2025-2026学年陕西省部分学校高一上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省部分学校2025-2026学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOnlineElectrician(电工)TrainingCoursesInaworlddependentonelectricity,climatecontrol,andhouseholdconveniences,qualifiedelectriciansareveryvaluable.TheU.S.DepartmentofLaborexpectselectriciancareerstogrow11%by2033.OuronlineelectriciantrainingcoursesfollowtheNationalElectricCode(NEC)tohelpyoudeveloptheelectricianskillsyouneedforthisfield.Thatincludeselectricalequipmentinstallation(安装)andtoolusage,basicelectricityandbasictheory,andawiderangeofinstallationproceduresforbothresidentialandcommercialproperties.WhattolearnInouronlineclasses,you’lllearntheskillsthatcanhelpyouprepareforasuccessfulcareerinthefield.Yourcoursesinclude:●Electricalfundamentals●Electricalplansanddrawings●Conduits,cables,andconductors●WorkingwithresidentialandsmallcommercialelectricalsystemsSpecialdiscountofferedTomakeyourlearningjourneymoreaffordable,we’reofferingexcitingdiscountsbasedonthenumberofcoursesyouenrollin.Lockinabetterpricenowandgetthetrainingatanytimethatsuitsyou.●20+courses=a5%discount●30+courses=a10%discount●50+courses=a20%discount●100+courses=a40%discountDon’tmissthisopportunitytosavewhilegainingvaluableskillsthatwillsetyouapartinthejobmarket.Youcansignupdirectlythroughourwebsitebyclickinghereorgiveusacallat(123)456-7890!Encourageyourcolleaguestojoinyouandbenefitfromthesegreatofferstogether.1.Whowilltakethecoursesmostprobably?A.Anelectricianwantingtoimprovehisskills.B.Ahighschoolstudentinterestedinelectricity.C.Auniversitygraduatefailinginajobinterview.D.Amanenjoyinginstallingfurnitureforhisneighbors.2.Howcanyougetthecheapestcourses?A.Bycallingat(123)456-7890. B.Bybookingasmanycoursesaspossible.C.Byenrollingwithmorecolleaguestogether. D.Bylockingyourcoursesassoonaspossible.3.What’sthepurposeofthistext?A.Toadvertisefortheonlinetrainingcourses.B.Tohighlightthebenefitsoflearningelectricity.C.Toshowtheshortageofelectriciansinthejobmarket.D.Toencouragepeopletoworkintheelectricalindustry.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在线电工培训课程的相关信息，包括课程的学习内容、提供的特别折扣以及报名方式等，旨在吸引对电工职业感兴趣的人士报名参加。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“OuronlineelectriciantrainingcoursesfollowtheNationalElectricCode(NEC)tohelpyoudeveloptheelectricianskillsyouneedforthisfield.(我们的在线电工培训课程遵循美国国家电气规范(NEC)，帮助你培养该领域所需的电工技能。)”可知，该课程旨在帮助学习者提升电工领域所需技能，因此最可能的受众是“希望提升自身技能的电工”程。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“Specialdiscountoffered”部分的折扣规则“●20+courses=a5%discount●30+courses=a10%discount●50+courses=a20%discount●100+courses=a40%discount(●20门以上课程=九五折；●30门以上课程=九折；●50门以上课程=八折；●100门以上课程=六折)”可知，报名的课程越多，获得的折扣就越大，课程费用也就越便宜。因此，通过尽可能多地预订课程，你可以得到最便宜的课程。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“OuronlineelectriciantrainingcoursesfollowtheNationalElectricCode(NEC)tohelpyoudeveloptheelectricianskillsyouneedforthisfield.(我们的在线电工培训课程遵循美国国家电气规范(NEC)，帮助你培养该领域所需的电工技能。)”以及最后一段“Don’tmissthisopportunitytosavewhilegainingvaluableskillsthatwillsetyouapartinthejobmarket.Youcansignupdirectlythroughourwebsitebyclickinghereorgiveusacallat(123)456-7890!