【英语】山东省滨州市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试试题（解析版）

山东省滨州市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJoinusfromJune7toAugust31forourall-newSummerReadingProgram—CuriousCreatures.Thisprogram,forages17yearsandyounger,inspirestheenthusiasmforlearning.GetawelcomekitThekitincludesanactivitylog,aRedRobin“BurgersforBooks”coupon,andmoresurprises!TogetaWelcomeKit,you’llfirstneedtosignupforthechallengeonouronlineplatform,Beanstack.Registerinadvanceorsignupwhenyouvisitalibrary.Welcomekitsareavailablewhilesupplieslast.TrackyourprogressonlineUseBeanstacktotrackyouractivitiesandearnbadges.Unlockbonuscontents,includingcoloringpagesandbookmarksyoucandownloadorprint.CompleteyouractivitylogtowinaprizeCompleteyourlogtowinafinisherprize.Youcanpickuponeofthefinisherprizes(SeattleStormticketcertificate,StadiumBag,WaterBottle,ToteBag)startingJuly1.ThelastdaytopickupprizesisAugust31.WelcomekitsandfinisherprizesaresponsoredbytheKingCountyLibrarySystemFoundation.EarnaprizedrawingentryCompleteyouractivitylogtoearnaprizedrawingentry.YoucouldwinaKoboClaraColoureReader,aSasquatchplushtoy,oraCuriousCreaturesYetitumbler.IfyoucompleteyouractivitiesonlinewithBeanstack,you’llbeenteredautomatically.IfyouregisterwithBeanstackbutuseapaperlogtotrackyouractivities,pleasereturnthecompletedpaperlogtolibrarystaff.WecanmarkyourBeanstackaccountascompleteandyou’llbeenteredintotheprizedrawing.MustberegisteredinBeanstacktobeeligibletowin.1.WhatisthemainpurposeofCuriousCreatures?A.Toprovidereadingskills. B.Tofuelthepassionforlearning.C.Torecommendsomebooks. D.Tostimulateteenagers’curiosity.2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheprogram?A.ThefinisherprizescanbepickedupinJulyandAugust.B.Welcomekitswillbegiventoanyonewhohasregistered.C.Coloringpagesandbookmarksareofferedbythelibrary.D.WelcomekitsandfinisherprizesarefundedbyBeanstack.3.Whatshouldparticipantsusingpaperlogsdotoentertheprizedrawing?A.MarktheirBeanstackaccounts. B.RegisteronBeanstackinadvance.C.Tracktheiractivitiesandearnbadges. D.Finishthelogsandgivethemtolibrarians.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项面向17岁及以下儿童的全新夏季阅读项目——“好奇生物”。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“JoinusfromJune7toAugust31forourall-newSummerReadingProgram—CuriousCreatures.Thisprogram,forages17yearsandyounger,inspirestheenthusiasmforlearning.(6月7日至8月31日，欢迎参加我们全新的夏季阅读项目——好奇生物。这个项目面向17岁及以下的孩子，激发他们对学习的热情。)”可知，“好奇生物”这个项目的主要目的是激发孩子们对学习的热情。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Earnaprizedrawingentry部分中“Completeyourlogtowinaprize.Youcanpickuponeofthefinisherprizes(SeattleStormticketcertificate,StadiumBag,WaterBottle,ToteBag)startingJuly1.ThelastdaytopickupprizesisAugust31.(完成日志即可赢得奖品。从7月1日起，您可以领取其中一项完成奖(西雅图风暴门票、体育场包、水瓶、手提包)。领取奖品的最后一天是8月31日。)”可知，关于这个项目，我们知道完成奖可以在7月和8月领取。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“IfyouregisterwithBeanstackbutuseapaperlogtotrackyouractivities,pleasereturnthecompletedpaperlogtolibrarystaff.WecanmarkyourBeanstackaccountascompleteandyou’llbeenteredintotheprizedrawing.(如果您在Beanstack上注册但使用纸质日志记录活动，请将完成的纸质日志交给图书馆工作人员。我们可以将您的Beanstack帐户标记为已完成，您将被纳入抽奖。)”