高考英语复习42：说明文写作

高考英语复习42：说明文写作

一、书面表达

1.15分）（2019•丽水模拟）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

"Helicopterparents"isadescriptionofparentswhoarehoveringovertheirchildreninastateofextreme

concern.Theyalwaysshowuptosolvetheirchildren'sproblems,protectthemfromrealorimaginedharm,

resolvestressfulsituation,offeradviceandgetthemoutoftrouble,eveniftheymisbehaved.Althoughoutof

loveandconcern,itcanhaveharmfuleffectontheirchildren'semotionaldevelopmentandfutureautonomy.

Childrenlearnthroughtheirmistakes.Butifyouintervene（介入）atfirstsignofstruggleandfinishyour

child'shomework,he'llmissoutonvaluablelearningopportunities.You'resendinghimthemessagethathe

needstobeperfectandfailureisnotanoption,otherwiseyouwouldn'talwaystakeoverforhim.

Byconstantlyrescuingyourchildfromstressfulsituation,you'resendinghimamessagethatyoudon't

believehe'scapableoftakingcareofhimself.Childrendevelopself-esteembylearninghowtocomplete

challengeontheirown.Ifyouarealwaysintervening,he'sdeniedthisvitalstageinhisgrowth.Asaresult,your

childmaylacktheconfidencenecessarytodowellinschool,pursuehobbiesandinterests,anddevelop

friendships.

Ifyou'realwaystakingcareofeverythingforyourchild,it'llbemoredifficultforhimtobecomeindependent.

Asanadult,hemightfindithardtctakecareofhimself,becausehe'sneverdevelopedcopingskillstodealwith

life'schallenges.Hemightsufferfromirrationalfears,anxietyanddepression,whichcouldleadhimtodropout

ofcollegeorfrequentlychangejobs,accordingtoDr.MicheleBorba.Insteadofdevelopinghealthyrelationships,

hemightseekapartnerwhowilltakecareofhimorcontrolling,asnisparentswere.

Youcanhelpyourchildbecomemoreindependentbyallowinghimtocompletetasksandchallengesonhis

ownwithoutyourintervention.Evenifhefailsatfirstdon'tinterfere—encouragehimtostartagain.Show

thatyouhavefaithinhisabilitiestosucceedwithoutyourhelp.Allcwhimtolearnnaturalconsequences.Even

smallthingscanhelphimbecomemoreindependent—makinghisownbed,preparinghisownlunch,shopping

forhisownclothesanddoinghomeworkwithoutyourhelp.

2.（5分）（2019•松江模拟）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Areyouworkingwithyourcomputerroutinelyeitherasanofficeemployeeoragamelover?Areyoureyes

dry,watery,blurry,seeingdoublecrsensitivetolight?Ifyouranswerisa"yes",youarelikelyoneo*many

peopletodaywhosufferfromdigitaleyestrain,alsocalledcomputer-visionsyndrome.Whatonearthisthis

syndromecomingfrom?Whatcanwedotodealwiththisproblem?

Eyestrainisoftenrelatedtotheamountofexposuretoscreens,thedistancefromeyestoscreensandthe

useofmultiplescreenssimultaneously.However,studieshavealsoshownthatthebluelightproducedbydigital

devicestodayreachesfurtherintotheeyesthanotherkindsoflight.Thislightactuallyassistsattentionduring

thedaybutcanresultininterruptedsleeppatternsatnight.

Yearsofscientificresearchesindicatethateyestrainisn'tnecessarilyanunavoidableproblemforthosewho

dealwithcomputerworkinthedailybase.Therearewaysyoucanadoptwhichcanovercometheproblem

considerably.Tobeginwith,yourcomputerscreenshouldbehigh-resolution（高分辨率），atleast5Ccentimeters

widediagonallyandmayrequireascreenfiltertodecreasereflections.Also,beawarethat"computerglasses",

whichcutdownglareandbluelight,areavailable.

