高中英语阅读理解(人生百味)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)

高中英语阅读理解(人生百味)解题技巧和训练方法及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1．阅读理解

TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare"ifonly".Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.

Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying,"Taketheextraminutetodoitright."Ialwaystrytolivebythe"extraminute"rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan"ifonly"moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(衬垫)ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.

Idon'tonlyavoidthose"ifonly"momentswhenitcomestosafety.It'sequallyimportanttoavoid"ifonly"inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay"Iloveyou"or"Iforgiveyou."WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn'tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe's84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.

IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay"ifonly"aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthing.I'mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.（1）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe"extraminute"rule?A.Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.B.Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.C.Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.D.Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.（2）TheauthordecidedtogotoherofficeonGoodFridayto______.A.keepherappointmentwiththeeyedoctorB.meetherfatherwhowasalreadyanoldmanC.joinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompanyD.finishherworkbeforethedeadlineapproached（3）Theunderlinedword"foregone"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.abandonedB.lackedC.avoidedD.taken（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ToKeepEmotionalWell-beingB.ToPrevent"IfOnly"MomentsC.ToFollowtheMostUsefulRuleD.ToAchievethePeaceofMind【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词语是"ifonly"，因为他们表达了遗憾。父亲在作者小的时候经常让她提前做一些能防止意外发生的事，因此她懂得珍惜现在所拥有的一切，而且知道自己正在做对的事。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一、二段可知，作者所说的“extraminute”rule是指在遇事时多思考一分钟，从而可以避免以后遗憾、犯错或失望，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe's84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.”可知，父亲说在周五去看眼科医生时经过作者的办公室，虽然那天是假日，但作者想到父亲八十四了，自己不应该放弃每一次见父亲的机会，于是又改口说那天上班。由此可知作者决定在星期五去她的办公室，是为了见她已经年迈的父亲。故选B。（3）考查词义猜测。根据划线词所在句and前后连接语意相似成分，由其前“失去一个心爱的人或物”可推知此处是指“后悔放弃一个机会”可知，foregone的意思是“放弃”，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文叙述了作者通过“extraminute”rule来避免以后说“ifonly”的情况。“ifonly”作为线索贯穿了整篇文章，且第一段也提到了thesaddestwords，其他选项比较笼统，不能涵盖本文内容。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“防止出现ifonly的情况”，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

WhenIwas12yearsold,Ialreadyknewthatmyteenyearsweregoingtobetheworstyearsofmylife.Iwasatotaloutsider,bullied(欺凌)atschool.Ifeltcompletelyaloneinmysmalltown.

ButbystartingtodovolunteerworkwhenIwas14,Iturnedmyproblemintoapassionforhelpingothers.Theopportunitytopracticekindnessmademefeellikemylifehadagreaterpurpose.ThemorepositiveenergyIshared,themorekindnessandappreciationIreceived.Irealizedthatmypurposeinlifewouldbetoreachouttopeople,specificallyteenagers,andhelpthemfeellessalone.

Booksweremytruefriendsbackthen.Iwassothankfulthattheauthorswrotethosebooks.Thekindnesstheyofferedmewiththeirbookssavedmylife.OneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeanauthorsoIcouldwritebooksthatwouldhelpotherteenagersthewaythosebookshelpedme.

Aftersurvivingterribleexperiencesatschoolandathome,Imadeachoicetotaketheoptimistic,positiveroadinthenextstepsofmyjourney.Mydreamcareer,oneIthoughtwasonlypossiblefortheauthorsIloved,iswhatIamdoingnow.Ihavebeenafull-timeauthorofteennovelssince2007andamgratefulforthisamazingopportunitytoreachouttoreaderseverysingleday.