可知，使用纸质日志的参与者要进入抽奖环节，需要将完成的日志交给图书馆工作人员。故选D。BOneeveningin1951,astronomerWilliamMorganwaswalkinghomefromYerkesObservatoryinWisconsinwhenhelookedupatthenightskyandhad“acreativeinsightburst”.Itsolvedoneofthegreatestmysteriesofastronomy.An“aha!Moment”,suchasMorgan’sgreatinsight,isanewideathatarrivessuddenly,oftenburstingintoanongoingstreamofthought.Itmaypopupwhilesomeoneisactivelytryingtosolveaproblem.Individualstendtohavemoreanalytical(分析型的)orinsightfulthinking;wearen’tlimitedtooneortheother.It’suptothemood.ImagineyouareinAfrica25,000yearsago.Youseealionacoupleofmetersawayandareseizedwithfear.Yourthinkingimmediatelybecomesverycarefulandanalyticalbecauseifyoumakeonemistake,youarefinished.Canthelionseemeorhearme?IfIrun,isthelioncloseenoughtocatchup?Youmanagetoescape.Thateveningyouarebackinthecave,sittingbythefireandsharingfoodwithyourpeople.Youareenjoyingsafety.Inyourprotectedshelter,youcanhavecreativethoughtsanddosomethingimaginative.So25,000yearslater,wefindtheinnovativestonetoolsandbreathtakingcavepaintingsthatinspiredfuturegenerations.Anobviouswaytoincreaseinsightfulnessisthereforetorelaxwhenyouaren’tanxiousorrushed.Anotherwayisexpansioninspace:Whenyouareinalargeroomorthegreatoutdoorsunderastarrysky,asMorganwas—yourattentionexpandsinthelargespace.Youwillconsiderthewholeratherthantheparts,thusenhancinginsightfulthinking.Modernsociety’sunrelentingdemandforproductivityandspeedoftenrejectsinsight.Evenso,rememberthevalueandpowerofinsightsandtheconditionsthatsparkthem.AsMorganshows,whenitcomestoan“aha!Moment”,theskyisthelimit.4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinthefirstparagraph?A.Bysharingasecrettosuccess. B.Byraisinganewidea.C.Bydescribinganastronomer. D.Bytellingatruestory.5.Whydoestheauthorreferto“Africa25,000yearsago”?A.Tostresstheimportanceofinsightfulthinking.B.Toillustratethenecessityofanalyticalthinking.C.Toprovethepowerofcreativityandimagination.D.Toshowtheinfluenceofmoodonthinkingstyles.6.Whichofthefollowingsituationsmighthelpboostaninsight?A.Studyinghardforamathexam. B.Takingphotosonavastgrassland.C.Workingonthecomputerinanoffice. D.Promotingproductsinasupermarket.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unrelenting”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Basic. B.Typical. C.Endless. D.Unreasonable.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“顿悟时刻”的特点、影响因素及提升洞察力的方法。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Oneeveningin1951,astronomerWilliamMorganwaswalkinghomefromYerkesObservatoryinWisconsinwhenhelookedupatthenightskyandhad‘acreativeinsightburst’.Itsolvedoneofthegreatestmysteriesofastronomy.(1951年的一个晚上，天文学家威廉·摩根从威斯康辛州的叶凯士天文台走回家时，他抬头仰望夜空，突然有了“创造性的洞察力”。它解决了天文学上最大的谜团之一。)”可知，作者在第一段中通过讲述一个真实的天文学家WilliamMorgan的故事来引出话题，即“aha!Moment”(顿悟时刻)。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Individualstendtohavemoreanalytical(分析型的)orinsightfulthinking;wearen’tlimitedtooneortheother.It’suptothemood.(个体往往有更多的分析性思维或洞察力思维；我们不限于其中一种。这取决于心情。)”及后文举的非洲25000年前的例子可知，作者提到“25000年前的非洲”是为了说明心情对思维方式的影响。