2025-2026学年广东省中山市某校高二上学期第一次段考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省中山市某校2025-2026学年高二上学期第一次段考英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASharedmobility:MakingtraveleasierforallInmajorcitiesacrossEuropeandtheUS,sharedbikesandcarsseemtobeeverywhere.Yetfordisabled,elderly,low-incomeindividuals,orthosewithoutasmartphoneorcreditcard,theseservicesarepracticallyoutofreach.Suchservicestendtogatherinwealthyurbanareas,leavinguserslargelyyoung,wealthy,andable-bodied.BarrierstousingsharedmobilityHigherincomeLowerincome①Lackoffamiliaritywiththesystem②Highcostofthesystem③InaccessibilityoflocationsPercentreportingbarrierSharedmobilitycouldbeakeypartofamoresustainable(可持续的)transportationsystem.Buttobemosteffective,itneedstoincludeeveryone.For-profitsharedmobilityprovidershavelargelyfailedtodeliveronthis,butvariousprojectsarefindingcreativesolutionstoreachunder-servedcommunities.●Buffalo’sE-BikeLibrary:Organizestraining,groupridesandeducationaleventstofamiliarizepeoplewithcyclingcultureandsafety,with71%ofmembersbeingfirst-timeriders.●Mobitwin’scar-shareservice:Givespriority(优先权)toemail-andphone-basedbookingsoverappstoextendreachtoawidershareofthepopulationlackingdigitalskills,helpingthemaccesstheservicemoreeasily.●U.S.bike-sharingpolicy:Providesfarereductionsforlow-incomegroups,withcashpaymentoptionsandnon-smartphoneaccessaskeymeasurestobroadenadoption,whichhasshownpromiseinincreasingtheuseofsharedbikeswhiledecreasingtheuseofpersonalvehicles.●Graz’scar-shareprojects:Addwheelchair-accessiblevehicles,childseats,andstation-basedbookingtosuitdiverseusers’needs,suchasmid-routepickupsandmulti-destinationtrips.Thefutureofsharedmobilityreliesonmakinginclusivedesignatoppriority.AsEsenKöse,projectmanageratMpact,putsit,“It’saboutstartingwithpeople’sneeds.”1.WhatisthepercentagegapbetweenlowerandhigherincomeusersinBarrier1?A.3%. B.16%. C.26%. D.71%.2.WhichsolutiontargetsBarrier2?A.Buffalo’sE-BikeLibrary. B.Mobitwin’scar-shareservice.C.U.S.bike-sharingpolicy. D.Graz’scar-shareprojects.3.WhatwillshapethefutureofsharedmobilityaccordingtoEsenKöse?A.Tech-baseddesign. B.Charity-runproject.C.Profit-drivenservice. D.User-centeredaccessibility.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨共享出行服务（如共享单车和共享汽车）在欧美大城市普及的同时，却因成本高、操作复杂、位置不便利等原因，难以惠及残疾人、老年人、低收入者等群体。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“Barrierstousingsharedmobility(使用共享出行的障碍)”图表，高收入群体在“Lackoffamiliaritywiththesystem(对系统不熟悉)”这一障碍上的百分比为26%，低收入群体为42%，两者差距为16%。故选B项。【2题详析】推理判断题。“U.S.bike-sharingpolicy(美国共享单车政策)”部分提到“Providesfarereductionsforlow-incomegroups,withcashpaymentoptionsandnon-smartphoneaccessaskeymeasurestobroadenadoption,whichhasshownpromiseinincreasingtheuseofsharedbikeswhiledecreasingtheuseofpersonalvehicles.(为低收入群体提供票价减免，以现金支付方式和非智能手机接入作为扩大采用的关键措施，这在增加共享单车的使用同时减少个人车辆的使用方面显示出了希望。)”，为低收入群体提供费用减免，这肯定针对的是“Highcostofthesystem(系统成本高)”(障碍2)。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thefutureofsharedmobilityreliesonmakinginclusivedesignatoppriority.AsEsenKöse,projectmanageratMpact,putsit,‘It’saboutstartingwithpeople’sneeds.’(共享出行的未来取决于将包容性设计作为重中之重。正如Mpact的项目经理EsenKöse所说，“我们要从人们的需求开始。”)”