浙江省温州市永嘉县瓯北一中2023-2024学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷（含答案）

第第页浙江省温州市永嘉县瓯北一中2023-2024学年九年级上学期期中英语试卷一、完形填空（本题有15小题，每小题1分，共15分）完形填空ThoughIwasnine,Mumletmeridethebusalone.Oneday,aboywholookeddirty1．hereatthestopafterthebusstoppedcompletely.Handshidinhisjeanjacketpockets.Hedidn'tbring2．outtopayhisfare*.HespoketothedriversolowthatIcouldn'thear.Andthenthedriverwavedattheboyandaskedhimtositdown.Rightbehindme,Iheardaman'swhisper,"Peoplelivingnearbyneverhavethemoney.Theyalwaysexpecta3．rideSobad!"Ilookedaroundmyseatquickly.Isawtheboyduckhishead,standingatthebackofthebus.Iknewthat4．Iknowaboutbeingstabbed*withbadwords,becausemyDaddyisblack.Ireacheddeepinmypocketfortheplasticbaggiethatheldthe5．.Thedriverglared*atme6．wasoutofmyseatwhilethebuswasmoving.Iwhispered,"Forthatone.Inthe7．."Thedriverlookedatmeandthentoldmetogobacktomyseat,WhenIsatdown,Iheard,"Don'texpecttheboytobethankful."Thatwasnot8．Ididit.Iwasn'teventhinkingaboutthat.Don'tanyofthemknowhowitfeelstohaveemptypockets?Myfamilyusedtoallthetime,tillDaddygotanewjob.9．weekslater,IgotonthebuslikeusualIstoodatthefarebox,digginginmypocketsformyplasticbaggieofmoney.Itwas10．!OnlythenIrememberedAmeliaandIhadspentitall.Iforgottosavesomeforthebus.Ilookedatthedriver11．."Ican'tpay,"Iwhispered.Hisvoicewassurprisinglysoftandfull."Youalreadydid.Thesmallestbutwarmestsmileintheworldspreadonhisface.He12．tosuggestIshouldsitdown.Ilookedatthebackofthedriver'sheadasI13．thattwoweeksagohehadbrokentherulesbylettingtheboyridewithoutpaying.Asimilarsmallbutheartfeltandthankful14．gatheredonmyownface.Fromthenon,I15．carriedtwofaresworthofmoneyinmypocket.1．A．gotoff B．gotinto C．goton D．gotout2．A．it B．them C．him D．her3．A．cheap B．expensive C．quick D．free4．A．feeling B．opinion C．question D．answer5．A．pictures B．stamps C．keys D．money6．A．but B．so C．because D．though7．A．font B．back C．middle D．end8．A．where B．why C．how D．what9．A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five10．A．ll B．silent C．noisy D．empty11．A．angrily B．happily C．helplessly D．hopefully12．A．nodded B．shook C．jumped D．shouted13．A．forgot B．believed C．wondered D．remembered14．A．voice B．smile C．word D．letter15．A．always B．hardly C．sometimes D．never二、阅读理解（本题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。阅读理解Thesedays，wehavereceivedmanyreaders'emailssharingandintroducingspecialholidaysintheirowncountry.Herearesomeofthem.I'dliketointroduceaspecialholidayinSouthKorea.It'scalledChuseok，andittakesplacearoundSeptembereachyear.It'sakindoffallharvestfestival.Wegettoeatsongpyeononthatday，whichisatypeofricecake.It'sintheshapeofahalf﹣moon.Therecanbemanydifferentflavorsdependingonwhat'sinside.Jaehyun，14，SouthKoreaManyholidaysinAustraliahavesomethingtodowithreligion，suchasEasterandChristmas.YoumaybesurprisedthatwehaveadayoffforValentine'sDay.It'sonFeb14.Althoughsomepeoplemaycelebrateitinaromanticway，suchasbysendingcards，mostpeoplejustchoosetorest.Wemayalsogoshoppingbecausetheseasonischanging.Kitty，12，AustraliaInEngland，thereareusuallyeightbankholidayseachyear.However，thisyearthereareninebecauseofKingCharlesⅢ'scoronation.Atfirst，suchasChristmasandEaster.OthersmaycelebratetraditionsinEngland，likeMay1，whichisMayDay.Wecelebratethebeginningofsummerandtheeffortsofworkersonthatday.OliviaHouse，12，UK16．