表语从句翻译练习题

表语从句翻译练习题

表语从句

一、定义：

1.表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么

或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短

语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。

EgTheproblemispuzzling.这问题令人困惑

主语连系动词形容词作表语

Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.问题是什

么时候我们可以得到加薪.主语连系动词一个句子作表语表

语从句

2.连接表语从句的连接词有:that,what,who,when,

where,which,why,whether,how.

Hehasbecomeateacher,他已经成为一名教师。

Hehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.他己

经成为了他10年前想成为的。

Shehasremainedthereforanhour,她曾在那里

停留了一个小时。

ShehasremainedwhereIstoodyesterdayforanhour.

她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。

whyhecriedyesterday.昨天他为什么哭。

howIcanpersuadehertojoinusintheparty.我怎么

能说服她力口入我们的派对。whethertheenemyismarching

towardsus.是否敌人正向我们行进.

-一注息：

1.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。

False：Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.

Right：Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.

2.不可以用if,而用whether连接表语从句

问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。

ThescissorsarenotwhatIneed.

这把剪刀不是我所需要的。

WhatItoldhimwasthatIwouldfindhimagoodplay.

我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。

Thatiswhyshefailedtopasstheexam,那就是她考试

不及格的原因。

注意：“Thatiswhy..."是常用句型，意为“这就

是？？的原因/因此?？"，其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作

表语，该句型通常用于针对前面己经说明过的原因进行总结，

又如：Thatiswhyyouseethisoldwomanbeforeyouknow,

Jeanne.0

ThatiswhyIcame.这就是我来的原因。

下面是两个与“Thatiswhy...形式相似的结构，它们

与“Thatiswhy...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚:

“Thatiswhy・,.''与"Thatisthereasonwhy...同

义，只不过从语法结构上讲，“Thatisthereasonwhy...中

why引导的是一个定语从句，将其中的thereason去掉则与

“Thatiswhy...”结构一样，例如：

ThatiswhyIcannotagree.这就是我不能同意的理由。

“Thatisbecause.句型中从属连词because引导的

名词性从句在此作表语，这也是个常用句型，意为“这就是为

什么？？/因为？？“。“Thatis

because...”与"Thatiswhy.之间的不同在于"That

isbecause.v指原因或理由，“Thatiswhy...则指由于各

种原因所造成的后果，例如：

Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehe

hadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.昨天晚上他

没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。

Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnot

seeitlastnight.他以前曾看过那部电影，因此他昨天晚上没

有去看。

例题精析：

[考题1]Thetraditionalviewiswesleepbecause

ourbrainis“programmed"tomakeusdoso.

A.whenB.v/hyC.whetherD.that

［答案］D

A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeel

excitedabout

C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

［答案］A

表语从句与宾语从句的关系

宾语从句和表语从句都属于名词性从句。其作用跟名词

在句中的作用相同。故充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句，充当表语

的句子叫表语从句。

宾语从句

对于宾语从句要掌握以下三点

%1语序：从句的语序必须是陈述句语序，即“主语+谓

语”这种形式。

%1时态：当主句是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，从

句可以是任何时态，而当主句是一般过去时的时候，从句，从

句时态必须是过去时范围的时态，即。

%1连接词：当从句意思完整，主句意思肯定时，连接

词用that,且可以省去，当从句意思完整，主句意思不确定或含

否定含意时，常用if或whether,当从句意思不完整时，连接词

则是代替不完整部分的特殊疑问词。

表语从句

在句子中起表语作用的从句叫做表语从句，位于主句系

动词的后面。表语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词相同。也

是名词性从句的一种。

如：Whatthepolicewanttoknowiswhenyoueedred

theroom警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。

HisHisfirstquestionwaswhetherMr.Smithhad

arrivedyel他的第个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。

注意：从句中的疑问句用正常语序，即陈述语序。

asasif,asthough,because也可用来引导表语从句。

Sheseemsasifshehaddoneagreatthing她看起来好像做

了一件大事。

1.Thequestioniswewillhaveoursports

meetnextweek.

A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether

2.Thereasonwhyhefailedishewastoo

careless.