Besides,toreduceyourriskforcomputer-visionsyndrome,takefrequentbreaksduringyourcomputer

workday.Manyworkerstakeonlytwo15-minutebreaksfromtheircomputerthroughouttheirday.Accordingto

arecentstudy,eyestrainaresignificantlyreducedwhencomputerworkerstakefouradditionalfive-minute

"mini-breaks"throughouttheirworkday.Finally,manyofusfallintobadhabitswhileusingdigitalscreens,which

onyworsentheeffectsofeyestrain.Whileviewingdigitalscreens,manypeopleblink（眨眼）onethirdlessoften

thantheyusuallydo.Placeareminderonyourcomputerto"blink"sothatyoureyesdon'tdryout.

3.15分）（2019•丽水模拟）概要写作

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Whenaratherdirty,poorly-dressedpersonkneelsatyourfeetandputsouthishandstobegforafewcoins,

doyouhurryon,notknowingwhattodozordoyoufeelsadandhurriedlyhandoversomemoney?Whatshould

ourattitudetobeggarsbe?Therecan'tbenoquestionthattheworldIsfullofterriblesadstories.Itmustbe

terribletohavenoideawhereournextmealiscomingfrom.Itseemscruelnottogivesomemoneytobeggars.

Certainly,mostoftheworld'sgreatreligionsorderustobeopen-heartedandsharewhatwehavewiththose

lessfortunatethanourselves.Buthastheworldchanged?Maybewhatwasmorallyrightintheolddays,when

oneknewexactlywhointhevillagehadsufferedmisfortuneandneededhelp,isnolongerthebestidea.Quitea

fewpeoplewillnotgivetobeggars.Letuslookattheirarguments.

First,somebelievethatmanycitybeggarsdressuponpurposetolookpitiableandactuallymakeagood

livingfrombegging.Givingtobeggarsonlyencouragesthissortofevils.Secondly,thereistheworrythatthe

moneyyougivewillbespentonbeer,wineordrugs.Thirdly,thereistheopinionthatthereisnorealexcusefor

begging.Onemightbepoor,butthatisnoreasonforlosingone'ssenseofprideandself-dependence.

Relatedtothisistheopinionthattheproblemshouldbedealtwithbythegovernmentratherthanordinary

people.Somepeoplethinkbeggarsshouldgotothelocalgovernmentdepartmentandreceivehelp.

Itishardtocometoaconclusion;therearevariouscasesandwemustdealwiththemdifferently.Afew

coinscansavealifeinsomesituations,andevenifthemoneyiswasted,thatdoesnottakeawaythemoral

goodnessofthegiver.

4.15分）（2019•普陀模拟）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

China'sNationalTreasure

Pandasareindangerofextinctionatpresent,withonly1,900remainingintheworld.Thescientificnameof

thegiantpandaisactuallycalledthecatbear,thenumberofwhichisveryscarce.Itisoneofthemostprecious

animalsintheworldandbelongstotheprotectedanimalsatthenationallevel.Itsbodycolorisblackandwhite.

GiantpandasareuniquetoChina,verycute.Theexistingmajorhabitatsareinthesurroundingmountainous

areassuchasSichuanandShanxiinChina.Thegiantpandahasaverypowerfulfunction:digestingbamboo.We

allknowthatbambooismainlycellulose（纤维素），andmostanimalscan'tdigestitexceptgiantpandas.The

giantpanda'shometownisinthemountainssouthwestofChina,grppnbamboosandspringseverywhere.

Therefore,thegiantpanda'smainfoodconsistsofbambooandspringwater.

Giantpandasareoftenreferredtoaslivingfossils.Hundredsofthousandsofyearsagozitwasthepeak

periodofgiantpandas.Thisisofgreatscientificvalueforstudyingandprotectingbiodiversityand

environmentalchangesontheearth.Long,longago,theclimateoftheearthbecamecolderandcolder,many

icecubesformedontheearth;plantscouldnotgrow,andmanyanimalswerefrozenorstarvedtoceath.The

giantpandaalonesurvivedinthedeepvalleysofthemountainsandbecameatreasureoftheanimalworld.The

giantpandastillretainsthecharacteristicsofancientanimals.Therefore,thegiantpandaisnotonlypopular

withadultsandchildrenintermsofappearance,butalsobecomesalivingfossilforbiologiststostudyancient

creatures.

