辽宁省2026年普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷01（考试版及全解全析）

7/9辽宁省2026年普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷01（本试卷分Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷，满分100分，考试时间90分钟）注意事项考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求辽宁省2026年普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟，试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，具体题型分值分布如下：-第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共75分）：-第一部分：单项填空：共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分。-第二部分：完形填空：共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分。-第三部分：阅读理解：共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分。-第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共25分）：-第四部分：书面表达：共1题，满分25分。2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔填写在本试卷及答题卡上。3.请认真核对监考员在答题卡右上角所粘贴条形码上的姓名、准考证号是否与本人的相符合。4.答选择题必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米签字笔写在答题卡上的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。第Ⅰ卷（选择题共75分）第一部分：单项填空：共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分。1．Artificial________(intelligent)isabranchofcomputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines.2．LiYingwas________(narrow)hitbyatruckwhenhewasturningright.3．Thepriceofpetrolhasrisen________(sharp)sincelastweek.4．Afterthe________(argue),thetwogoodfriendshaven'ttalkedtoeachotherforalongtime.5．Afterschool,hetookpartina________(various)ofactivities,suchasplayingbadmintonandtabletennis.6．It'snextSaturdaythattheactivityis________(schedule)tobeheldinourschool'shall.7．Manyparentsfranklyadmitthattheyhavetrouble________(bring)uptheirchildren.8．Thegovernmenthasintroducedmanymeasurestoprotecttherightsandinterestsof_______(consumer)．9．Abouthalfofthosefundshavegonetorepairpublicroads，________(structure)andbridges.10．Anyonewhowantstoapply______thisjobmusthavecollegelevel,sohe'dbettergetacertificate(证书)first.11．Teachers'______(prior)istomaketheirstudentsknowabouttheimportanceoflearning.12．Hepretended______(know)theanswertotheproblemalready.13．His________(lazy)ledtohisfailureinthecompetition,whichtoldhimabiglesson.14．Thepoliceobservedhim________(drive)ataspeedof90milesperhour.15．Myfamilyhasavase,which________(date)backtotheMingDynasty.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThebusscreamedtoastopinNazareth,Israel.FiveAustralianbackpackersboardedandstruckupaconversationwithme.Theyaskedtypicaltravelers'questions—wherewasIgoingandwhywasItravelingalone?Myplanwastotravelwithafriendofafriend,Iexplained,butwhenIcalledherthatmorning,shedidn'tpickupandIhadnootherwaytoreachher.Mystomachwasinknots,butIdecidedtoheadoutanyway,thinkingImightrunintoherifItraveledtoTiberius,wherewehadplannedtogotogether.“Whydon'tyoutravelwithus？”oneofthebackpackersoffered.Theywereexperiencedadventurerswhowouldworkforafewmonths,save,andthentravelforaslongastheycould.TheircurrentplanwastoexploretheMiddleEastandEuropeinthreemonthswhileworkinginLondon.Itseemedriskytotravelwithstrangers,butmyinstinctsaidyes.Forthenexttwoweeks,IexploredIsraelwiththebackpackersandlearnedtotrustmyinstinctsinalltypesofnewandinterestingsituations.Whentheyhookedaride,Itookthebus,butwhentheywantedtostealintotheKingDavidHotel'sswimmingpool,Iledtheway.TheworldopeneduptomebecauseIchosetotravelalone.Ijoinedcompletestrangers,whobecomeclosefriends.Yearslater,onecouplefromthebackpackinggroupevenflewfromSydneytoPhoenixtobeinmywedding.Thetripwassuchaspecialexperiencethatitgavemeconfidenceinallareasofmylife.Sincethen,I'vebackpackedaloneacrossSouthAfrica,sky-divedfrom12,000feetinNewZealandandevenmovedacrosstheU.S.withnojoblinedup.OnmythirddaywanderinginIsraelwithmynewfriends,IbumpedintothewomanIwassupposedtomeet.ThoughIwashappyshewasallright,Iwasgratefulshehadn'tpickedupthephone.1.By“Mystomachwasinknots”(inParagraph1),theauthormostlikelymeansthatshewas_____．