(不要错过这个省钱的机会，同时获得有价值的技能，让你在就业市场上脱颖而出。你可以直接通过我们的网站点击这里注册，或者拨打我们的电话(123)456-7890！)”可知，文章主要介绍了在线电工培训课程的内容、折扣和报名方式，目的是为在线培训课程做广告，吸引潜在学员报名。故选A项。BQuYuan,arenownedpoetandpoliticianinancientChina,livedduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.BornintoagoodfamilyinthestateofChuaround340BC,hewashighlysmartandwell-educatedfromayoungage.QuYuan’searlylifewasfilledwithsuccess.KingHuaiofChurecognizedhistalentandappointed(任命)himasahigh-rankingofficial.QuYuandevotedhimselftomakingChuastrongerandbetterstate.Hegavethekinggoodideastomakethecountry’slawsbetterandhelpthepeople.Healsotriedtoencourageunityamongotherstates.However,hishonestadvicemadesomeofficialsangryandtheytoldthekingliesaboutQuYuan.Slowly,KingHuaibegantodoubtQuYuanandmadehimleavethecapitalcity.Duringhisbanishment,QuYuanwrotepoemstoshowhisloveforChuandhissadnesswhenthecountrywasintrouble.HismostfamouspoemLiSaomixesstoriesabouthistoryandhisownfeelings.It’sveryimportantinChineseliterature.Eventhoughlifewashardforhim,heneverstoppedworryingabouthishomeland.In278BC,whentheQinarmytookthecapitalofChu,QuYuan,heartbrokenandhopeless,jumpedintotheMiluoRiveranddiedonthefifthdayofthefifthlunarmonth.Hisselflesspatriotism(爱国主义)touchedpeopledeeply.Now,peoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalbyhavingdragonboatracesandeatingzongzitorememberhimandwhathehaddoneforthecountry.4.WhatcanweknowaboutQuYuanaccordingtoparagraph1?A.HewasborninafamilyinthestateofQin. B.HewasanofficialintheSpringandAutumnPeriod.C.Heisrecognizedasbothapoetandapolitician. D.Hehadnoeducationalbackgroundinhisearlylife.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“banishment”meaninthethirdparagraph?A.Ahappytimeinthecapital. B.Beingforcedtoleaveaplace.C.Ahigh-rankingpositioninthegovernment. D.Asuccessfullifewithmuchmoney.6.WhatkindofpersonwasQuYuan?A.Dishonestandlazy. B.Smartandpatriotic. C.Cruelandselfish. D.Shyandweak.7.WhydopeoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestival?A.Tocelebratetheharvestseason. B.TorememberQuYuan’sbirthday.C.ToshowtheirloveforQuYuan’spoems. D.TorememberQuYuan’sloveforthecountry.【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国战国时期著名诗人和政治家屈原的生平事迹，包括他的出生背景、早年成就、遭遇流放、诗歌创作以及最终的悲剧结局，并介绍了人们为纪念他而设立的端午节。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“QuYuan,arenownedpoetandpoliticianinancientChina,livedduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.(屈原，中国古代著名的诗人和政治家，生活在战国时期。)”可知，屈原被公认为诗人和政治家。故选C项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Slowly,KingHuaibegantodoubtQuYuanandmadehimleavethecapitalcity.(慢慢地，怀王开始怀疑屈原，并让他离开京城。)”以及第三段中划线词所在句“Duringhisbanishment,QuYuanwrotepoemstoshowhisloveforChuandhissadnesswhenthecountrywasintrouble.(在banishment期间，屈原写诗来表达他对楚国的热爱以及国家陷入困境时他的悲伤。)”可知，屈原被怀王怀疑后被要求离开京城，在离开京城期间他写了很多诗，所以banishment应意为“被迫离开一个地方”。故选B项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“BornintoagoodfamilyinthestateofChuaround340BC,hewashighlysmartandwell-educatedfromayoungage.(屈原大约公元前340年出生于楚国的一个优渥家庭，自幼便极为聪慧且受过良好教育。)”和第三段中“Eventhoughlifewashardforhim,heneverstoppedworryingabouthishomeland.(尽管生活对他来说很艰难，但他从未停止过对祖国的担忧。)”以及第四段中“Hisselflesspatriotism(爱国主义)touchedpeopledeeply.(他无私的爱国主义精神深深打动了人们。)”可知，屈原聪明且爱国。故选B项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hisselflesspatriotism(爱国主义)touchedpeopledeeply.Now,peoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalbyhavingdragonboatracesandeatingzongzitorememberhimandwhathehaddoneforthecountry.(他无私的爱国主义深深打动了人们。现在，人们通过赛龙舟和吃粽子来庆祝端午节，以纪念他和他为国家所做的一切。)”可知，人们庆祝端午节是为了纪念屈原对国家的热爱。故选D项。CMostofusknowthatahealthydietkeepsourbodystrongandfreefromdisease.Butfewpeoplerealizethatdailyfoodchoicescanalsoshapeourmood(心情)andmentalhealth.Eatingcertainfoodsmaymakeusfeelhappierandmorealert,whileotherscanincreasefeelingsofstress,sadnessorconfusion.WolfgangMarxisthedeputydirectoroftheFood&MoodCentreatDeakinUniversityinAustralia.InastudypublishedinTheBMJ,hefoundthatpeoplewhooftenateultra-processed(过度加工的)foods—foodsmademostlyfromindustrialingredients(原料)—andfewnaturalnutrientshada48%higherriskofanxietyanda22%higherriskofdepression(抑郁).Ultra-processedfoodsincludeitemsthatcontainingredientsoradditivesnotnormallyfoundinahomekitchen.Theseadditivesimprovetaste,keepfoodfreshormakecookingfaster.Theyoftencontainextrasalt,sugarandunhealthyfat.Manysoftdrinksandfast-fooditemsalsofallintothisgroup,asdocommonsnackslikeinstantnoodles,hotdogsandpotatochips.Inanotherstudy,researchersfromBritainandtheNetherlandsexaminedthedietsofthirtyvolunteersandusedMRI(核磁共振成像)toscantheirbrains.Theyfoundthatthosewithpoorerdietshadlessgreymatterinthefrontpartofthebrainandanimbalanceincertainbrainchemicals.Boththelossofgreymatterandchemicalimbalancearelinkedtomentalhealthproblems.Thegoodnewsisthatahealthydietmighthelpprotectourminds.TheMediterraneandiet,basedonfreshvegetables,fruits,fishandoliveoil,mayhelpprotectmentalhealth.Areviewofthirteenstudiesreportedlowerratesofdepressionandanxietyinyoungpeoplewhofollowedthisdiet.Atwenty-yearstudyofSwedishwomenagedtwenty-ninetoforty-ninealsofoundthatthosewhostucktothisplanwerelesslikelytodevelopdepressionlater.Thesefindingssuggestthatchoosingnaturalandfreshfoodscansupportbothphysicalandmentalhealth.Tobenefit,wecantrytoeatmorenaturalfoodsandfewerultra-processeditemseveryday.8.WhatdidMarx’sstudyfind?A.Ultra-processedfoodsmakepeoplemoreanxious. B.Dailyvegetableeaterskeepmoodmoresteady.C.Drinkinglotsofwatermakespeoplestressful. D.Avoidingsugaryfoodsensuresbettermentalhealth.9.Whichofthefollowingisafeatureofultra-processedfoods?A.Highnutritionalvalue. B.Extrasaltandsugar. C.Naturalingredients. D.Freshproduce.10.WhatisthebenefitofaMediterranean-styledietaccordingtothetext?A.Increasingingredientintake. B.Gettingadisease-freelife.C.Keepingyoungsignificantly. D.Reducingthechanceofbeinganxious.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Todiscussmoderneatinghabitsandorigins.B.Tocomparedifferenteatingpatternsacrosscultures.C.Todiscussthenutritionalcontentofultra-processedfoods.D.Toexplaindiets’impactonmentalhealth.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了饮食对心理健康的影响。