2025-2026学年浙江省某中学高二上学期返校考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期返校考试英语试卷第Ⅰ卷（选择题部分）第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AForthestudents,researchersorsimpleloversofknowledgeandart,itisaprivilegetohaveafreevirtuallibraryathand,beingabletodownloadimportanttextswithoutspendingasingledollar.◆InternetArchiveItisanon-profitdigitallibrarycreatedin1996byBrewsterKahle.Inadditiontomillionsofbooksavailabletothegeneralpublic,italsohostsalargenumberofvideo(movies),audio(music)andsoftwarefiles,etc.Itisnotnecessarytoregistertoaccesstheinformation,soanyusercaneasilyviewanddownloadit,althoughthosewhodecidetoregisterobtainotherbenefitssuchasaccesstomorethan1.3millioncopyrightede-books.◆InfoBooksRead,Learn,Grow…isthesloganofthedigitallibrary.Itisdividedintothreesectionstofacilitatethesearchforcontent,andthefirstcalled“Bestbookstoread”focusesonaspecialcollectionofvarioustopicsclassifiedbyfamousauthors.Thesecondis“Freebooksandtexts”,whereyouwillfindpublicdomainliteraturethatyoucandownload,andthethirdsectioncontainsresourcestoimproveyourreading.◆ProjectGutenbergProjectGutenbergisasitethathasavailablesixtythousand“free”booksthatarefreeofcopyrightsotospeak,sincetherightsaccordingtocertainlawshaveexpiredinthiscase.Thatiswhytheycanbedownloadedwithtotalpeaceofmind.TheProjectGutenbergalsohasanOpenAudiobookCollection,almost5,000titlesfrom2023,viaaProjectGutenbergcollaborationwithMicrosoftandMIT.Theseuseneuraltext-to-speechtechnologyformorenatural-soundingcomputer-generatedaudiobooks.Theseaudiobooksarealsoavailableonmajormusic/podcastplatforms.1.WhatmostattractsuserstoInternetAchive?A.Privatesoftwarefiles.B.Easyaccesstoplentyofe-books.C.Classicmusicoflimitededition.D.Variousmoviesofauthorizededition.2.HowcanwefindtheworksofMarkTwainmostprecisely?A.SearchInfoBooks,Section1online.B.E-mailBrewsterKahletoobtaindirectly.C.DownloadSoftwarefilesfromInternetAchive.D.WaitfordistributionsfromProjectGutenberg.3.WhatdoesProjectGutenberghaveincommonwithInternetArchive?A.Audioresourcesareprovidedonline.B.Materialscanbeadjustedtodifferentusers.C.Copyrightsofsomebooksareoutofdate.D.Theyprovidereadingstrategiestraining.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了三个主要的免费虚拟图书馆。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据InternetArchive中“Inadditiontomillionsofbooksavailabletothegeneralpublic,italsohostsalargenumberofvideo(movies),audio(music)andsoftwarefiles,etc.Itisnotnecessarytoregistertoaccesstheinformation,soanyusercaneasilyviewanddownloadit(除了数以百万计的书籍可供公众使用外，它还拥有大量的视频（电影），音频（音乐）和软件文件等。访问信息不需要注册，因此任何用户都可以轻松查看和下载这些信息)”可知，该虚拟图书馆最吸引用户的地方是无需注册，可方便地获取大量电子书。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据InfoBooks中“Itisdividedintothreesectionstofacilitatethesearchforcontent,andthefirstcalled“Bestbookstoread”focusesonaspecialcollectionofvarioustopicsclassifiedbyfamousauthors.(为了方便搜索内容，它分为三个部分，第一部分被称为“最佳阅读书籍”，重点是按著名作家分类的各种主题的特别收藏)”可知，通过在网上检索该虚拟图书馆的第一部分，我们可以很准确地找到马克·吐温这样的著名作家的作品。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据InternetArchive中“Inadditiontomillionsofbooksavailabletothegeneralpublic,italsohostsalargenumberofvideo(movies),audio(music)andsoftwarefiles,etc.