()A．sickofridingonabumpybusB．nervousofmeetingstrangersC．upsetaboutthesuddenchangeD．sorryabouttheimpracticalplan2．whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“stomachwasinknots”inparagraph1probablymean?AangryB.excitedC.anxiousD.amused3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebackpackerstheauthormet？()A．Courageousbutdisrespectful.B．Joblessandpoorlyeducated.C．Warmheartedandtrustworthy.D．Homelessbutlighthearted.4．Theauthor'ssixthsensetoldherthat________．()A．shewouldgetalongwiththebackpackersB．itmightcausetroubletohaveaswimC．sheoughttostayawayfromthebackpackersD．itcouldaddexcitementtogetafreeride5．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？()A．Mostofthebackpackersbecametheauthor'slifelongfriends.B．Theauthorgatheredthecouragetobeafulltimebackpacktraveler.C．Thewomanmissedthephonecallwiththepurposeoftravelingalone.D．Theauthorconsidereditthebestdecisionofherlifetotravelonherown.BIdon'tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn'tawareofthebeautyoftheocean.GrowingupinAustralia,Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.ThefirsttimeIwenttoHalfmoonBay,Isuddenlyhadthefeelingofnotbeingabletofeelthegroundwithmyfeetanymore.Formy10thbirthday，mysisterandIweretakenouttotheGreatBarrierReef.Therewerefishindifferentcolors,cavesandlayersofcoral.Theymadesuchanimpressiononme.WhenIlearnedthatonly1percentofAustralia'sCoralSeawasprotected,Iwasshocked.Australianmarinelifeisparticularlyimportantbecausethereefshavemoremarinespeciesthananyothercountryonearth.Butsadly,only45%oftheworld'sreefsareconsideredhealthy.Thisstatisticisdepressing,soit'simportanttodoeverythingtoprotectthem.ThehopethattheCoralSearemainsacompleteeco-systemhasledmetotakeaction.I'vebecomeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean'sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobeapartofthemovement.Angusalsosharesmanybeautifulchildhoodmemoriesoftheoceanasayoungboy,whogrewupsailing,admiringthebeautyoftheocean,andtryingtofindthesecretsofoceanspecies.6．WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1？()A．Theauthorseldomwentsurfingatthesea.B．Theauthorforgothisexperiencesabouttheocean.C．Theauthorneverwentbacktohishometown.D．TheauthorhadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay.7．Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whatcanbeinferredaboutAustralianmarinelife？()A．ItisescapingfromtheCoralSeagradually.B．Itdependsonreefsforlivinggreatly.C．Itmaybefacedwithdanger.D．Itisprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans.8．WhatdidtheProtectOurCoralSeaactivityintendtodo？()A．Tocontributetoacompleteeco-system.B.Topreventmoremarinespeciesbeingendangered.C．Tosetupalargenaturereserveforreefs.D.Toraisemoreteenagers'environmentalawareness.9．WhydidAngusandtheauthorcreatealittlevideo？()A.Tourgemorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespecies.B.Toinspiremorepeopletoexplorethesecretoftheocean.C.Tosharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheocean.D.Tobringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies.10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?RespectingtheBlueSeaTheCoralSea’sCryAPopularShortVideoD.ChildhoodBlueMemoriesCHowdoesanecosystemwork?Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves?Tofindananswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator(掠食动物)alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey(猎物),thetwospeciesarestronglylinked;whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies,itcansurvivetheextinction(灭绝)ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare,theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable,wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s,scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies—includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean,wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale,whileonland,wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally,thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey,scientistssay,becauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint(临界点),itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.11．Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？()A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C．Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D．Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.12．Onwhatconditionisthestronglinkbetweentwospeciesfound？()A．Whenapredatorhasawidefoodchoice.B．Whenapredatorcaneasilyfindnewprey.C．Whenapredatorstickstoonepreyspecies.D.Whenapredatorcanquicklymovetoanotherplace.13．Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline？()A．Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B．Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.14．WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4？()A.Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D.Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.15.Whatisthekeyadvantageoftheearly-warningsystemmentionedinthepassage?()A.Itcanreverseecosystembreakdownsthathavealreadyoccurred.B.Ithelpspredictwhenhumanactivitiesmayendangerecosystems.C.Itenablesecosystemstoquicklyrecoveraftercrossingthetippingpoint.D.Itreplacesmathematicalmodelswithpracticalecosystemprotectionmethods.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowadays,inmanyplacesoftheworld,kidsplayfootballlessthanbefore.16Besides,manyparentsdon'tknowfootball'srealhelptokids.Herearesomereasonswhykidsshouldplaythebeautifulgame.Footballisateamsport.Teamworkisalifeskillthatkidsneedtolearn.Beingpartofateamisn'tjustaboutlearninghowtoworktogetherandsharetalents.It'salsoaboutteachingkidshowtofacefailure.Itdoesn'tendthere,either.Beingpartofateamletskidsknowhowtotakeresponsibilityfortheirbehaviour.17Footballshapesmotorskills(运动技能).Nowadays,manykidsprefertostayintheirroomstohavefunthroughTV,videogamesandsmartphones.18Itcancausethemtoloseoutonvaluablemotorskills.Byplayingyouthfootball,kidsgetachancetodeveloptheirphysicalstrengthandmotorskills.19Footballcanimprovestudents'concentration(专注)intheclassroom.Besides,footballisafast­pacedgame,sokidscanlearnhowtosolveproblemsquickly.Plus,footballisasportwhichinvolvesgettingtheballfrompointAtopointB．Sokids'visual­spatial(视觉空间)abilitycanbeimprovedwhentheyplaythegame,whichcanhelpthemlearnsubjectslikephysics.Footballimprovesthepersonalcharacter.TheWorldHealthOrganisationrecommendskidsgetatleast60minutesofexercisedaily.Thisisn'tonlyforthephysicalbenefitsbutalsoforthebenefitstothepersonalcharacter.20Andthesekidsoftenhavemoreself­confidence.A．Sotheyhavelesstimeoutdoorsforsports.B．Footballplaysapartinschoolperformance.C．Youthfootballhelpsimprovefamilyrelationships.D．Beingpartofateamcanhelpyoumakemanyfriends.E．Onecauseisthatmanykidsarebusywiththeirstudies.F．Usuallykidswholikesportssuchasfootballaremoreoutgoing.G．Afterall,ifoneplayerperformsbadly,therestoftheteamwillsufferforit.第三部分语言知识运用（第一节，共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HappyMaggieDuringmychildhoodIexperiencedgreaterhardshipsthanmostpeoplegothroughinalifetime.Inmyshort17yearsoflife,Ihavebeen21fivedivorcesofmyparents.Havinganewstepmotherorstepfathereveryfewyearswas22,buttheconstantmovingwasworse.Myfather'scancerdiagnosis(诊断)23meapart,andhistwoheartattacksand24withdiabetes(糖尿病)putahugepres-sureonthefamily.Byage13,Iwas25andemotionallyscarred.IfeltlikeIhadnooneto26andthatnothingwouldevergetbetter.ThenImetMaggie,andmyattitudetowardslifechanged.Formanysummers,I27atahorse-ridingcampforpeoplewithspecialneeds.Wetaughtchildrenandadultsspecializedskills28theirabilities.Forexample,wewouldteachachildwithautism(自闭症)29skills,orachildwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫)strength-buildingexercise.Eachvolunteerwas30aspecificchildduringeightweeks.Afewweekslater,Iwasaskedto31anothervolunteerwhowassick.Thatwasthedaymy32onlifechangedforever.AsIbegantoworkwithher,Ilookedthroughherfiletogetmoreinformation,whichwas33.Shehadbeenphysicallyabusedasanewbornandthroughoutherinfancy.Herbirthparents34hersobadlythattheycausedheraseriousbraininjurybytheageoftwo.Herskullhadbeenbroken,however,theamazingthingaboutMaggiewasher35attitude.WhenImetMaggie,shewas12,andshewouldsay36but“I'mhappy!".Ifyouaskedher“Howoldareyou?",“I'mhappy”sherepliedeachtime.Everyoneatthecamp37her“HappyMaggie".Mylifegrowingupwasahugestruggle,38Maggietaughtmenottogetinthewayofhappiness.Nothingbadinlifeshouldbeenoughtochange39 Iam.Shegaveme 40.IfIlearnedanythingfromMaggie,itwouldbe,nomatterwhat,behappy.21A.beyond B.with C.through D.in 22.A.rough B.exciting C.charming D.independent 23.A.broke B.tore. C.defeated D.turned 24.A.recovery B.suffering C.concern D.battle 25.A.depressed B.confused C.confident D.pleased 26.A.lookafter B.turnto C.appealto D.takeafter 27.A.volunteered B.handled C.admitted D.recommended 28.A.comparedwith B.basedon C.judgingfrom D.owingto 29.A.analyzing B.creating C.communicating D.calculating 30.A.acquired B.separated C.promoted D.assigned 31.A.interview B.employ C.replace D.dismiss 32.A.decision B.understanding C.rule D.outlook 33.A.heart-breaking B.spirit-lifting C.disappointing D.surprising 34.A.tended B.treated C.opposed D.protected 35.A.unreasonable B.unacceptable C.unforgettable D.unsinkable 36.A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something 37.A.gave B.complained C.translated D.nicknamed38.A.and B.yet C.so D.otherwise 39.A.why B.where C.who D.that 40.A.hope B.ambition C.strength D.lesson第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共25分）第四部分：书面表达：共1题，满分25分假定你是李华，你从网上得知某国际野生动物保护机构正在招募一名志愿者。请你根据提示给该组织写一封英文申请信。内容包括：1．写信目的；2．自己的优势；3．希望得到回复。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam，Yourssincerely，LiHua

辽宁省2026年普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷01（解析版）（本试卷分Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷，满分100分，考试时间90分钟）第Ⅰ卷（选择题共75分）第一部分：单项填空：共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分。1．Artificial________(intelligent)isabranchofcomputersciencethataimstocreateintelligentmachines.答案：intelligence解析：句意：人工智能是计算机科学的一个分支，旨在制造智能机器。artificial为形容词，修饰名词。2．LiYingwas________(narrow)hitbyatruckwhenhewasturningright.答案：narrowly解析：考查副词。句意：李颖在右转时险些被一辆卡车撞到。修饰动词hit，应用副词，故填narrowly。3．Thepriceofpetrolhasrisen________(sharp)sincelastweek.答案：sharply解析：句意：从上周开始，汽油的价格就急剧上涨。修饰动词rise用副词sharply。4．Afterthe________(argue),thetwogoodfriendshaven'ttalkedtoeachotherforalongtime.答案：argument解析：句意：在这次争论之后，这两个好朋友彼此很长时间没说话了。定冠词the后接名词argument。5．Afterschool,hetookpartina________(various)ofactivities,suchasplayingbadmintonandtabletennis.答案：variety解析：句意：放学后，他参加了各种活动，例如打羽毛球和乒乓球。avarietyof各种各样的。6．It'snextSaturdaythattheactivityis________(schedule)tobeheldinourschool'shall.答案：scheduled解析：句意：活动计划下星期六在我们学校的礼堂举行。bescheduledtodosth.计划做某事。7．Manyparentsfranklyadmitthattheyhavetrouble________(bring)uptheirchildren.答案：bringing解析：句意：许多父母坦率地承认他们在抚养孩子方面存在困难。havetrouble(in)doingsth.8．Thegovernmenthasintroducedmanymeasurestoprotecttherightsandinterestsof________(consumer)．答案：consumers解析：考查名词复数。句意：政府出台了很多措施来保护消费者的权益。名词表示泛指，用复数。9．Abouthalfofthosefundshavegonetorepairpublicroads，________(structure)andbridges.答案：structures解析：考查名词复数。句意：那些资金中大约有一半已被用来维修公路、建筑物和桥梁。空格处与前后的名词并列，此处是复数概念，故用名词的复数形式。10．Anyonewhowantstoapply________thisjobmusthavecollegelevel,sohe'dbettergetacertificate(证书)first.答案：for解析：句意：任何想申请这份工作的人必须具有大学水平，所以他最好先取得证书。applyfor申请……11．