Thestatusofgiantpandashasbeenpoliticized.Giantpandascanbeseeninalmostallthemajorcountriesin

theworld.Thegiantpandahasbecomeawitnessoffriendshipbetv/eenChinaandforeigncountries.For

decades,whereverthegiantpandagoes,apandawhirlwindwillblew.Withitscharmedfigureandnatural

cuteness,theChinesegiantpandaattractsnumerousfansaroundtheworld,andatthesametimeplaystherole

offriendshipambassadorinChina'sforeignexchanges,becomingoneofthemostfamoussymbolsinChina.

5.（5分）（2019•嘉定模拟）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Aninternationalteamofresearchersfoundemployeeswhoendurewhatisknownas"abusivesupervision"

aremorelikelytobehavepoorlyonpurposebymessinguptasks,arrivinglate,takinglongbreaksardputtingin

minimaleffort.

Theauthorsofthestudy,publishedintheJournalofManagement,soughttoanswerwhyhorriblebosses

makeemployeeslesswillingtoshowwhatisknownasorganizationalcitizenshipbehavior（OCB）,or

commitmenttothecompanyoutsideoftheircontractualobligations.Thatcouldincludehelpingcolleaguesor

volunteeringforunusualworkhours.Theyalsoassesseditseffectonaworker'stendencytoharmthe

organization,bydisplayingcounterproductive（反作用的）workbehavior（CWB）.

Tofindoutmore,anduncoverwhichnegativeoutcomebullying。次；变）behaviorismorelikelytocause,

researchersfromSouthwesternUniversityofFinanceandEconomicsinChina,RenminUniversityofChinaand

SwinburneUniversityofTechnologyinAustraliacooperatedandanalyzed427existingstudies.Theyfound

workersactedouteitherbecausetheyfelttheywerebeingtreatedunfairlyintheworkplace,orfeltstressedand

thisaffectedtheirabilitytoperformasexpected.Anemployeewhofelttheywereavictimofinjusticetended

moretowardsreluctancetoshowOCB.Stressedworkers,meanwhie,weremoreassociatedwithCWB.

Fmployerswhoworriedsupervisorsareaffectingproductivitycantakestepstoeaseissuesbyregularly

trainingmanagers,introducingpolicieswhichcopewithworkplaceinjusticesandhelpingworkerstcdealwith

stress.

Thisisnotthefirststudytosuggestunkindpracticescanaffectthewell-beingofworkers.Thepaperfollowsa

studypublishedintheEuropeanHeartJournallastyear,whichshov/edemployeeswhosufferbullyingaremore

likelytodevelopheartdiseasesthanthosewhoaren't.Bullyingandviolencearecommonatworkplacesand

thoseexposedtothesestressorsareathigherrisk.

6.15分）（2019•宝山模拟）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Smallbusinessesholdthekeytoemployedhappiness.Asthecalendarflipstoanotheryear,manyemployees

willconsiderstartingthenewyearonthehuntforanewjob.

Intoday'schangingworkforce,itismoreimportantthaneverforcompaniestorealizethatasalaryaloneis

nolongerenoughtoattractorretanstrongemployees.

AccordingtoasurveybyAflac,smallbusinessdeservearoundofapplausefortheirabilitytokeepemployees

happy.Thereportfoundthat85percentofsmall-businessemployeesarehappyintheircurrentjob.andmore

thanhalf（51percent）agreethatmostoforalloftheirhappinessIntheircurrentjobIsaresultofworkingfora

smallbusiness.

Nearlyaquarterofparticipants（23percent）statedthatthefeelingofimportancewasthebestpartof

workingforasmallbusiness.Smallbusinesseshavetheuniqueabilitytomakeemployeesfeelappreciated,

respectedandvaluedonapersonalandprofessionallevel.

Inasmall-businessenvironment,therearetypicallyfewerlayersbetweennewcomersandleadership.This

tight-knitstructurecancreateafamily-likeatmospherethatallowsemployeestofeelthattheiropinionsmatter

andthattheyplayasignificantroleinthebusiness'smission.

Flexibilityisalsovitalincreatingemployeehappiness.Accordingtothereport,30percentofrespondents

no:edthatflexibleschedulingwasthebestpartofworkingforasmallbusiness.Aworkplacethatpromotes

healthywork-lifebalancecancreatehappier,lessstressedemployeesandcanalsoincreaseproductivity.