(除了数以百万计的书籍可供公众使用外，它还拥有大量的视频（电影），音频（音乐）和软件文件等)”和ProjectGutenberg中“TheProjectGutenbergalsohasanOpenAudiobookCollection,almost5,000titlesfrom2023,viaaProjectGutenbergcollaborationwithMicrosoftandMIT.(“古腾堡计划”也有一个开放的有声图书收藏，通过该计划与微软和麻省理工学院的合作，从2023年开始有近5000种图书)”可知，这两个虚拟图书馆都在线提供音频资源。故选A项。BWhenMargueriteRichardspostedaTikTokvideoaboutherfather’sdecade-oldthrillernovel,shewashopingtoinspirealittleinterest.Afewdozennewreaders,maybe.Asthefirstfewpositivecommentsstartedrollingin,shewaspleasedtohavedonesomethingniceforadadwhodefinitelydeservedit.Shehadnoideathat,withindays,millionsofpeoplewouldseehervideo,andherfather’sbookwouldrisetothetopofAmazon’sBestSellerlist.LloydRichardsfirstpublishedStoneMaidensin2012.It’sathrilleraboutanFBIagentfollowingakillerinIndianaand,byhisdaughter’saccount,it’squiteattractive.However,hisoriginalrelease(出版)failedtodrumupexcitement.It’sadifferentworldnow,withsocialmediamakingsomebodyandsomethingrisetofameovernight.Richards,thedaughter,decidedtotryherluck.“Isawhowmuchtimeandeffortandpassionmydadputintohisbook.Iknowwhatalovelystorytellerheis,”shetoldCNN.“Heneverstoppedwriting,andhealwaysstayedpositive.”Whetheritwastheinterestingthriller,ortheeffortsofaprouddaughter,thestoryofLloydRichardsandStoneMaidensstruckachord.MargueriteRichardspostedthefirstTikTokaboutStoneMaidensabouttwoweeksago.Ithassincereceived48millionviewsandnumerouspositiveresponses.Afterthat,Richardspostedmorevideosofherfather,delightinginhisunexpectedsuccess.“Mydadwasn’treallysurewhatTikTokis,buthehasbeensopleasedandgrateful,”Richardssays.Theexperiencehasbreathednewlifeintoalaboroflove.Now,LloydRichardshasmorethan360,000TikTokfollowersandabrand-newstorytotell.Hehasplansforthefuture,too.4.WhatinitiallymotivatedMargueriteRichardstopostaboutherfather’sbookonTikTok?A.Tohelpherfatherbecomeanonlineinfluencer.B.Toattractamodestnumberofnewreadersforthebook.C.Tointroduceherfather’sdailylifeonsocialmedia.D.Toprovethatolderbookscouldoutsellnewreleases.5.Whatdoweknowabout

StoneMaidens

whenitwasfirstpublished?A.ItimmediatelybecameabestselleronAmazon.B.Itwaswidelypromotedonsocialmediaplatforms.C.Itfailedtogainsignificantattentionatthetime.D.Itreceivednegativereviewsfromthrillerreaders.6.WhydidLloydRichards’booksuddenlybecomesuccessfulyearslater?A.Hisdaughter’sTikTokvideowentviralunexpectedly.B.Herewrotethebooktofitmodernreaders’preferences.C.Afamouscelebrityrecommendeditonsocialmedia.D.Theoriginalpublisherrelaunchedamarketingcampaign.7.HowdidLloydRichardsfeelaboutwhathisdaughterhaddoneforhim?A.Puzzledbutpleased B.SurprisedandregretfulC.Unexpectedandshocked D.Delightedandthankful【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了劳埃德・理查兹（LloydRichards）的女儿玛格丽特・理查兹（MargueriteRichards）在TikTok上发布关于父亲十年前的惊悚小说的视频，使该书意外登上亚马逊畅销书榜首的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenMargueriteRichardspostedaTikTokvideoaboutherfather’sdecade-oldthrillernovel,shewashopingtoinspirealittleinterest.Afewdozennewreaders,maybe.(当玛格丽特・理查兹在TikTok上发布一条关于她父亲那本已有十年历史的惊悚小说的视频时，她只是希望能激起一点兴趣。或许，能吸引几十个新读者吧。)”