____isakindoffallharvestfestivalinSouthKorea.A．Easter B．MayDay C．Chuseok D．Christmas17．HowmanybankholidaysarethereinEnglandthisyear？A．Seven. B．Eight. C．Nine D．Ten18．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext？A．PeoplecanonlytasteonekindofSongpyeon.B．AustralianpeoplecanrestonValentine'sDay.C．ChuseokusuallyfallsaroundAugusteveryyear.D．EasterisusedtocelebratetraditionsinEngland.阅读理解TheHorsetailFallisoneofYosemiteNationalPark'smostwonderfulviews.AroundthesecondweekofFebruary，thesettingsunhitstheHorsetailFallatjusttherightangletolighttheupperpartsofthewaterfall.Andwhenconditionsareright，theHorsetailFallbecomesorangeandredatsunset.Itislikered﹣hotlavapouringdownfromthetopoftheElCapitan.So，itgotthename"firefall".Thefirefallisaperfectmatchoftheweather，thefall，thetimeandthewatchingplace.Itusuallyappearsondry，anditturnsintowateronwarmafternoons.ThesungoestothebestplacebeforethefallinlateFebruary.Andthebesttimetowatchthefallis5to15minutesbeforethesunset.Onlyatthistimecanvisitorsseethefirefall.TheElCapitanPicnicAreaistheplacetowatch，becauseitisclosetothefallandisperfecttosetupcamerasandtents.EveryyearinFebruary，thousandsofphotographerscometowatchthefirefall.Althoughtheviewmayappearjustminutesbeforesunset，manyofthemhavetocomehoursearliertogetarightplacetosettheircamerasintime."I'mjustsayingthatYosemiteFirefallissomethingyoudon'twanttomissduringthewinter，atravellerandtheleadcontentcreatorfor.19．Paragraph1mainlytalksabout____.A．whenwecanseethefirefallB．howthefirefallgotitsnameC．whereYosemiteNationalParkisD．howmanytouristsvisitthefirefall20．WhenmaytravellersseetheHorsetailFalllikered﹣hotlava？A．InFebruary. B．InJuly. C．InOctober. D．InDecember.21．Fromthelastparagraph，KateMooreagreesthat____.A．thefirefalljustbringsuslittlesurpriseB．thefirefallisacommonnaturalwonderC．it'sreallydangeroustowatchthefirefallD．thefirefallisawonderfulplacetowatch22．What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？A．AnWonderfulNationalParkB．AGreatSceneryWorthVisitingC．APlacetoWatchRed﹣hotLavaD．AWorld﹣famousMan﹣madeWonder阅读理解Atthisverymomentaroundtheworld，athletesaresteppingalmostnakedintofreezingcoldchambers.Whyoneartharetheydoingthis？Becauseit'ssupposedtohelpthemfeelbetter.Thetreatmentiscalledwhole﹣bodycryotherapy.BasketballstarLeBronJames，soccergreatCristianoRonaldo，andboxingchampionFloydMayweatherJr.Havealltriedit.Thetreatmentworkslikethis.Youtakeoffeverythingbutyourunderwear.Thenyouputonwarmsocksandglovesandstepintoachamberthatlookssortoflikeashower，aircooledtobelow﹣129℃fillsthechamber.Youstayinfortwotothreeminutes.It'sbelievedthatthecoldairhelpsmusclesrecoverfasterandreducesotherbodypain.Afterhisfirstcryotherapysessions，PhilMacKenzie，aprofessionalrugbyplayer，"Ican'tbelieveit!Ifeltprettygoodrightawayandmysleepwasbetteraswell."Soon，hewasusingthechamberfourtimesaweek.Thosewhopromotecryotherapymakeallsortsofwildclaimsaboutitsadvantages.Supposedly，improveskintone，makeyouhappier，slowaging，andmuchmore.Severalsmallscientificstudieshavelookedatwhetherthetreatmentcanimprovemusclerecoveryafterexercise，withencouragingresults.However，therejustisn'tenoughevidencetoshowthatthetreatmentworks.Thebenefitssomepeopleexperiencesmayjustbetheplaceboeffect.That'swhenapatient'sexpectationthatatreatmentwillworkleadstoanimprovement.TheUSFood&DrugAdministrationhasactuallyissuedawarningaboutwhole﹣bodycryotherapy.Itwarnsthatliquidnitrogenusedtocoolthechambermaymakeitdifficulttobreathe.Frostbiteisanotherpotentialrisk，whichiswhyweshouldwearglovesandsocks.Whatdoyouthink？Isachanceforabetterathleticperformanceworththerisk？23．ThewritermentionsseveralsportsstarsinParagraph2toshow____.A．cryotherapyisactuallyagoodwaytohelpusfeelbetterB．cryotherapyisonlygoodforthosewell﹣knownsportsmenC．mostsportsstarsliketakingashowerinfreezingconditionsD．commonpeoplehavenomoneytotrythiskindoftreatment24．HowdoesPhilMacKenzieprobablyfeelaboutthetreatment？A．Interested. B．Unhappy. C．Worried. D．Excited.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"recover"inParagraph3mean？A．becomeclean B．improveskinC．feelwellagain D．sufferfrompain26．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthecryotherapy？A．Wehavetostayinthechamberfortwotofourminutes.B．Cryotherapymakeitdifficulttohelpusincreasefocus.C．Thereisenoughevidencetoshowthetreatmentworks.D．Putonwarmglovesandsocksinordertoavoidbeinghurt.阅读理解CharlesDarwin（1809–1882）wasanEnglishnaturalscientistwholaiddownaframeworkforthetheoryofevolution—showinghowmanevolvedfromlowerlifeforms.EarlyyearsCharlesDarwinwasoneofthesixchildrenfromabigfamily.HisgrandfatherandfatherweredoctorsandtheyoungDarwinwenttoEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.However，hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor.HethenwenttoCambridgeUniversityanddiscoveredthathehadagreatinterestinstudyingplants，insectsandanimals.Luckily，oneofDarwin'suniversityteachershelpedhimjointheperfecttripforabiologist：avoyagearoundtheworldtostudynature.TheBeagleIn1831，CharlesDarwinleftPlymouthonTheBeagle，ashipthattookhimaroundtheworldforfiveyears.Whilehewastravelling，Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor.DownhouseAthomeatDownHouse，aplacethatyoucanstillvisittoday，Darwinwrotemanyarticlesandbooksabouthistravels，wherehewrote250，000wordsabouthistheoryofevolution，whenanotherscientiststartedtowriteaboutsimilarideas，Darwindecidedtoprinthisbook，OntheOriginofSpecies.MostscientistsacceptedDarwin'stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday.On12thFebruary，thedayhewasborn，DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld.27．WhatcausedDarwintogiveuphisstudyofmedicine？A．Hedidnotliketoseeblood.B．Hecouldnotbeagooddoctor.C．Hewaspushedtogiveupbyhisfamily.D．Hewasadvisedtostudynaturalscience.28．WhywasthetriponTheBeagleimportanttoDarwin？A．