Althoughsmallbusinessexcelatkeepingemployeeshappy,thereisalwaysroomforimprovement.Ina

small-businesscommunity,moneydoesnotseemtobetheonlymotivator.Infact,65percentofsmall-business

errployeesindicatethatanimprovementintheirbenefitsofferingswouldmakethemhappier.

Byofferingagreatbenefitsplanthatincludesvoluntarybenefits,smallbusinesscanensurethattheir

errployeesareabletofindtherightbenefitstomeettheirindividualneeds.

7.（5分）（2019•徐汇模拟）WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven

belowinChinese.

假设你将组织本班的毕业聚会，谈谈你的具体设想并说明理由。

内容必须包括：

1）明确聚会将在何时，何地，以何种形式举行

2）简述你的理由

（文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称）

8.（S分）（2019•虹口模拟）Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Whatcomesfirst:theoptimismorthegoodhealth?

Optimism,definedasthegeneralexpectationthatthefuturewillbefavorable,couldprovidewaysto

improvehealth,someresearchersbelieve.Butscientistsremainunsureifoptimismgoesaheadofhealth

improvements,orviceversa.

Arecentstudysuggeststhatmostpeoplecan'thelpbuttothinkoptimistically.Thisstudywasconductedby

EdO'Brien,asocialpsychologistattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.Thefindingssuggestthatpeople

haveanaturaltendencytothinkpositivelyabouttheirfuture.

Participantswereaskedtocreatealistofimaginarypersonalexperiencesthatwouldmakethemhappyor

unhappyoverthecourseofthenextyear.Theythenrankedhowdifficultitwastoplanthatlistandhowhappy

theybelievedtheywouldbeinthefutureoverall.Theeasieritwas：orpeopletothinkofpositivefu:ure

experiences,thehappiertheyimaginedtheywouldbe.However,therewasnorelationshipbetweeneasily

developingnegativefutureexperiencesandexpectingtobeunhappyasaresult.

O'Brienconcludedthatpeopleseemtodiscountthepossibilitythatfuturenegativeeventswillmakethem

happyoverall,suggestingthatoptimismmightcomemorenaturally."We'renotasusedtothinkingaboutthe

futureintermsofthingsthataregoingtogowrong."O'Brien'sstudyisoneofmanytofindthatpeopleare

consistentlyoptimisticabouttheirfuture,predictingpleasantexperiencesanddiscountingunpleasantones.If

oprimismmayleadtobetterhealthandpeoplegenerallytendtothinkoptimistically,whatdoesthismeanfor

theconnectionbetweenmentalandphysicalhealth?"Ifwecanmakesurethatoptimismcomesbeforehealthy

states,wemightbeabletoinvolveandimprovepeople'soptimism,"Boehmexplained.However,it'sdifficultto

determinewhatcomesfirst:theoptimismorthegoodhealth.

9.15分）（2019•上海模拟）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemain

point（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

ThePossibleHealthDangersofAir-conditioners

Althoughmanyofusmayfeelair-conditionersbringrelieffromhot,humidorpollutedoutsideair,theypose

manypotentialhealthhazards.Muchresearchhaslookedathowthemovementofairinsideaclosed

environment---suchasanofficebuilding---canspreaddiseaseorexposepeopleinthebuildingtoharmful

chemicals.

OneofthemorewidelypublicizeddangersisthatofLegionnairesdisease,whichwasfirstrecognizedinthe

1970s.Thiswasfoundtohaveaffectedpeopleinbuildingswithair-conditioningsystemsinwhichwarmair

pumpedoutofthesystem'coolingtowerswassomehowsuckedbackintotheairintake,inmostcasesdueto

poordesign.Thewarmair,filledwithbacteria,wascombinedwithcooled,conditionedairandwasthen

circulatedaroundvariouspartsofthebuilding.Studiesshowedthatevenpeopleoutsidesuchbuildingswereat

riskiftheywalkedpastairexhaustpipes.