可知，未来共享出行的发展依赖于将包容性设计作为首要优先事项，即以用户为中心的可及性。故选D项。BMayaGanesh’spassionforenvironmentalrestorationcanbetracedbackto1995,whenshehadjustgraduatedfromuniversityanddiscoveredherinterestinenvironmentaleconomics,which,atthetime,wasnotseenasprofitable.So,owingtofamilypressure,shecouldn’tpursueherdreamandendedupwithabusinesscareer,butherpassionforitremained.Itwashermother’sencouragementthatbroughtaturningpoint.“WhenIwas38,shesaid,‘Whydon’tyoudoitnow?’”Mayarecalls.Initiallyhesitantaboutstartingfromzero,sheeventuallypursuedaMaster’sinEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopmentintheUK.InspiredbyLondon’sAllotmentSystem,whereresidentscouldgrowtheirfoodongovernment-assignedplots,Mayadevotedherselftocommunity-drivensustainableinitiativesinEastLondon.In2016,shewalkedintoHeadmaster’sofficeofaglobalschooltosuggesttheideaofaschoolgardenasaninterdisciplinary(跨学科的)learningspace.Mayasuggestedtheyshouldnotdoanylandscapingintheschoolbutlethercreateaschoolgardeninstead.Theprojectwasdesignedasasparetimecourse,wherestudentscouldlearnaboutorganicfarming—whatMayareferstoas“regenerativeagriculture”.“WestartedwithGrade7,”Mayarecalls.“Startingfromscratchwasalotofwork,butwithsomelabour,thegardenbegantotakeshape.ByJuly2018,studentshadcreatedtwoforestpatches,diggingpits,addingbiomass,andplantingdiversecrops.Yearslater,thesestudentsareseeingthefruitsoftheirwork.”TheactivityisnowopentostudentsfromkindergartentoGrade12.Mayaeducatesthestudentsontheimportanceofpreservingtraditionalvarietiesthroughseedsaving,ensuringtheyunderstandthevalueofbiodiversity.Since2019,thegardenhasexpanded,andtheprojecthasalsobecomefinanciallyself-supplying.Studentsharvestcropsaspartoftheirclasses.Mayaemphasizesthatthegardenisnotaproductionunitbutalearningspace.Thekidstakehomesomeoftheproduce,andthemothersarehappy.Theysellthespareproducetotheschoolandthecommunity,allowingthegardentofunditstoolsandresources.Thismodelnotonlyengagesthestudentsbutalsofostersasenseofresponsibilityandappreciationforsustainablepractices.4.WhatcausedMayatopickupherdreamagain?A.Thepressurefromhermother.B.Thesuccessofherbusinesscareer.C.Thesupportfromherfamily.D.Thepotentialofenvironmentaleconomics.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutMaya’s“regenerativeagriculture”?A.ItispartofLondon’sAllotmentSystem.B.Itisaprojectfundedbythegovernment.C.Itisintendedtobeaformalschoolcourse.D.Itintroducesstudentstoorganicfarming.6.WhatdoesMayafocusonwhilecarryingoutherprogram?A.Theexpansionofthegarden. B.Theimportanceoftradition.C.Theharvestofthecrops. D.Theawarenessofsustainability.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMaya?A.Passionateandgenerous. B.Innovativeandcommitted.C.Honestandconsiderate. D.Selflessandtolerant.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍玛雅·加内什在家人鼓励下重拾环保梦想，推动学校花园项目的经历。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itwashermother’sencouragementthatbroughtaturningpoint.“WhenIwas38,shesaid,‘Whydon’tyoudoitnow?’”Mayarecalls.Initiallyhesitantaboutstartingfromzero,sheeventuallypursuedaMaster’sinEnvironmentandSustainableDevelopmentintheUK.(正是母亲的鼓励带来了转折点。“我38岁时，她问我‘你现在为什么不做呢？’”玛雅回忆道。