdeclining91analarmingrate.AsthemostbiodiverseprovinceinChina,southwesternYunnanissharing92(it)conservationstrategyontheinternationalstage.Seventeenyearsaftertheprovincefirst93(introduce)theconceptofSpecieswithExtremelySmallPopulations(SESP),YunnanshowcasedtheachievementsinconservationonDec16atasideeventofthe15thmeetingoftheConferenceoftheParties(COP15)totheUNConventiononBiologicalDiversityinMontreal,Canada.“Wewillforeverlosetheopportunityforfuturedevelopmentthatsomespeciesbringiftheygoextinction,”saysYangHua,94workerwiththeprovincialforestryandgrasslandadministration.SESP,95(bring)forwardbytheprovincein2005,wasaconcepttorepresentspecies

96werefoundtoberestrictedintheirgeographicdistributionandshowedweakpopulation97(grow).Eversincethen,theprovince’sconservationefforts98(help)thepopulationofAsianelephantsreacharound360,andthatofblack-and-whitesnub-nosedmonkeysisnow3,800.SunWeibang,directoroftheKunmingBotanicalGarden,undertheKunmingInstituteofBotanyoftheChineseAcademyofSciences,99(recent)saidthat,duringadecadeofcontinuousdevelopment,PlantSpecieswithExtremelySmallPopulations(PSESP)wasappliedasamodel100(conserve)nativeplantsincountriessuchasItaly,Russia,Mexico,andIraq.11.（2023年辽宁省重点高中协作校高三模拟试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HEFEI-ThreeDalmatianpelicans(卷羽鹈鹕),orPelecanuscrispus,werespottedatChaohuLakeforthefirsttime,thefifth101(large)freshwaterlakeinthecountry.Therarebirds102(photograph)onWednesdaybyalocalbiologicalresourcessurveyteamandtwobirdwatchers.103numberofDalmatianpelicans,anationalfirstclassprotectedspecies,isquitesmallinChina.104,itisraretoseethreeof105(they)atthesametime,accordingtoYuLei,abirdexpertonthelocalbiologicalresourcessurveyteam.“Thiswadingbird,whichfeedsonfish,hasahighlevelofalertnessandrequiresagood106(live)environment.Thefishingbaninthelakeandtheimprovedenvironmentarereasonsbehindthe107(appear)ofthesepelicans,”saidYu,addingthattheymigratedhere108(spend)thewinter.Morethan80birds,suchaslittleswansandcormorants,werealsospottedonWednesdayatthelake.HefeiCity,109thelakeislocated,110(take)anumberofmeasurestostrengthentheprotectionof10majorwetlandsaroundChaohuLakeinrecentyears,includingbanningfishing,landreclamationandwastedumpingintheprotectedzones.12.（2023年山西省大同市高三试题）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThedaystartsearlyforZhengBaogangandhistree-plantingteam.Atabout5a.m.,theyareontheirwaytothesiteof111abandonedmineinHuzhou,Zhejiangprovince.SinceJune,theyhavebeenworkingtorestorethelandto112(it)pastnaturalglory.Itisthemostdifficultreforestationprojectrelatedtotheformercoalminesandstonequarriesintheareain113Zhenghasparticipated.TheHuzhouminewasputintooperationinthelate1980s114itisabout200metresdeepnow.Today,theentiresiteforreclamation(开垦)ismorethan200.000squaremetres.115(wear)ropesandstrapslikemountaineers,Zhengandhisteamtook116(step)downtheclifftoloosenthecompacted(压实的)soilandplanttreesorgrassseedseveryday.Insummer,thegroundtemperaturecanreachover40°C,whileinwinter,itis117(extreme)cold.Althoughtheworkis118(danger)andlaborious,Zhengsaysitisrewardingtoseethebrownfieldsturninggreen.Estimatedtobecompletedbytheendofthismonth,theprojectwillenteratwo-yearmaintenanceperiod119(restore)thearea’sgreenery.Inthepastdecade,Zheng120(help)withsuchworkatover60formersites.Somesitesareevenrevivingparklands.13.（2023年贵州省铜仁市高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TwovillageshavebeennamedtheBestTourismVillages2022bytheWorldTourismOrganization,thankstotheirachievementsin121(balance)tourismwitheconomicdevelopmentwhilestickingto122(environment)protection.Accordingtotheorganization,32villagesin18countriesandregionsincludingAustria,ChileandChina123(award)therecognitionlateonTuesday.China’sDazhaivillageintheGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion124JingzhuvillageinChongqingwontherecognition.FiguresshowthattourismdevelopmentinDazhai125(bring)greateconomicbenefitstovillagerssincethevillagestartedtodeveloptourismaround2003.Accordingtothebureau,126thevillageonlyreceived32,000visitsin2004,thenumberrosetonearly798,000in2019beforeCOVID-19emerged.Thevillagers’averageincomealsosaw127risefrom700yuanperyear($100)toover34,500yuanin2019.Jingzhuvillage,theothervillage128(recognize)bytheWorldTourismOrganizationthisyear,islocatedinChongqing.TheWorldTourismOrganizationbegantoawardBestTourismVillagesacrosstheworldin2021129(promote)theculturalheritageprotectionandsustainabledevelopmentofvillages.Chinasofarhasfourvillageswinningthetitle,130theothertwobeingYucunvillageinZhejiangandXidivillageinAnhui.14.（四川省资阳中学2023年高三试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Moreandmorechildrenaresufferingfromeco-anxiety,whichis131problemthatcausespeopletoworryalotaboutthefutureofEarthandthelifeonit.Theyworryaboutclimatechange,132(pollute)andthelossofbiodivers