Largeair-conditioningsystemsaddwatertotheairtheycirculatebymeansofhumidifiers.Inoldersystems,

thewaterusedforthisprocessiskeptinspecialreservoirs,thebottomsofwhichprovidebreedinggroundsfor

bacteriawhichcanfindtheirwayintotheventilationsystem.Therisktohumanhealthfromthissituationhas

beenhighlightedbythefactthattheimmunesystemsofapproximatelyhalfofworkersinair-conditionedoffice

buildingshavedevelopedthpabilitytofightofftheorganismsfoundatthebottomofsystemreservoirsRut

chemicalscalled“biocides“areaddedtoreservoirstomakethemgerm-free,andtheyaredangerousintheir

ownrightinsufficientquantities,astheyoftencontaincompoundsstronglylinkedtocancers.

Finally,itshouldbepointedoutthattheartificialclimaticenvironmentcreatedbyair-conditionerscanalso

affectus.Inanaturalenvironment,whetherindoororoutdoor,therearesmallvariationsintemperatureand

humidity.Indeed,thehumanbodyhaslongbeenaccustomedtothesenormalchanges.Inanair-conditioned

livingorworkingenvironment,however,bodytemperaturesremainwellunder37℃zournormaltemperature.

Thisleadstoaweakenedimmunesystemandthusgreaterexposuretodiseasessuchascoldsandflu.

10.（5分）（2019高三上•浙江模拟）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Technologyisforeverchangingthewaywegetournews.Manypeoplenowgetalotoftheirnewson

electronicdevices,insteadoftraditionalmedia,suchasnewspapers,televisionorradio.Anincreasingnumberof

peoplealsoreportturningtosocialmediaforinformation

Now,thereisanewtechnologythatcouldgreatlychangethewaywegetthenews:computer-creatednews

readers.Recently,Chinalaunchedwhatitcalledtheworldsfirstartificialintelligence,orAlnewspresenters.

Thenewsreaders,supportedbymachinelearningtechnology,arebasedontworeal-lifeChinesenewsmen.

OneIsabletopresentnewscastsInEnglish,theother,InMandarinChineseReportsaidmachinelearningwas

usedtoexaminevideoimagesandsoundsofthetwonewsmen.Similartechnologyhasbeenusedtocreate

videoproductsknownas“deepfake“videos."Adeepfakeavideothatlooksreal,butwaselectronicallychanged.

Suchvideoscanmakepeopleappeartosaythingstheyneversaid

It'ssaidthattheAlpresenterswillbeagreatimprovementtothenewsteambecausethey"canwork24

hoursaday"onitswebsiteandonsocialmedia.Oneofthepresentersevenpromisedtoworktirelessly"tokeep

peopleinformed.SomemachinelearningexpertssaidthesystemshowedoffChinaslatestprogressinvoice

recognition,text-to-speechtechnologyanddataanalysis

Otherswonderedabouttheeffectsrobotsmighthaveonemploymentandworkers.Somepeoplearguedthat

onylow-leveljobsrequiringheavylaborwillbeeasilyreplacedbyrobots.Otherspraisedthetechnologyasa

wayforcompaniestomakemoneyfromlow-costlabormachines.Somebusinesseshaveexperimentedwith

similartechnologyforpossibleuseinnewsoperations.

Britain'sBBCrecentlyreleasedavideothatusedmachinelearningtomakeitlooklikeoneofitsnewsreaders

speakingdifferentlanguages.TheLondon-basedcompanythatdevelopedthesystemsaysitsgoalisto"remove

thelanguagebarrier"formanydifferentkindsofvideoacrosstheinternet.Also,Amazon'sworkingonAlexa

smartspeakersystemtocreateaspecialnewsreadervoice.AmazonisreportedlypreparingtolaunchAlexas

newsreadervoiceinthenearfuture

答案解析部分

一、书面表达

1.【答案】"Helicopterparents",parentsgettingdeeplyinvolvedinchildren'slife,actuallydobigharmto

children'sgrowth.（要点l）Underover-protection,childrenmissthelessonstaughtbyfailuresandmistakes,fail

tobuilduptheirself-confidenceandbecomeweakincompetenceandemotions,whichconsequentlymakesit

hardforthemtofacereallifechallenges（要点2）Therefore,parentsshouldlearntoletgoandencourage

childrentobeindependent,staringfromsmallthings.

