2025-2026学年山西省太原市某校高二9月月考英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山西省太原市某校2025-2026学年高二9月月考英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AWomenscientistsaroundtheworldhavemadesignificantcontributionstoStem(science,technology,engineering,andmaths).Herearefourwhopushedboundariesandchangedtheworld.WuChienshiung(1912—1997)BoninTaicang,Jiangsuprovince,WutookpartintheManhattanProjectwhichhelpedcreatetheworld’sfirstnuclearweapon.HerfamousWuexperimentoverturnedthetheoryofparity(宇称理论)inphysics.ThisbreakthroughledtoaNobelPrizethatwasawardedtohermalecolleagues,butWu’scriticalroleintheworkwasoverlooked.HedyLamarr(1914—2000)Austria-bornLamarrstarredinalotofHollywoodfilmsandmadegreatsuccess.Shewasalsosupersmartandaself-taughtinventor.Duringthesecondworldwar,LamarrtogetherwithGeorgeAntheil,acomposer,developedaradioguidancesystem.TheprincipleoftheirworkispartofthebasisofBluetoothandwirelesstechnology.KatherineJohns(1918—2020)AfricanAmericanNASAmathematicianJohnson’scalculationswerecriticalingettingthefirstUSastronautstospaceandbacksafely.Duringher33-yearcareeratNASA,Katherineearnedareputationformasteringcomplexcalculationsandwasreferredtoasa“humancomputer”.TuYouyou(1930—)BorninNingbo,Zhejiangprovince,Tusharedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithtwootherforeignscientists,forherworkindiscoveringartemisinin,adrugusedtotreatmalaria(疟疾).Herworkhassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld.TuisthefirstChineseNobelwinnerinphysiologyormedicineandthefirstfemalecitizenofthePRCtowinaNobelPrize.1.Besidesbeinganinventor,HedyLamarrisalsoa(n)________.A.composer B.producerC.actress D.mathematician2.WhatisTuYouyou’sgreatestcontributiontotheworld?A.Shetreatedpeopleformalaria. B.Herdiscoveryhelpedsavemillions.C.SheisthefirstChinesNobelwinner. D.Herresearchprojectisoneofakind.3.Whatdothefourfemalescientistshaveincommon?A.Theysharedthesameinterest. B.Theyeachconstructedatheory.C.TheywereallawardedtheNobelPrize. D.Theyallmadeadifferencetotheworld.BCarol-AnneO’Callaghan,aformerteacherfromGreatMissenden,Buckinghamshire,hasfoughthardtoprotectancientoaksnearherhome,whichshesaysarehometorarebats.InFebruary2021,O’Callaghanwaswalkingherdogswhenshespottedyellowdotsstuckonsomeofthe99oaktreesinanarrowcountrylaneclosetoherhome.Thedotsindicatedtreesmarkedfordestruction.AftershelearnedthetreeswouldbefelledaspartoftheHS2high-speedrailwayworks,shecalledtheHS2helplineandwastoldtherewasnothingthatcouldbedoneasanover-roadwouldbebuilt.Shegetschokeduprememberingthemomentsherealizedmanyofthemweretobecutdown.O’Callaghanlovesthatancientlineofoaks.Theywereplantedinthe19thcentury.“MyfamilyandIwouldpicnicunderthem,”shesays,“climbthem,haveropeswingsonthem.Thetreesareamazingandbeautifulandmeantsomuch.”Oneofthelastphotosofhermother,takenshortlybeforeshedied,wasofhersittinginaswingintheirbranches.Shenoticedthatontheothersideofthelane,tothenorth,therewerenoancientoaks.Soshebegancampaigningtosavethetrees.Withthehelpofherdaughter,Blaize,shestartedapetition(请愿书),whichwentontogetnearly43,000signatures.“Isawsomeonepassionateaboutgivingavoicetothosewhodon’thaveone,someonenotafraidofaskingquestionsandcallingoutlarge,dauntingbusinessesfordoingthewrongthing,”saysherneighbourVictoria.BuckinghamshireCouncilhasgotinvolved,andthefellingispaused.Afinaldecisionhasyettobemadeabouttheproposedover-road.“We’reoptimisticthatthey’llhearourargumentandtaketheecologyofthelaneintoaccount,”saysO’Callaghan.