高考英语作文高级词汇全集讲义

高考英语书面表达高分秘诀之高级词汇替换

在高考作文阅卷过程中，老师会对一些“高级”词汇尤为偏爱。但是，大多数同学根本不具备单词升级意识，一想

到“好，就是“good”;T»到“坏”，就是“bad”;一想到“美丽僦是"beautiftil”。当老师一天批阅上千份讷容相同、语言低

龄”的作文时，她的痛苦感受可想而知。

因此，你一定要避免这些。低能词汇”，让自己的词汇升级、升级再升级！

那么，什么样的单词最能够吸引阅卷老师的好感？

【原则一：晚词优先】

老师偏爱"学得晚''的单词，因为使用学得比较晚的单词，可以体现一个人“学以致用”的意识。如果一个意思既可

以用初中单词来表达,又可以用高二、高三单词来表达，那尽量选择高二、高三的单词，如：

(l)Adj.困难的黯然低分词：difficult闪光高分词：challenging有挑战性的

(2)Adj.重要的黯然低分词：important

闪光高分词：vital至关重要的;essential必不可少的;significant有重要意义的;

(3)Adj.美郎的黯然低分词：beautiful

闪光高分词：appealing动人的;attractive吸引人的;charming迷人的；fascinating迷人的

注：以上五个词既能修饰人，又能修饰物，非常好用，务必记熟！

【原则二：短语优先】

在阅卷老师看来,活用短语是一个考生能力的体现c因此，我们可以掌握一些将某些常见单词转化为短语的用法,

如：

(4)v.参加黯然低分词：join闪光高分词：takepartin

(5)v.使用黯然低分词：use闪光高分词：makegooduseof

(6)v.拜访黯然低分词：visit闪光高分词：payavisitto

⑺最常见的换词手段：形容词=of-同根名词

黯然低分词：闪光高分词：黯然低分词：闪分词：

veryimportant重要的ofgreatimportanceveryharmful有害的ofgreatharm

verydifficult困难的ofgreatdifficultyveryvaluable有价值的ofgreatvalue

verybeautiful美丽的ofgreatbeautyverysignificant至关重要的ofgreatsignificance

veryuseful有用的ofgreatus3verynecessary必要的ofgreatnecessity

veryhclpfi.il有帮助的ofgreathelp

【原则三：“具体化”单词优先】

请允对比以下几组句子：

[例句1]Igotoschooleveryday.

[例句2]Iridetoschooleveryday.

在课堂上，笔者经常以这两个句子为例，讲解“具体化’’的重要性,很多同学都能感觉到例句2要比例句1好。究

其原因，是例句2中的rode比例句1中的went更加具体：went只表达了“去”的意思，而rode不但表达出“去”的意思,

还能表达出具体的交通方式。也就是说，例句2表达的信息量比例句1更加丰富。

再如：

[例句3]MrWangisagoodteacher.

【例句4】MrWangisakind,patientandknowledgeableteacher.

例句3只表达出MrWang是一个“好”老师，而到底“好”在哪些方面，却没有具体说清楚;例句4则清楚地告诉读者，

MrWang好在三个方面：和蔼(kind)、时心(patient)以及知识丰富(knowledgeable)。

因此，我们必须学会换用更为具体的单词表达我们的思想，如：

(8)adj.学习黯然低分词：learn

闪光高分词：research研究:pickup偶然学到，顺便学到，轻松学到;master掌握

(9)n.好老师整然低分证：agoodteacher

闪光高分词：akind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher

当然，除了替换某些表意抽象的单词，我们还可以通过增加细节成分，使表达更为具体，如，例句2可以加上同

伴、心情等信息，进一步改写成：

【例句5】I,togetherwithTomandJerry,rodetotheZhongshanparkyesterday,feelingratherexcited.

同样的，例句4也可以加上一个定语从句，写出MrWang到底擅长哪些事情，如：

[例句6]MrWangisakind,patientandknowledgeableteacherwhoknowshowtoenlightenusstudents.