【考点】其他作文，文字式说明文

【解析】【分析】本题是一篇概要写作。本文是一篇说明文，介绍了家长教育孩子的一种方式-直升机式

家长。直升机式家长总是尽力地为孩子提供成功机会，并因此而过分管教孩子。有时候直升机式家长可

能猛了某场战役，但实际上输了一场战争。家长对•孩子的过度管教会对孩子的生活造成伤害，让孩子失

去自信，失去处理生活压力的能力。作者在文中劝说家长不要做直升机式家长。第一段提出话题：家长

教育孩子的一种方式-直升机式家长，并提出这种教育方式的害处。这可概括为“Helicopterpa-ents”，

parentsgettingdeeplyinvolvedinchildren'slife,actuallydobighamtochildren'sgrowth.第二段，第三段,第

四段分别论述了直升机式家长这种教育方式的坏处。由此可概括为Underover-protection,childrenmissthe

lessonstaughtbyfailuresandmistakes,failtobuilduptheirself-confidenceandbecomeweakincompetence

andemotions,whichconsequentlymakesithardforthemtofacereallifechallenges.结合前三段，作者在本文

最后一段劝说家长不要做直升机文家长。由此可概括为Therefore,parentsshouldlearntoletgoand

encouragechildrentobeindependent,staringfromsmallthings.

【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句

间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如："Helicopterparents",parents

gettingdeeplyinvolvedinchildren'slife,actuallydobigharmtochildren'sgrowth.运用了同位语；Under

over-protection,childrenmissthelessonstaughtbyfailuresandmistakes,failtobuilduptheirself-confidence

andbecomeweakincompetenceandemotions,whichconsequentlymakesithardforthemtofacereallife

challenges.运用了非限制性定语从句;Therefore,parentsshouldlearntoletgoandencouragechildrentobe

incependent,staringfromsmallthings.运用了并列句。

2.【答案】Digitaleyestrainisrelatedtotheamountofexposuretoscreensandthedistanceoftheeyestothe

screens.Scientistssuggestweshouldusehigh-resolutionscreensandtrytodecreasereflections.Moreover,

besideslongerbreaks,weshouldtakemoreadditionalmini-breaks.Finally,remindourselvestoblinkasmuchas

possibletopreventoureyesfromdryingout.

【考点】其他作文，文字式说明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，”数码眼疲劳”也被称为“电脑视觉综合症”的症状、原因及如何避免

进行了介绍。眼睛疲劳通常与接触屏幕的次数、眼睛与屏幕的距离以及同时使用多个屏幕有关。因为数

字设备产生的蓝光导致眼睛干涩、模糊的、对光敏感等。研究发现眼疲劳是可避免的，首先要减少屏幕

的反射，此外要经常休息或增加间隔休息时间，最后要提醒自己尽量多眨眼睛，以防眼睛干涩。本文首

先要概括出四段的大意。第一段介绍了什么是"Digitaleyestrain",也叫做"computer-visionsyndrome"及其

症状。第一段叙述眼睛疲劳的原因，即眼晴疲劳有关的内容.即与"Eyestrainisoftenrelatedtotheamount

ofexposuretoscreens,thedistancefromeyestoscreensandtheuseofmultiplescreenssimultaneously”这是

确切的定义，可照搬。第三段和第四段主要叙述了如何避免眼疲劳，即尽量避免反射(trytodecrease

reflection.),多休息(longerbreaks)以及提醒自己多眨眼(remind...toblink...),以防眼睛干涩(此句要

用动词不定式来表示目的)。最后按照大意，用恰当的句式表达出来即可。在用英语句式表达时，要尽可

能用自己的话，让句子灵活多变些。但句式一定要符合英语语言的要求，避免运用汉语式的英语。

【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句

间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如:Digitaleyestrainisrelatedtothe

arrountofexposuretoscreensandthedistanceoftheeyestothescreens.运用了并列句;Scientstssuggest

weshouldusehigh-resolutionscreensandtrytodecreasereflections.运用了宾语从句和虚拟语勺；Finally,

remindourselvestoblinkasmuchaspossibletopreventoureyesfromdryingout.运用了不定式作目的》犬语。

3.【答案】Inoldtimespeoplethoughtitwasmorallyrighttohelpthelessfortunate,buttodaymanychoose

no:togivebeggarsmoney.Theythinksomebeggarsmakeagoodlivingfrombeggingortheyworrythemoney

givenwillbemisused.Besides,it'sthegovernment'sdutytodealwiththeproblem.However,differentcasescall

fordifferentsolutions.Andweshouldrecognizethegiver'sgoodness.

