2022届上海市南模中学高三上学期9月考试英语试题解析版

2022届上海市南模中学高三上学期9月考试英语试题Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.InVenice,itisnotuncommontoseetouristscarrysuitcasesthroughwaist-highwater,orsitattablesinPiazzaSanMarco____1____theirswimsuits.PicturesofVeniceinthemostdramaticfloodingarereallyalarming.WeareusedtothinkingofVeniceasacityindanger,agloriousrelicofhumancreativitythatisabouttosinkanydaysuddenlytheendlooks____2____(close).However,asclimatechangemakesextremeweathermorefrequent,Venicelookslesslikeavictimoftheseaandmorelikeanoldsurvivor____3____canteachtherestoftheworldnowtolivewithwafer.Peoplebarelynotice____4____smartlythearttreasuresofVenicearekeptontheupperfloorsofpalacesandmuseums,evenonadrysummerday.Itisalsoneedlesstoworryaboutalltheartinchurches____5____noothercityhassuchasharpawarenessofprotectingitselffromwater.Intheirart,thepeopleofVeniceareashappyonwaterasonland.VittoreCarpaccio'spaintingHuntingontheLagoonshowsyoungVenetiansstandingeasilybalancedinlow-sidedboats____6____(shoot)arrowsatwaterbirds.InaGentileBellini'spainting,priestsswiminthecanalsearchingforalostrelic.Titianportraysashotwoman____7____(bathe)inopenwaterinhispainting.Huntingandfishing,swimmingandshowing.Venetiansalwaysknowhowtoenjoywater.Thepalaces____8____(build)inVenicearealsogoodexamplesofthepreventionofflood.____9____hasitslivingspacesonupperfloors,oftenwithacourtyardonthegroundfloorthat____10____(drain)waterinstantly.【答案】1.in2.closer3.that4.how5.because6.toshot7.bathing8.built9.each10.drains【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了绘画中的威尼斯所反映出的关于威尼斯的文化。【1题详解】考查介词。句意：在威尼斯，游客提着手提箱穿过齐腰深的水面，或者穿着泳衣坐在圣马可广场的桌子旁，这些都很常见。in是介词，后接表示衣服或颜色的词在句中作定语，故答案为in。【2题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我们习惯于认为威尼斯是一个处于危险之中的城市，是人类创造力的辉煌遗迹，随时都可能沉没——末日似乎近在眼前。根据上句“PicturesofVeniceinthemostdramaticfloodingarereallyalarming.”威尼斯遭遇最严重洪水的照片确实令人担忧。可知末日似乎近在眼前。故应用比较级。答案为closer。【3题详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：威尼斯看起来不太像海洋的受害者，更像是一个古老的幸存者，它可以教会世界上其他地方的人如何与水相处。设空处引导定语从句，且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为survivor（幸存者），故答案为that。【4题详解】考查副词。句意：人们几乎没有注意到威尼斯的艺术珍品被巧妙地保存在宫殿和博物馆的上层。设空处后为副词smartly,结合句意，此处表示程度。故答案为how。【5题详解】考查连词。句意：也没有必要担心教堂里的艺术品，因为没有其他城市有如此强烈的保护自己不受水侵害的意识。设空处后“noothercityhassuchasharpawarenessofprotectingitselffromwater.”没有其他城市有如此强烈的保护自己不受水侵害的意识。设空处前“Itisalsoneedlesstoworryaboutalltheartinchurches”也不必担心教堂里的艺术。设空处后为设空出上句的原因。故答案为because。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：维托雷·卡帕西奥(VittoreCarpaccio)的画作《泻湖上的狩猎》(HuntingontheLagoon)描绘了年轻的威尼斯人轻松地站在低矮的小船上，保持平衡，向水鸟射箭。设空处在句中作非谓语，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式的形式，故答案为toshot。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：提香在他的画作中描绘了一个在开阔水域中沐浴的女子。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语woman之间是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词的形式。故答案为bathing。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在威尼斯建造的宫殿也是预防洪水的好例子。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语thepalaces之间是逻辑被动关系。故答案为built。【9题详解】考查不定代词。句意：每座宫殿的上层都有自己的生活空间，通常在底层有一个能立即排水的庭院。