A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof

3.Goandgetyourcoat.It'syouleft

it

A.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere

4.Theproblemistotaketheplaceof

Ted

A.whocanwegetB.whatwecanget

C.whowecangetD.thatwecanget

5.WhatIwanttoknowishelikesthegift

givenbyus.

A.thatB.ifC.whetherD,不填

6ThereasonisImissedthebus.________

AthatB.whenC.whyD.what

*

7..

Thatiswewerelatelasttime.

A

thatB.whenC.whyD.what

o

°Shelookedsheweretenyears

younger

AthatB.likcC.asD.asthough

9-Ifellsick!

:thinkitis-youaredoingtoomuch.

A.whyB.whenC.whatD.because

10.Thereasonwhyhehasn'tcomeis,

A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother?s

beingill

C.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill

11,-Hewasbornhere.

-Thatishelikestheplacesomuch.A.

thatB.whatC.whyD.how

12.ThatisLuXunoncelived.

A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why

that/what的区别

1.yourfatherwantstoknowisgettingon

withyourstudies.

A.WliaI；howareyouB.ThaI;howyouare

C.How;thatyouareD.What;howyouare

2.Thetroubleisweareshortoftools.

A.whatB.thatC.howD.whythat

3.Americawaswasfirstcalled"India”

byColumbus.

A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhere

4.Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Itisno

longer.

A.whatitusedtobeB.whatitwasusedtobeing

C.whatitusedtobeingD.whatitwasusedtobe

5.hereallymeansishedisagreeswithus.

A.What…thatB.That…what

C.What…whatD.That…what

6.Theenergyismakesthecellsableto

dotheirwork.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such

高考练习

1-1drove:oZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.

-Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?

A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where

.IhadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrellaI

goIweIthrough.

A.Tt'sthereasonB.That'swhyC.There，swhyD.

It，show

3.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswe

didthismorning.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what

4.一Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday，

sgame?

--Oh,that*s.

A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeel

excitedabout

C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

5.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuthe

saidit.

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.theway

which

翻译1他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。2问题是，他什

么时候可以到达酒店。

3那就是我想要对你讲的。困难是我们缺乏资金。这是我

们应当做的。6那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。7那是因为你

吃得太多了。8问题是她昨天为什么哭了那就是她考试不及格

的原因。10我的观点是你们应该努力学习。

答案DBACCACDDCCB

that/what的区别DBAAAC

IWJ考练习ABDAA

Illissuggestionisthatweshouldstaycalm.

2Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.

3ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.TheThetroubleis

thatweareshortoffunds

5ThisThisiswhatweshoulddo

6That〃sswhyIwantyoutoworkthere

Itisbecauseyoueattoomuch

Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.

Thatiswhyshefailedtopasstheexam,10Myideais

thatyoushouldstudyhard.

基本概念

表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态

的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词

的-ing、从句来充当，它常位于系动词之后。如果句子的表语

也是由一个句子充当的，那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语

从句。

系动词

感觉：feel,look,sound,taste,smell

3GTBF:grow,go,get,turn,become,fall

似乎要证明：seem,approve,appear

保持Be定呆：keep,remain,be,slay

考点1：关轶词混选

1.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtismy

motherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.

A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why

2.Whynottryyourluckdowntown,Bob?That'sthe

bestjobsare.

A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

3.Isthiswemetthemlastnight.

A.whereB.placeC.placeinwhichD.placewhich

4.Ithinkitisyou，reeatingtoomuch.

A.thatB.becauseC.thereasonD.for

5.Thetroubleisweareshortofhands.

A.whatB.thatC.howD.which

6.Energyismakesthingswork.

A.whatB.everythingC.somethingD.that

7.Myhometownisnotitusedto

tenyearsago.

A.when,doB.what,doC.what,beD.when,be

8.Thatishefailedtoarriveontime.

A.whereB.whetherC.whyD.when

9.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitarisitcangive

youagreatdealofpleasure.

A.howB.whyC.thatD.when

易错点1：〃Thereasonwhy...isthat…〃

10.Thereasonhedidn，tcometoourparty

washetookamissingboybackhomeonhisway.