最初她对从零开始犹豫不决，但最终还是在英国攻读了环境与可持续发展硕士学位)”可知，母亲的鼓励使Maya决定追求她的梦想，即家人的支持让玛雅重新拾起梦想。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theprojectwasdesignedasasparetimecourse,wherestudentscouldlearnaboutorganicfarming—whatMayareferstoas“regenerativeagriculture”.(这个项目是作为一门业余课程设计的，学生们可以在这里学习有机农业，也就是Maya所说的“再生农业”)”可知，Maya的“再生农业”是一门给学生介绍有机农业的课程。故选D项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Mayaeducatesthestudentsontheimportanceofpreservingtraditionalvarietiesthroughseedsaving,ensuringtheyunderstandthevalueofbiodiversity.(玛雅通过种子保存教育学生保护传统品种的重要性，确保他们理解生物多样性的价值)”及最后一段中的“Thismodelnotonlyengagesthestudentsbutalsofostersasenseofresponsibilityandappreciationforsustainablepractices.(这种模式不仅让学生参与其中，还培养了他们对可持续实践的责任感和认同感)”可知，玛雅在项目中关注可持续发展意识的培养。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“InspiredbyLondon’sAllotmentSystem,whereresidentscouldgrowtheirfoodongovernment-assignedplots,Mayadevotedherselftocommunity-drivensustainableinitiativesinEastLondon.(受伦敦分配系统（居民可在政府指定地块种植食物）的启发，玛雅致力于东伦敦社区驱动的可持续倡议)”及全文中玛雅坚持推动项目、从业余课程到跨学段参与的努力可知，她具有创新性（Innovative）且坚定投入（Committed）。故选B项。CAreyouanopenbook,yourfacebroadcastingeverypassingemotion,ormoreofapokerface,notshowingwhatyouarefeeling?ScientistsatNottinghamTrentUniversitysaythatwearingyourheartonyourface,couldactuallygiveyouasignificantsocialadvantage.Thestudy,ledbyEithneKavanagh,aresearchfellowatNTU’sSchoolofSocialSciences,involvingover1,300participants,noticedstrikingvariationsinhowmuchpeoplemovedtheirfacesduringconversations.Importantly,thisexpressivenessemergedasastableindividualquality.Peopledisplayedsimilarlevelsoffacialexpressivenessacrossdifferentcontexts,withdifferentsocialpartners,andevenovertimeperiodsuptofourmonths.Theresearcherssaythatfacialexpressivenessislinkedtopersonality,withmoreagreeableindividualsdisplayingmorelivelyfaces.Facialexpressivenesscanalsotranslateintoconcretesocialbenefits.Inanegotiationtask,moreexpressiveindividualsaremorelikelytosecurealargersliceofareward.Theresearcherssuggestthatforagreeablefolks,dynamicfacialexpressionsmayserveasatoolforbuildinggoodrelationshipandsmoothingoverconflicts.Acrosstheboard,theresultspointtofacialexpressivenessservingan“affiliative(亲和)function,”orasocialgluethatdevelopslikingandsmootherinteractions.Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore“readable,”suggestingthatalivelyfacemakesone’sintentionsandmentalstateseasierforotherstodecipher.Beyondfrequencyoffacialmovements,peoplewhoemployfacialexpressionsmorestrategicallytosuitsocialgoals,suchaslookingfriendlyinagreeting,arealsomorewell-liked.Thefindingschallengethe“pokerface”commonbeliefthatastillandunemotionalappearanceisalwaysmostadvantageous.Instead,theysuggestthatformostpeople,allowingone’sfacetomirrorinnerstatesandintentionscaninvitewarmerreactions.Astheresearchersconclude,“Beingfaciallyexpressiveissociallyadvantageous.”So,thenexttimeyoucatchyourselfmakinglinesonyourforehead,orflashingasmile,knowthatyourfacejustmightbeworkingovertimeonyourbehalf.8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningthestudy?A.Itsimpact. B.Itsfindings. C.Itslimitations. D.Itssignificance.9.Whatmayfacialexpressivenessserveasinnegotiationsettings?A.Awaytofrightencompetitors.B.Amethodtohidepersonalities.C.Atooltoshowpersonalquality.D.Astrategytosettledisagreement.