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“InastudypublishedinTheBMJ,hefoundthatpeoplewhooftenateultra-processed(过度加工的)foods—foodsmademostlyfromindustrialingredients(原料)—andfewnaturalnutrientshada48%higherriskofanxietyanda22%higherriskofdepression(抑郁).(在《英国医学杂志》发表的一项研究中，他发现经常食用过度加工食品(主要由工业原料制成且天然营养成分少)的人患焦虑症的风险高出48%，患抑郁症的风险高出22%)”可知，Marx的研究发现，食用超加工食品会令人更加焦虑。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Theyoftencontainextrasalt,sugarandunhealthyfat.Manysoftdrinksandfast-fooditemsalsofallintothisgroup,asdocommonsnackslikeinstantnoodles,hotdogsandpotatochips.(它们通常含有额外的盐、糖和不健康的脂肪。许多软饮料和快餐食品也属于这一类，常见的零食如方便面、热狗和薯片也是如此)”可知，超加工食品的特点通常是含有过多的糖和盐。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“TheMediterraneandiet,basedonfreshvegetables,fruits,fishandoliveoil,mayhelpprotectmentalhealth.Areviewofthirteenstudiesreportedlowerratesofdepressionandanxietyinyoungpeoplewhofollowedthisdiet.Atwenty-yearstudyofSwedishwomenagedtwenty-ninetoforty-ninealsofoundthatthosewhostucktothisplanwerelesslikelytodevelopdepressionlater.(地中海饮食以新鲜蔬菜、水果、鱼类和橄榄油为主，可能有助于维护心理健康。一项对十三项研究的综述表明，遵循这种饮食方式的年轻人患抑郁症和焦虑症的几率更低。一项针对29岁至49岁瑞典女性的长达20年的研究也发现，坚持这种饮食方案的女性日后患抑郁症的可能性更低)”可知，以新鲜蔬菜、水果、鱼类和橄榄油为基础的地中海式饮食有助于人们的心理健康。由此推知，遵循地中海式饮食可以有效降低患焦虑症的风险。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文特别是第一段的“Butfewpeoplerealizethatdailyfoodchoicescanalsoshapeourmood(心情)andmentalhealth.Eatingcertainfoodsmaymakeusfeelhappierandmorealert,whileotherscanincreasefeelingsofstress,sadnessorconfusion.(但很少有人意识到，日常的食物选择也会对我们的情绪和心理健康产生影响。食用某些食物可能会让我们感到更快乐、更清醒，而其他食物则可能会加重我们的压力感、悲伤感或困惑感)”可推知，文章的主要目的是解释饮食对心理健康的影响。故选D。DSomeofusgotoartmuseumsontheweekend.Butwhatifwegotnoart?Thisseemsimpossible,yetalargenumberofmodernartistscalledforit.AndréBretonrepeatedlycalledfortheendofliterature.PietMondrianbelievedthatifwedidabolish(废除)art,noonewouldmissit.Thesepointswerelinkedwithahistoricalmoment,yetit’seasytoseefollowersinourowntime.Manypeoplethoughtsometimesartwasinthewrongway:expensive,inaccessibleandhardtounderstand.Actually,thosepeoplewishednottoabolishcreation,buttobreakartoutofitsframe(框架)sotherewouldbenodifferencesbetweenartandordinaryobjects.Itwasobviousthattheseearlycallsdidn’tachievetheirgoals.Amongseveralideas,AndréBretonsuggestedwalkinginthecityasanewformofpoeticactivity.Butit’sstrugglingtogetawayfromthoughtsofgoalsanddestinations,andcrossingthebusystreethasitsownrisks.Soitcanbeconcludedthatartandlifedon’tmix.Today,peoplewantartsagain.There’smuchtobesaidfortheviewthatartshouldincludebeautifulobjects.Inaworldthatisincreasinglydigital,thepleasuresofstoppingandlookingatsomethingbeautifulhelpusslowdownandrestinthemoment.Butifwethinkthisisallartshouldachieve,we’resayingthatallhumancreationswillbelimitedwithinapictureframe.Althoughtheideaofremovingartisreallyradical(激进的),artshouldn’tbelimitedbyframeseither.Wemighttellourselvesthataneverydayexperience,nomatterhowunusual,canneverbethehighestart—butAndréBretonthoughtitcould.Wemighttellourselvesthatthecolorswepaintonwallsathomecanneverbeart,nomatterhowmuchpleasuretheygiveus—butPietMondrianthoughttheycould.Thevalueofartisaboutgettingfreefromlimitswhilestillpursuingbeauty,andweneedtouseourcreativitytofindartineverydaylife.12.HowdoesAndréBretonsuggestclosingthedistancebetweenartandlife?A.Byabolishingcreatingandshowingart. B.Byviewingeverydayactivitiesasart.C.Bysettingcleargoalsforartcreations. D.Byaddingartparttoordinarylives.13.Whyarebeautifulartworksneededinthedigitalage?A.Tohelppeopleslowdown. B.Toconsiderpublicpreferences.C.Tolimithumancreativity. D.Topresentrichthoughtsandideas.14.