A.why,becauseB.why,thatC.that,whyD.that,

that

11.ThereasonIhavetogoismy

motherisillinbed.

A.why,whyB.why,becauseC.why,thatD.that,

because

12.Thereasonwhyshecouldn，tcometothemeeting

wasshehadnotbeeninvited.

A.becauseB.whichC.thatD.iVhy

13.Thereasonnothingonearthis

motionlessistheearthisinconstantmotion.

A.why,thatB.that,whyC.of,thatD.that,because

14.Thereasonwhyhefailedishewastoo

careless.

A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof

15.Thereasonhedidnotjoininthe

trainingwashewasill.

A.that,becauseB.that,whyC.why,howD.why,that

16.Thereasonwhyshecouldn，tcometothemeeting

wasshehadnotbeeninvited.

A.becauseB.whichC.thatD.why

17.Theproolemiswecanfinishthework

withinsuchashorttime.

18.

19.

Thereasonhehasn，tcomeishe

hastolookafterhisfather.A.that,becauseB.why,

becauseC.why,thatD.which,becauseThereasonwhyIplan

togoisshewillbedisappointedifI

don't.A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what

综合练习

一.翻译

1.Theimportantthingis

butnot.重要的是你做什么，而不是说什么。

2.Theproblemis

tothelittleboy.问题是他对那个小男孩做了些什么。

3.Theproblemis__________________________________

.问题在于这部电影是否值得一看。

1.whatyoudo,whatyousay.whathehasdone.

whetherthefilmisworthseeing

二.单项选择

1.Thequestioniswewillhaveoursports

meetnextweek.

A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether

2.Thereasonwhyhefailedishewastoo

careless.

A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof

3.TheproblemistotaketheplaceofTed.

A.whocanwegetB.whatwecanget

C.whowecangetD.thatwecanget

4.WhatIwanttoknowishelikesthegift

givenbyus.

A.thatB.ifC.whetherD,不填

5.ThereasonisImissedthebus.

A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what

6.Thatiswewerelatelasttime.

A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what

7.Shelookedsheweretenyearsyounger.

A.LhalB.likeC.asD.asthough

8.--1fellsick!----1thinkitisyouare

doingtoomuch.

A.whyB.whenC.whatD.because

9.Thereasonwhyhehasn，tccmeis.

A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother?

sbeingill

C.thathismotherisillD.forhismotheris

ill

10.一Hewasbornhere.--------Thatishe

likestheplacesomuch.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how

11.ThatisLuXunoncelived.

A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why

12.yourfatherwantstoknowisgetting

onwithyourstudies.

A.What,howareyouB.That,howyouare

C.How,thatyouareD.What,howyouare

13.Thetroubleisweareshortoftools.

A.whatB.thatC.howD.whythat

14.Americawaswasfirstcalled“India"byColumbus.

A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhere

15.Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Ilisno

longer.

A.whatitusedtobeB.whatitwasusedtobeing

16.hereallymeansishedisagrees

withus.

A.What,thatB.That,whatC.What,whatD.That,

what

17.Theenergyismakesthecellsabletodotheir

work.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such

18.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlast

week.--Isthatyouhadafewdaysoff?

A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where

19.Ihadneitheraraincoatncranumbrella.

Igotwetthrough.

A.It'sthereasonB.That'swhyC.There'swhy

D.It'show

20.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswe

didthismorning.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what

21.一Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'

sgame?Oh,that's.

A.whalmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeel

excitedabout

C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

22.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuthe

saidit.

A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.

thewaywhich

强化单选

1.ThereasonwhyIdidn，tgotoShanghaiwasanew

job.

A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.Igot

D.thatIgot

2.Theproblemishehasenoughtime.

A.ifB.whetherC./D.that

3.Theinfrastructureofacountryismakes

everythingrunsmoothly.

A.howB.whichC.thatD.what

4.Mariahastobaby-sit.That'sshecant

comewithus.

A.whyB.howC.whenD.what

5.Youaresayingthatthefightagainstcyber

crimeslikeuYanzhaoMen〃requiresgreateffort,andthis

isIquileagree.