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decipher”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Copy. B.Overlook. C.Remember D.Interpret.11.Whatmaytheauthoradvisebasedonthefindingsofthestudy?A.Alwayswearingastillface. B.Learningtobeanopenbook.C.Speakingoutinneremotions. D.Forcingasmilethroughtears.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项科学研究，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，这种优势可以转化为具体的社交利益。文章最后指出，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热烈的反应。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thestudy,ledbyEithneKavanagh,aresearchfellowatNTU’sSchoolofSocialSciences,involvingover1,300participants,noticedstrikingvariationsinhowmuchpeoplemovedtheirfacesduringconversations.Importantly,thisexpressivenessemergedasastableindividualquality.Peopledisplayedsimilarlevelsoffacialexpressivenessacrossdifferentcontexts,withdifferentsocialpartners,andevenovertimeperiodsuptofourmonths.(这项研究由诺丁汉特伦特大学社会科学学院研究员EithneKavanagh领导，有1300多名参与者。研究注意到人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异。重要的是，这种表现力成为一种稳定的个人品质。人们在不同的情境中、与不同的社交伙伴在一起时，甚至在长达四个月的时间段内，都表现出相似程度的面部表情丰富度。)”可知，本段主要介绍了研究发现人们在谈话中面部动作的多少存在显著差异，而且是一种稳定的个人品质。因此，本段主要在讲这项研究的发现。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inanegotiationtask,moreexpressiveindividualsaremorelikelytosecurealargersliceofareward.Theresearcherssuggestthatforagreeablefolks,dynamicfacialexpressionsmayserveasatoolforbuildinggoodrelationshipandsmoothingoverconflicts.(在谈判任务中，更有表现力的人更有可能获得更大的奖励。研究人员建议，对于和蔼可亲的人来说，动态面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具)”可知，在谈判中，面部表情可能是建立良好关系和缓和矛盾的工具，帮助有表现力的人获得更大利益。因此，面部表情在谈判环境中可能作为一种解决分歧的策略。故选D项。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore‘readable,’suggestingthatalivelyfacemakesone’sintentionsandmentalstateseasierforotherstodecipher.(表情丰富也与被认为更“可读”有关，这表明一张生动的脸让人的意图和精神状态更容易被decipher)”中“Expressivenessisalsolinkedtobeingseenasmore‘readable,’”可知，丰富的表情更“可读”，即更容易被理解和解读，所以“一张生动的脸更容易被人解读意图和精神状态”。划线词decipher与interpret同义，意为“解读”。故选D项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thefindingschallengethe‘pokerface’commonbeliefthatastillandunemotionalappearanceisalwaysmostadvantageous.Instead,theysuggestthatformostpeople,allowingone’sfacetomirrorinnerstatesandintentionscaninvitewarmerreactions.(这些发现挑战了‘扑克脸’的普遍信念，即静止不动、面无表情的外表总是最有利的。相反，它们表明，对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应)”可知，研究表明面部表情丰富的人在社交中有显著优势，所以对于大多数人来说，让自己的脸反映内心的状态和意图可以引发更热情的反应。因此作者可能建议我们要学会像一本打开的书一样，不要隐藏自己的情感和意图，要通过面部表情表达出来。故选B项。DWhileweraceintoafuturewhereweoutsourcemostofourproblem-solvingtoartificialintelligence,thegreatestthreatisnotsuperintelligentmachinery.It’smindlesslyputtingtoomuchtrustinBigTechandnotenoughtrustinthepowerofourownminds.Aphilosophyofartfulthinkingisagoodwaytoavoidthis.Tothinkartfullymeanstosolveproblemsusingnotjustourbrains,butalsoourhands,eyes,andears,alongwithouremotions.Thisapproachtapsintothecognitive(认知的)resourcesthatarespreadthroughoutourbodiesbutoftengounused.Changinghowwethinkishardwork.Anditstartswithamindfulnesspractice.Accessingartfulintelligencerequiresbeingmindfulofhowwethinkwithourbody,howweuseourlimbs(四肢),organs,andemotionstomakesenseoftheworld.Bemindfulofallthedifferentmessagesyourbodyissendingyouaswellasthedifferentrolesandfunctionsyourbodilyactionscanplay.Forexample,gesturing(做手势)inconversationsisnotjustcommunicative.Thesemovementsoftenhelpthespeakertosmoothouttheirthoughtprocessandassistingettingthewordsout.Today,BigTechispushingamessageofartificial-intelligencecrazinessandfear.Whatmakesyoustuckinit?It’sseeingthesamethingswhereveryoulook.BigTechgivesyouscreens,hopingthatyourattentionwillalwaysbeattractedbytheirdevices.IfyouwanttofindmorefreedominthisAI-filledworld,improveyourabilitytomindfullyshiftyourattentionbetweendifferentobjectsorlevelsoffocus.Remembereverythingisbornofachoice.Artfulthinkingdemandseffortfulmindfulnesstoensurethatwhatwedo,whatwehopetoachievebyusingthesetechnologicaltools,willnotweakenourhumanity.AsThichNhatHanhsaid,“Mindfullivingisanart,andeachofushastotraintobeanartist.”12.Whatcanwelearnaboutartfulthinking?A.Itsimplifiesproblem-solving. B.Itfocusesondevelopingourbrains.C.Itpreventsusfromover-relyingonAI. D.Ithelpspromotehigh-techmachinery.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Benefitsofartfulintelligence. B.Mind-bodyawarenessinthinking.C.Significanceofbeingmindful. D.Socialinteractionthroughmovements.14.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedointheAI-filledworld?A.Enhancetheflexibilityofattention. B.AdapttotheriseofAI.C.AvoidtheinterruptionsfromBigTech. D.Improvethelevelsoffocus.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArtfulThinkingAdvancesBigTech B.TooMuchTrustinAIHarmsOurMindsC.PhysicalActionsBetterCognitiveFunctions D.MindfulnessKeepsUsHumanintheAgeofAI【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了在AI时代正念思维对保持人性的重要性。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Aphilosophyofartfulthinkingisagoodwaytoavoidthis.Tothinkartfullymeanstosolveproblemsusingnotjustourbrains,butalsoourhands,eyes,andears,alongwithouremotions.Thisapproachtapsintothecognitive(认知的)resourcesthatarespreadthroughoutourbodiesbutoftengounused.(巧妙思考的哲学是避免这种情况的好方法。巧妙思考意味着不仅要用大脑，还要用手、眼睛、耳朵以及情感来解决问题。这种方法利用了我们身体中分布但常常未被利用的认知资源)”可知，巧妙思考能防止我们过度依赖人工智能。故选C。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Changinghowwethinkishardwork.Anditstartswithamindfulnesspractice.Accessingartfulintelligencerequiresbeingmindfulofhowwethinkwithourbody,howweuseourlimbs(四肢),organs,andemotionstomakesenseoftheworld.(改变我们的思维方式是一项艰苦的工作。它始于正念练习。获取巧妙智慧需要留意我们如何用身体思考，如何用四肢、器官和情感来理解世界)”可知，第三段主要讲了思考中的身心意识。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“IfyouwanttofindmorefreedominthisAI-filledworld,improveyourabilitytomindfullyshiftyourattentionbetweendifferentobjectsorlevelsoffocus.(如果你想在这个充满人工智能的世界中找到更多的自由，提高你自觉地在不同物体或注意力层次之间转移注意力的能力)”可推知，作者建议我们在充满人工智能的世界里增强注意力的灵活性。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Artfulthinkingdemandseffortfulmindfulnesstoensurethatwhatwedo,whatwehopetoachievebyusingthesetechnologicaltools,willnotweakenourhumanity.AsThichNhatHanhsaid,“Mindfullivingisanart,andeachofushastotraintobeanartist.”