“Wewantthemtoputinagreencrossinginthegapsbetweentrees,forthebats,andwe’dliketheplacetobecomeaconservationarea.Forthetreesandthebats—thisiswhatwearefightingfor!”4.Whatdidtheyellowdotsontheoaksindicate?A.Theseoakswouldbecutdown. B.Thenarrowlanewouldbewidened.C.Rarebatswouldgetprotected. D.Arailwaystationwouldbebuilt.5.WhydoesO’Callaghanhavedeepfeelingsoftheoaks?A.Duetotheoaks’longhistory. B.Duetothenaturalbeauty.C.Duetothepreciousmemories. D.Duetothediversewildlife.6.WhatkindofpersonisO’Callaghan?A.Creative. B.Humorous. C.Generous. D.Enthusiastic.7.WhatisadirectresultofO’Callaghan’sefforts?A.Theecologyisbeingimproved.B.Thefellinghasbeenputoff.C.TheCouncilcanceledtheproposal.D.Theareabecomesareserve.CMorethan3/4oftheSoutheastAsiapopulationisagriculture-based.Twiceasmuchfishisconsumedinthisareacomparedtootherformsofanimalprotein,reflectingthelongcoastlinesandriverenvironmentsofSoutheastAsia.Thestaplefood(主粮)throughouttheareaisrice,whichhasbeenplantedforthousandsofyears.Riceservesasthebasicstaplefoodformorethanhalfoftheworld’spopulationtoday.InAsia,therearedifferentstylesofeatingfood.InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,aswellasSoutheastAsia,peopleeatfoodwiththeirhands.Itisaverydirectwaytoexperiencethetexture(口感)ofthefood,andpeoplenormallywashtheirhandsbeforeandaftereachmeal.Normally,onlytherighthandisused,sothatoneknowstokeepitespeciallyclean.Generally,thefoodstobeeatenareplacedonplatesinthecenterofthematortable,andpeopletakefoodinsmallportions(一份)astheyeat.TheexceptiontothispatternisVietnam,wheretheinfluenceofChinawasmuchstrongerthananywhereelseinSoutheastAsia.Here,eachpersonhaschopsticks,andfoodisservedanddividedamongpeopleontoindividualplatesorintoindividualbowls.AsimilarpatternisfoundinotherAsiancountrieswhereChineseinfluencewasespeciallystrong,e.g.Japan,Koreaandsoon.TheinfluenceofWesternculturesisfoundnotonlyintheuseoftablesandchairsinmanymodernSoutheastAsianhouseholds,butalsointheuseofspoonsandforks.Knivesarenotnecessary,sincemeatandvegetablesarecutintosmallerportionsbeforecookingorserving.Alargespoonisheldintherighthand,whilethelefthandisusedtoshovelfoodintothespoon.8.Whatcanbeknownfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.MostoftheAsiansliveinthecities.B.MostpeopleeatfoodwiththeirhandsthroughoutAsia.C.Riceservesasthenon-staplefoodinmostareasinSoutheast.D.SoutheastAsianseatmorefishthanotherformsofanimalprotein.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Thefood. B.Themeal.C.Therighthand. D.Thetextureofthefood.10.InwhataspectisVietnamanexception?A.Peoplethereeatwiththeirhands.B.Peopletakefoodfromplateswithchopsticks.C.Foodisservedandsharedintoalargeplateorbowl.D.JapaneseinfluenceisseenmorethanChineseinfluence.11.Whatismainlydiscussedinthelastparagraph?A.FoodcultureinWesterncountries. B.Theadoptionofmetaleatingtools.C.Theintroductionofseatingfurniture. D.ChangescausedbyWesterncultures.DAlargeamountofgreatscientificdiscoveriesisnotactuallydiscoveredbutborrowed.Thatwasthecasewhenscientistsdiscoveredproteinsfromanunlikelylender:greenalgae(绿藻),whosecellsaremodifiedwithproteinsthatcansenselight.Thelight-sensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneurons(神经元)byprovidingawaytoturnthemonandoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaughttheattentionofbrainscientists:Nervecellswhichweregeneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbecomelight-controlled.Aflashoflightcouldcauseaquietneurontosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent.“Thisisthelightsensorthatweneeded,”saysZhuo-HuaPan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice’seyes.Themethodisnowcalledoptogenetics(光遗传学).InPan’slab,light-responsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamagedeyesight,afindingthathasnowledtoamedicaltestonpeople.Optogenetics’promisewasn’tclearinearlydays,asscientistswerefirstlearninghowtousetheseproteinsinneurons.“Atthattime,nooneexpectedthatthisoptogeneticworkwouldhavesuchahugeimpact,”Pansays.Thealgae’slightsensorshavebeenadoptedforuseincountlessbrainresearchfields.Talia,anotherscientist,usesoptogeneticstostudyconnectionsbetweencellsinthemousebrain.Themethodallowshertocombtherelationshipsbetweencellsthatproduceandrespondtodopamine(多巴胺),whichmighthelpuncoverdetailsaboutmotivationandlearning.Sofar,optogeneticsresearchhastakenplacemostlyinmice.Butfindingsintomorecomplexbrainslikehumanbrainmaysoonbeconfirmed.“Wearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciplesofthehumanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,”saysYasmineofColumbiaUniversity.Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforeverinthealgae’sdebt.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theoriginofneurons. B.Thevarietiesofneurons.C.Thediscoveryofgreenalgae. D.Theinspirationfromgreenalgae.13.WhatcanwelearnfromPan’sresearch?A.Thefindingsareusedtocurebraindiseases.B.Impairedeyesightislikelytoberestored.C.Relationshipsbetweencellshavebeenfound.D.Thelight-sensingproteinisthekeytothebrain.14.What’sYasmine’sattitudetowardsthefutureofherresearch?A.Confident. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Unclear.15.Whichsectionisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Health. B.Botany. C.Figure. D.Invention.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MinorCold:AsugaryfeasttogetthroughthefreezingwinterMinorCold,or“Xiaohan”inChinese,isthe23rdofthe24solartermsintheChineselunarcalendar____16____We’veoutlinedbelowhowpeopledealwiththeMinorColdanditssignificanceinChineseculture.Whydopeopleeateighttreasuresricepudding?Eighttreasuresricepuddingor“babaofan”inMandarinisaspecialsweetricedishenjoyedduringMinorColdandChineseNewYeardinner.InChinese,thenumbereightispronouncedas“ba”,whichissimilartoanotherChineseword“fa”.____17____.Becauseofitspronunciation,thistraditionalChinesedimsumisregardedasasymbolofwealthandhealth.Whatelsedopeopleeat?____18____.DifferentregionsinChinahavedifferenteatinghabits.PeopleinNanjingandShanghaiusuallycookvegetablericewhileinGuangzhou,itisatraditiontoeatstickyriceonthemorningofMinorCold.Nationwide:PreparingfortheSpringFestivalForChinesepeople,thistimeofyearalsoseespreparationforthemostimportantfestivaloftheyear:theSpringFestival.____19____.Intheolddays,ChinesefamilieswouldusuallystarttopurchasethenecessitiesfortheSpringFestival,writecoupletsandmakepapercutsbythemselves.ForecastsfromanimalsTheancientChinesenoticedtheslightchangesinseasonsbyobservingthemovementsofthebirds.Wildgeesewouldusuallystarttoflybacktothenorthwhilethemagpies(喜鹊)maketheirnests.TheseanimalsremindpeopleofthebeginningofthesuitablefarmingandlifeforMinorCold.____20____.Therefore,moreattentionshouldbepaidtodomesticanimals’warmth.A.Itmeansgettingrichorboominginbusiness.B.However,“babaofan”isnottheonlytraditionalfoodforMinorCold.C.FormostareasofChina,MinorColdisthebeginningofthecoldestperiod.D.Eventhoughtemperaturesdropsuddenlyatthistime,springisnotfaraway.E.Thelastlunarmonth,knownas“Layue”,usuallybeginsaroundMinorCold.F.Cabbageiseasytopreserveinthewinterandtastesbetterafterbeingpreserved.G.Witheachsolarterm,therecomesasetofcustomsthatarerelatedtothetimeofayear.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IneverthoughtthatIhadtomovetoanotherstateat14.Iwasdoubly____21____forIhadjustlostmyfather.Myfamilygot____22____ingivingawayallthethingswecouldnotcarrywithus.Ontopofthe____23____wasawoodencradle(摇篮).Cradlesare____24____meantfornewborns,butmymotherdecidedto____25____thisbigonetomyfriendSaraassheusedtoloveplayinginit.SoonIgot____26____withthenewscheduleofschool,adjustingtothenewcity.TimesfledquicklyuntilI____27____thenewsofSara’smarriage.Mythoughtswanderedaboutherandourgood____28____inthenativetownofKerala.Ihappenedto____29____thetownafter20years.Whata(n)_____30_____-Sara’sdaughterwassleepingintheverycradlefrommymother.IalsocametoknowSarawas_____31_____onhermother’sdecisiontodonatethiscradleandsherefused.Sara,eventoday,treatsthisgiftasablessingandasignof_____32_____frommymothertoher.Shenow_____33_____thecradletootherbabiesandfetchesitwhentheystartwalking.