设空处在句中作主语，根据谓语has可知主语为单数形式；根据上句“ThepalacesbuiltinVenicearealsogoodexamplesofthepreventionofflood”建于威尼斯的宫殿也是预防洪水的好例子。可知设空处指代theplaces且为单数的形式。故答案为each。【10题详解】考查谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在从句中作谓语，结合主句“hasitslivingspacesonupperfloors,oftenwithacourtyardonthegroundfloor”每座宫殿的上层都有自己的生活空间，通常在底层有一个能立即排水的庭院。主句的谓语动词为has，可知从句时态为一般现在时，主语为先行词floor，根据主谓一致。故答案为drains。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.removableB.functionalC.restrictionsD.alterE.breakF.reportedlyG.overloadH.channelI.accessJ.prioritizeK.handlingTheTrunkster,abagwithbuilt-insmartfeaturesmightjustchallengethestandardrollerbag.Themainsecurityfeature:It'szipperless.Aslidingrolltop-doordesignallowsforeasy____11____bytheowner,butreducestheriskoftheftoraccidentalopeningduringbaggage____12____.Ifairportsecurityhastosearchthebag,thereaTSA-approvedcombinationlock.Needtojuiceupyourphone?A____13____batterycanchargeportabledevicesthroughaUSBconnection.Perhapsthecoolestpart-especiallyifyourholidayshoppinghabitsputyouatariskofgoingbeyondbaggageweight____14____---isabuilt-indigitalscale.Wanttoknowhowmuchstuffyou'repulling?Liftthebagandthedisplayonthehandleshowsweightinpoundsorkilograms.Trunksterco-founderJessePotashsaidheandhisco-founder,basedinNewYork,createdtheluggagein2014,afterfindingnothingtheybelievedcould____15____accessibility.Theywantedto“completely____16____“theclassiccase--withzippers--for“themodern,minimalist(极简的)traveler,”Potashsays.Headdsthattheydidn'twantto____17____theuserwith“asmanyfeaturesaspossible”becausethatwouldnotberequired.Onemorefeatureyoucanaddon?Tracking.Airlinesare____18____doingabetterjobthesedaysofnotlosingbags.Butforthosewhowanttotracktheircasestherearestand-alonegadgets(精巧的装置)liketheTrakdotorPocket-FinderLuggageTracker.Foranextra$40,youcanaddasubscription-free,removableGPStotheTrunkster.Butsmartingupa____19____objectcomeswithaproblem.“Whenyouhavethismuchtechnologyinasuitcase...therearemorethingstochange,'saysGeorgeHobica,aworldtraveler.Besides,theTrunksterisallblack,andweallknowthatfindingablack-coloredbaginaseaofsuitcasesislikesearchingforabladeofgrassonafootballfield.Attention,luggagemanufacturerslookingto_____20_____thetypicalpattern:Gobolderwithunusualcolorsanddesigns.【答案】11.I12.K13.A14.C15.J16.D17.G18.F19.B20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个新型的带有内置智能功能的行李箱。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：一个滑动滚门设计方便主人使用，但减少了行李处理过程中被盗或意外打开的风险。根据语境，滑动滚门对于主人是方便使用的。easyaccess“方便使用”符合题意。故选I项。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：一个滑动滚门设计方便主人使用，但减少了行李处理过程中被盗或意外打开的风险。根据语境可知，此处指行李在处理过程中的偶然的打开。during是介词，后接动名词作宾语handle"处理“。故选K项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：可拆卸的电池可以通过USB连接给便携式设备充电。修饰名词用形容词，给行李箱的电池充电，应使用可移动电池，removable“可移动的”。故选A项。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：也许最酷的部分——特别是如果你的假日购物习惯使你冒着超过行李重量限制的风险——是一个内置的数字秤。根据“holidayshoppinghabits”和“atriskofgoingbeyond”可推断，因为购物导致超越重量限制，restriction“限制”符合题意。故选C项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：Trunkster的联合创始人JessePotash说，他和他的联合创始人2014年在纽约创造了这个行李箱，因为他们没有发现任何他们认为可以优先考虑的东西。根据空后的Theywantedto“completelyalter”theclassiccase及空前的could可知，空处应使用动词原形prioritize，表达“给予…优先权”之意。