(巧妙思考需要努力保持正念，以确保我们所做的，以及我们希望通过使用这些技术工具实现的目标，不会削弱我们的人性。正如一行禅师所说：“正念生活是一门艺术，我们每个人都必须训练成为艺术家。”)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要论述了在人工智能时代，保持正念的重要性，它能让我们保持人性，不被技术所吞噬。D选项“正念让我们在人工智能时代保持人性”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Masteringsocialsituationscanbedifficult.____16____It’sabouthowyoucarryyourself—yourbodylanguageshowsyourconfidencelevelandclassiness(优雅).Hereareafewtipsforyoutoimproveyournon-verbalcommunication.MastereyecontactEyecontact,ifhandledproperly,canchangepeople’sopinionsofyou.Butthere’sathinlinebetweenmakingeyecontactandstaringblankly.____17____Thetrickhereistomaintaincomfortableeyecontactwhenyou’relisteningorspeaking.PicktherightgesturesOurgesturescanrevealourthoughtsandemotions,oftenmoreaccuratelythanourwords.____18____Tocommandothers’attention,justusesimple,controlledmovementssuchasraisinganeyebroworofferingaslightnod.Theyconveyasenseofself-confidenceandsophistication(老练).Usedeliberate(刻意的)pause____19____I’mreferringtothedeliberatepause—thatmomentofquietthatgivesweighttoyour,wordsandactions.Don’trushthroughyoursentencesinconversations.Instead,takeyourtime,andpauseattherightmomentstoletyourmessagesinkin.ShowactivelisteningListeningisaskill,andbelieveitornot,itshowsinyourbodylanguage.Areyouleaninginslightly,maintainingeyecontact,andnoddingatappropriatemoments?Orareyouglancingaroundtheroomandusingyourphone?Trueclassisaboutmakingothersfeelvaluedandheardbystayingengaged.____20____A.Don’tbeafraidtoletyourtrueselfshine.B.Onemakesyoulookclassy,theotherawkward.C.However,don’tengageinoverlydramaticgestures.D.Payattentiontohowyouoccupyandrespectpersonalspace.E.It’snotalwaysaboutthewordsyousayortheclothesyouwear.F.Sonexttimeyou’reinaconversation,trytobefullyconcentrated.G.Intherushofconversations,wetendtoforgetthepowerofsilence.【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍提升非语言沟通能力以应对社交场合的建议。【16题详析】根据上文的“Masteringsocialsituationscanbedifficult.(掌握社交场合可能会很困难。)”可知，开篇提出社交场合的挑战，结合下文的“It’sabouthowyoucarryyourself—yourbodylanguageshowsyourconfidencelevelandclassiness.(关键在于你如何展现自己——你的肢体语言体现了你的自信程度和优雅。)”可知，此空需引出“非语言因素”的重要性。E选项“It’snotalwaysaboutthewordsyousayortheclothesyouwear.(这并不总是关于你说的话或穿的衣服。)”通过否定“语言和着装”，自然过渡到下文“肢体语言”的核心，承上启下。故选E项。【17题详析】根据上文的“Butthere’sathinlinebetweenmakingeyecontactandstaringblankly.(但眼神交流和茫然凝视之间有一条细微的界限。)”可知，此处强调两种眼神状态的区别，B选项“Onemakesyoulookclassy,theotherawkward.(一种让你看起来优雅，另一种则让你显得尴尬。)”中的“One”与“theother”直接对应“makingeyecontact”和“staringblankly”，具体说明两者的不同影响，符合语境。故选B项。【18题详析】根据段落主题句“Picktherightgestures(选择合适的手势)”可知，本段讨论手势的恰当性，结合下文的“Tocommandothers’attention,justusesimple,controlledmovementssuchasraisinganeyebroworofferingaslightnod.(要引起他人注意，只需使用简单、有控制的动作，比如扬起眉毛或轻轻点头。)”可知，核心是“避免过度夸张”。C选项“However,don’tengageinoverlydramaticgestures.(然而，不要做过于夸张的手势。)”通过“However”转折，否定“过度手势”，与下文“simple,controlledmovements”形成对比，符合逻辑。故选C项。【19题详析】根据下文的“I’mreferringtothedeliberatepause—thatmomentofquietthatgivesweighttoyourwordsandactions.(我指的是刻意的停顿——那一刻的沉默会让你的话语和行动更有分量。)”可知，此空需引出“沉默的力量”，G选项“Intherushofconversations,wetendtoforgetthepowerofsilence.(在匆忙的对话中，我们往往会忘记沉默的力量。)”中的“forgetthepowerofsilence”与下文“deliberatepause”形成呼应，通过“rush”与“quiet”的对比，自然引出段落主题。