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Artshouldbelimitedtobeautifulobjects.B.Everydayexperiencescanneverbeconsideredart.C.Digitaltechnologyhasmadetraditionalartmeaningless.D.Artshouldfindbeautyfromtraditionallimitsandeverydaylife.15.What’sthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsArtReallyImportant? B.WhyArtChangesItsFormC.ShouldWeAbolishArt? D.What’stheFutureofArt?【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了是否应该废除艺术这一话题，通过引用不同艺术家对艺术的看法，分析了废除艺术的原因、早期尝试的失败以及艺术在当今社会的价值，最终强调艺术应突破传统限制，从日常生活中发现美。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Amongseveralideas,AndréBretonsuggestedwalkinginthecityasanewformofpoeticactivity.(在几个想法中，AndréBreton建议将城市漫步作为一种新的诗意活动形式。)”以及最后一段中“Wemighttellourselvesthataneverydayexperience,nomatterhowunusual,canneverbethehighestart—butAndréBretonthoughtitcould.(我们或许会告诉自己，日常体验无论多么不同寻常，都绝不可能成为最高级的艺术——但AndréBreton认为它可以。)”可知，AndréBreton建议将日常活动视为艺术，以此拉近艺术与生活的距离。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Inaworldthatisincreasinglydigital,thepleasuresofstoppingandlookingatsomethingbeautifulhelpusslowdownandrestinthemoment.(在一个日益数字化的世界里，停下来欣赏美好的事物所带来的乐趣，能帮助我们放慢脚步，安享当下。)”可知，在数字时代，美丽的艺术品能让人们停下脚步欣赏，帮助人们慢下来。故选A项。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Althoughtheideaofremovingartisreallyradical(激进的),artshouldn’tbelimitedbyframeseither.(尽管废除艺术的想法确实激进，但艺术也不应该被框架所限制。)”以及“Thevalueofartisaboutgettingfreefromlimitswhilestillpursuingbeauty,andweneedtouseourcreativitytofindartineverydaylife.(艺术的价值在于摆脱限制的同时仍追求美，我们需要用创造力在日常生活中发现艺术。)”可知，最后一段强调艺术不应被框架限制，应在突破局限、追求美的同时，从日常生活中发掘艺术。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇以“如果没有艺术会怎样”引出艺术家呼吁废除艺术的观点，接着分析废除尝试的结果，最后探讨艺术的真正价值，核心围绕“ShouldWeAbolishArt?(我们应该废除艺术吗？)”展开，适宜作为标题使用。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverheardofextremesportsoractionsports?____16____Theyincludeactivitieslikeskydiving,surfing,rockclimbing,bungeejumping,andsnowboarding.Despitethehighchallenge,extremesportshavebecomeincreasinglypopularovertheyears.Butwhydopeopleliketodoextremesports?Oneofthemainreasonswhypeopleengageinextremesportsistheadrenaline(肾上腺素)rushthatcomeswiththem.Ourbodycanreleaseadrenalinewhenit’sunderstressorfacingachallenge.____17____Forsomepeople,theadrenalinerushisaddictive,andtheylongforthefeelingthatcomeswithit.____18____Theyareoftenwillingtotakeextremeriskstosatisfytheirdesirefortheadrenalinerush.However,it’sworthnotingthatnoteveryonewhoengagesinextremesportsisanadrenalineaddict.Manypeopleenjoythethrillofthesesportsbutdon’tnecessarilylongfortherush.Anotherreasonwhypeopleliketodoextremesportsisthesenseofaccomplishment(成就)thatcomeswiththem.____19____Whenpeoplesuccessfullycompleteadifficultandchallengingactivity,theyfeelasenseofaccomplishmentandprideinthemselves.Thisfeelingofachievementcanbeextremelyrewardingandcanmotivatepeopletopushthemselvesevenfurther.____20____Whenpeopleareengagedinthesesports,theyareoftenfullyfocusedontheactivityathand.Thiscanhelpthemforgetabouttheirproblemsandworries.Furthermore,manyextremesportstakeplaceinbeautifulandremotelocations,whichcanprovidepeoplewithasenseofaweandwonderatthenaturalworld.A.Thesepeopleareknownasadrenalineaddicts.B.Theseactivitiescanhelpyoutostopbeingafraid.C.Theprocessoftenmakesthemfeelexcitedandenergetic.D.Theyareactivitiesthatneedahighdegreeofphysicalchallenge.E.Extremesportscanalsoofferpeopleauniqueattitudetowardslife.F.Additionally,extremesportscanhelppeoplefeelfreeandescapestress.G.Extremesportsoftendemandagreatdealofskill,strengthanddetermination.【答案】16.D17.C18.A19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了极限运动的相关信息，包括其定义、人们喜欢参与极限运动的原因等。【16题详析】根据上文“Haveyoueverheardofextremesportsoractionsports?(你听说过极限运动或动作运动吗？)”以及下文“Theyincludeactivitieslikeskydiving,surfing,rockclimbing,bungeejumping,andsnowboarding.(它们包括跳伞、冲浪、攀岩、蹦极和单板滑雪等活动)”可知，此处是对极限运动进行解释说明，D选项“Theyareactivitiesthatneedahighdegreeofphysicalchallenge.(它们是需要高度身体挑战的活动)”是对“极限运动”的定义解释，“They”指代上文“extremesportsoractionsports”，“highdegreeofphysicalchallenge”点明极限运动的核心特征，既回答了上文的疑问，又为下文列举具体项目做铺垫，逻辑连贯。故选D项。【17题详析】根据上文“Ourbodycanreleaseadrenalinewhenit’sunderstressorfacingachallenge.(当我们的身体处于压力或面临挑战时，会释放肾上腺素)”可知，此处应说明释放肾上腺素后的感受，C选项“Theprocessoftenmakesthemfeelexcitedandenergetic.(这个过程常常让他们感到兴奋和精力充沛)”解释了“肾上腺素飙升”带来的具体感受，“Theprocess”指代上文“bodyreleaseadrenaline”的过程，“excitedandenergetic”是肾上腺素作用的直接结果，承接上文说明“追求肾上腺素”的吸引力所在。故选C项。【18题详析】根据上文“Forsomepeople,theadrenalinerushisaddictive,andtheylongforthefeelingthatcomeswithit.(对一些人来说，肾上腺素的激增会让人上瘾，他们渴望随之而来的感觉)”以及下文“Theyareoftenwillingtotakeextremeriskstosatisfytheirdesirefortheadrenalinerush.(他们常常愿意冒极大的风险来满足自己对肾上腺素激增的渴望)可知，空处应“他们”是谁或者哪群人，A选项“Thesepeopleareknownasadrenalineaddicts.(这些人被称为肾上腺素上瘾者)”是对上文“adrenalinerushisaddictive”人群的定义，“Thesepeople”指代上文“somepeople”，“adrenalineaddicts”与下文“they”形成指代衔接，使段落逻辑更清晰。故选A项。【19题详析】根据上文“Anotherreasonwhypeopleliketodoextremesportsisthesenseofaccomplishment(成就)thatcomeswiththem.(人们喜欢做极限运动的另一个原因是它们带来的成就感)”以及下文“Whenpeoplesuccessfullycompleteadifficultandchallengingactivity,theyfeelasenseofaccomplishmentandprideinthemselves.(当人们成功完成一项困难且具有挑战性的活动时，他们会对自己有一种成就感和自豪感)”可知，此处应说明极限运动的特点，G选项“Extremesportsoftendemandagreatdealofskill,strengthanddetermination.(极限运动通常需要大量的技巧、力量和决心)”解释了为什么完成极限运动会有成就感，且与下文“successfullycompleteadifficultandchallengingactivity”相呼应。故选G项。【20题详析】根据下文“Whenpeopleareengagedinthesesports,theyareoftenfullyfocusedontheactivityathand.Thiscanhelpthemforgetabouttheirproblemsandworries.Furthermore,manyextremesportstakeplaceinbeautifulandremotelocations,whichcanprovidepeoplewithasenseofaweandwonderatthenaturalworld.(当人们参与这些运动时，通常会全神贯注于当下的活动。这能帮助他们忘记烦恼和忧虑。此外，许多极限运动在美丽偏远的地方进行，能让人们对自然产生敬畏与惊叹)”可知，此处是说明极限运动的其他好处——摆脱压力，F选项“Additionally,extremesportscanhelppeoplefeelfreeandescapestress.(此外，极限运动可以帮助人们感到自由并摆脱压力)”是对下文内容的核心概括，引出下文对极限运动其他好处的描述。