可以看到，例句5和例句6两个句子采用“具体化”的手段，将原本毫无生气的句子顿时变得生动形象了。

综上所述，想让你的表达“具体化”，一共有两种常用方法，其一，是换掉某些表意不明确的单词，换上表意更加

明确具依的单词;其二，是在句中适当增加细节成分。“具体化”的好处，是让句子的含义更加丰富，让读者更容易由句

子展开丰富的联想，随着作者一起经历、一起思考、一起感动。在平时的学习、训练中，与其生硬地使用超纲词汇,

不如好好熟悉大纲单词，用好,•具体化,的两种方法，为你的作文增光添彩。

事实上，“具体化”在汉语写作中也有同样的体现。比如，要表达•'惜别,'的感情，光说“再见”是不够的，应该像诗

人那样,用具体化的细节带动感情，写出梦幻般的文字：'让我与你提别/再轻轻抽出我的手，知道思念从此生根，浮

云白日/山川庄严温柔…”

这就是''具体化“的作用，你体会到了吗？

【原则四：大纲词汇的衍生词优先】

在高中英语中，我们已经涉及到了词根词缀的知识。运用这些知识，可以将很多高中词汇衍生为四六级词汇甚至

托福、雅思词汇。如果能够熟练使用一两个这种词汇，你的作文肯定“碉堡了”!举例如下，看看箭头后面的替换词都是

由哪些空词变来的？

(10)adj.当然地黯然低分词：certainly

闪光高分词：obviously明显地;undoubtedly毫无疑问地;evidently显然地；

(1l)adj.不开心的黯然低分词：sad

闪光高分词：discouraged气馁的;depressed沮丧的;downhearted垂头丧气的；

lowspirited意志消沉的；

可以看出，这里列举的“大纲词汇衍生词“看上去都相当"有水平'’，但都是由大纲中的简单单词加上某些前缀、后

缀变来的，可以说又好记，又好用，你学会了吗？

只要运用以上四种方法，在平时的学习中不断积累和使用“闪光高分词”，一定能让你的作文绽放出最美的光辉！

1.增补(Addition)

inaddition另外；furthermore此外；again;also;besides;moreover此外；similarly;finally最后

2.比较(parison)

inthesameway;likewise同样地；similarly;equally;inparison比较起来；justas同样地3.

对照(Contrast)

whereas然而：incontrast与此相反；ontheotherhand;instead同样；however然而；nevertheless然而

unlike;eventhough即使；onthecontrary;while

4.因果(Causeandeffect)

because;becauseof;for;since;dueto;owingto;thanksto;asaresult(of);accordingly;

hence;so;thus

5.强调(Emphasis)

certainly;aboveall;indeed;ofcourse;surely;actually;asamatteroffact;chiefly;

especially;primarily;inparticular;undoubtedly;absolutely;mostimprtant

6.让步(Concession)

although;though;afterall;inspiteof;nevertheless;still;provided;whileitistrue

71列证(Exemplification)

fbrexample;forinstance;thatis;namely;suchas;inotherwords;inthiscase;bywayof

illustration.

8.总结(Conclusion)

tosumup;toconclude;inaword;inshort;inbrief;allinall;inall;toputitinanutshell;

insummary

9.推断(Inference)

therefore;asaresult(of)；consequently;accordingly;so;otherwise

10.时间和空间(Timeandspace)

afterward;after;first;later;then;soon;outside;near;beyound;above;below;onthe

right(left);inthemiddle;opposite;infrontof

11.启承转合

1)、启

AproverbsaysAtpresent

AstheproverbsaysCurrently..…

Generallyspeaking;Now;

Ingeneral;…OntheWhole

ItisclearthatRecently..…

ItisoftensaidthatWithoutdoubt;

2)、承

First(ofall);Moreover;

Firstly;Noonecandenythat

Inthefirstplace;Obviously

Tobeginwith;Ofcourse:

Also;Similarly;

AtthesametimeTherefore;weshouldrealizethat

CertainlyThereisnodoubtthat

Inaddition;..…What'smore;

InfactItcanbeeasilyprovedthat...

Meanwhile

3)、转

But...Still;

Buttheproblemisnotsosimple...

Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis;butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto

However;

Tooursurprise;

Nevertheless;Unfortunately

Ontheotherhand;

YetdifferencewillbefoundandthatiswhyIfeelthat

Othersmayfindthistobetrue;butIdonot.Ithink..…

4)、合

Aboveall;Inbrief;

Accordingly;Inconclusion;

Allinall;…….

Inotherwords;itishardtoescapetheconclusionthat

Asaconsequence;Inshort;

AsIhaveshown/said/stated/Insum;

Insummary;Ashasbeennoted;

Obviously;Bysodoing;

Onthewhole;Consequently;

Presumably;Eventually;

Toconclude;Finally;

Tosumup;Inaword;

Tosummarize;

一.高级词汇

1.occur替换thinkof

SuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.T

Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomvhouse.

Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.