Ithelpedhimtofinishhisstudyattheuniversity.B．Itallowedhimtochangehismindabouthisfuture.C．Itgavehimideasaboutthebeginningsofhumanlife.D．Itgothimtocompletehismostfamousbookontheship.29．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninDarwin'slife？a.HearrivedbackinBritainin1836.b.Hethoughtthepublicwouldnotsupporthisideas.c.Hebecameinterestedinstudyingthenaturalworld.d.Heprintedhisfamousbook，OntheOriginofSpecies.e.Hereceivedhelptogetaplaceonatriparoundtheworld.f.Hestudiedtheplantsandanimalsontheislandshevisited.A．e→f→c→a→b→d B．c→e→f→a→b→dC．e→f→a→c→d→b D．c→e→f→d→a→b30．What'sthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph？A．TointroduceDarwin'sfamousbook.B．TotellhowpeoplecelebrateDarwinDay.C．ToexplainwhypeopleacceptDarwin'sideas.D．ToshowDarwin'sinfluenceonnaturalscience.三、语法填空阅读下面短文，根据句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或者用括号中词语的正确形式填空。阅读下面短文，根据句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或者用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Philip，aboyfromUS，isoneof31．（brave）boysIhaveknown.Allofhisfriendsandfamilyareveryproudof32．（he）.Ten﹣year﹣oldPhilipwasbornwith33．illness，whichmeansthatheisalwaysbreakinghisbones.Philiplovesplayingsports，34．heisinsuchadifficultcondition.InJanuarylastyear，hestartedwheelchairracing.Hecame35．（two）inhisfirstrace，andsincethenPhilip36．（win）everyotherrace!Inordertolook37．anewchallenge，PhilipwantedtotakepartintheLondonWheelchairMarathon.Unluckily，five38．（day）beforetherace，Philipgotsick.Hedidn'twanttogiveup.Hefinallydecided39．（take）partinit.Henotonlycompletedit，butalsofinishedinthefirstplace!Philipisbraveandnevergivesup.That's40．heistheBravestChildoftheMonth.四、词汇运用用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。simple，we，order，dig，below41．Mikewasboredwithhisparents'，sohewishedhecouldbealoneathome.42．WhileIpotatoes，UncleLicametoseeme.43．Pleasewriteyourfullnameandaddress.44．Howcanweprotect？45．Afterhisparentscamehome，Johnunderstoodthatbeinghomealonewasnot.根据短文内容和所给中文提示，写出空白处各单词的正确形式。Itisanicewinterday.Thesunis46．（照耀）brightlyinthesky.Thetreesandflowersarecoveredwithsnowjustlikewearinga47．（银色的）coat.EveryoneishappybecausetheChristmas）48．（度假旺季）iscominginDecember，the49．（第十二）monthoftheyear.Theycan'twaittogoouttothestreet.Theylookatthedifferent50．（招牌）infrontoftheshopstofindsomethingtheywant.Childrenarerunningandsingingonthestreethappilywithcolorful51．（旗）.However，anoldmancalledDavidisunhappy.Heisa52．（加拿大人的）andnowhelivesaloneinUS.Lastyear，hepreparedand53．（摆放）somebiscuitsandcandiesonthetabletowelcomethechildrenaroundhere，butthisyearheissickandhe54．（意识到）hecan'tcontinuetodothat.Tohissurprise，thechildrenmakea55．（乐队）tocelebratethefestivalforhim.Davidissomoved.Friendsgettogetherandsingsongshappily.TheydothisforfunandbringthespiritofChristmastothepeopleinthehouse.五、任务型阅读（本题共有5小题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面的材料，请从A—F选项中选出符合小题的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余选项。I'mJack，astudentfromEngland.Idon'tsleepwell，whichleadstotheresultthatIalwayswakeupseveraltimesduringthenight.Yesterday，Iaskedadoctorforadvice.Andhereishisadvice.56．Gotobedatthesametimeeverynight.Trynottobreakthishabitonweekendswhenyoumaybemadetostayuplate.Wakeupatthesametimeeveryday.Ifyou'regettingenoughsleep，youshouldwakeupnaturallywithoutanalarm.57．Don'tplayonthecomputerforhalfanhourbeforeyoudecidetosleep.Studiesshowthatitisbadforthequalityofyoursleep.Readabookorlistentosomelightmusictoprepareyourbodyforsleeping.58．Acleanenvironmenthelpspeopletobehappyandrelaxed.Makesurethatyouhaveturnedoffalllightsthatmightcomeintoyourroom，andthatthetemperatureiscomfortable.59．Exercisingwillhelpyoutofallasleepmoreeasily.Sowalkoutfor45minuteseverydayandyouwillsleepbetteratnight.Butdon'tdoitjustbeforeyougotobedbecauseyouwon'tbeabletosleep.60．Don'teattoomuchforsupper.Afullstomachmaymakeitmuchharderforyoutosleep.A.Haveanicebedroom.B.Eatproperly.C.Havegoodsleephabits.D.Turnoffyourcomputer.E.Listentoclassicalmusic.F.Exerciseoften.六、书面表达（本题有1小题，共20分）61．假设你是校Problem-solving.Box（解忧杂货铺）的学生负责人李华，以下是学生Betty发给你的一封电子邮件，请你根据该邮件内容给Betty回一封信。From：BettyTo：LiHuaSubject：Pleasehelpme!HiLiHua，Myparentshavetoleavemealoneathomefortwoweeks.I'mafraidIcan'tlookaftermyselfwell.AndI'malsoworriedIwilloverusemyphone.WhatshouldIdo？Canyougivemesomeadvice？I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.要求：①文中不能出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息；②字数：110词左右（开头、结尾已给出，不计入词数）。DearBetty，I'msorrytohearthatyouhavetostayathomealone.……Yours，LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．C；2．B；3．D；4．A；5．D；6．C；7．B；8．B；9．A；10．D；11．C；12．A；13．D；14．B；15．A【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文讲述九岁的"我"独自坐公交车时，看到一个没钱付车费的男孩被人议论，因感同身受（父亲是黑人常遭歧视）而帮男孩付了车费；两周后"我"因花光钱无法付车费，司机却以"你早已付过（善意）"为由让"我"免费乘车，此后"我"总是准备两份车费，传递善意的故事。【点评】考查完形填空。解题时需围绕"善意传递"的主线，结合上下文语义逻辑（如人物处境、情感变化）修正不合理答案，通过人物对话和动作把握情节，注重对"感同身受"和"善意循环"主题的理解。1．句意：一天，公交车在车站完全停下来后，一个看起来很脏的男孩上了车。A.下车；B.进入；C.上车；D.出去。根据Hedidn'tbring...outtopayhisfare.(他没有拿出付车费。)可知，一个男孩上了车，上公交车用geton,getinto用于上轿车。故选C。2．句意：他没有把它们拿出来付车费。A.它；B.它们；C.他；D.她。根据Handshidinhisjeanjacketpockets.(手藏在他的牛仔夹克口袋里。)可知，他没有把手拿出来付车费，此处的代词指代hands，故选B。3．句意：他们总是希望免费搭车。A.便宜的；B.昂贵的；C.快速的；D.免费的。根据Peoplelivingnearbyneverhavethemoney.(住在这附近的人从来没有钱。)可知，他们希望免费搭车。故选D。4．句意：我知道这种感觉。A.感觉；B.观点；C.问题；D.回答。根据1sawtheboyduckhishead,standingatthebackofthebus.(我看见那个男孩低着头站在公交车的后面。)可知，男孩被人在背后议论，我知道他此时的感受。故选A。5．句意：我把手伸进口袋深处，伸手去拿装钱的塑料袋。A.画；B.邮票；C.钥匙；D.钱。根据Iwhispered,"Forthatone.."(我低声说："为那个。.")和Don'texpecttheboytobethankful（别指望那个男孩会感激),可知我拿钱为男孩付车费。故选D。6．句意：司机看了我一眼，因为我在公交车启动的时候离开座位。A.但是；B.所以；C.因为；D.虽然。根据Thedriverglaredatme...lwasoutofmyseatwhilethebuswasmoving.(司机看了我一眼。…我在公交车启动的时候离开座位。)可知前后是因果关系，前果后因。故选C。7．句意：为后面的那个。A.前面；B.后面；C.中间；D.结尾。根据Isawtheboyduckhishead,standingatthebackofthebus.(我看见那个男孩低着头站在公交车的后面。)可知，是为后面的那个男孩付车费。故选B。8．句意：但那不是我这样做的原因。A.哪里；B.为什么；C.如何；D.什么。根据Don'texpecttheboytobethankful（别指望那个男孩会感激),可知我为他付车费不是为了要他感激我，即那不是我为他付车费的原因。故选B9．句意：两周后，我像平常一样上了公交车。A.二；B.三；C.四；D.五。根据后文twoweeksagohehadbrokentherulesbylettingtheboyridewithoutpaying(两周前他违反了规定，让男孩免费乘车。)