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ithinkweshouldbekindtopeoplearoundusbecausewe’realljusttryingtogetthrougheachday.Beingpoliteandsharingasmile____21____nothing,right?Manyyearsago,Ineededto____22____aheavytruckpartfromacompanyinanothercity.Mycompanyandthiscompanywerebothrecentlyboughtbyanothercompany,butsomejobsneededtobe____23____thousandsofmilesaway.Thefewworkerslefttherewereonly____24____what’sleftofayears-oldbusiness.Youcouldseethe____25____onourfaces.Noonefeltgoodaboutit.Whenarrivingthere,ayoungworkerasked____26____aboutmynameandpurposebeforesigningmeinandfetchingaforklift(叉车).Butthepartwastoolong.“I’llgetlongforks,”hesaidandleft.Twentyminuteslater,hecameback,sorryformylong____27____.“Everythingisamesswiththe____28____—nooneknewwheretheforkswere,”heexplained.WhenI____29____aboutallthemisfortunes(不幸),hesmiledandcomfortedme,saying,“We’realldoinggreat.Keepgoing.”Hissmilewasso____30____thatIcouldn’thelpbutsmileback.Whenwewavedgoodbye,Irealizedthatwhetheritwasakindwordorjustasmile,itcould____31____aperson’sday,evenwhenlifefeelsmessy.WheneverI____32____difficulties,Ialwaysthinkofthatyoungworker.Evenin____33____moments,thereisalwaysaspark(火花)ofhope,Perhaps,by____34____kindness,wecanbecomesparksforothersand____35____eachotherthroughlife’supsanddowns.21.A.cost B.solve C.mean D.prove22.A.design B.collect C.produce D.fix23.A.tested B.compared C.chosen D.finished24.A.showingoff B.burningdown C.turningto D.cleaningup25.A.pride B.confidence C.sadness D.shame26.A.actually B.politely C.secretly D.doubtfully27.A.distance B.conversation C.check D.waiting28.A.shutdown B.comeback C.setup D.takeoff29.A.dreamed B.complained C.heard D.brought30.A.meaningful B.annoying C.nice D.disappointing31.A.change B.explain C.explore D.guess32.A.meet B.discuss C.wonder D.discover33.A.moving B.hidden C.fantastic D.challenging34.A.getting B.observing C.spreading D.promising35.A.teach B.help C.follow D.praise【答案】21.A22.D23.D24.D25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.A33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主张应善待他人，讲述了作者多年前取卡车零件时，面对公司变动的混乱，一位年轻工人仍友善相待，这让作者领悟到善意能温暖他人，也可助彼此度过人生起伏。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：保持礼貌并给予微笑是毫无代价的，对吧？A.cost花费；B.solve解决；C.mean意味着；D.prove证明。根据上文“Beingpoliteandsharingasmile”以及后文“nothing”可知，保持礼貌和给予微笑不需要花费什么，用cost。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多年前，我需要维修一个来自另一座城市某家公司的重型卡车零件。A.design设计；B.collect收集；C.produce产生；D.fix修理。根据后文“aheavytruckpartfromacompanyinanothercity”可知，作者需要修理卡车零件。故选D。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的公司以及这家公司最近都被另一家公司收购了，但有些工作却需要在数千英里之外完成。A.tested测试；B.compared比较；C.chosen选择；D.finished完成。根据上文“aheavytruckpartfromacompanyinanothercity”可知，因为收购，有些工作却需要在数千英里之外完成。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：留在那里的那几位员工只是在清理一家已经经营了多年的企业所遗留下来的残余物。A.showingoff炫耀；B.burningdown烧毁；C.turningto求助于；D.cleaningup清理。根据后文“what’sleftofayears-oldbusiness”可知，那几位员工只是在清理一家已经经营了多年的企业所遗留下来的残余物。故选D。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能从我们脸上看到那深深的悲伤之情。A.pride骄傲；B.confidence自信；C.sadness悲伤；D.shame羞愧。根据后文“Noonefeltgoodaboutit.(没有人对此感到满意)”可知，员工对此感到悲伤。故选C。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：到达那里后，一位年轻的工作人员礼貌地询问了我的姓名和来意，然后为我办理了登记手续并取来了叉车。