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Anotherwayisexpansioninspace:Whenyouareinalargeroomorthegreatoutdoorsunderastarrysky,asMorganwas—yourattentionexpandsinthelargespace.Youwillconsiderthewholeratherthantheparts,thusenhancinginsightfulthinking.(另一种方法是空间上的扩展：当你在一个大房间里，或者在星空下的户外，就像摩根一样——你的注意力在大空间中扩展。你会考虑整体而不是部分，从而增强洞察力思维。)”可知，空间上的扩展会让你考虑整体而不是部分，从而增强洞察力。故选B项。【7题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“demandforproductivityandspeed(对效率和速度的需求)”及“oftenrejectsinsight(常常否定洞察力)”可知，现代社会尤其强调生产力和速度即对生产力和速度的要求没有尽头，由此往往会排斥洞察力。因此划线词的意思是“无尽的”。故选C项。CAlittlebrown-and-whitebirdfliesacrosstheEastAfricangrassland.Hersharpeyesscanthetallgrass.Shelandsinthetreesandlistens.What’sthatbuzzingsound?Beeshavebuiltahive(蜂房)inabigbranch.Thebirdlovestoeatbeeswax(蜂蜡),butshe’stoosmalltochallengeawholecloudofbees.Luckilythislittlebirdhasasecrettoolforgettingthatdeliciousmealwithoutgettingattacked:humans!Infact,birdsofherspecieshavebeenguidingtribes(部落)inEastAfricatohoneyforthousandsofyears.Thebirdfliesbackabovethetallgrass,lookingforhumans.Whenshefindsthem,shechattersloudlytoattracttheirattention.Humansknowthatthiscallmeansthebirdisreadytoleadthemtohoney.Theygrabtheirtoolsandrunafterher.Whentheyreachthehive,thebirdsingsanewsongtosay,“Hereitis!”Atthebaseofthetree,thehumansbuildafire.Theyusesmoketocalmthebeesandbreakthehiveopenwithanaxe.Gatheringhoneycombsfrominside,theycarefullyfillbucketswithdelicioushoney.Whenthebucketsarefull,theyleavethewaxcombsonthegroundforthebird.Manytribesletthebirdeatasmuchhoneycombasthebirdlikesafterahunt.Butsome,liketheHadzainTanzaniae,onlyletthebirdeatacouplemouthfuls.Theybelievethatthiswillkeepthebirdhungryandreadytofindmorehivesforthem.Asmorepeoplemovetocities,fewerpeopleknowhowtogoonahoneyhunt.Thebirds’territoryisbecomingsmaller.Buttherearestilltribeswholovethesesmartlittlebirds.Theyknowthatbyworkingtogether,life’salittlesweeterforeveryone.8.Whichcanbestdescribethelittlebirdaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Hard-working. B.Strong-minded. C.Intelligent. D.Powerful.9.Whatroledoesthebirdplayduringtheprocessofhumans’honeyhunt?A.Ahoneyguide. B.Ahoneygatherer.C.Ahelpertocalmbees. D.Anattackeragainstbees.10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheHadzainparagraph3?A.Theycareaboutthebird’sneedmorethanothertribes.B.Theydonotappreciatethebird’sroleinfindinghoney.C.Theyaremorepurposefulintheirpartnershipwiththebird.D.Theyaregeneroustomakethebirdeatasmuchasitdesires.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.A“Sweet”Deal B.AHuman-assistedToolC.AHuntingJourney D.ABirdKindtoHumans【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍东非一种小鸟与人类合作寻找蜂蜜的独特关系及双方的互动模式。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thebirdlovestoeatbeeswax(蜂蜡),butshe’stoosmalltochallengeawholecloudofbees.Luckilythislittlebirdhasasecrettoolforgettingthatdeliciousmealwithoutgettingattacked:humans!(这种鸟喜欢吃蜂蜡，但它太小了，无法挑战一大群蜜蜂。幸运的是，这只小鸟有一个秘密工具，可以让它不被攻击就能吃到美味的食物：人类！)”可知，这种小鸟能利用人类获取自己无法得到的蜂蜡，体现了它的聪明。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Infact,birdsofherspecieshavebeenguidingtribes(部落)inEastAfricatohoneyforthousandsofyears.(事实上，数千年来，这种鸟一直在引导东非的部落寻找蜂蜜。)”