可知，此时是两周后。故选A。10．句意：它是空的!A.满的；B.沉默的；C.嘈杂的；D.空的。根据OnlythenlrememberedAmeliaandIhadspentitall.（就在这时我才记起Amelia和我把它花完了。)可知，没有钱付车费，装钱的塑料袋是空的。故选D11．句意：我无助地看着司机。A.气愤地；B.快乐地；C.无助地；D.充满希望地。根据Iforgottosavesomeforthebus.(我忘了留一些坐公交车用。)可知，我没钱付车费，无助地看着司机。故选C。12．句意：他点头建议我坐下。A.点头；B.摇头；C.跳；D.喊叫。根据suggestshouldsitdown(建议我坐下),可知是点头。故选A。13．句意：我看着司机的后脑勺，我记得到两周前他违反了规定，让男孩免费乘车。A.忘记；B.相信；C.想知道；D.记得。根据twoweeksagohehadbrokentherulesbylettingtheboyridewithoutpaying(两周前他违反了规定，让男孩免费乘车。)可知，我记起了两周前发生的事。故选D。14．句意：一个类似的小的，但发自内心的感激的微笑聚集在我自己的脸上。A.声音；B.微笑；C.语言；D.字母。根据gatheredonmyownface(聚集在我自己的脸上),可知是感激的微笑。故选B。15．句意：从那时起，我总是在口袋里揣着付两张票的钱。A.总是；B.几乎不；C.有时；D.从不。根据heartfeltandthankfulsmile(发自内心的感激的微笑),可知我体会到了人与人之间互相帮助的快乐，所以总是带着付两张票的钱。故选A。【答案】16．C17．C18．B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章展示了三位来自不同国家（韩国、澳大利亚、英国）的读者邮件，分别介绍了各自国家的特别节日，包括韩国的秋夕、澳大利亚的情人节、英国的银行假日等。【点评】考查阅读理解。做细节理解题时，需从文中找到与题目对应的关键语句，逐一核对选项，排除与原文不符的内容，确保答案准确。16．细节理解题。根据文中语句"I'dliketointroduceaspecialholidayinSouthKorea.It'scalledChuseok,andittakesplacearoundSeptembereachyear.It'sakindoffallharvestfestival."可知，韩国的秋夕（Chuseok）是一种秋收节日，故答案为C。17．细节理解题。根据文中语句"InEngland，thereareusuallyeightbankholidayseachyear.However，thisyearthereareninebecauseofKingCharlesⅢ'scoronation."可知，今年英国有9个银行假日，故答案为C。18．细节理解题。根据文中语句"YoumaybesurprisedthatwehaveadayoffforValentine'sDay.It'sonFeb14.Althoughsomepeoplemaycelebrateitinaromanticway,suchasbysendingcards，mostpeoplejustchoosetorest."可知，澳大利亚人在情人节可以休息，故答案为B。【答案】19．B20．A21．D22．B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了优胜美地国家公园的马尾瀑布（"火瀑布"），包括其得名原因（二月日落时阳光照射呈现熔岩般的橙红色）、形成所需的条件（天气、时间、观赏地点等）、最佳观赏时间和地点，以及每年二月吸引众多摄影师和游客前来观赏的情况。

【点评】考查阅读理解。做段落大意题需梳理段落核心内容，提炼主要话题；做细节理解题要定位文中关键语句匹配选项；做标题选择题需结合文章核心描述对象和主旨，排除范围不当、表述错误的选项。19．细节理解题。根据第一段内容，先介绍优胜美地国家公园的马尾瀑布，接着说明每年二月第二周左右日落时瀑布因阳光照射呈现橙红色，像炽热的熔岩，最后提到"itgotthename'firefall'"，可知该段主要讲述"火瀑布"名字的由来，故答案为B。20．细节理解题。根据文中语句"AroundthesecondweekofFebruary...whenconditionsareright，theHorsetailFallbecomesorangeandredatsunset.Itislikered﹣hotlavapouringdown..."可知，旅行者在二月可能看到马尾瀑布像炽热的熔岩，故答案为A。21．细节理解题。根据最后一段KateMoore的话"I'mjustsayingthatYosemiteFirefallissomethingyoudon'twanttomissduringthewinter"可知，她认为火瀑布是很值得一看的绝佳景观，故答案为D。22．标题选择题。文章围绕优胜美地国家公园的"火瀑布"展开，介绍了它的得名原因、观赏时间、观赏地点以及每年吸引众多摄影师和游客前来等内容，核心是突出"火瀑布"这一值得游览的壮丽景观，A选项"一个很棒的国家公园"范围过大，C选项"观赏炽热熔岩的地方"表述不准确（瀑布只是像熔岩），D选项"世界著名的人造奇观"错误（火瀑布是自然景观），故答案为B。【答案】23．A24．D25．C26．D【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了全身冷冻疗法，包括其操作方式（进入-129℃以下的舱室待2-3分钟）、体育明星的尝试案例、人们认为它能带来的好处（肌肉恢复快、减轻疼痛等），同时指出目前缺乏足够科学证据证明其效果，且存在呼吸困难、冻伤等风险，最后引发读者对该疗法风险与收益的思考。

【点评】考查阅读理解。做细节理解题需逐一核对选项与原文信息，排除错误表述；做推理判断题要结合人物言行和态度推断情感；做词义猜测题需联系上下文语境理解词汇含义，确保准确把握文章内容。23．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Becauseit'ssupposedtohelpthemfeelbetter.Thetreatmentiscalledwhole﹣bodycryotherapy.BasketballstarLeBronJames,soccergreatCristianoRonaldo,andboxingchampionFloydMayweatherJr.Havealltriedit."可知，作者在第二段提到几位体育明星，是为了说明全身冷冻疗法确实是一种能帮助人们感觉更好的方法，故答案为A。24．推理判断题。