KindnesssavedmewhenIneededhelpthemost.Evensmallactsofkindnesscanchangesomeone'slife.Youneverknowwhatsomeoneelseisgoingthrough.Butbypracticingdailykindness,youbecomeanarchitectofpositivechange.（1）Whatwastheauthor'slifelikewhenhewas12?A.Boring.B.Peaceful.C.Unhappy.D.Meaningful.（2）Howdidthevolunteerworkbenefittheauthor?A.Itmadehimpopularinhistown.B.Ithelpedhimfindthemeaningoflife.C.Ithelpedhimunderstandothers'livesbetter.D.Ithelpedtoshapehisdreamcareer.（3）Whydidtheauthorchoosewritingashisjob?A.Hewasinspiredbyhisteacher.B.Hecouldpasspositiveenergytoreaders.C.Hewantedtosharehisschoolexperiences.D.Hefoundhehadatalentforwriting.（4）Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdointhelastparagraph?A.Say'no'tobulliesbravely.B.Makepositivechangesintheirlives.C.Treatotherswithkindnessindailylife.D.Learntocaremoreaboutothers'feelings.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己参加志愿活动的经历，告诉人们：一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“WhenIwas12yearsold,Ialreadyknewthatmyteenyearsweregoingtobetheworstyearsofmylife.”可知，十二岁时，“我”就意识到青少年时期是“我”一生中最糟糕的阶段；以及“Iwasatotaloutsider,bulliedatschool”，“我”觉得自己是局外人，说明此时的生活是不如意的。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ButbystartingtodovolunteerworkwhenIwas14,Iturnedmyproblemintoapassionforhelpingothers.Theopportunitytopracticekindnessinthefaceofsomuchangermademefeellikemylifehadagreaterpurpose.”可知，但是在我14岁的时候开始做志愿者工作，我把我的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。面对如此多的愤怒，我有机会实践仁慈，这让我觉得我的生活有一个更大的目标。因此推断参加志愿活动给“我”提供了表达善意的机会，让“我”感觉到生活有更大的意义。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Thekindnesstheyofferedmewiththeirbookssavedmylife.OneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeanauthorsoIcouldwritebooksthatwouldhelpotherteenagersthewaythosebookshelpedme.”可知，书中作者的善意拯救了“我”的生活，“我”最大的梦想就是成为一名作家，可以写书去帮助其他的青少年，把善意传递给他们。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Evensmallactsofkindnesscanchangesomeone'slife.Youneverknowwhatsomeoneelseisgoingthrough.Butbypracticingdailykindness,youbecomeanarchitectofpositivechange.”可知，作者在提醒我们注意善意的力量，一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生，平时以善意待人，会让人们成为积极改变的缔造者。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

I'masinglepersonandlivewithmydog.Jedisn'tjustmydog.Heismyfamily.Hegoeseverywherewithme.SoIwasoverjoyedlastyeartohearthatBunningswasallowingdogsonaleash(皮带)-intotheirstores.

Butnosoonerhadtherulecomeinthanitwasquicklyrepealed(撤销).AlittlegirlinVictoriahadwalkeduptoaJackRussellinastoreandbeenbitten(咬伤).Thatwasit.Nomoredogs.

Idon'tknowthewholestory.Buthere'swhatIhavetosay:dogsbitesometimesandkidsaresometimesdifficulttocontrol.

ThereisnothingIlovemorethanakidwhowantstotouchJed.Butwhat'sevenbetteriswhentheyaskpermissionfirst.

Iwasatmylocaldogparklastweek.It'shuge,withanoff-leashdogareatoonesideandafenced-offkids'playgroundagooddistanceaway.Therewasafamilytherethatmorning—parentsandtwoyounggirlsplayingnearthedogarea.TheeldergirlstartedcryingatthesightofJed—"puppy!Thereapuppy!"Jedwentrightupandstartedlicking(舔)her,whichonlymadehercrylouder.

Mydogwasfrightenedandtriedtogetaway.Thelittlegirlranafterhim,shoutingloudly.Theparentsdidnothing;theyjustlettheirkidfrightenmydogandthensaidIshouldhavestoppedhimfromlickingher.

Whiletheyhadachoicetoplayelsewhere,Ididnot.SoIhadtowalkJedaway.

"Ijustdon'twanttohavetomeetadogwhenIgoshopping,"saidonecalleronaradioshowyesterday.Look,Igetthat.Butthethingis,Idon'talwayswanttohaveyourkidkickthebackofmyseatfortwohoursonaplane.

WhenIlivedintheUKandtheUS,Icouldn'twalkthroughthestoreswithoutstoppingtopatdogs.Whycan'twefollowtheirpractice?（1）WhatdoweknowaboutJed?A.

Heisatroublemaker.

B.

Hemeansalottotheauthor.C.

Heistheauthor'sonlyfriend.

D.

Heoftengoesshoppingwith:theauthor.（2）WhydidBunningsstopfollowingtherule?A.

Agirllostherdogthere.

B.

Dogswerebadly-behaved.C.

Mostpeoplewereagainstit.

D.

Itwantedtokeepitscustomerssafe.（3）Whathappenedatthedogpark?A.

Thelittlegirlwashurt.

B.

Jedwastreatedunfairly.C.

Jedplayedhappilywiththegirl.

D.

Theparentsstoppedtheirdaughter.（4）Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthecaller'swords?A.