“Thisisnotjustamaterialthing;thisindicatesourstrong_____34_____.Theexcellenceofagiftliesinitsappropriatenessratherthaninits_____35_____,”Sarasaid.21.A.guilty B.sad C.nervous D.shameful22.A.involved B.interested C.bored D.skilled23.A.cover B.table C.shelf D.list24.A.sincerely B.especially C.partly D.previously25.A.sell B.deliver C.gift D.lend26.A.engaged B.annoyed C.connected D.disappointed27.A.spread B.heard C.broke D.brought28.A.lessons B.chances C.times D.fames29.A.talkabout B.commenton C.referto D.callat30.A.success B.event C.scene D.affair31.A.keen B.dependent C.strict D.upset32.A.thank B.love C.respect D.hope33.A.takesback B.holdsup C.putsaway D.passeson34.A.character B.support C.link D.ability35.A.value B.source C.quality D.effect第二节(共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。KiteflyingdatedfromChinaandbecamepopulararoundthecountry.Withalonghistory,itisconsideredasthe____36____(early)aircraftwehaveeverknown.Kiteswereusedformilitarypurposesintheverybeginning,suchasmeasurementandsignaling.Laterkiteflyinggraduallybecame____37____outdooractivityforrecreationaswellasartand____38____(be)warmlywelcomeforcenturies.Inthepast,peoplefastenedbamboo-madewhistlesontoakite.While____39____(fly)throughthewind,itproducedsoundlikethemusicproducedbygu-zheng,____40____isatraditionalChineseinstrument.Therefore,kitehas____41____(it)modernnameasfengzhengInthe7thcentury,kite____42____(introduce)toneighboringcountriesincludingKoreaandJapan.Aroundthe13thcentury,MarcoPolointroducedittoEuropeandArabcountries.AroundtheQingmingFestival,usuallyonearlyApril,manypeopleflykitesinpublicsquares.Theskyisdottedwithkitesofdifferent____43____(design),suchasdancingbutterflies,boundingdragons,andswimmingfish.Whenpeoplelookatthosekites,theyfeelasiftheywereflyingawaywiththekitestoescapethenoisyworldandstepintothenaturewiththeirbodyandsoul.Besides,itisawayforpeopletopray____44____blessingsandfortune.ThetraditionalChinesekiteexpressesharmonybetweenhumanandnature,along-heldbelief_____45_____(treasure)bytheChinesepeople.第三部分写作(满分20分)46.假设你是李华，学校英文报正在征稿,请你以“HowtoDevelopaSenseofHumor”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：1．观察生活，因为生活中有很多幽默瞬间(moment)；2．看幽默电影，读趣味文章；3．与幽默的人在一起，尝试开玩笑。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________山西省太原市某校2025-2026学年高二9月月考英语试题第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AWomenscientistsaroundtheworldhavemadesignificantcontributionstoStem(science,technology,engineering,andmaths).Herearefourwhopushedboundariesandchangedtheworld.WuChienshiung(1912—1997)BoninTaicang,Jiangsuprovince,WutookpartintheManhattanProjectwhichhelpedcreatetheworld’sfirstnuclearweapon.HerfamousWuexperimentoverturnedthetheoryofparity(宇称理论)inphysics.ThisbreakthroughledtoaNobelPrizethatwasawardedtohermalecolleagues,butWu’scriticalroleintheworkwasoverlooked.HedyLamarr(1914—2000)Austria-bornLamarrstarredinalotofHollywoodfilmsandmadegreatsuccess.Shewasalsosupersmartandaself-taughtinventor.Duringthesecondworldwar,LamarrtogetherwithGeorgeAntheil,acomposer,developedaradioguidancesystem.TheprincipleoftheirworkispartofthebasisofBluetoothandwirelesstechnology.KatherineJohns(1918—2020)AfricanAmericanNASAmathematicianJohnson’scalculationswerecriticalingettingthefirstUSastronautstospaceandbacksafely.Duringher33-yearcareeratNASA,Katherineearnedareputationformasteringcomplexcalculationsandwasreferredtoasa“humancomputer”.TuYouyou(1930—)BorninNingbo,Zhejiangprovince,Tusharedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithtwootherforeignscientists,forherworkindiscoveringartemisinin,adrugusedtotreatmalaria(疟疾).Herworkhassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld.TuisthefirstChineseNobelwinnerinphysiologyormedicineandthefirstfemalecitizenofthePRCtowinaNobelPrize.1.Besidesbeinganinventor,HedyLamarrisalsoa(n)________.A.composer