故选J项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：他们希望“完全改变”传统的情况——用拉链——为“现代的、极简主义的旅行者”，Potash说。根据语境可知此处表示改变经典的有拉链的行李箱。alter“变更；更改”符合题意。故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词。句意：他补充说，他们不想让用户负担过重的“尽可能多的功能”，因为这是不必要的。根据because后的原因可推断，overload“使负担过重”符合题意。故选G项。【18题详解】考查过去分词。句意：据报道，如今航空公司在不丢行李方面做得更好。根据空前的are可知，空处应使用过去分词reportedly，构成被动语态，表达“据报道”之意。故选F项。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：但是，把一个实用的物体弄得漂漂亮亮还有一个问题。functional“功能的；多用途的“，根据句意，修饰名词用形容词作定语。故选B项。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：注意，行李箱制造商希望打破常规模式:大胆使用不同寻常的颜色和设计。根据句意，to是不定式符号，接动词原形，根据句意，break“打破”，符合题意。故选E项。Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.CompanieslikeArjunaarebeginningtotakeactiontodealwithpayinequality,butitdoesn'ttellthefullstoryofwomen'sexperience.Microsoft'schiefexecutive,SatyaNadella,earnedbadfameforhis____21____thatwomenshouldnotbothertoaskforraises____22____,hesuggestedinOctober2014,theyshouldhavefaiththatthesystemwillrewardthemappropriately.Stoppingfromaskingforaraise,headded,isactuallygood.Whenhisremarksweregreetedwithanger,Nadellaback-pedalled(出尔反尔)atthespeedoflight.Lessthanayearlater,Microsoftwas____23____byaformeremployee,KatieMoussouris,nowchiefpolicyofficeratHackerOne,claiminggenderprejudice.Moussouris____24____thatshewasonlyoneofanumberofwomenatMicrosoftwho____25____lessthattheirmalecolleagues.Moussourisalsomentionedthatcanreceivedpreferentialtreatmentin____26____andsystematicallyreceivedmorefavorablejobreviews.ThereisnowaytoknowwhetherMoussouris'sclaimsare____27____,becauseMicrosoftdoesnotdiscloseanydataaboutthe____28____towhichmenandwomenarepaiddifferentlyfordoingsimilarjobs.Thatmaysoonchange,ifArjunaCapitalsucceedsinplacinga(n)____29____beforeMicrosoft'sshareholdersandconvincingenoughofthemtovoteinfavorofit,thusrequiringthecompanyto____30____disclosethatinformationforthefirsttimeandhelpingwomenmakeuptheirmindstorequirethe____31____ofthegenderpayinequality.Arjuna,theactivistarmofBaldwinBrothers,aninvestmentadvisoryfirm,is____32____toptechnologyfirms,insearchofpreciselythisinformation.ShareholdersofeBays,Expedia,FacebookandGooglewillvoteonproposalsthatwould____33____thecreationofreportsdetailingthepercentageofpay____34____betweenmaleandfemaleemployees,spellingoutbothfirms'policies,inanattempttoaddresshowthecompanieswouldsetaboutclosingor____35____thatgap,andspecifictargets.21.A.dishonesty B.advice C.declaration D.edition22.A.Initially B.Therefore C.Nevertheless D.Instead23.A.accused B.praised C.cheated D.threatened24.A.claimed B.lied C.required D.guaranteed25.A.spent B.earned C.saved D.wasted26.A.movements B.expenses C.promotions D.resources27.A.secure B.valuable C.extensive D.accurate28.A.content B.extent C.discussion D.feedback29.A.resolution B.emphasis C.challenge D.transform30.A.socially B.quietly C.personally D.publicly31.A.improvement B.enjoyment C.reduction D.emission32.A.referring B.pointing C.targeting D.proving33.A.putout B.resultin C.setup D.relyon34.A.equality B.dissatisfaction C.protest D.gap35.A.widening B.narrowing C.communicating D.showing【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.C32.C33.B34.D35.