Meaningless.

B.

Hurtful.

C.

Reasonable.

D.

Touching.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，从作者自身经历出发，表达了作者对于社会上对待动物的不公平现象的看法。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Jedisn'tjustmydog.Heismyfamily.”杰德不仅仅是我的狗。他是我的家人。可知杰德对作者来说意义重大。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Butnosoonerhadtherulecomeinthanitwasquicklyrepealed.AlittlegirlinVictoriahadwalkeduptoaJackRussellinastoreandbeenbitten.Thatwasit.Nomoredogs.”但这条规定刚一实施就很快被废除了。维多利亚州的一个小女孩在一家商店里走向一只杰克罗素犬，结果被咬了。就这样。不能有狗进商店了。可知Bunnings停止遵守这一规定，因为它想保证顾客的安全。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Mydogwasfrightenedandtriedtogetaway.Thelittlegirlranafterhim,shoutingloudly.Theparentsdidnothing;theyjustlettheirkidfrightenmydogandthensaidIshouldhavestoppedhimfromlickingher.”我的狗吓坏了，想逃跑。小女孩在他后面跑，大声喊叫。父母什么也没做;他们只是让他们的孩子吓唬我的狗，然后说我应该阻止他舔她。可知在狗公园杰德受到了不公平的待遇。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"‘Ijustdon'twanttohavetomeetadogwhenIgoshopping,’saidonecalleronaradioshowyesterday.Look,Igetthat.Butthethingis,Idon'talwayswanttohaveyourkidkickthebackofmyseatfortwohoursonaplane."我只是不想在购物时遇到一只狗，"昨天在一个广播节目中，一位打电话的人说。我明白了。但是问题是，我并不想让你的孩子在飞机上花两个小时踢我的座椅靠背。可推知作者认为打电话的人的话语很伤人。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Howfarwouldyougoforyourkidseducation?That'saquestionmanyparentsareaskinginthewakeofthecollegecheatingscandal(丑闻)involving38wealthyparentsaroundthecountry,includingactressesLoriLoughlinandFelicityHuffman.Here'showfarIwent.Inthefallof2017myhusbandandIlostourjobs.Wehadtotellourdaughter,Casey,thatwecouldn'taffordtosendherbacktoschoolforherjunioryearatFordhamUniversity.WedecidedthebestchoiceforourfamilywouldbeforCaseytositoutayear.Wepromisedthatwewouldgetherbackthefollowingyear.CaseydecidedtospendtheyearvolunteeringinSouthAfricaOnSept30,2017,weputouroldestchildonaplanehalfwayaroundtheworld.Caseyworkedasatutorteachingkidsmath,EnglishandmusicinJohannesburg.WedidgetCaseybackinschoolintime.Whenshereturnedtothecampus,shestudiedharder.Sheisn'twhatsheusedtobe.Eachdayismarkedbygratitudebecausesheknowswhatitislikenottobeabletogetaneducation.

IwonderwhythecollegecheatingscandalhappenedandIthinkitboilsdowntothis:Parentswanttocreateacomfortzonefortheirkids.Ofcourse,wewantthebestforourkidsbutsometimesweforgetthatrealgrowthdoesn'thappenintimesofcomfort;thosevaluablelessonscomewhenweareforcedtothinkinwaysweotherwisewouldn'thave.

WhileIdidlessformychildthanthesewealthyparentsdidintermsofmeans,inotherwaysIdidmore.Itaughtherthatdisappointmentisapartoflifeandweshouldfaceitbravelyratherthanavoidit.MyhusbandandIshowedCaseythatherstrengthisinherstruggle.That'showfarIwentformykidseducation.AndIdaresaysheiswiserandbetteroffforit.（1）Whatdotheparentsinvolvedinthecollegecheatingscandalhaveincommon?A.

Theyarewell–knownB.

TheyareaggressiveC.

TheyareveryrichD.

Theyareconservative.（2）ThewritermadethedecisiontopullCaseyoutofschool__________.A.

forlackofmoneyB.

becauseofherillnessC.

asaresultofcheatingsD.

duetoherbadbehaviour（3）Whatdoesthewriterthinkofherdaughter'svolunteeringinSouthAfricaforayear?A.

It'smeaningless.B.

Itiswellworthit.C.

ItisawasteoftimeD.