A.actually实际上；B.politely礼貌地；C.secretly秘密地；D.doubtfully怀疑地。根据后文“aboutmynameandpurpose”以及上文“Beingpolite”可知，一位年轻的工作人员礼貌地询问了作者的姓名以及来意。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：二十分钟后，他回来了，还为我长时间的等待而道歉。A.distance距离；B.conversation对话；C.check检查；D.waiting等待。根据上文“Twentyminuteslater”可知，对方因为让作者等了20分钟道歉。故选D。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“由于这次停业，一切都变得一团糟——没人知道叉车放在哪儿了，”他解释道。A.shutdown停业；B.comeback恢复；C.setup建立；D.takeoff起飞。根据上文“Mycompanyandthiscompanywerebothrecentlyboughtbyanothercompany”可知，这家公司被收购了，由于这次停业，一切都变得一团糟。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我抱怨起所有遭遇的不幸时，他微笑着安慰我说：“我们都很棒啊。继续努力吧。”A.dreamed梦想；B.complained抱怨；C.heard听见；D.brought带来。根据后文“aboutallthemisfortunes(不幸)”可知，作者抱怨遭遇不幸。故选B。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的笑容如此亲切，以至于我也不由自主地回以微笑。A.meaningful有意义的；B.annoying令人生气的；C.nice好的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据后文“Icouldn’thelpbutsmileback”可知，作者报以微笑是因为对方的笑容亲切。故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们挥手道别时，我意识到，无论是一句亲切的话语，还是一次微笑，都能改变一个人的一天，即便在生活看似混乱的时候也是如此。A.change改变；B.explain解释；C.explore探索；D.guess猜测。根据后文“aperson’sday,evenwhenlifefeelsmessy”以及上文“Icouldn’thelpbutsmileback.”可知，是一句亲切的话语、一次微笑可以改变一个人的一天。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我遇到困难时，我总会想起那个年轻的工人。A.meet遇到；B.discuss讨论；C.wonder好奇；D.discover发现。根据宾语“difficulties”可知，指遇到困难。故选A。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在艰难时刻，也总会有希望的火花闪烁。A.moving感人的；B.hidden隐藏的；C.fantastic极好的；D.challenging艰难的。根据上文“difficulties”以及“aboutallthemisfortunes”可知，此处指生活中的艰难时刻，故选D。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：或许，通过传递善良，我们能够成为他人心中的火花，并在生活的起起落落中彼此帮助。A.getting得到；B.observing观察；C.spreading传播；D.promising承诺。根据上文“We’realldoinggreat.Keepgoing”可知，对方向作者传递了善意，改变了作者。故选C。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：或许，通过传递善良，我们能够成为他人心中的火花，并在生活的起起落落中彼此帮助。A.teach教学；B.help帮助；C.follow跟随；D.praise赞美。根据上文“wecanbecomesparksforothers”以及后文“eachotherthroughlife’supsanddowns”可知，我们能够成为他人心中的火花，并在生活的起起落落中彼此帮助。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyou’veeverspenttimeinChinaduringthesummer,youprobablyremember____36____(see)peopleonthestreetswavingtheirhandheldfansinanattempttobeattheheat.However,the____37____(tradition)Chinesefoldingfanisnotjustatoolforcoolingdown.ItisanimportantpartoftheChineseculture____38____history.ThehistoryoftheChinesefandatesback____39____over3,000yearsago,aroundtheShangDynasty.Namedshanhan,oneof____40____earliestknown“fans”,itwasn’tlikethehandheldoneswestillseetoday.Itwastiedtoahorse-drawncarriageandused____41____(protect)passengersfromtherainandblocktheheatofthesun.However,theshanhansoondevelopedintoalong-handledfancalledthezhangshan.Madeofthin,yettough,silkorbirdfeathers,thistypeoffanwasmainlyusedbythe____42____(emperor)honorguardfordecoration.Itwasn’tuntiltheZhouDynastythatpeople____43____(start)usingfoldingfanstocooldown.Fromitshumble____44____(begin)duringtheShangDynastytohavingover500kindsoffansinChinatoday,foldingfanshavestoodthetestoftimeandarestill_____45_____(wide)popularintheworld.【答案】36.seeing37.t