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。Arjuna这样的公司已经开始采取行动来解决薪酬不平等问题，但这并没有完全说明女性的经历。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：微软(Microsoft)首席执行官萨蒂亚·纳德拉(SatyaNadella)曾建议女性不应该自找麻烦要求加薪，这让他声名狼藉。A.dishonesty不诚实；B.advice建议；C.declaration公告、宣布；D.edition版本。根据后句“2,hesuggestedinOctober2014,theyshouldhavefaiththatthesystemwillrewardthemappropriately.”相反，他在2014年10月表示，她们应该相信，体制会适当奖励她们。根据后句中的suggested，可知上句也是萨蒂亚·纳德拉(SatyaNadella)给女性的建议。故选B项。【22题详解】考查副词词词义辨析。句意：相反，他在2014年10月表示，她们应该相信，体制会适当奖励她们。A.Initially开始；B.Therefore因此；C.Nevertheless然而、不过；D.Instead代替。根据上句“Microsoft'schiefexecutive,SatyaNadella,earnedbadfameforhis1thatwomenshouldnotbothertoaskforraises”微软(Microsoft)首席执行官萨蒂亚·纳德拉(SatyaNadella)曾建议女性不应该自找麻烦要求加薪，这让他声名狼藉。可知不应该自找麻烦要求加薪和体制会适当奖励他们是相反的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到一年后，微软的前雇员、现任HackerOne首席政策官的凯蒂·穆苏里斯(KatieMoussouris)指控微软存在性别歧视。A.accused指责；B.praised赞扬；C.cheated作弊；D.threatened威胁。根据后句“…claiminggenderprejudice”声称性别偏见。可知是指控公司。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：穆苏里斯声称，她只是微软公司中收入低于男同事的女性之一。A.claimed声称；B.lied说谎；C.required要求；D.guaranteed保证。根据下文“ThereisnowaytoknowwhetherMoussouris'sclaimsare7”没有办法知道穆萨里斯的说法是否属实。可知这是穆苏里斯所声称的。原词重现。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.spent花费；B.earned挣得；C.saved拯救；D.wasted浪费。根据后句“becauseMicrosoftdoesnotdiscloseanydataaboutthe8towhichmenandwomenarepaiddifferentlyfordoingsimilarjobs.”因为微软没有披露任何数据，表明从事类似工作的男性和女性的薪酬差异有多大。由薪酬差异可知是公司女性的所挣的收入比男士少。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：穆苏里斯还提到，可以在晋升中得到优待，并系统地获得更有利的工作评价。A.movements移动；B.expenses花费；C.promotions提升；D.resources资源。根据and后并列“…systematicallyreceivedmorefavorablejobreviews.”得到了更有利的工作评价。可知是工作中得到晋升。故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有办法知道穆萨里斯的说法是否属实。A.secure安全的；B.valuable有价值的；C.extensive延伸的；D.accurate精确的。根据后句“becauseMicrosoftdoesnotdiscloseanydataaboutthe8towhichmenandwomenarepaiddifferentlyfordoingsimilarjobs.”因为微软没有披露任何数据，表明从事类似工作的男性和女性的薪酬差异有多大。可知无法确定是不是属实。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为微软没有披露任何数据，表明从事类似工作的男性和女性的薪酬差异有多大。A.content内容；B.extent程度；C.discussion讨论；D.feedback反馈。根据后句“…towhichmenandwomenarepaiddifferentlyfordoingsimilarjobs.”从事相似工作的男性和女性的薪酬差异程度。可知此处是指男性和女性的薪酬差异的程度。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果ArjunaCapital成功地向微软股东提交了一份决议，并说服足够多的股东投票支持，这种情况可能很快就会改变。A.resolution决议；B.emphasis强调；C.challenge挑战；D.transform改变。根据上句“Thatmaysoonchange”这种情况可能很快就会改变。可知是决定引起的改变。故选A项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此要求公司首次公开披露这一信息，并帮助女性下定决心要求减少性别薪酬不平等。A.socially在社会上地；B.quietly安静地；C.personally个人地；D.publicly公开地。根据上句“becauseMicrosoftdoesnotdiscloseanydataaboutthe8towhichmenandwomenarepaiddifferentlyfordoingsimilarjobs.”因为微软没有披露任何数据，表明从事类似工作的男性和女性的薪酬差异有多大。可知因为微软没有公开披露任何数据。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.improvement提升；B.enjoyment乐趣；C.reduction减少；D.emission排放。根据上句“becauseMicrosoftdoesnotdiscloseanydataaboutthe8towhichmenandwomenarepaiddifferentlyfordoingsimilarjobs.”因为微软没有披露任何数据，表明从事类似工作的男性和女性的薪酬差异有多大。可知女性下定决心要求减少性别薪酬不平等。