A.howB.whatC.whereD.why

6.一Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday's

game?Oh,that's.

A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeel

excitedabout

C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

7.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,

andthisisIdisagree.

A.whyB.whereC.whatD.How

8.Seetheflagontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswe

didthismorning.

AwhenB.whichC.whereD.what

9.Inhisspeech,PremierWenJiabaopointsoutthat

creativityisittakestokeepanationhighlycompetitive.

A.howB.whatC.whichD.that

10.Thequestionisyoushoulddonext.

A.whatB.thatC.howD.why

11.Thequestionheaskedwasthe

electricalequipmentshouldbestored.

A.whatB.whichC.whereD.because

12.Goandgetyourcoat.It'syouleftit.

A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere

13.Themountainisnolongeritusedtobe.

A.whichB.thatC.asD.what

14.Thepointiswewillhaveoursportsmeetingnext

week.

A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether

15.Hegotthehighestmarksintheexam.Itwasall

hehasworkedtoohard.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

29.

30.

31.

32.

33.

34.

35.

36.

37.

38.

Theproblemishehasenoughtime.A.if

B.whetherC./D.that-------Irangyouataboutten,

buttherewasnoreply.-------Oh,thatwasprobably

Iwasseeingthedoctor.A.whenB.whyC.whatD.thatMaria

hastobaby-sit.That'sshecan，tcomewithus.A.whyB.

howC.whenD.whatThatis

papercameintouseinChina.A.howB.that

C.whatD.whichSeetheflagsontopofthebuilding?

Thatwaswedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.

WhatGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisno

longeritwasOyearsago,

itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what,whenB.that,whichC.

whaI,whichD.which,LhalThisisLhe

shenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.

whenalltheinventionshaveincommon

istheyhavesucceeded.A.What,whatB.That,thatC.what,

thatD.That,whatmovedusmost

washelikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwenty

years.A.That,thatB.What,thatC.What,what

D.That,whatWhetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollution

ornotisjustworriesthepublic.A.

whyB.whichC.thatD.whatThatisIwasborn

andgrewup.A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplaceHave

youfoundyourbookyetNo,I'mnotsure

Icouldhaveleftit.A.whetherB.whereC.when

D.whyworriesmeiswe'regoingtopay

forallthis.A.It,thatB.That,howC.What,howD.As,

thatIamsurehesaidistrue.A.that

B.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhatWhytheexplosion

occurredwasthelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.

forB.becauseC.sinceD.thatsurprisedmemostwassuch

alittleboyofseven

couldplaytheviolinsowell.A.That...whatB.What...

thatC.That...whichD.What...whichThecityisno

longer.A.whaIiLisB.IhaIiIusedLobeC.whichiIwas

D.whatitusedtobeIsthiswemeteachothertwoyears

agoA.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhichhe

reallymeansishedisagreeswithus.A.What,thatB.That,

whatC.Why,thatD.If,whatTheproblemiswillgotothe

meeting.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.whoItlooks

itweregoingtorain.A.evenifB.asifC.eventhoughD.

likeThatishelikestheplace

somuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.howThebooklooks

ithadbeenoutintherain.A.thatB.whether

C.asthoughD.what

表语从句

1.定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。

2.关联词

从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：

ThetroubleisthatIhavelosthisaddress.麻烦是

我把他的地址丢了。

Thereasonwasthathewaslateforschool.

从属连词whether,as,asif。如：他看起来还与十年前

一样。问题是他们是否能帮我们。

注：从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句，但asif却

可引导表语从句，如：

Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butit's这都是

20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。

Thekeyiswhetherwecansolvetheproblem.。

Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.

注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词b巳，seem,

look,sound等。如：

Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.他看

起来还与十年前一样。

造句：听起来好像有人在敲门。

Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.

连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,

whatever,whichever在

表语从句中做主语、宾语等。如：Theproblemiswhowe

cangettoreplaceher,问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。

Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingthe

attic.

那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。造句：问题是我们能找到

谁去替换她呢。

Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.

我想问的是谁离开了。Myquestioniswholeft.