故选G项。【20题详析】根据段落主题句“Showactivelistening(展现积极倾听)”可知，本段强调倾听时的专注，结合上文的“Trueclassisaboutmakingothersfeelvaluedandheardbystayingengaged.(真正的优雅在于通过保持专注让他人感到被重视和被倾听。)”可知，此空需总结“专注倾听”的行动。F选项“Sonexttimeyou’reinaconversation,trytobefullyconcentrated.(所以下次交谈时，尽量全神贯注。)”中的“fullyconcentrated”直接呼应“stayingengaged”，作为段尾句总结了积极倾听的核心要求。故选F项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2007,22-year-oldRamesh’speanutfarmlostmoney.AswasoftenthecaseinmostofIndia,Rameshwas____21____pesticides(杀虫剂)andfertilisers(肥料)acrosshis2.4hectaresintheAnantapurdistrictofsouthernIndia.Inthisdesert-likearea,whichgetslessthan600millimetresofrainfallmostyears,farmingisa____22____.“Ilostalotofmoneygrowingpeanutsthroughchemicalfarming____23____,”saysRamesh,whoisinterestedinagriculture.Thechemicalsare____24____inmanypartsofsouthernIndia.Thefarmersdependtoomuchonpesticides.Thechemicalsare____25____buttheproductionislow.Thenin2017,he____26____thechemicals.“EversinceI____27____sustainable(可持续的)agriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming,theproductionhasbeen____28____andthecosthasgonedown,”hesays.Onenaturalfarmingmethodcallsfor____29____allchemicalfertilisersandpesticideswithorganicmattertoboostsoilnutrientlevels.Rameshalsoexpandedhiscrops,_____30_____peanutsandsometomatoes.Thenheaddedeggplantsandothercrops.Withthe_____31_____ofthenon-profitorganisationAccionFraternaEcologyCentre,whichworkswithfarmerswhowanttotry_____32_____farming,Rameshincreasedhis_____33_____enoughtobuymoreland,expandinghisfield.LikethousandsofotherfarmerspractisingnaturalfarmingacrossIndia,Rameshhas_____34_____toenrichhisdeadsoilwhilehisnewtreeshelpkeepcarbonoutoftheatmosphere,thusplayinganimportantroleinreducingIndia’scarbonfootprint.Recentstudyhasshownthatthecarbonabsorption_____35_____ofnaturalfarmingisasmuchas34percenthigherthanstandardformsofagriculture.21.A.collecting B.applying C.gaining D.robbing22.A.reality B.principle C.challenge D.disaster23.A.phenomena B.conditions C.methods D.analyses24.A.accessible B.specific C.missing D.common25.A.costly B.useful C.essential D.harmless26.A.pickedout B.gaveup C.handedin D.tookover27.A.brokeup B.leftout C.watchedout D.tookup28.A.increased B.attained C.tackled D.controlled29.A.understanding B.replacing C.confusing D.rejecting30.A.anxiously B.eventually C.rarely D.originally31.A.vision B.aid C.tendency D.consumption32.A.urban B.domestic C.sustainable D.different33.A.fitness B.limits C.profits D.respect34.A.managed B.hesitated C.failed D.agreed35.A.loss B.barrier C.credit D.potential【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.B30.D31.B32.C33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位名叫Ramesh的印度农民在2007年因使用化学农药和肥料种植花生而亏损，后来他放弃化学方法，转而采用可持续的自然农耕方式，最终提高了产量并降低了成本的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：和印度大部分地区的情况一样，Ramesh在印度南部阿纳塔普尔区他那2.4公顷的土地上施用了杀虫剂和肥料。A.collecting收集；B.applying应用，施用；C.gaining获得；D.robbing抢劫。根据下文“pesticides(杀虫剂)andfertilisers(肥料)acrosshis2.4hectares”和“Thefarmersdependtoomuchonpesticides.”可知，农民们太依赖杀虫剂了，所以此处指的是Ramesh在他的土地上“施用”了杀虫剂和肥料。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个每年降雨量不足600毫米的沙漠化地区，农业种植是一项挑战。