B.producerC.actress D.mathematician2.WhatisTuYouyou’sgreatestcontributiontotheworld?A.Shetreatedpeopleformalaria. B.Herdiscoveryhelpedsavemillions.C.SheisthefirstChinesNobelwinner. D.Herresearchprojectisoneofakind.3.Whatdothefourfemalescientistshaveincommon?A.Theysharedthesameinterest. B.Theyeachconstructedatheory.C.TheywereallawardedtheNobelPrize. D.Theyallmadeadifferencetotheworld.BCarol-AnneO’Callaghan,aformerteacherfromGreatMissenden,Buckinghamshire,hasfoughthardtoprotectancientoaksnearherhome,whichshesaysarehometorarebats.InFebruary2021,O’Callaghanwaswalkingherdogswhenshespottedyellowdotsstuckonsomeofthe99oaktreesinanarrowcountrylaneclosetoherhome.Thedotsindicatedtreesmarkedfordestruction.AftershelearnedthetreeswouldbefelledaspartoftheHS2high-speedrailwayworks,shecalledtheHS2helplineandwastoldtherewasnothingthatcouldbedoneasanover-roadwouldbebuilt.Shegetschokeduprememberingthemomentsherealizedmanyofthemweretobecutdown.O’Callaghanlovesthatancientlineofoaks.Theywereplantedinthe19thcentury.“MyfamilyandIwouldpicnicunderthem,”shesays,“climbthem,haveropeswingsonthem.Thetreesareamazingandbeautifulandmeantsomuch.”Oneofthelastphotosofhermother,takenshortlybeforeshedied,wasofhersittinginaswingintheirbranches.Shenoticedthatontheothersideofthelane,tothenorth,therewerenoancientoaks.Soshebegancampaigningtosavethetrees.Withthehelpofherdaughter,Blaize,shestartedapetition(请愿书),whichwentontogetnearly43,000signatures.“Isawsomeonepassionateaboutgivingavoicetothosewhodon’thaveone,someonenotafraidofaskingquestionsandcallingoutlarge,dauntingbusinessesfordoingthewrongthing,”saysherneighbourVictoria.BuckinghamshireCouncilhasgotinvolved,andthefellingispaused.Afinaldecisionhasyettobemadeabouttheproposedover-road.“We’reoptimisticthatthey’llhearourargumentandtaketheecologyofthelaneintoaccount,”saysO’Callaghan.“Wewantthemtoputinagreencrossinginthegapsbetweentrees,forthebats,andwe’dliketheplacetobecomeaconservationarea.Forthetreesandthebats—thisiswhatwearefightingfor!”4.Whatdidtheyellowdotsontheoaksindicate?A.Theseoakswouldbecutdown. B.Thenarrowlanewouldbewidened.C.Rarebatswouldgetprotected. D.Arailwaystationwouldbebuilt.5.WhydoesO’Callaghanhavedeepfeelingsoftheoaks?A.Duetotheoaks’longhistory. B.Duetothenaturalbeauty.C.Duetothepreciousmemories. D.Duetothediversewildlife.6.WhatkindofpersonisO’Callaghan?A.Creative. B.Humorous. C.Generous. D.Enthusiastic.7.WhatisadirectresultofO’Callaghan’sefforts?A.Theecologyisbeingimproved.B.Thefellinghasbeenputoff.C.TheCouncilcanceledtheproposal.D.Theareabecomesareserve.CMorethan3/4oftheSoutheastAsiapopulationisagriculture-based.Twiceasmuchfishisconsumedinthisareacomparedtootherformsofanimalprotein,reflectingthelongcoastlinesandriverenvironmentsofSoutheastAsia.Thestaplefood(主粮)throughouttheareaisrice,whichhasbeenplantedforthousandsofyears.Riceservesasthebasicstaplefoodformorethanhalfoftheworld’spopulationtoday.InAsia,therearedifferentstylesofeatingfood.InIndiaandtheMiddleEast,aswellasSoutheastAsia,peopleeatfoodwiththeirhands.Itisaverydirectwaytoexperiencethetexture(口感)ofthefood,andpeoplenormallywashtheirhandsbeforeandaftereachmeal.Normally,onlytherighthandisused,sothatoneknowstokeepitespeciallyclean.Generally,thefoodstobeeatenareplacedonplatesinthecenterofthematortable,andpeopletakefoodinsmallportions(一份)astheyeat.TheexceptiontothispatternisVietnam,wheretheinfluenceofChinawasmuchstrongerthananywhereelseinSoutheastAsia.Here,eachpersonhaschopsticks,andfoodisservedanddividedamongpeopleontoindividualplatesorintoindividualbowls.AsimilarpatternisfoundinotherAsiancountrieswhereChineseinfluencewasespeciallystrong,e.g.Japan,Koreaandsoon.TheinfluenceofWesternculturesisfoundnotonlyintheuseoftablesandchairsinmanymodernSoutheastAsianhouseholds,butalsointheuseofspoonsandforks.Knivesarenotnecessary,sincemeatandvegetablesarecutintosmallerportionsbeforecookingorserving.Alargespoonisheldintherighthand,whilethelefthandisusedtoshovelfoodintothespoon.8.Whatcanbeknownfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.MostoftheAsiansliveinthecities.B.MostpeopleeatfoodwiththeirhandsthroughoutAsia.C.Riceservesasthenon-staplefoodinmostareasinSoutheast.D.SoutheastAsianseatmorefishthanotherformsofanimalprotein.