Itisawrongdecision.（4）Thewriteradvisesparentsto____.A.

createacomfortzonefortheirkidsB.

dowhatevertheycanfortheirkidsC.

helptheirkidshaveabettereducationD.

lettheirkidsexperiencedisappointment【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由大学作弊丑闻入手并结合自己教育女儿的经历告诉我们，真正的成长不是发生在安逸的时候，父母应该让孩子体验失望。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"thecollegecheatingscandal(丑闻)involving38wealthyparentsaroundthecountry"可知，陷入大学作弊丑闻的父母都是有钱人，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Inthefallof2017myhusbandandIlostourjobs.Wehadtotellourdaughter,Casey,thatwecouldn'taffordtosendherbacktoschoolforherjunioryearatFordhamUniversity."可知，作者和丈夫失业了，负担不起让女儿继续读书的费用，所以决定让她休学，故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Whenshereturnedtothecampus,shestudiedharder.Sheisn'twhatsheusedtobe.Eachdayismarkedbygratitudebecausesheknowswhatitislikenottobeabletogetaneducation."可知，女儿重返校园后，学习比以前更加努力了，每一天都充满感激之情，因为她知道无法接受教育是什么滋味，由此可知，作者认为女儿在南非的志愿工作是值得的，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Itaughtherthatdisappointmentisapartoflifeandweshouldfaceitbravelyratherthanavoidit."可知，失望是生活的一部分，我们应该勇敢面对它而不是逃避它，由此可知作者建议父母让孩子体验失望，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsago,whichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoholdtwofuneralsfortwoelderlywomeninmycommunity.Bothhaddied"fullofyears",astheBiblewouldsay.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolence(吊唁)callsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceased(过世的)womansaidtome,"IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It'smyfaultthatshedied."Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,"IfonlyIhadn'tinsistedonmymother'sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,thesuddenchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It'smyfaultthatshe'sdead."

Youseethatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbad,theybelievethattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation—wouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldithaveturnedoutanyworse?

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourwillingnesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementistheviewthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsofthisfeelingmaylieinourchildhood.

Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtohistasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatchildishviewthatourwishescausethingstohappen.（1）Whatissaidaboutthetwodeceasedelderlywomen?A.Theylivedoutanaturallife.B.Theydiedofexhaustionafterthelongplaneride.C.Theyweren'tusedtothechangeinweather.D.Theydiedduetolackofcarebyfamilymembers.（2）Theauthorhadtoconductthetwowomen'sfuneralsprobablybecause

.A.hewantedtocomfortthetwofamiliesB.hewasanofficialfromthecommunityC.hehadgreatpityforthedeceasedD.hewasministerofthelocalchurch（3）Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathoftheirlovedonesbecause

.A.theyfoundthefuneralsunsatisfactoryB.theybelievedthattheywereresponsibleC.theyhadignoredthenaturalcourseofeventsD.theydidn'tknowthingsoftenturnintheoppositedirection（4）Peoplehavebeenmadetobelievesincebabyhoodthat

.A.everybodyshouldtrytomeetothers'needsB.lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmysteryC.everystoryshouldhaveahappyendingD.theirwishesarethecauseofeverythingthathappens【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过两个已故夫人的儿子自责的话语，引出并分析了人们产生负罪感的两个因素。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Bothhaddied‘fullofyears’,astheBiblewouldsay.”正如《圣经》所说，两人都已“老死”。可知，这两个老妇人是正常、自然死亡的。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“astheBiblewouldsay”正如《圣经》所说；以及“OneJanuary,Ihadtoholdtwofuneralsfortwoelderlywomeninmycommunity.”一月的一天，我要为我们社区的两位老妇人举行两场葬礼。可知，作者信仰《圣经》并主持葬礼，由此推出作者的身份应为牧师。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbad,theybelievethattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,puttingofftheoperation—wouldhaveturnedoutbetter.”因为他们采取的行动结果是糟糕的，他们认为相反的做法——让母亲呆在家里，推迟手术——结果会更好。可知，他们认为如果自己选择相反的做法，母亲就不回去世了，认为自己有责任。故选B。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.”一个婴儿开始认为世界的存在是为了满足他的需要，他让一切都发生在世界上。可知，人们从婴儿时期就意识到是他们的愿望是世界上一切发生的原因。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Debatesoverthebenefitsofrecyclingstartedin1996whenawritercalledJohnTierneysaid"recyclingisgarbage".Accordingtohim,"Recyclingprogramsoffermainlyshort-termbenefitstoafewrelatedgroupswhiledivertingmoneyfromrealsocialandenvironmentalproblems.Itdoublesenergyconsumptionandpollutionwhilecostingtaxpayersmoremoneythandealingwitholdgarbage.RecyclingmaybethemostwastefulactivityinmodernAmerica."