以及下文描述小鸟如何吸引人类注意、带领人类找到蜂巢等内容可知，小鸟在人类寻找蜂蜜的过程中扮演着“向导”的角色。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Butsome,liketheHadzainTanzania,onlyletthebirdeatacouplemouthfuls.Theybelievethatthiswillkeepthebirdhungryandreadytofindmorehivesforthem.(但有些部落，比如坦桑尼亚的哈扎人，只让这种鸟吃几口。他们认为这样可以让鸟保持饥饿，随时为他们找到更多的蜂巢。)”可知，哈扎人控制鸟的食量是为了让鸟继续为他们寻找蜂蜜，在与鸟的合作中更具目的性。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段“Thebirdlovestoeatbeeswax(蜂蜡),butshe’stoosmalltochallengeawholecloudofbees.Luckilythislittlebirdhasasecrettoolforgettingthatdeliciousmealwithoutgettingattacked:humans!(这种鸟喜欢吃蜂蜡，但它太小了，无法挑战一大群蜜蜂。幸运的是，这只小鸟有一个秘密工具，可以让它不被攻击就能吃到美味的食物：人类！)”可知，文章主要讲述了东非的小鸟与人类合作寻找蜂蜜，人类获得蜂蜜，小鸟得到蜂蜡，这是一种“甜蜜的”交易。因此，“A“Sweet”Deal”（一笔“甜蜜”的交易）最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。DAlandmarkstudyinvolvingChineseteenagersrevealsthatintenseheatwavessignificantlyincreasedepressionandanxietysymptoms.PublishedintheJournalofAffectiveDisorders,theresearchdemonstratesthatforeveryunitriseinheatwaveintensity—depressionriskincreasesby13%andanxiety12%.Obviously,thesepsychologicalimpactsaffectvulnerablegroupstodifferentextent.Rural(农村的)studentsfacetwicethementalhealthburdenscomparedtourban(城市的)peers,likelyduetolimitedcoolingresourcesandoutdoorexposure.Equallystrikingisthegenderdifference;heat-exposedboysshow22%higheranxietyrisk,whilegirlsexhibitnosignificanteffect.Thisfindingisoppositetothegeneraltrendinmentalhealthresearch,wheregirlsareoftenfoundtobemorelikelytoreportsymptomslikeanxietyanddepression.Theteamidentifiedtheserisksthroughstandardizedscreenings.Roughly19%ofparticipantsmetdepressioncriteriaand16%anxietycriteriaafterstrictdatacleaning.Heatexposurewasratedusingthreedifferentdefinitionsofheatwaves.ThemajoronewastheExcessHeatFactor,whichconsidersbothshort-termtemperatureincreaseandlong-termtrends,allowingforamoredetailedunderstandingofheatwaveintensityandtheadaptationtotheclimate.Theothertwofocusedonthefrequencyofdayswithmaximumorminimumtemperatures.Toaddresstheseproblems,professorYizhenYu,leadresearcherfromHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology,presentssolutions:addingcoolingfacilitiesinruralschools,redesigningsportsprogramsforboysduringheatwaves,anddevelopingbreathableuniforms.However,limitationsexist—self-reportedsymptomsandinabilitytotrackindividualcopingbehaviors(应对行为)requirelong-termfollow-up.“Mygoalistoexplorehowvariousclimaticfactors—notjustheatwaves,butalsootherclimateextremes—affectthementalhealthandbehavioraldevelopmentofteenagersinChinaandbeyond,”Yuexplained,“Climatechangeisn’tjustanenvironmentalcrisis;it’samentalhealthcrisisunfoldingamongouryouth.Protectingthemdemandsactionacrosseducation,healthcare,andclimatepolicysectors.”12.Whyarethenumbersmentionedinparagraph1?A.Topresentanissue. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Tosupportafinding. D.Tomakeacomparison.13.Whoaremostinfluencedbyheatwavesaccordingtothenewresearch?A.Urbanboys. B.Ruralboys. C.Urbangirls. D.Ruralgirls.14.Whatcontributestoabetterunderstandingofheatwaveintensity?A.Thestandardizedscreenings. B.TheExcessHeatFactor.C.Focusingonextremetemperatures. D.Predictingthetrendofclimatechange.15.Whatdothelasttwoparagraphsimply?A.Boysshouldavoidsportsprogramsduringheatwaves.B.ProfessorYumanagestotrackindividualcopingbehaviors.C.Climatefactorsleadtobehavioraldevelopmentofteenagers.D.Jointeffortsareneededtosolveheatwave-relatedproblems.