连接副词where,when,how,whyo

WhatIwonderiswhenheleft,我想知道他是何时离开

的。

Thisiswheretheyoncelived,这就是他们曾经住过的

地方。

Thatiswhyhedidn，tcomehere

Thequestionishowhedidit.

连词because可引导表语从句。如：

Ithinkitisbecauseyouaredoingtoomuch.我想这

是因为你做得太多。

造句：这是仅仅因为他不认识她。It'sjustbecausehe

doesn，tknowher.

That'sbecausehedidn'tunderstandme.那是因为他没

有理解我。

That'swhyhegotangrywithme.那正是他对我生气的原

因。

在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从

句中，谓语动词用虚拟

语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：

Mysuggestionisthatwestartearlytomorrow.我的建

议是我们明天一

早就出发。

系动词分类：

一、根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分

为两大类：完全系动词和半系动词

例如：1)Helookedsadlyattheboy.

Helooksacleverboy.

2)Helooksatacleverboy.

在英语中，某一动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又

有系动词用法。

二、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为四类：

A.五大感官系动词B.状态系动词C.动态系动词

D.双谓语系动词

动词。

1.look“看起来像是"，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短

语、不定式等。

Thegirlbitherlipsandlookedthoughtful.这位女孩

咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所

2.smell〃闻起来”,后接adj.分词。Theflowerssmell

sweet,这些花气味真香。

3.sound〃听起来”,后接adj.¥分词。Themusicsounds

sweet.这首诗听起来真

悦耳。

4.lasle"尝起来"，后接adj.¥分词。TheapplesLasLe

verygood,这些苹果很好吃。

5.Feel①“摸起来,给……感觉”;②“觉得”，后接

adj./p.p.

Youwillfeelbetterafteranight，ssleep.唾上一

晚，你会觉得好些。

B.状态系动词：

3.appear,“显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。It

appearedatruestory.看来这

是一个真实的故事。

4.keep,〃保持.......的状态〃，半系动词，后接adj

或介词短语。

You'dbettergotobedandkeepwarm.你最好躺在床

上去暖和一下。

5.remain,“仍是〃，半系动词。Iremainedsilent.我

仍然缄默。

6.stay〃保持"，半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。The

windowstayed

openallthenight.

7.prove“证明是"，半系动词,后接adj.¥n.

Thetreatmentprovedtobesuccessful,这种疗法证明

是成功的。

0.动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。

1.get“变成，变得……起来”，后可接形容词、分词、

介词短语。

Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.白天变得越来

越长了。

2.fall〃进入，成为”，后常接以下形容词：

asleep,lame,silent,ill,sick.flat.

Theoldmen,unabletoexpresshimself,fellsilent.那

位老人说不清自己的

意思，就不做声了。

Myfatherfellillanddied,我的父亲生病死了。

3.grow〃渐渐变得……起来，长得”

It'sgrowingwarm,天气渐渐暖和起来了。

4.turn〃转变成，变质”。

Mapletreesturnredinautumn,枫叶在秋天变红了。

Itwascloudythismorning,butfortunatelyithas

turnedfine.

今天早上是阴天，幸好己经转晴了。

5.go,“变成”

Thetelephonehasgonedead,电话不通了。

Thematerialhasgoneafunnycolour,这料子的颜色变

得奇怪了。

go之后常接的adj.还有：bad,blind,wild,wrong,sour,

hard,hungry,mad,red,

with,anger,white,pale,blue,grey.

6.becomea变成，成为〃

1becameinterestedindrawing.我开始对素描感兴趣

了。

Hebecameangrywithme.他对我生气了。

Theybecamegoodfriends.他们成了好朋友。

7.come,“变成为，证实为"，后常接形容词或前缀un-

的过去

分词作表语，表示状态或情况的变化。

Hiswishtobecomeapilothascometrue.他想当《行

员的愿望实现了CIfyoulookintothematter,everything

willcomeclear.

如果你调查一下这事，一切都会清楚。

后面常接的形容词还有：apart,dear,natural,open,

short,right,unstuck,untiedo

8.run,“变成"，后接ad