Teachers'______(prior)istomaketheirstudentsknowabouttheimportanceoflearning.答案：priority解析：考查名词。句意：教师的首要任务是让学生了解学习的重要性。空格处作主语，且由teachers'修饰，故填名词形式。12．Hepretended______(know)theanswertotheproblemalready.答案：tohaveknown解析：考查动词。句意：他假装______（知道）问题的答案13．His________(lazy)ledtohisfailureinthecompetition,whichtoldhimabiglesson.答案：laziness解析：考查名词。句意：他的懒惰导致他在比赛中失败，这给了他一个大教训。14．Thepoliceobservedhim________(drive)ataspeedof90milesperhour.答案：driving解析：考查非谓语。句意：警方发现他以每小时90英里的速度驾车。15．Myfamilyhasavase,which________(date)backtotheMingDynasty.答案：dates解析：考查动词。句意：我家有个花瓶，它可要追溯到明朝了。阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友的朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。1.By“Mystomachwasinknots”(inParagraph1),theauthormostlikelymeansthatshewas________．()A．sickofridingonabumpybusB．nervousofmeetingstrangersC．upsetaboutthesuddenchangeD．sorryabouttheimpracticalplan答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Myplanwastotravelwithafriendofafriend,Iexplained,butwhenIcalledherthatmorning,shedidn'tpickupandIhadnootherwaytoreachher.”可知，作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，C项(因为突然的变化而感到沮丧)最符合作者此时的心情。2．whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“stomachwasinknots”inparagraph1probablymean?AangryB.excitedC.anxiousD.amused答案：C解析：语境分析题.根据第一段中Myplanwastotravelwithafriendofafriend,Iexplained,butwhenIcalledherthatmorning,shedidn'tpickupandIhadnootherwaytoreachher.Mystomachwasinknots,butIdecidedtoheadoutanyway,“stomachwasinknots”意译为“心里七上八下”，准确传达焦虑情绪3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebackpackerstheauthormet？()A．Courageousbutdisrespectful.B．Joblessandpoorlyeducated.C．Warmheartedandtrustworthy.D．Homelessbutlighthearted.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Whydon'tyoutravelwithus？’oneofthebackpackersoffered.”可知，这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；再由“Theywereexperiencedadventurerswhowouldworkforafewmonths,save,andthentravelforaslongastheycould.”可知，这些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的。4．Theauthor'ssixthsensetoldherthat________．()A．shewouldgetalongwiththebackpackersB．itmightcausetroubletohaveaswimC．sheoughttostayawayfromthebackpackersD．itcouldaddexcitementtogetafreeride答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Itseemedriskytotravelwithstrangers，butmyinstinctsaidyes.”可知，这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能(instinct)也就是第六感说了“好”，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处得很好，才会答应他们的邀请。5．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage？()A．Mostofthebackpackersbecametheauthor'slifelongfriends.B．Theauthorgatheredthecouragetobeafulltimebackpacktraveler.C．Thewomanmissedthephonecallwiththepurposeoftravelingalone.D．Theauthorconsidereditthebestdecisionofherlifetotravelonherown.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“TheworldopeneduptomebecauseIchosetotravelalone.”可知，作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界；再结合文章最后一句“ThoughIwashappyshewasallright,Iwasgratefulshehadn'tpickedupthephone.”可知，作者庆幸她的朋友的朋友没有接她的电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物正面临着巨大的危机，作者为此做了一些努力，他拍摄一些视频去激励人们采取行动保护海洋生物。6．WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1？()A．Theauthorseldomwentsurfingatthesea.B．Theauthorforgothisexperiencesabouttheocean.C．Theauthorneverwentbacktohishometown.D．TheauthorhadawonderfulimpressionofHalfmoonBay.答案：D解析：句意猜测题。根据第一段中的“Idon'tthinkIcanrecallatimewhenIwasn'tawareofthebeautyoftheocean”和“Ihadthegoodfortuneofhavingtheseaatmyside.”可知，作者认为大海很美，自己很幸运能经常看到海，故画线句应是对半月湾的赞美。故选D。7．Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whatcanbeinferredaboutAustralianmarinelife？()A．ItisescapingfromtheCoralSeagradually.B．Itdependsonreefsforlivinggreatly.C．Itmaybefacedwithdanger.D．Itisprotectedbetterthanthatinotheroceans.