可知，玛格丽特・理查兹最初在TikTok上发布关于她父亲的书的视频，是希望能激发一点人们的兴趣，吸引几十位新读者。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“It’sathrilleraboutanFBIagentfollowingakillerinIndianaand,byhisdaughter’saccount,it’squiteattractive.However,hisoriginalrelease(出版)failedtodrumupexcitement.(这是一部惊悚小说，讲述了一名联邦调查局特工在印第安纳州追捕一名杀手的故事，据他女儿说，这本书相当吸引人。然而，该书最初出版时并未引起太多关注。)”可知，劳埃德・理查兹的《石中少女》在2012年首次出版时，没能引起人们的兴奋，即没有获得太多关注。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Shehadnoideathat,withindays,millionsofpeoplewouldseehervideo,andherfather’sbookwouldrisetothetopofAmazon’sBestSellerlist.(她完全没想到，短短几天内，就有数百万网友看到了她的视频，而她父亲的书也一举登上了亚马逊畅销书排行榜的榜首。)”以及倒数第二段“MargueriteRichardspostedthefirstTikTokaboutStoneMaidensabouttwoweeksago.Ithassincereceived48millionviewsandnumerouspositiveresponses.(玛格丽特・理查兹大约两周前发布了第一条关于《石中少女》的TikTok视频。从那以后，这条视频已经获得了4800万次观看量和无数正面回应。)”可知，劳埃德・理查兹的书多年后突然成功是因为他女儿的TikTok视频意外走红，获得了数以百万计的观看量，从而让这本书登上了亚马逊畅销书榜首。故选A项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Mydadwasn’treallysurewhatTikTokis,buthehasbeensopleasedandgrateful,”Richardssays.(“我爸爸其实不太清楚TikTok是什么，但他一直非常开心，也充满感激，”理查兹说。)”可知，劳埃德・理查兹对女儿为他所做的事情感到高兴和感激。故选D项。CItisastrangecoincidencethatashumansattempttogreatlyreducetheircarbonemissions,theyarealsorushingtodevelopatechnologythatcould,intheory,consumeanunlimitedamountofenergy.Doingthingsagainstfactsisadangerousgame,butyoucanpictureaworldinwhich,havingchosentostartdealingwithclimatechangeproperlyinthe1990s,wewouldbejustwrappingupthegentlepathtonet-zeroemissionsintimeforarapidAIincreasefuelledbygreenpower.Instead,wefindourselvesatriskofrunninga21st-centurytechnologyona20th-centuryenergysupply.IfyouliveintheUS,everytimeyouuseanAImodel,around20percentoftheelectricityrequiredwillbeproducedbyburningcoal.TheexplosivegrowthofAImakesthisanevenmorepressingconcern.Accordingtooneanalysis,ifGooglechosetoshifttoanentirelyAI-poweredsearchbusiness,itselectricityconsumptioncouldmatchthatofsomecountries.Suchestimatesmaybemagnified,butevidenceofrisingpowerconsumptionfromAIisallaround.Microsoftisplacingbetsonnuclearplantstopoweritsdatacenters,whiletheEnglishgovernmenthaspromisedtoboostitsnationalcomputingcapacityby50percentby2025,whichwouldhelpitkeeppacewithrapidAIdevelopmentsintheworld.Thankfully,wemaysoonreachaturningpoint.Asisreported,thisyeartheglobalpowerdepartmentcameclosetoreachingpeakgreenhousegasemissions,astheswitchfromfossil(化石)fuelstocleanandrenewablesourcesiswellunderway.Thequestionnowiswhetherwecanquickenthepaceofdecarbonisation(脱碳)tomatchthecominggrowthinenergyconsumptionasAIbecomesincreasinglyembeddedinoursociety.SiliconValley’sintelligentmachinesmaygrabtheheadlinesandtheimagination,butthepeoplereallyinventingthefutureareworkingontheenergysector.8.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Carbonemissionshavebeenreducedalot. B.Therealityisfarfromwhatweexpected.C.TherapidAIincreasebringsmanybenefits. D.Climatechangehastobedealtwithproperly.9.Whyiselectricityconsumptionamajorconcern?A.ExtensiveuseofAIwillconsumemoreenergy.B.Manycountrieshaven’tswitchedtocleanenergy.C.Thereisnolimitontech-giants’electricityconsumption.D.20%ofthepowerisproducedbyburningcoalintheUS.