【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。这项研究揭示了中国青少年在极端高温天气下，抑郁和焦虑症状显著增加的现象。研究建议通过改善农村学校设施、调整体育活动和校服设计等措施来缓解这一问题。【12题详解】推理判断题。第一段提到“AlandmarkstudyinvolvingChineseteenagersrevealsthatintenseheatwavessignificantlyincreasedepressionandanxietysymptoms.PublishedintheJournalofAffectiveDisorders,theresearchdemonstratesthatforeveryunitriseinheatwaveintensity—depressionriskincreasesby13%andanxiety12%.(一项涉及中国青少年的里程碑式研究表明，强烈的热浪会显著增加抑郁和焦虑症状。这项发表在《情感障碍杂志》上的研究表明，热浪强度每增加一个单位，抑郁风险就会增加13%，焦虑风险就会增加12%。)”可知，强烈的热浪会增加抑郁和焦虑的风险，由此这里提到的数字是为了支持研究发现的。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Rural(农村的)studentsfacetwicethementalhealthburdenscomparedtourban(城市的)peers,likelyduetolimitedcoolingresourcesandoutdoorexposure.Equallystrikingisthegenderdifference;heat-exposedboysshow22%higheranxietyrisk,whilegirlsexhibitnosignificanteffect.(与城市同龄人相比，农村学生面临两倍的心理健康负担，这可能是由于冷却资源有限和户外暴露所致。同样引人注目的是性别差异；暴露于热浪中的男孩焦虑风险高出22%，而女孩则没有显著影响。)”可知，农村男孩受到热浪的影响最大，他们的焦虑风险增加了22%。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThemajoronewastheExcessHeatFactor,whichconsidersbothshort-termtemperatureincreaseandlong-termtrends,allowingforamoredetailedunderstandingofheatwaveintensityandtheadaptationtotheclimate.(其中最主要的是过量热因子，它考虑了短期温度升高和长期趋势，从而能够更详细地了解热浪强度和气候适应情况。)”可知，过量热因子有助于我们更好地理解热浪的强度。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“However,limitationsexist—self-reportedsymptomsandinabilitytotrackindividualcopingbehaviors(应对行为)requirelong-termfollow-up.(然而，也存在一些局限性——自我报告的症状以及无法追踪个体的应对行为，这就需要进行长期的跟踪观察。)”以及最后一段中“Yuexplained,“Climatechangeisn’tjustanenvironmentalcrisis;it’samentalhealthcrisisunfoldingamongouryouth.Protectingthemdemandsactionacrosseducation,healthcare,andclimatepolicysectors.”(于先生解释道：“气候变化不仅是一场环境危机，更是一场正在我们年轻人当中蔓延的心理健康危机。保护他们需要在教育、医疗以及气候政策等领域采取行动。”)”可知，最后两段暗示了解决与热浪相关的问题需要多部门，多个领域的共同努力。因此，选项D“Jointeffortsareneededtosolveheatwave-relatedproblems.(需要共同努力来解决与热浪相关的问题)”符合题意。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inmodernlife,mentalinternalfriction(精神内耗)isundoubtedlyanimportantfactoraffectingourefficiencyandhappiness.However,throughactivestrategiesandself-adjustment,wecanreducethisinternalfrictionandimproveourfocusandproductivity.____16____Thecausesofinternalfrictionareoftenhiddeninthinkingpatternsandemotionalreactions.First,weneedtorealizethatself-doubtisoneimportantfactorcausingmentalfatigue.Whenwedoubtourabilities,wecontinuetoengageinnegativeself-evaluation,whichonlydeepensthecycleofpressure.Second,excessivecomparison,causedbyexistingsocialmedia,isalsoareasonthatcannotbeignored.____17____.Ifwedon’tdealwithpastunhappinessortraumas(创伤)properly,theymaytriggerintensediscomfortdeepinsideus.ManagetimeandenergyEffectivetimemanagementisimportanttointernalfrictionreduction.Wecanachieveitbysettingcleargoalsandavoidingbeingdistractedbytrivialmatters(琐事).