EnvironmentalgroupswerequicktorespondtoTierneybyissuingreportsdetailingthebenefitsofrecyclingandshowinghowmunicipal(市政的)recyclingprogramsreducepollutionandtheuseofresourceswhiledecreasingtheamountofgarbageandtheneedforlandfillspace—allforless,notmore,thanthecostofregulargarbagecollectionanddisposal(处置).

Butin2002,NewYorkCity,anearlymunicipalrecyclingpioneer,foundthatitsmuch-praisedrecyclingprogramwaslosingmoney,soiteliminatedglassandplasticrecycling.AccordingtotheMayor,thebenefitsofrecyclingplasticandglasswereoutweighedbytheprice—-recyclingcosttwiceasmuchasdisposal.Meanwhile,lowdemandforthematerialsmeantthatmuchofitwasendingupinlandfillsanyway.NYCcloseditslastlandfillandbroughtinamoreefficientsystem,withmorefamousserviceprovidersthanithadusedpreviously.

ThelessonslearnedbyNewYorkareapplicableeverywhere.Someearlyrecyclingprogramswasteresourcesandleadtonewtrash.Butthesituationhasimprovedascitieshavegainedexperience.Ifmanagedcorrectly,recyclingprogramsshouldcostcitiesandtaxpayerslessthangarbagedisposalforanygivenamountofmaterial.Eventhoughthebenefitsofrecyclingoverdisposalarevarious,individualsshouldkeepinmindthatitbetterservestheenvironmenttoreduceandreusematerialsbeforerecyclingevenbecomesanoption.（1）JohnTierneythoughtthatrecycling___________.A.isawasteofmoneyB.leadstoalackofemployersC.isbeneficialtotheenvironmentD.willbecomepopularinthefuture（2）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"eliminated"inParagraph3?A.Required.B.Forgot.C.Encouraged.D.Cancelled.（3）Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Weshouldmakerecyclinganoption.B.Publicrecyclingprogramsareinabadsituation.C.Weshoulddeveloptheawarenessofresourcesaving.D.Cost-savingshouldbeconsideredfirstinrecyclingwork.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheharmofrecyclingB.Isrecyclingreallybeneficial?C.TherecyclingworkinNewYorkCityD.Isenvironmentalprotectionmakingprogress?【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自从1996年作家JohnTierney说“回收是垃圾”时，关于垃圾回收的好处的讨论就没有停止过。有人认为回收是现代美国最浪费的活动，而一些环境小组还详细列出了回收的好处，但是一些早期的回收项目也渐渐暴露出了问题。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“RecyclingmaybethemostwastefulactivityinmodernAmerica.”回收可能是现代美国最浪费的一项活动，可知，他认为回收是浪费钱的。故选A。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“AccordingtotheMayor,thebenefitsofrecyclingplasticandglasswereoutweighedbytheprice—-recyclingcosttwiceasmuchasdisposal.”根据市长所言，回收塑料和玻璃在价格方面超标了---回收的费用是处理费用的两倍，可推知，纽约取消了回收塑料和玻璃。所以根据上下文的语境可以判断出，划线词的意思为“取消”。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Eventhoughthebenefitsofrecyclingoverdisposalarevarious,individualsshouldkeepinmindthatitbetterservestheenvironmenttoreduceandreusematerialsbeforerecyclingevenbecomesanoption.”尽管回收比处理的好处有很多，大家应该记住，在回收成为一个选择之前，减少垃圾和反复利用物品对环境是更有利的。，可推知，作者是想提醒大家要有资源节约的意识。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Debatesoverthebenefitsofrecyclingstartedin1996whenawritercalledJohnTierneysaid‘recyclingisgarbage’.”自从1996年作家JohnTierney说“回收是垃圾”时，关于垃圾回收的好处的讨论就开始了。可知，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解OurMuseums,Galleries,andZoo19world-classmuseums,galleries,andazoo

TheSmithsonianofferselevenmuseumsandgalleriesontheNationalMallandsixothermuseumsandtheNationalZoointhegreaterNationalCapitalArea.InNewYorkCity,weinviteyoutotourtwomuseumsinhistoricsettings.

NotnearaSmithsonianmuseum?Lookforexhibitionsandmuseumsinyourcommunity.Herewehavelistedsomeplacestovisit:

Tips&Guidelines:

StopatanySmithsonianmuseuminformationdeskwherefriendlyandknowledgeablestaffandvolunteerscanassistyouinplanningyourvisit.