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“magnified”inparagraph4mean?A.Undervalued. B.Overstated. C.Common. D.Reasonable.11.Whatwouldbeourprimarytaskbeforewereachaturningpoint?A.ShiftingtoafullyAI-poweredsearchbusiness.B.Achievingnet-zeroemissionsassoonaspossible.C.Balancingenergy-hungryAIwithdecarbonisation.D.Creatinganunlimitedenergy-consumingtechnology.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人类在努力减少碳排放的同时，也在急于发展一种理论上可能消耗无限能量的技术——人工智能，并探讨了由此带来的能源消耗与脱碳之间的平衡问题。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Doingthingsagainstfactsisadangerousgame,butyoucanpictureaworldinwhich,havingchosentostartdealingwithclimatechangeproperlyinthe1990s,wewouldbejustwrappingupthegentlepathtonet-zeroemissionsintimeforarapidAIincreasefuelledbygreenpower.Instead,wefindourselvesatriskofrunninga21st-centurytechnologyona20th-centuryenergysupply.(违背事实行事是一场危险的游戏，但你可以想象这样一个世界：如果我们在20世纪90年代就开始妥善处理气候变化问题，那么我们现在就能在为绿色能源推动的快速人工智能增长及时铺就一条温和的净零排放之路。然而，事实上我们发现自己有可能用20世纪的能源供应来运行21世纪的技术，这是有风险的)”可知，本段通过对比理想中的情况和现实情况，说明了现实与预期之间存在很大的差距。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“IfyouliveintheUS,everytimeyouuseanAImodel,around20percentoftheelectricityrequiredwillbeproducedbyburningcoal.TheexplosivegrowthofAImakesthisanevenmorepressingconcern.(如果你住在美国，每次你使用人工智能模型时，所需电力的大约20%将来自燃烧煤炭。人工智能的爆炸式增长使得这一问题更加紧迫)”可知，由于人工智能的广泛使用，将消耗更多的能源，这使得电力消耗成为一个主要问题。故选A项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。划线词所在句“Suchestimatesmaybemagnified,butevidenceofrisingpowerconsumptionfromAIisallaround.(这样的估计可能_____，但人工智能耗电量增加的证据随处可见)”中“Suchestimates”指的是第二段中提到的“如果谷歌选择转向完全由人工智能驱动的搜索业务，其用电量可能与一些国家相当”这一惊人估计。结合句中“but”可知，前后文有转折关系，后文说“人工智能耗电量增加的证据随处可见”，由此推知，上文是讲“这样的估计可能有所夸大”，与下文构成转折关系。划线词magnified意思是“夸大的”，与Overstated意思相近。故选B项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thequestionnowiswhetherwecanquickenthepaceofdecarbonisation(脱碳)tomatchthecominggrowthinenergyconsumptionasAIbecomesincreasinglyembeddedinoursociety.(现在的问题是，随着人工智能越来越深入地融入我们的社会，我们是否能加快脱碳的步伐，以匹配即将到来的能源消耗增长)”可知，在我们达到转折点之前，我们的主要任务是平衡高能耗人工智能与脱碳步伐之间的关系。故选C项。DThecliche(陈词滥调)ofaknitterisawhite-hairedlady.Butinthe1940s,youngmaleRoyalAirForcepilotsusedneedlesastheywaitedfortheirnextmission.Wartimepilotscrashedalotand“lapcrafts”likeknitting,helpedrebuildflexibilityinwoundedlimbswhilealsohelpingtosettlewoundedminds.Theywerethefoundationofearlyoccupationaltherapy(治疗).Today,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldemploythesesametechniques.“Theyarecloselyassociatedwithourmentalhealth,”saysJanineSmith,theownerofastorethatsellssuppliesforknittingandcrocheting(用钩针编制).“IknowthatifIhaven’tknittedforafewdays,Ireallymissit.It’slikemeditation.”PhysiotherapistBetsanCorkhillandoccupationaltherapistJillRileywerepartofateamfromCardiffUniversitythat,tenyearsago,surveyedmorethan3,500knittersandfoundthatthemorefrequentlypeopleknitted,thecalmerandhappiertheyfelt.Inreality,itisa“Flow”,whichisaconceptfirstnamedbypsychologistMihalyCsikszentmihalyiashewroteinhisbook,“Thebestmomentsinourlivesarenotthepassive,receptive,relaxingtimes.Thebestmomentsusuallyoccurifaperson’sbodyormindisstretchedtoitslimitsinavoluntaryefforttoaccomplishsomethingdifficultandworthwhile.”ShaunaRichardsonknowsjusthowtruethisis.Theartistspent18monthsinastateofflowwhenshecrochetedthreeseven-metre-longlionsforthe2012CulturalOlympiad.Tocompletethetask,whichrequirednearly38milesofwool,shesaysshehadto“zoneeverythingoutandsustainastateofminddrivenbyrhythmandprocess.”Butsmallerprojectswillalsogetyouthere.Evenasimpleknittingorcrochetpatternrequiresattentivenesstoensurethateachstitchismadecorrectly.Andifthere’snotenoughchallengeinthestraightforward,youcanmakeadditions,fromcolourchangestotexturedstitchestohighlycomplicatedpatterns.TheCardiffresearchteamfoundthateventhoughmostofthepeoplesurveyedwereemployed,three-quartersofthosewhoknittedthreeormoretimesaweekfeltsignificantlymoreabletoorganisetheirthoughtsandforgettheirproblems.12.What’sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Toexploreearlyoccupationaltherapy.B.Tointroducetheearlyusesofknitting.C.Todistinguishbetweentwotypesofpilots.D.Tostressknittingisnotonlyforoldwomen.13.Onwhichoccasionwillapersonexperience“Flow”?A.Playingcomputergamestoone’sheart’scontent.B.Figuringoutagoodsolutionallofasudden.C.Workingonatechnicalproblemdevotedly.D.Hangingoutwithalong-lostgoodfriend.14.Whatcanyouinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Onestitchmissedmayleadtothelossofone’sattentiveness.B.Colorsandpatternsmakeadifferencetothebeautyoftheproject.C.Smallerprojectswillnotcontributemuchtoexperiencing“Flow”.D.Frequentknittersarebetterathandlingtheirthoughtsandchallenges.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ActiveHands,CalmMinds. B.UniqueTherapy,EffectiveHealing.C.SpecialTechniques,OrganizedThoughts. D.SimpleKnitting,StrongBody.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了编织活动对人们心理健康的积极影响，包括其早期的应用、能让人进入“心流”状态以及有助于人们更好地处理思绪和挑战。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thecliche(陈词滥调)ofaknitterisawhite-hairedlady.Butinthe1940s,youngmaleRoyalAirForcepilotsusedneedlesastheywaitedfortheirnextmission.Wartimepilotscrashedalotand‘lapcrafts’likeknitting,helpedrebuildflexibilityinwoundedlimbswhilealsohelpingtosettlewoundedminds.Theywerethefoundationofearlyoccupationaltherapy(治疗).(对编织者的刻板印象是一位白发苍苍的女士。但在20世纪40年代，年轻的皇家空军飞行员在等待下一次任务时会使用针线。战时飞行员经常坠机，像编织这样的‘膝上手工’有助于恢复受伤肢体的灵活性，同时也有助于安抚受伤的心灵。它们是早期职业治疗的基础)”可知，第一段通过打破“编织者是白发老太太”的刻板印象，引入二战时期年轻男性飞行员通过编织恢复肢体灵活性和心理状态的早期应用，从而引出编织在职业治疗中的历史作用‌。虽然段落确实提及了职业治疗的雏形（foundationofearlyoccupationaltherapy），但核心目的是通过历史案例展示编织的早期功能性用途，而非专门探讨职业治疗本身‌。故选B项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inreality,itisa‘Flow’,whichisaconceptfirstnamedbypsychologistMihalyCsikszentmihalyiashewroteinhisbook,‘Thebestmomentsinourlivesarenotthepassive,receptive,relaxingtimes.Thebestmomentsusuallyoccurifaperson’sbodyormindisstretchedtoitslimitsinavoluntaryefforttoaccomplishsomethingdifficultandworthwhile.’(实际上，它是一种‘心流’，这是心理学家米哈里·契克森米哈赖在他的书中首次命名的概念，他在书中写道：‘我们生命中最美好的时刻不是被动、接受和放松的时刻。最美好的时刻通常出现在一个人自愿努力去完成一些困难且有价值的事情，从而使身心达到极限的时候。’)”可知，当一个人自愿努力去完成一些困难且有价值的事情时会体验到“心流”。由此推知，所以当一个人全身心投入于解决一个技术问题时，会体验到“心流”。