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：投资咨询公司鲍德温兄弟(BaldwinBrothers)的激进分支Arjuna正瞄准顶级科技公司，寻找的正是这类信息。ebay和Expedia的股东A.referring提及；B.pointing指向；C.targeting最为目标；D.proving证明。根据后句“insearchofpreciselythisinformation.ShareholdersofeBays,Expedia”ebay和Expedia的股东正是为了寻找这一信息，可知投资咨询公司的分支Arjuna正瞄准顶级科技公司。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Facebook和谷歌将对提案进行投票，这将导致创建详细说明男女薪酬差距百分比的报告。A.putout指出；B.resultin导致；C.setup建立；D.relyon依靠。根据上句“FacebookandGooglewillvoteonproposals”Facebook和谷歌将对提案进行投票，可知投票会产生相对应的结果。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.equality品质；B.dissatisfaction不满；C.protest抗议；D.gap差距。根据后句“howthecompanieswouldsetaboutclosingor15thatgap,andspecifictargets.”公司将如何着手缩小差距，以及具体的目标。原词重现。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司将如何着手缩小差距，以及具体的目标。A.widening变宽；B.narrowing缩小；C.communicating交流；D.showing展示。可知设空处和or前的closing含义相同。故选B项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearechoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatthefitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)AstheMOOCcrazecontinuestoexplode,anyoneinterestedintakinganonlinecoursefacesatrickyquestion:Whichcoursetotake?Herearefiveaspectsthatyoushouldconsiderbeforeyoustart.(1)Whatisyourlearningstyle?ManyMOOCsarevideo-based.Othercoursesusepresentationformats.Somealsorequireparticipationingroupwork.Ifyouwanttostaymotivatedduringyourcourse,thinkabouthowyouenjoylearning.Areyouavisuallearner,preferringtouseimagestounderstandatopic?Ifso,avideo-basedcoursewillworkwellforyou.Ifyouareaverballearnerwhogainsnewinformationbyspeakingandwriting,tryatext-basedcoursewithlotsofnote-taking.Sociallearners,meanwhile,willthriveinforumdiscussionsandproject-basedassessment.(2)Areyoureadytobecomeafull-timestudent?Berealisticaboutthetimethatyoucancommittoyouronlinestudies.Participatinginanonlinecoursecantakeasmuchtimeandcommitmentasaclass-basedprogram.Checkthecourserequirementsandmakeaplanaroundyourcurrentschedule.(3)Doesthecoursereallymeetyourneeds?Whetheryouareinterestedinaprofessionalqualificationorwanttotakeapersonaldevelopmentcourselikeyoga,thereisaMOOCforyou.It'seasytogetcaughtupintheexcitementoftakinglotsoffreecoursesineverythingthatyoueverwantedtolearn.Beforeyoustartacourse,thinkabouttheendgoal.Isthecourseaimedatbeginnersoradvancedlearners?Whydoyouneedthisqualification?(4)Doyouneedasupportgroup?Somepeoplelearnbestfromseeinghowothersapproachtheproblem.Ifyouaresuchaslearner,youwillneedtosupplementyouronlinelessonswithanin-personsupportgroup.(5)Whatkindofcertificationwillyouget?Taketimetofindoutwhatkindofcertificationisavailableuponcompletionofthecourse,andhowyoucanproveyourlearningtoothers-forexample,certificates,transcriptsordigitalbadges.36.WhatkindofMOOC'sdoestheauthorrecommendtoverballearners?A.Avideo-basedcourse. B.Atext-basedcourse.C.Aforum-baseddiscussion. D.Aproject-basedassessment.37.Whatkindoflearnersneedanin-personsupportgroup?A.Learnerswhopreferindividualwork.B.Learnerswhoareingreatneedofacertificate.C.Learnerswhoaretoobusytobecomeafull-timestudent.D.Learnerswholearnbestfromobservinghowothersaddresstheproblem.38.