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Thefood. B.Themeal.C.Therighthand. D.Thetextureofthefood.10.InwhataspectisVietnamanexception?A.Peoplethereeatwiththeirhands.B.Peopletakefoodfromplateswithchopsticks.C.Foodisservedandsharedintoalargeplateorbowl.D.JapaneseinfluenceisseenmorethanChineseinfluence.11.Whatismainlydiscussedinthelastparagraph?A.FoodcultureinWesterncountries. B.Theadoptionofmetaleatingtools.C.Theintroductionofseatingfurniture. D.ChangescausedbyWesterncultures.DAlargeamountofgreatscientificdiscoveriesisnotactuallydiscoveredbutborrowed.Thatwasthecasewhenscientistsdiscoveredproteinsfromanunlikelylender:greenalgae(绿藻),whosecellsaremodifiedwithproteinsthatcansenselight.Thelight-sensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneurons(神经元)byprovidingawaytoturnthemonandoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaughttheattentionofbrainscientists:Nervecellswhichweregeneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbecomelight-controlled.Aflashoflightcouldcauseaquietneurontosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent.“Thisisthelightsensorthatweneeded,”saysZhuo-HuaPan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice’seyes.Themethodisnowcalledoptogenetics(光遗传学).InPan’slab,light-responsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamagedeyesight,afindingthathasnowledtoamedicaltestonpeople.Optogenetics’promisewasn’tclearinearlydays,asscientistswerefirstlearninghowtousetheseproteinsinneurons.“Atthattime,nooneexpectedthatthisoptogeneticworkwouldhavesuchahugeimpact,”Pansays.Thealgae’slightsensorshavebeenadoptedforuseincountlessbrainresearchfields.Talia,anotherscientist,usesoptogeneticstostudyconnectionsbetweencellsinthemousebrain.Themethodallowshertocombtherelationshipsbetweencellsthatproduceandrespondtodopamine(多巴胺),whichmighthelpuncoverdetailsaboutmotivationandlearning.Sofar,optogeneticsresearchhastakenplacemostlyinmice.Butfindingsintomorecomplexbrainslikehumanbrainmaysoonbeconfirmed.“Wearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciplesofthehumanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,”saysYasmineofColumbiaUniversity.Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforeverinthealgae’sdebt.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theoriginofneurons. B.Thevarietiesofneurons.C.Thediscoveryofgreenalgae. D.Theinspirationfromgreenalgae.13.WhatcanwelearnfromPan’sresearch?A.Thefindingsareusedtocurebraindiseases.B.Impairedeyesightislikelytoberestored.C.Relationshipsbetweencellshavebeenfound.D.Thelight-sensingproteinisthekeytothebrain.14.What’sYasmine’sattitudetowardsthefutureofherresearch?A.Confident. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Unclear.15.Whichsectionisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Health. B.Botany. C.Figure. D.Invention.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MinorCold:AsugaryfeasttogetthroughthefreezingwinterMinorCold,or“Xiaohan”inChinese,isthe23rdofthe24solartermsintheChineselunarcalendar____16____We’veoutlinedbelowhowpeopledealwiththeMinorColdanditssignificanceinChineseculture.Whydopeopleeateighttreasuresricepudding?Eighttreasuresricepuddingor“babaofan”inMandarinisaspecialsweetricedishenjoyedduringMinorColdandChineseNewYeardinner.InChinese,thenumbereightispronouncedas“ba”,whichissimilar