ServiceanimalsarewelcomeatthemuseumsandtheNationalZoo.Petsarenotpermitted.

Lunchesshouldbeproperlyclosedorstoredinlockersduringyourvisit.（1）heSmithsonianoffersalltheseEXCEPT

.A.

galleries

B.

concerts

C.

museums

D.

zoos（2）Ifyouareinterestedinanimals,youcan

.A.

goto1661PennsylvaniaAvenue,NWWashington,DCB.

goto8thandFStreets,NWWashington,DCC.

visitthemuseum11a.m.onChristmasD.

visitthezooatweekendsonJune25（3）Toarrangeyourvisitbetter,youcan

.A.

havelunchduringyourvisit

B.

takeyourpetsalongwithyouC.

askthestaffandvolunteersforhelp

D.

fillinanapplicationformbeforeyourvisit【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了史密森尼博物馆相关的信息以及游玩建议。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“TheSmithsonianofferselevenmuseumsandgalleriesontheNationalMallandsixothermuseumsandtheNationalZoointhegreaterNationalCapitalArea”可知史密森尼博物馆（Smithsonian）在国家广场（NationalMall）上设有11个博物馆和美术馆，在较大的国家首都辖区有6个博物馆和国家动物园（NationalZoo）。没有提供音乐会。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据NationalZoo所在的表格可知国家动物园的开放时间为三月15号到九月，每天的上午九点到下午六点；十月到来年的三月14号是每天上午九点到下午四点，12月25号不开。所以如果对动物感兴趣，游客可以在六月25号去游玩。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“StopatanySmithsonianmuseuminformationdeskwherefriendlyandknowledgeablestaffandvolunteerscanassistyouinplanningyourvisit.”可知史密森尼博物馆的信息问讯处有友好的并且知识渊博的员工及志愿者，他们可以帮助你为参观做计划。所以如果你想更好的参观这里，可以寻求职工和志愿者的帮助，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

SinglesDay:AlibabaSaysaLotofPeopleinChinaBoughtOnlineTheplanet'sbiggestshoppingdayhascomeandgone,andAlibabaagainshowedtheworldhowmanymountainsofstuff(物品)itcouldpersuadepeopletobuyinthe24hours.

MondaywasNov.11,knowninChinaasSinglesDay.Thisyear,nearly$38.3billionworthofstuffwassoldonAlibaba'splatforms(平台)thatday,beatinglastyear's$30.8billionandmakingBlackFridaylook,yetagain,likeayardsale.

Chinahasgrownricherandmoredigitallyconnected.Alibabahasbecomeatechnologypowerhouse.Alongtheway,thecompanyhasmadeafewfamousfriends.ThisyearthesingerTaylorSwiftperformedinitslive-streamedeveninggala(庆典)inShanghaionSunday.InpreviousyearsthemodelMirandaKerrandtheactorsNicoleKidmanandDanielCraigalsoshowedontheSinglesDaystage.

AlibabastartedtakingtheleadinChina,simplyenough,byconnectingbigChinesemanufacturerswithbigbuyersacrosstheworld.Itsbusiness-to-businesssite,Aallowedpeopletobuyalmosteverything.Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.

Alibabanowcallsitselfadataandtechnologycompany,onethatprovidesdigitaltoolstohelpthebusinessesonitsplatforms.That,inturn,leadsconsumerstolooktothoseplatformsfortheireveryneed,fromshoppingandservicestoentertainmentandtravel.Today,Alibabaisitselfagiganticcompany,anditwantstogrowbiggerstill.（1）Whereisthispassageprobablyfrom?A.Atextbook.B.Anewspaper.C.Asciencenewsreport.D.Anadvertisement.（2）HowmanyfamouspeopleshowedontheSinglesDaystage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.（3）WhatdoesAlibaba'sadvantagemainlyliein?A.Itsplatform.B.Itsservice.C.Itsprice.D.Itssize.（4）Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword"gigantic"inthelastparagraph?A.Large.B.Small.C.Good.D.Successful.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了引领了中国双十一购物节的阿里巴巴公司。每年购物节前夕都会找明星预热。同时介绍了阿里巴巴的相关信息。（1）考查推理判断。本文介绍了中国双十一购物节相关数据和阿里巴巴公司的情况，可以从报纸了解到相关信息。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的TaylorSwift，MirandaKerr，NicoleKidman，DanielCraig等人都参加了双十一晚会庆典，共4人，故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.”阿里巴巴的优势不难