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Evenasimpleknittingorcrochetpatternrequiresattentivenesstoensurethateachstitchismadecorrectly.(即使是一个简单的编织或钩织图案，也需要集中注意力，以确保每一针都织得正确)”和最后一段“TheCardiffresearchteamfoundthateventhoughmostofthepeoplesurveyedwereemployed,three-quartersofthosewhoknittedthreeormoretimesaweekfeltsignificantlymoreabletoorganisetheirthoughtsandforgettheirproblems.(卡迪夫研究小组发现，尽管接受调查的大多数人都有工作，但那些每周编织三次或更多次的人中有四分之三觉得自己在组织思维和忘记问题方面的能力明显更强)”可知，经常编织的人在组织思维和忘记问题方面的能力明显更强，所以他们更擅长处理思维和应对挑战。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，重点结合文章第三段“PhysiotherapistBetsanCorkhillandoccupationaltherapistJillRileywerepartofateamfromCardiffUniversitythat,tenyearsago,surveyedmorethan3,500knittersandfoundthatthemorefrequentlypeopleknitted,thecalmerandhappiertheyfelt.(物理治疗师贝特森·科克希尔和职业治疗师吉尔·莱利是卡迪夫大学一个团队的成员。十年前，该团队对3500多名编织者进行了调查，发现人们编织的频率越高，感觉就越平静和快乐。)”可知，文章主要介绍了编织活动对人们心理健康的积极影响，包括让人心情平静、进入“心流”状态。故A选项“ActiveHands,CalmMinds(灵巧的双手，平静的心灵)”准确概括了文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A项。第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LivingoffgridWhenyouneedelectricity,youjustpluginthemachineandswitchiton.Ifyouneedwater,youturnonthetap._____16_____Formanypeople,thesefacilitiesarethebasicsofcivilizedsocietyandtheideaoflivingwithoutthemseemsrisky.Yetforagrowingnumberofpeople,theideaoflivingoffgrid—withoutelectricity,waterorsewage(污水)—isanincreasinglyattractivelifestyle.Off-griddersdonothavetogiveupelectricityoramodernlifestyle—somechooseto,butmostusesmallhydroelectric(水电的)powersystems,solarpanelsorwindmillstogenerateenoughpowerfortheirneeds.Heatingandcookingneedsaremetbysolarenergyorwoodburningsystems,andtoiletfacilitiesrangefromnon-watertoiletstooutsidecompost(堆肥)toilets._____17_____Itrangesfromtraditionalyurts(atypeoftent)toluxuryhouseswithhigh-speedinternetandcentralheating.Whethertheyliveinsimplehomesorluxuryhouses,whattheyallhaveincommonisthattheirlifestylesdonotcreateanypollutionorcarbonemissions—theultimategoalforoff-gridders.Around100,000peoplearethoughttobelivingoffgridintheUKnow._____18_____Theygrowtheirownfood,home-schooltheirchildrenandprovidetheirownmedicalcare.Theyarepeoplewhohavebeenpricedoutofthehousingmarketorwhohavegrowndisillusionedwithwhatmodernsocietycanofferandwhodecidethatanalternativelifestyleisn’tapipedream,butaviable(可行的)option._____19_____Off-gridhousesarefarcheapertobuildthanordinaryhomessincetheydon’tneedtobeconnectedtotheelectricityorwatersuppliesandevenroadaccessisnotnecessary.Materialstendtobecheaper,too.Popularoptionsincludestraworoldtyresandcement.Surprisingly,thebiggestproblemoff-griddersfaceisnotbuildingtheirhomesorbecomingself-sufficientbutgettingpermissiontobuild.Ruralareasawayfromtownaretheperfectchoicebuttheseareoftenprotectedbylawfromconstructionofanykindorhavebuildingrestrictions.Therearenowseveralwebsitesdedicatedtoland-sharingsothatthecostsofbuyinglandandgettingpermissioncanbeshared,andthereareincreasingnumbersofoff-gridcommunities._____20_____Off-griddingcouldsoonbecommonalloverEuropeandAmerica.A.Manyareself-sufficient,notjustprovidingtheirownelectricity,waterandsewagesystems,butinallaspects.B.Afteryouusethetoilet,youflushitandthewastedisappears.C.Thisshiftfromindividualtogroupoff-griddingreflectsthefactthatthetrendisgrowingnoticeably.D.Livingoff-gridstillhasalongwaytogobeforeitbecomesamainstreamwayofliving.E.Ratherthanbuildingpermanenthomes,vansormobilehomesorevenoldshippingcontainersareotheroptions.F.Theyliveinahugevarietyoftypesofaccommodation.G.Apartfromlivinganalternativelifestyle,costisabigfactorinchoosingtoliveoff-grid.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.G20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的生活方式——脱离电网的生活。【16题详析】根据上文“Whenyouneedelectricity,youjustpluginthemachineandswitchiton.Ifyouneedwater,youturnonthetap.(你需要电的时候，只要把机器插上电源就可以了。如果你需要水，就打开水龙头)”可知，此处是在讲述我们的日常生活。B项“上完厕所后，冲一冲，排泄物就不见了”符合语境，也是对日常生活场景的描述。故选B。【17题详析】根据下文“Itrangesfromtraditionalyurts(atypeoftent)toluxuryhousewithhigh-speedinternetandcentralheating.(它的范围从传统的蒙古包（一种帐篷）到带有高速互联网和中央供暖的豪华住宅)”可知，空处应是提到了关于住宿的问题。F项“他们住在各种各样的住所里”符合语境，it指代选项中的accommodation。故选F。【18题详析】根据下文“Theygrowtheirownfood,home-schooltheirchildrenandprovidetheirownmedicalcare.(他们种植自己的食物，在家教育他们的孩子，并提供自己的医疗保健)”可知，脱离电网的人过着自给自足的生活。A项“许多都能实现自给自足，不仅能自行解决电力、供水和污水处理问题，而且在所有方面（都能做到自主供给）。”符合语境，下文是对allaspects的举例说明。故选A。【19题详析】根据下文“Off-gridhousesarefarcheapertobuildthanordinaryhomessincetheydon’tneedtobeconnectedtotheelectricityorwatersuppliesandevenroadaccessisnotnecessary.

(离网住宅的建造比普通住宅便宜得多，因为它们不需要连接电力或水供应，甚至不需要道路接入)”可知，脱离电网的生活成本较低。G项“除了追求另类的生活方式外，成本也是人们选择离网生活的一个重要因素”符合语境，下文是对“低成本”的具体说明。故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Therearenowseveralwebsitesdedicatedtoland-sharingsothatthecostsofbuyinglandandgettingpermissioncanbeshared,andthereareincreasingnumbersofoff-gridcommunities.(现在有几个网站致力于土地共享，这样购买土地和获得许可的成本可以共享，而且越来越多的离网社区)”及下文“Off-griddingcouldsoonbecommonalloverEuropeandAmerica.(脱离电网的现象很快就会在欧洲和美国普遍存在)”可知，不仅有个人脱离电网的情况，还有脱离电网的社区，这表明脱离电网的这一趋势正在扩大。C项“从个体离网到群体离网的转变，反映出这一趋势正显著扩大的事实。”符合语境。故选C。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasfourteen,mybrotherBarneyandIsetouttoclimbTheToothwithouruncle,TomCampbell.Tomwasa(n)___21___mountaineer,whotaughtusthebasicsonclimbing.Thatmorning,wehikedthroughanancientforest,___22___northwestwards.Leapingfromonerocktothenext,wegraduallyarrivedatthedestination.Directlyaheadwasawallofrock.Tom___23___overagaptotherockface,climbedupawhile,andfoundagoodpositionwherehecoulduseholdstosupportthenextclimber.He___24___theropefirmlybetweenhimselfandBarney,yelling,“Climb!”Barneylookedtohisleftwithaslight___25___,thenhemovedslowlyandcautiouslyforward.Iwatchedhismovescarefully,soIcouldusethesame___26___heused.ButIwas___27___,wonderingwhatwastakinghimsolong.Finally,itwasmyturn.Isteppeduptothegapedge,begantomovetothecliff.___28___,whenIglanceddown,Iwasabsolutelyterrified.Thecliffplunged(猛跌)straightdownforwhatlookedlikeathousandfeet.Thenmylegsbegantoshake.“Comeon,”theyencouraged.