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.PickingtherightMOOC'sforyou. B.Decidingyourlearningstyle.C.Takingtherightcourseyouneed. D.Choosingasuitablesupportgroup.【答案】36.B37.D38.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是选在线开放课程之前应该考虑的五个方面的问题。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据(1)Whatisyourlearningstyle?部分的“Ifyouareaverballearnerwhogainsnewinformationbyspeakingandwriting,tryatext-basedcoursewithlotsofnote-taking（如果你是一个通过说和写来获取新信息的口语学习者，那么尝试一个有大量笔记的以文本为基础的课程）”可知，作者推荐一种基于文本的课程给口语语言学习者，故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据(4)Doyouneedasupportgroup?部分的“Somepeoplelearnbestfromseeinghowothersapproachtheproblem.Ifyouaresuchaslearner,youwillneedtosupplementyouronlinelessonswithanin-personsupportgroup（有些人从别人处理问题的方式中学到最好的东西。如果你是这样的学习者，你将需要与一个现场支持小组补充你的在线课程）”可知，通过观察他人如何解决问题来学习效果最好的学习者需要一个现场支持小组，故选D。【38题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“AstheMOOCcrazecontinuestoexplode,anyoneinterestedintakinganonlinecoursefacesatrickyquestion:Whichcoursetotake?Herearefiveaspectsthatyoushouldconsiderbeforeyoustart.（随着大规模在线开放课程(MOOC)热潮的持续爆发，任何对在线课程感兴趣的人都面临着一个棘手的问题:选哪门课程?以下是你在开始之前应该考虑的五个方面）”可知，本文主要是关于选择适合你的MOOC，故选A。（B）IoncehadmyChineseMBAstudentsbrainstormingon“two-hourbusinessplans.”Iseparatedthemintosixgroupsandgavethemanexample:arestaurantchain.Themoreoriginaltheirideas,thebetter,Isaid.Finally,fiveofthesixgroupspresentedplansforrestaurantchains.Thesixthproposedacateringservice.ThoughIadmittedthetimelimithadbeendifficult,Iexpressedmydisappointment.Mystudentsweremiddlemanagers,financialanalystsandfinanciersfromstate-ownedenterprisesandglobalcompanies.Theywerewithouttalentoropinions,buttheyhadbeenshapedbyaneducationalsystemthatrarelystressedorrewardedcriticalthinkingorinventiveness.ThesceneIjustdescribedcameindifferentformsduringmytwoyearsteachingattheschool.PaperswereoftencopiedfromtheWebandtheHarvardBusinessReview.Casestudydebateswerewrittenupandjustmemorized.Studentsfrequentlysaidthatcopyingisasuperiorbusinessstrategy,betterthaninventingandcreating.InChina,everyproductyoucanimaginehasbeenmadeandsold.Butsofewwell-developedmarketingandmanagementmindshavebeenraisedthatitwillbealongtimebeforemostpeopleintheworldcannameaChinesebrand.Withthisprobleminmind,partnershipswithinstitutionslikeYaleandMIThavebeenestablished.Andthenthere'sthe“thousandtalentscheme.”thisnewgovernmentprogramisintendedtoimprovetechnologicalmodernizationbyattractingtopforeign-trainedscientiststothemainlandwithbigmoney.ButthereareworriesaboutChina'sresearchenvironment.It'shardlyknownforproducingindependentthinkingandopenness,andevenbigsalaryoffersmaynotbeattractiveenoughtoovercomethis.Atlast,forChina,becomingamajorworldcreatorisnotjustaboutsettinguppartnershipwithtopwesternuniversities.Norisitaboutgatheringagroupofwell-educatedpeopleandtellingthemtothinkcreatively.It'saboutestablishingarichlearningenvironmentforyoungminds.It'snotthatsimple.39.Whydoesthewriterfeeldisappointedathisstudents?A.Becausethereisonegrouppresentingacateringservice.B.Becausethesixgroupsdidnotcooperatewellinthebrainstorm.C.Becauseallthestudentscopiedacaseforthedifficulttopic.D.Becausethestudents'ideaswerelackingincreativeness.40.WhichofthefollowingscenesisNOTconsideredaslackofcreation?A.PaperswereoftendownloadedfromtheInternet.B.Studentsoftensaidthatcopyingisapreferablebusinessstrategy.C.Studentscombineknowledgeandcriticalthoughtstosolveaproblem.D.Casestudydebateswerewrittenupaswellasrecited.41.Wecaninferformthepassagethat________.A.Chinacanmakeandsellanyproductallovertheworldfromitsowncreation.B.highpaymaynotsolvetheproblemofChina'sresearchenvironment.C.cooperationwithinstitutionshasbeensetuptomakeaChinesebrand.D.thenewgovernmentprogramisaimedatencouragingimagination.42Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?ALookforanewwayoflearning B.RewardcreativethinkingC.Howtobecomeacreator D.Establishatechnicalenvironment【答案】39.D40.C41.B42.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己在一线教育工作的经验看出中国的教育制度存在的一些问题，学生不能独立思考问题做作业去网上或者其他的地方找答案，学生缺乏创造性，作者指出有了丰富的学习环境，及新的学习方法，才能有创造性的研究氛围。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theywerewithouttalentoropinions,buttheyhadbeenshapedbyaneducationalsystemthatrarelystressedorrewardedcriticalthinkingorinventiveness.(他们没有天赋，也没有观点，但他们受到了一个很少强调或奖励批判性思维或创造性的教育体系的影响)”可知，学生的观点缺乏创造力，对于这一点作者感到失望，故选D。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theywerewithouttalentoropinions,buttheyhadbeenshapedbyaneducationalsystemthatrarelystressedorrewardedcriticalthinkingorinventiveness.(他们没有天赋，也没有观点，但他们受到了一个很少强调或奖励批判性思维或创造性的教育体系的影响)”可推知，C选项“学生结合知识和批判性思维来解决问题”并非缺乏创意。故选C。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“ButthereareworriesaboutChina'sresearchenvironment.It'shardlyknownforproducingindependentthinkingandopenness,andevenbigsalaryoffersmaynotbeattractiveenoughtoovercomethis.(但也有人担心中国的研究环境。它很难培养独立思考和开放的思想，即使高薪也不足以吸引你克服这一点)”可推知，高薪可能无法解决中国科研环境的问题。故选B。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Atlast,forChina,becomingamajorworldcreatorisnotjustaboutsettinguppartnershipwithtopwesternuniversities.Norisitaboutgatheringagroupofwell-educatedpeopleandtellingthemtothinkcreatively.It'saboutestablishingarichlearningenvironmentforyoungminds.It'snotthatsimple.(最后，对中国来说，成为世界主要创造者不仅仅是与西方顶尖大学建立伙伴关系。也不是召集一群受过良好教育的人，告诉他们要有创造性地思考。这是关于为年轻人建立一个丰富的学习环境。事情没那么简单)”结合整篇文章指出中国教育出现的问题——学生无法创造性思维，而这个问题与中国的社会环境相关的，所以要寻找新的学习方式。故A选项“寻找新的学习方法”最符合文章标题。故选A。(C)Sunnycountriesareoftenpoor.Ashame,then,thatsolarpowerisstillquiteexpensive.Eight19,aBritishcompanybyCambridgeUniversity,has,however,inventedanovelwaytogetroundthis.Inreturnforadepositofaround￡10itissupplyingpoorKenyanfamilieswithasolarcellabletogenerate2.5wattsofelectricity,abatterythatcandeliverathreeamp(安培)currenttostorethiselectricity,andalampwhosebulbisalight­emittingdiode(Thetrickisthat,tobeabletousetheelectricity,thesystem’skeepermustbuyascratchcard—foraslittleasadollar—onwhichisprintedareferencenumber.Thekeepersendsthisreference,plustheserialnumberofthehouseholdsolarunit,bySMStoEight19.Thecompany’sserverwillrespondautomaticallywithanaccesscodetotheunit.Usersmayconsiderthattheyarepayinganhourlyratefortheirelectricity.Infact,theyarepayingoffthecostoftheunit.Afterbuyingaround￡80worthofscratchcards—whichEight19expectswouldtaketheaveragefamilyaround18months—theuserwillownit.Hewillthenhavetheoptionofcontinuingtouseitfornothing,oroftradingitinforabiggerone,perhapsdrivenbya10­wattsolarcell.Inthatcase,hewouldgothenthroughthesameprocessagain,payingofftheadditionalcostoftheupgradedkitataslightlyhigherrate.Userswouldthereforeincreasetheirelectricitysupplysteadilyandaffordably.AccordingtoEight19’sfigures,thislookslikeagooddealforcustomers.Thefirmbelievestheaverageenergy­starvedKenyanspendsaround￡10amonthonoil—enoughtofuelacoupleofsmokylamps—plus￡2oncharginghismobilephoneinthemarket­place.RegularusersofoneofEight19’sbasicsolarunitswillspendaroundhalfthat,beforeowningitcompletely.Meanwhile,asthecostofsolartechnologyfalls,itshouldgetevencheaper.43.Theunderlinedword“getround”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby“______”.A.makeuseof B.comeupwithC.lookinto D.dealwith44.Whatshouldtheuserdowhentheelectricityinthebatteryisusedup?A.Buyascratchcard.B.Rechargeitoutside.C.Buyanothersolarcell.D.Returnittothecompany.45.Howmuchwoulduserspayforthecellandscratchcardsbeforetheyowna2.5­wattsolarcell?A.Around￡10. B.Around￡80.C.Around￡90. D.Around￡180.46.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.A.KenyanfamilieswouldfinditdifficulttoaffordthesolarcellB.usingthesolarcellwouldhelpKenyanfamiliessavemoneyC.fewKenyanfamiliesusemobilephonesforlackofelectricityD.thecompanywillmakeagreatprofitfromsellingsolarcells【答案】43.D44.B45.C46.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是英国的一家公司对太阳能的一种新的运作的方法。【43题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段中的Sunnycountriesareoftenpoor.Ashame,then,thatsolarpowerisstillquiteexpensive.Eight19,aBritishcompanybyCambridgeUniversity,has,however,inventedanovelwaytogetroundthis.可知，阳光充足的国家往往很贫穷。遗憾的是，太阳能仍然非常昂贵。不过，剑桥大学旗下的英国公司Eight19发明了一种新奇的方法来getround这个问题。由此推知，英国的这家公司找到一个方法来处理这一问题。由此可知，getround意为“处理，解决”。故选D。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Thefirmthinksthatthissystem,oncethebatteryisfullycharged,isenoughtolighttwosmallroomsandtopoweramobile­phonechargerforsevenhours.Then,nextday,itcanbeputoutsideandchargedbackupagain.可知，该公司认为，一旦电池充满电，这个系统足够点亮两个小房间，并为手机充电器供电7个小时。然后，第二天，它可以放在外面，再次充电。由此可知，当电池里的电用完的时候，用户可以在外面充电。故选B。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据一段中的Inreturnforadepositofaround￡10itissupplyingpoorKenyanfamilieswithasolarcellabletogenerate2.5wattsofelectricity,(作为大约10英镑押金的回报，该公司为贫穷的肯尼亚家庭提供了一种太阳能电池，这种电池可以产生2.5瓦的电力)和第三段中的Afterbuyingaround￡80worthofscratchcards—whichEight19expectswouldtaketheaveragefamilyaround18months—theuserwillownit.(在购买了价值约80英镑的刮刮卡之后——Eight19预计将占用平均每个家庭大约18个月的时间——用户将拥有它)可知，用户在拥有2.5瓦的太阳能电池之前，需要支付电池费用和刮刮卡的费用约为￡80+￡10=￡90。故选C。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中AccordingtoEight19’sfigures,thislookslikeagooddealforcustomers.Thefirmbelievestheaverageenergy­starvedKenyanspendsaround￡10amonthonoil—enoughtofuelacoupleofsmokylamps—plus￡2oncharginghismobilephoneinthemarket­place.RegularusersofoneofEight19’sbasicsolarunitswillspendaroundhalfthat,beforeowningitcompletely.Meanwhile,asthecostofsolartechnologyfalls,itshouldgetevencheaper.可知，根据Eight19的数据，这对客户来说似乎是一笔不错的交易。该公司认为，每个月平均缺乏能源的肯尼亚人每月花10英镑买油——这足以为几盏冒烟的灯