根据文中语句"Afterhisfirstcryotherapysessions，PhilMacKenzie,aprofessionalrugbyplayer,'Ican'tbelieveit!Ifeltprettygoodrightawayandmysleepwasbetteraswell.'Soon，hewasusingthechamberfourtimesaweek."可知，PhilMacKenzie首次尝试冷冻疗法后感觉很好，睡眠也改善了，还每周使用四次，由此可推断他对这种疗法感到很兴奋，故答案为D。25．词义猜测题。根据文中语句"It'sbelievedthatthecoldairhelpsmusclesrecoverfasterandreducesotherbodypain."可知，冷空气能"让肌肉更快恢复"并减轻身体其他疼痛，"recover"结合语境意为"恢复健康；感觉好起来"，与"feelwellagain"意思相近，故答案为C。26．细节理解题。根据文中语句"Frostbiteisanotherpotentialrisk，whichiswhyweshouldwearglovesandsocks."可知，戴温暖的手套和袜子是为了避免冻伤（受伤），该表述正确；A选项"在舱内待2-4分钟"与"Youstayinfortwotothreeminutes"不符；B选项"冷冻疗法难以帮助提高专注力"文中未提及；C选项"有足够证据表明该疗法有效"与"therejustisn'tenoughevidencetoshowthatthetreatmentworks"不符，故答案为D。【答案】27．A28．C29．B30．D【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了英国自然科学家查尔斯・达尔文的生平，包括他早年放弃学医、对自然科学产生兴趣，1831年乘"贝格尔号"环游世界并开始形成进化论思想，在唐屋撰写著作并出版《物种起源》，以及他的理论对后世自然科学的影响。

【点评】考查阅读理解。解题时需根据不同题型定位文中关键信息，细节题和排序题注重提取事件细节与时间线，推理题和段落大意题需结合文本核心内容进行归纳，确保准确理解文章主旨与人物经历。27．细节理解题。根据文中语句"However，hehatedtoseebloodandhesoonrealizedthathecouldn'tbeadoctor."可知，达尔文因为讨厌看到血而放弃学医，故答案为A。28．推理判断题。根据文中语句"Whilehewastravelling，Darwinwasalreadystartingtocreatehisfamoustheorythatalllivingthingshadacommonancestor."可知，"贝格尔号"之旅让达尔文开始创立"所有生物有共同祖先"的理论，这为他研究人类生命起源提供了思路，因此这次旅行对他很重要，故答案为C。29．细节理解题（事件排序题）。根据文章内容，事件顺序为：c达尔文在剑桥大学对研究自然世界产生兴趣；e他在大学老师帮助下获得环游世界的旅行机会；f旅行中研究所到岛屿的动植物；a1831年出发，五年后即1836年回到英国；b回到英国后，因担心公众不支持自己的观点，未急于出版著作；d当另一位科学家提出类似观点时，他才出版《物种起源》，因此正确顺序是c→e→f→a→b→d，故答案为B。30．段落大意题。根据文中语句"MostscientistsacceptedDarwin'stheoryandpeoplecontinuetostudyittoday...DarwinDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldtoencouragemorepeopletostudythenaturalworld."可知，最后一段主要说明达尔文的理论被广泛接受且持续被研究，达尔文日的设立也推动人们研究自然世界，旨在展现达尔文对自然科学的影响，故答案为D。【答案】31．thebravest；32．him；33．an；34．although；35．second；36．haswon；37．for；38．days；39．totake；40．why【解析】【分析】文章大意：讲述了来自美国的十岁男孩菲利普，虽生来患有易骨折的疾病，却热爱运动，积极参与轮椅竞速和马拉松比赛，屡获佳绩，因勇敢且从不放弃，被评为"月度最勇敢儿童"的故事。

【点评】考查语法填空。本题解题需结合菲利普的经历语境，熟练运用形容词最高级、人称代词宾格、不定冠词、让步连词、序数词、现在完成时、固定介词搭配、名词复数、不定式用法及固定句式等语法知识，同时关注句子间的逻辑关系。31．句意：菲利普，一个来自美国的男孩，是我认识的最勇敢的男孩之一。brave，中文含义为"勇敢的"，形容词。根据文中语句"oneof"及"the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数"的固定结构（表示"最……之一"）可知，此处需用brave的最高级thebravest，故答案为thebravest。32．句意：他所有的朋友和家人都为他感到非常骄傲。he，中文含义为"他"，人称代词主格。根据文中语句"areveryproudof"可知，"of"是介词，后接人称代词宾格，he的宾格为him，故答案为him。33．句意：十岁的菲利普生来就有一种疾病，这意味着他总是骨折。根据文中语句"illness"（可数名词单数，发音以元音音素开头）可知，此处表示泛指"一种疾病"，需用不定冠词an，故答案为an。34．句意：菲利普喜欢运动，尽管他处境如此艰难。根据文中语句"Philiplovesplayingsports"及"heisinsuchadifficultcondition"可知，前后句为转折让步关系，需用although引导让步状语从句，although，中文含义为"尽管；虽然"，连词。故答案为although。35．句意：他在第一次比赛中获得了第二名，从那以后，菲利普赢得了其他所有的比赛！two，中文含义为"二"，基数词。根据文中语句"came"及"inhisfirstrace"可知，此处表示比赛名次"第二名"，需用序数词second，故答案为second。36．句意：他在第一次比赛中获得了第二名，从那以后，菲利普赢得了其他所有的比赛！haswon，中文含义为"已经赢得"，现在完成时。根据文中语句"sincethen"（从那以后，是现在完成时的标志）可知，此处需用现在完成时，主语Philip为第三人称单数，助动词用has，win的过去分词为won，故答案为haswon。37．句意：为了寻找新的挑战，菲利普想参加伦敦轮椅马拉松比赛。根据文中语句"look"及"anewchallenge"可知，"lookfor"是固定搭配，表示"寻找"，故答案为for。38．句意：不幸的是，比赛前五天，菲利普生病了。days，中文含义为"天"，可数名词复数。根据文中语句"five"可知，"five"后接可数名词复数，day的复数为days，故答案为days。39．句意：他最终决定参加比赛。take，中文含义为"参加"，动词不定式。根据文中语句"decided"可知，"decidetodosth."是固定用法，表示"决定做某事"，需用不定式形式，故答案为totake。40．句意：这就是他成为"月度最勇敢儿童"的原因。why，中文含义为"为什么；……的原因"，连词。根据文中语句"Philipisbraveandnevergivesup"及"heistheBravestChildoftheMonth"可知，前句是后句的原因，"That'swhy..."是固定句式，表示"这就是……的原因"，故答案为why。【答案】41．orders42．wasdigging43．below44．ourselves45．simple【解析】【分析】simple简单的（形容词）；we我们（人称代词主格）；order命令；吩咐（名词/动词）；dig挖（动词）；below在下方（副词/介词）