___29___,Iwilledmyselfacrossthegap,strugglingto____30____thepulloftheabyss(深渊)below.WhenIfinallyreachedthem,mymouthwasasdryasa____31____.Enjoyingagood____32____atthetopofthemountain,IfeltproudthatIhad____33____myfear.Hardworkwill____34____eventually.Thosewhohavereachedthepeakwillfind____35____thatexistsaslongaslifelasts.21.A.overwhelming B.experienced C.humorous D.optimistic22.A.escaping B.wandering C.heading D.fleeing23.A.traced B.jumped C.hung D.bent24.A.placed B.burnt C.tied D.cut25.A.hesitation B.passion C.relief D.distraction26.A.devices B.sticks C.gloves D.holds27.A.amused B.concerned C.impatient D.delighted28.A.However B.Otherwise C.Moreover D.Therefore29.A.Satisfied B.Inspired C.Discouraged D.Relaxed30.A.adjust B.settle C.quit D.resist31.A.volcano B.desert C.plain D.glacier32.A.entertainment B.remark C.view D.postponement33.A.overcome B.accepted C.recalled D.expressed34.A.carryon B.payoff C.takeover D.figureout35.A.property B.emotion C.strength D.fortune【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.C25.A26.D27.C28.A29.B30.D31.B32.C33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了十四岁时，作者和哥哥Barney在经验丰富的叔叔TomCampbell带领下攀登TheTooth山，Barney先攀爬，轮到作者时，他因害怕而颤抖，最终克服恐惧登顶，欣赏美景的同时为自己自豪，明白了努力有回报的道理。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tom是一位经验丰富的登山者，他教我们登山的基本知识。A.overwhelming压倒性的；B.experienced有经验的；C.humorous幽默的；D.optimistic乐观的。根据下文“whotaughtusthebasicsonclimbing”可知，叔叔Tom教作者和哥哥登山的基本知识，由此可知，他是一位经验丰富的登山者。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，我们徒步穿过一片古老的森林，向西北方向走去。A.escaping逃跑；B.wandering徘徊；C.heading前往；D.fleeing逃离。根据上文“wehikedthroughanancientforest”和下文“northwestwards”可推知，此处描述作者他们登山的路径，指穿过一片古老的森林，前往西北方向，即向该方向走去。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tom跳过一个缺口，爬到岩壁上，爬了一会儿，找到了一个可以用支撑点支撑下一个登山者的好位置。A.traced追踪；B.jumped跳跃；C.hung悬挂；D.bent弯曲。根据下文“overagaptotherockface”可推知，Tom需要跳过缺口，再爬到岩壁上。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把绳子牢牢地系在自己和Barney之间，喊道：“爬！”A.placed放置；B.burnt燃烧；C.tied系；D.cut切割。根据这是在爬山的情境，以及下文“theropefirmlybetweenhimselfandBarney”可推知，Tom是把绳子牢牢地系在自己和Barney之间，让Barney好从下面爬上去。故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Barney看了看他的左边，有点犹豫，然后他缓慢而小心地向前移动。A.hesitation犹豫；B.passion激情；C.relief宽慰；D.distraction分心。根据下文“thenhemovedslowlyandcautiouslyforward”可知，Barney缓慢而小心地向前移动，由此可知，他是看到状况后有点犹豫。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仔细观察他的动作，这样我就可以用他用过的相同的支撑点。A.devices装置；B.sticks棍棒；C.gloves手套；D.holds支撑点。根据这是在爬山的情境，以及上文“wherehecoulduseholdstosupportthenextclimber”以及“Iwatchedhismovescarefully”可推知，作者是通过观察Barney的动作，确定可以借力的支撑点，从而方便自己的攀爬。故选D。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我很不耐烦，好奇他怎么花了这么长时间。A.amused逗乐的；B.concerned关心的；C.impatient不耐烦的；D.delighted高兴的。根据下文“wonderingwhatwastakinghimsolong”可知，作者好奇Barney居然花了这么长时间，由此可知，他是很不耐烦。故选C。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我往下看时，我完全被吓坏了。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否则；C.Moreover此外；D.Therefore因此。根据下文“whenIglanceddown,Iwasabsolutelyterrified”可知，作者往下看时，完全被吓坏了，这与上文他对Barney缓慢攀爬的不解形成转折，应用However“然而”衔接。故选A。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我受到鼓舞，用意志力跨过缺口，奋力抵抗下面深渊的引力。A.Satisfied满意的；B.Inspired受鼓舞的；C.Discouraged气馁的；D.Relaxed放松的。根据下文“Iwilledmyselfacrossthegap”可知，作者用意志力跨过缺口，由此可知，他是受到Barney和Tom所说的话的鼓舞。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我受