【考点】其他作文，文字式说明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇文章概要。文章讲述的是当一个乞丐伸手向我们要钱时我们应该怎么办？这

很难得出结论，有各种各样的情况，我们必须用不同的方法来处理。过去人们认为帮助不幸的人在道义

上是正确的，但今天许多人选择不给乞丐钱。他们认为一些乞丐通过乞讨过上了好口子，或者他们担心

这里钱会被滥用。此外，处理这个问题是政府的责任。然而，不同的情况需要不同的解决方案。我们应

该认识到给予者的善良。

【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句

间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Inoldtimespeoplethoughtitwas

morallyrighttohelpthelessfortunate,buttodaymanychoosenottogivebeggarsmoney.运用了宾语从句和

并歹峋；Theythinksomebeggarsmakeagoodlivingfrombeggingortheyworrythemoneygivenwillbe

misused.运用了宾语从句和并列句;Besides,it'sthegovernment'sdutytodealwiththeproblem.运用了it

作形式主语。

4.［答案］Thereasonswhygiantpandasbecomenationaltreasuresareasfollows.First,giantpandasare

scarce,becomingthemostvaluableanimalsintheworld.Second,giantpandasarelivingfossils,having

importantscientificvalueinstudyingandprotectingbiodiversityandenvironmentalchangesontheearth.

Finally,giantpandashavebecomeasymboloffriendshipbetweenChinaandforeignpeople.

【考点】其他作文，文字式说明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大熊猫成为“国宝”的原因。文章分三段，每段叙述了一个原

因,第一段主要介绍大熊猫数量稀少，濒临灭绝。第二段主要介绍大熊猫是活化石，对于科学研究和保

护生物多样性有重大意义。第三段主要介绍大熊猫在中国和其他国家关系方面所起的积极作用。根据这

三段的主要内容，所给答案十分具体到位。

【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句

间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如；Thereasonswhygiantpandas

becomenationaltreasuresareasfollows.运Hl了定语以、句；First,giantpandasarescarce,becomingthemost

valuableanimalsintheworld运用了现在分词作状语：同时First,Second,以及Finally等过渡词的使

用，使文章更加流畅连贯。

5.［答案］Researchersfindthatbosses'bullyingbehaviorcontributestoemployees*deliberatebadjob

performance.Theyconfirmitsimpactontheirwell-beingrevealedbyapreviousstudy.Furtherstudiesfound

thatemployeestreatedunfairlyarereluctanttodisplayorganizationalcitizenshipbehavior,whilestressed

errployeesshowcounterproductiveworkbehavior.Bytrainingmanagersandadjustingpolicies,emoloyerscan

handle/addressthoseissues.

【考点】其他作文，文字式说明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，老板的恃强凌弱行为导致员工故意表现不佳。他们

证实了之前的一项研究，该研究揭示了对他们健康的影响。进一步的研究发现，受到不公平待遇的员工

不愿意表现出有组织性的公民行为，而压力大的员工表现出适得其反的工作行为。通过培训经理和调整

政策，雇主可以处理/解决这些问题。第一步：阅读1.认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，

就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。2.划出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短

语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了；对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。3.简

要地记下主要观点一一主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。第二步：写作步骤1.浏

览深文，找出主题：研究人员发现，老板的恃强凌弱行为导致员工故意表现不佳。他们证实了之前的一

项研窕所揭示的对他们健康的影响。进一步的研究发现，受到不公平待遇的员工不愿意表现出有组织性

的公民行为，而压力大的员工表现出适得其反的工作行为。通过培训经理和调整政策，雇主可以处理/解

决这些问题2.分析文章的结构，把它分成几个部分，找