【点评】考查选词填空题，解题时需结合语境判断单词含义，同时关注名词复数、动词时态（过去进行时）、反身代词及形容词作表语等语法知识点，确保单词形式符合句子结构和语义要求。41．句意：迈克对父母的吩咐感到厌烦，所以他希望能独自待在家里。根据语句"Mikewasboredwithhisparents'…，sohewishedhecouldbealoneathome."及所给单词的提示可知，此空表示"吩咐、命令"，"order"作"命令、吩咐"讲时为可数名词，父母的"吩咐"通常不止一个，应用复数形式"orders"，故答案为orders。42．句意：当我正在挖土豆时，李叔叔来看我了。根据语句"WhileI…potatoes，UncleLicametoseeme."及所给单词的提示可知，此空表示"挖"，"while"引导的时间状语从句中，常用进行时态，结合主句"came"可知是过去时，所以从句用过去进行时，结构为"was/were+动词-ing"，主语"I"对应"was"，"dig"的现在分词是"digging"，故答案为wasdigging。43．句意：请在下方写下你的全名和地址。根据语句"Pleasewriteyourfullnameandaddress…."及所给单词的提示可知，此空表示"在下方"，"below"是副词，可直接修饰动词"write"，表示书写的位置在下方，符合语境，故答案为below。44．句意：我们如何保护自己？根据语句"Howcanweprotect…？"及所给单词的提示可知，此空表示"我们自己"，主语是"we"，对应的反身代词是"ourselves"，"protectoneself"表示"保护某人自己"，符合句意，故答案为ourselves。45．句意：父母回家后，约翰明白了独自在家并不简单。根据语句"Afterhisparentscamehome，Johnunderstoodthatbeinghomealonewasnot…."及所给单词的提示可知，此空表示"简单的"，"simple"是形容词，在句中作表语，符合"be动词+形容词"的结构，故答案为simple。【答案】46．shining；47．silver；48．season；49．twelfth；50．signs；51．flags；52．Canadian；53．laid；54．realizes；55．band【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文描绘了冬日里人们因圣诞度假旺季将至而开心的场景，同时讲述了独居美国的加拿大人戴维从因生病无法像往年那样招待孩子而难过，到被孩子们组建乐队为他庆祝节日而感动的故事。

【点评】考查单词拼写。解题时需结合中文提示，联系上下文语境，确定单词的词性、单复数、时态等形式，同时注意动词时态变化及序数词的正确使用。46．句意：太阳正在天空中明亮地照耀着。"照耀"，其英文翻译"shine"，动词。根据文中语句"Thesunis...brightlyinthesky"可知，句子用现在进行时，结构为"be+动词-ing"，"shine"的现在分词为"shining"，故答案为shining。47．句意：树木和花朵被雪覆盖，就像穿上了一件银色的外套。"银色的"，其英文翻译"silver"，形容词。根据文中语句"wearinga...coat"可知，此处修饰名词"coat"，用形容词形式，故答案为silver。48．句意：每个人都很高兴，因为12月——一年中的第十二个月份——的圣诞度假旺季就要来了。"度假旺季"，其英文翻译"season"，可数名词。根据文中语句"theChristmas...iscoming"可知，此处特指圣诞度假旺季，用单数形式，故答案为season。49．句意：每个人都很高兴，因为12月——一年中的第十二个月份——的圣诞度假旺季就要来了。"第十二"，其英文翻译"twelfth"，序数词。根据文中语句"December，the...monthoftheyear"可知，此处表示顺序，用序数词，故答案为twelfth。50．句意：他们迫不及待地走到街上，看着商店门前不同的招牌，寻找自己想要的东西。"招牌"，其英文翻译"sign"，可数名词。根据文中语句"thedifferent...infrontoftheshops"可知，"different"后接可数名词复数，"sign"的复数为"signs"，故答案为signs。51．句意：孩子们拿着彩色的旗子，在街上快乐地奔跑、唱歌。"旗"，其英文翻译"flag"，可数名词。根据文中语句"withcolorful..."可知，"colorful"后接可数名词复数，"flag"的复数为"flags"，故答案为flags。52．句意：他是加拿大人，现在独自在美国生活。"加拿大人的"，其英文翻译"Canadian"，形容词（也可作名词表示"加拿大人"）。根据文中语句"Heisa..."可知，此处表示"加拿大人"，用名词形式，"Canadian"作名词时单复数同形，故答案为Canadian。53．句意：去年，他准备了一些饼干和糖果，摆放在桌子上，欢迎周围的孩子，但是今年他生病了，他意识到自己不能再这样做了。"摆放"，其英文翻译"lay"，动词。根据文中语句"Lastyear，hepreparedand...somebiscuits"可知，时态为一般过去时，"lay"的过去式为"laid"，故答案为laid。54．句意：去年，他准备了一些饼干和糖果，摆放在桌子上，欢迎周围的孩子，但是今年他生病了，他意识到自己不能再这样做了。"意识到"，其英文翻译"realize"，动词。根据文中语句"thisyearheissickandhe...hecan'tcontinuetodothat"可知，时态为一般现在时，主语"he"是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式"realizes"，故答案为realizes。55．句意：令他惊讶的是，孩子们组建了一支乐队为他庆祝节日。"乐队"，其英文翻译"band"，可数名词。根据文中语句"the