2.devote替换spend

Hespendsallhissparetimeinreading.->

Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.

3.seek替换want/lookfor

Theysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.

4.average替换ordinary

I'manaverage(ordinary)student.

5.but替换very

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.->

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.

6.seat替换sit

Onhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworried.7

.suppose替换should

Heissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.

8.appreciate替换thank

Thankyouverymuchforyouhelp.->

Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.

9.thecase替换true

Idon'tthinkitisthecase(true).

10.on替换assoonas

Assoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.->

Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..

11.dueto替换becauseof

Hearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.

12.cover替换walk/read

Aftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.

13.contributeto替换behelpful/useful

PlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.->

PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.

14.roundthecorner替换ingsoon/nearby

①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(ing).Doyouhaveanyplans?②Li

Mingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).

15.ctolight替换discover

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.->

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.

16.haveaball替换haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself

Aftervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagood

time).

17.eupwith替换thinkof

Jackisveryclever.Heoftenesupwith(thinksof)newideas.

18.setaside替换save

Somestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.(2004天

津卷)

19.beof+n.替换adj.

Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.20

・referto替换talkabout/of,mention

Theprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.

21.cannotbut/cannothelpbut替换havetodo

Icouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.

22.moreoftenthannot替换usually

Moreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.23

・lest替换sothat/inorderthat

IwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.->

Iwrotedownhistelephonenumberlest1(should)forgetit.

24.belongforsth./belongtodosth.替换wanttodosth./wishfor

Iwanttoseeyouverymuch.->

Iamlongtoseeyou.

25.becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替换beinterestedin

Heiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.

26.morethan替换very

①VmverygladtolearnthatyouareinginSeptember.->

I'mmorethangladtolearnthatyouareinginSeptember.(NMET2003)

(2)IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.(2004全国卷)27

.perfect(ly)替换good/verywell

Hespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).

28.dosba/thefavor替换help

Wouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio?

29.theotherday替换afewdaysago

TheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)30

.inthecourseof替换during

Inthecourseof(During)(heinouiHaiiicliiiibing,pleasehelpeachoilierandpayspecial

attentiontoyoursafety.

31.themajorityof替换most

Themajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothe

cinema.

32.consistofbemadeupof

Ourclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.

33.bewornout替换betired/broken

①Afterfivehours,nonstopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).

(2)Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.

34.beeof替换happen

Whatdothinkhasbeeof(happenedto)him?

35.attendto替换lookafter

36.onconditionthat替换aslongas

37.nevertheless替换however

38.expressonc^satisfactionwith替换besatisfiedwith

39.sparenoeffortstodo替换tryone'sbesttodo

40.manya替换many

41.berushedoffone'sfeet替换bebusyindoing

42.ahandfulof替换alittle/some

43.meanwhile替换atthesametime

44.gettoone'sfeet替换standup

45.beneath替换under

46.occasionally替换sometimes/onceinwhile

47.forinstance替换forexample

48.seldom替换notoften

49.wealthy替换rich

50.amazing替换surprising

51.asamatteroffact替换infact

二.高级句型结构

♦It句型

①Itwillbe+sometime+before...

Itwon'tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.

(2)Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.

Itisveryimportantforustolearnputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.

HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspare

parts.

③Itis+被强调部分+that-

1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.

2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.

♦more...thananyother表示最高级

Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandputerstudyaremorepopularthanany

oneelse.

♦名词从句

①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhati§coveredinthetalk.

②Myhometownisnolongerwhatituiedtobe.

♦(非限制性)定语从句

①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.->

TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichi§nutfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.

(2)Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI'llneverforgetforthrenstofmvlife.

♦分询结构

①Idon"knowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoin、endle§§

homeworkandatteedinnclasseswell.

(2)We*11mostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,plavin?andmeetineDCODIC.

(2004全国卷II)

③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.

④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.(2008年湖南卷)

♦with结构

①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyiniured.

②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalai?esuitcaseirhisleft

hand.

S金句

①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.->

Eastoftheteachingbuildingi§thelibrary.

(2)Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.

Tiredasweare,wearehappy.

③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.

@Mayallyourdreamsetrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!♦被

动语态

①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.

②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.

③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.

♦巧妙的改写

(1).Only改成noonebut

OnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.->NoonebutTompassedtheexam.

(2).assoonas…改成Nosooner...than.../Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNo

soonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.

(3).havesb/sthdo/done

Thegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).(

4).变换插入语的位置

(i)However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.->

Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.

(2)Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou've

le