A.reality现实；B.principle原则；C.challenge挑战；D.disaster灾难。根据上文“Inthisdesert-likearea,whichgetslessthan600millimetresofrainfallmostyears”可知，这个地区类似沙漠，大多数年份的降雨量不到600毫米，所以在这样的地方从事农业是一项“挑战”。故选C项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“通过化学农业方法种植花生，我亏了很多钱。”对农业感兴趣的Ramesh说。A.phenomena现象；B.conditions条件；C.methods方法；D.analyses分析。根据下文“Thechemicalsare________inmanypartsofsouthernIndia.Thefarmersdependtoomuchonpesticides.”可知，印度南部许多地方的农民太依赖化学物质了，所以此处指Ramesh使用的是化学农业“方法”。故选C项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用化学药剂在印度南部许多地方很常见。A.accessible可接近的；B.specific具体的；C.missing失踪的；D.common常见的，普遍的。根据下文“Thefarmersdependtoomuchonpesticides.”可知，农民普遍依赖农药，这说明化学药剂的使用很“普遍，常见”。故选D项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些化学药剂价格昂贵，但产量很低。A.costly昂贵的；B.useful有用的；C.essential必要的；D.harmless无害的。根据上文“lostalotofmoney”和下文“buttheproductionislow”转折可知，此处指化学药剂价格“昂贵”。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后在2017年，他放弃了化学药剂。A.pickedout挑选；B.gaveup放弃；C.handedin上交；D.tookover接管。根据下文“EversinceI________sustainable(可持续的)agriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming”可知，Ramesh开始采用可持续的农耕方式，所以此处表示他“放弃”了化学药剂。故选B项。【27题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“自从我开始采用自然农业等可持续的农耕方式以来，产量一直在提高，成本也在下降，”他说。A.brokeup分手；B.leftout遗漏；C.watchedout小心；D.tookup开始从事，拿起。根据下文“sustainable(可持续的)agriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming”和“theproductionhasbeen________andthecosthasgonedown”可知，Ramesh“开始采用”新的耕作方式，提高了产量，降低了成本。故选D项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.increased增加，提高；B.attained达到；C.tackled处理；D.controlled控制。根据下文“thecosthasgonedown”和“and”表并列可知，此处指产量“提高”了，成本下降了。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一种自然耕作方法要求用有机物质替代所有化学肥料和杀虫剂，以提高土壤养分水平。A.understanding理解；B.replacing代替；C.confusing使困惑；D.rejecting拒绝。根据下文“allchemicalfertilisersandpesticideswithorganicmattertoboostsoilnutrientlevels”及自然农业的理念常识可知，用有机物质“替代”所有化学肥料和杀虫剂是为了提高土壤养分水平。故选B项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ramesh还扩大了他的作物种类，最初种植花生和一些西红柿。A.anxiously焦虑地；B.eventually最终；C.rarely很少地；D.originally最初。根据下文“Thenheaddedeggplantsandothercrops.”可知，后来他又增加了茄子和其他作物，所以此处指的是他“最初”种植的作物。故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在非营利组织“兄弟行动生态中心（AccionFraternaEcologyCentre）”的帮助下——该组织与希望尝试可持续农业的农民合作——Ramesh的利润大幅增加，足以购买更多土地，扩大种植面积。A.vision视力；B.aid帮助；C.tendency倾向；D.consumption消费。根据下文“thenon-profitorganisationAccionFraternaEcologyCentre”和“Rameshincreasedhis________enoughtobuymoreland,expandinghisfield”可知，Ramesh得到了该非营利组织的“帮助”，才得以增加足够多的利润来购买更多的土地，扩大种植面积。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.urban城市的；B.domestic国内的；C.sustainable可持续的；D.different不同的。根据上文“EversinceI________sustainable(可持续的)agriculturalpracticeslikenaturalfarming”可知，Ramesh采用的是可持续的农耕方式，所以此处指的是与想要尝试“可持续”农业的农民合作。故选C项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.fitness健康；B.limits限制；C.profits利润；D.respect尊重。根据下文“enoughtobuymoreland,expandinghisfield”可知，Ramesh能够购买更多的土地，扩大他的种植面积，这说明他增加了足够多的“利润”。故选C项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：和印度成千上万其他从事自然农业的农民一样，Ramesh成功改良了贫瘠的土壤，而他新种植的树木有助于将碳保留在大气之外，从而在减少印度碳足迹方面发挥了重要作用。A.managed设法；B.hesitated犹豫；C.failed失败；D.agr