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知，澳大利亚的海洋生物可能面临危险。故选C。8．WhatdidtheProtectOurCoralSeaactivityintendtodo？()A．Tocontributetoacompleteeco-system.B.Topreventmoremarinespeciesbeingendangered.C．Tosetupalargenaturereserveforreefs.D.Toraisemoreteenagers'environmentalawareness.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I'vebecomeinvolvedwiththeProtectOurCoralSeaactivity,whichaimstocreatethelargestmarineparkintheworld.Itwouldserveasaplacewheretheocean'sspecieswillallhaveasafeplaceforever.”可推知，这项活动的目的是创造一个为海洋生物提供永久安全的地方，阻止更多的海洋物种灭绝。故选B。9．WhydidAngusandtheauthorcreatealittlevideo？()A.Tourgemorepeopletotakeactiontoprotectthemarinespecies.B.Toinspiremorepeopletoexplorethesecretoftheocean.C.Tosharetheirchildhoodexperiencesabouttheocean.D.Tobringbacktopeopletheirmemoryofoceanspecies.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Together,AngusandIcreatedalittlevideoandwehopeitwillinspirepeopletobeapartofthemovement.”可知，拍摄视频是为了激励人们去采取行动保护海洋生物。故选A。10.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?RespectingtheBlueSeaB.TheCoralSea’sCryC.APopularShortVideoD.ChildhoodBlueMemories答案：B解析：文章主要向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物正面临着巨大的危机，作者为此做了一些努力.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了记住食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些食物网运行的关键原则。不同层次的物种之间有着依存关系，而人类作为最高层次的掠食动物，其一举一动都会影响生态系统。11．Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？()A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C．Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D．Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.可知，通过这些模型，科学家们发现了一些在食物网中起作用的关键原理。由此可见，科学家借助食物网的数学模型发现了控制生态系统食物网的规则。12．Onwhatconditionisthestronglinkbetweentwospeciesfound？()A．Whenapredatorhasawidefoodchoice.B．Whenapredatorcaneasilyfindnewprey.C．Whenapredatorstickstoonepreyspecies.D.Whenapredatorcanquicklymovetoanotherplace.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段Whenapredatoralwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey,thetwospeciesarestronglylinked可知，选项C正确。13．Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline？()A．Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B．Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句可知数学模型还表明，食物网可能是不稳定的，顶端掠食动物的微小变化可能对整个生态系统造成巨大影响。由此可见，如果食物网中顶端掠食动物的数量大幅度下降，其他物种的种群将经历意想不到的变化。14．WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4？()A.Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D.Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知无计划的人类活动证明了顶端掠食动物自上而下控制的想法是正确的。在海洋中，我们在工业规模上捕捞顶端掠食动物，如鳕鱼，而在陆地上，我们杀死大型掠食动物，如狼。这些行动大大影响了生态平衡。由此可见，不受控制的人类活动极大地破坏了生态系统。15.Whatisthekeyadvantageoftheearly-warningsystemmentionedinthepassage?A.Itcanreverseecosystembreakdownsthathavealreadyoccurred.B.Ithelpspredictwhenhumanactivitiesmayendangerecosystems.C.Itenablesecosystemstoquicklyrecoveraftercrossingthetippingpoint.D.Itreplacesmathematicalmodelswithpracticalecosystemprotectionmethods.答案:B解析-首先定位原文核心信息：系统基于数学模型，核心作用是“telluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdown”（告知何时调整将生态系统推向崩溃的人类活动），且强调“Preventioniskey”（预防是关键）。-分析选项：-A错误，原文仅提到系统可能“pullanecosystembackfromtheborderline”（将生态系统从崩溃边缘拉回），而非“reversebreakdownsthathavealreadyoccurred”（逆转已发生的崩溃），表述超出原文范围；-B正确，“predictwhenhumanactivitiesmayendangerecosystems”（预测人类活动何时可能危及生态系统），与原文“告知何时调整有害人类活动”的核心功能一致，契合预警系统的本质；-C错误，原文明确“onceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint,itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn”（一旦越过临界点，生态系统很难恢复），与选项中“quicklyrecover”矛盾；-D错误，原文明确系统“basedonmathematicalmodels”（基于数学模型），而非“replacemathematicalmodels”（取代数学模型），表述与原文相反。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。答案与解析EGABF语篇导读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孩子们应该踢足球的原因。16．E根据空前一句“Nowadays,inmanyplacesoftheworld,kidsplayfootballlessthanbefore.”可知，如今，在