____18____.Apartfromtimemanagement,weneedtolearnhowtoprotectourenergy.Thisincludesidentifyingthosepeopleorthingsthatmaydrain(消耗)ourenergy.Additionally,self-reflectionisapartthatcannotbeignored.____19____.ImprovementaltoughnessMentaltoughnessenablesustoremaincalm,analyzeproblemsrationally,andfindsolutionsfacedwithdifficulties.Wecanincreaseourmentaltoughnessbysettingcleargoals,acceptingfailureandviewingitasawaytosuccessaswellasaskingforadvicefromothers.____20____.Forexample,takingafewminuteseachdaytopracticedeepbreathingexercisesordoingsomestretchingbetweenclassescanhelprelievestress.A.IdentifytherootB.Stopself-doubtandcomparisonC.SettingcleargoalsisessentialfortheteamD.TrysomesimplebuteffectivewaystoadjustsmalldetailsE.Wecanalsousetoolsliketo-doliststomanageourschedulesF.Besides,unresolvedemotionalissuesmayalsoresultininternalfrictionG.Wecanreviewourprogressandchallengestolearnfromthemfrequently【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.G20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何减少精神内耗、提高效率和幸福感。【16题详解】上文提到“However,throughactivestrategiesandself-adjustment,wecanreducethisinternalfrictionandimproveourfocusandproductivity.(然而，通过积极的策略和自我调节，我们可以减少精神内耗，提高我们的专注力和生产力。)”说明了我们可以通过某些方法来减少精神内耗。同时根据后文“Thecausesofinternalfrictionareoftenhiddeninthinkingpatternsandemotionalreactions.

(精神内耗产生的原因往往隐藏在思维模式和情绪反应之中。)”可知，精神内耗的根源往往是隐藏的；同时本段论述了精神内耗的多方面根源即自我怀疑、过渡比较以及未解决的情绪问题，由此A选项“Identifytheroot(找出根源)”作为本段小标题，指出了要减少精神内耗首先需要识别其根源，概括本段段旨。故选A。【17题详解】上文提到“Second,excessivecomparison,causedbyexistingsocialmedia,isalsoareasonthatcannotbeignored.(第二，由现有社交媒体引起的过度比较也是一个不容忽视的原因。)”说明了过度比较是精神内耗的一个原因。F选项“Besides,unresolvedemotionalissuesmayalsoresultininternalfriction(此外，未解决的情绪问题也可能导致精神内耗)”中的“Besides”表示除了上文提到的过度比较外，还有其他原因，即未解决的情绪问题，这与上文的逻辑相符，且为下文“Ifwedon’tdealwithpastunhappinessortraumas(创伤)properly,theymaytriggerintensediscomfortdeepinsideus.(如果我们不能妥善处理过去的不快乐或创伤，它们可能会在我们内心深处引发强烈的不适。)”做了铺垫。故选F。【18题详解】上文提到“Wecanachieveitbysettingcleargoalsandavoidingbeingdistractedbytrivialmatters(琐事).(我们可以通过设定明确的目标和避免被琐事分散注意力来实现它。)”说明了有效时间管理的一个方法。E选项“Wecanalsousetoolsliketo-doliststomanageourschedules(我们还可以使用待办事项列表等工具来管理我们的日程)”中的“also”表示除了上文提到的方法外，还有其他方法，即使用待办事项列表等工具来管理日程，这与上文的逻辑相符，且进一步丰富了有效时间管理的方法。故选E。【19题详解】上文提到“Additionally,self-reflectionisapartthatcannotbeignored.(此外，自我反思是一个不可忽视的部分。)”说明了自我反思的重要性。G选项“Wecanreviewourprogressandchallengestolearnfromthemfrequently(我们可以经常回顾我们的进步和挑战，从中学习)”中的“reviewourprogressandchallenges”与上文的“self-reflection”相呼应，强调了自我反思包括回顾自己的进步和挑战，并从中学习，这与上文的逻辑相符。故选G。【20题详解】上文提到“Wecanincreaseourmentaltoughnessbysettingcleargoals,acceptingfailureandviewingitasawaytosuccessaswellasaskingforadvicefromothers.(我们可以通过设定明确的目标、接受失败并将其视为成功的一种方式以及向他人寻求建议来增加我们的心理韧性。)”说明了增加心理韧性的方法。D选项“Trysomesimplebuteffectivewaystoadjustsmalldetails(尝试一些简单而有效的方法来调整细节)”提出了除了上文提到的方法外，还可以通过尝试一些简单有效的方法来调整细节来增加心理韧性，这与上文的逻辑相连，且为下文具体阐述这些方法做了铺垫。例如，“takingafewminuteseachdaytopracticedeepbreathingexercisesordoingsomestretchingbetweenclassescanhelprelievestress.(每天花几分钟时间练习深呼吸或课间做一些拉伸运动可以帮助缓解压力。)”就是调整细节的一种简单而有效的方法。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whatdoesittaketohavecourage(勇气)toactinthefaceofdanger?Whileboogieboarding(趴板冲浪)inthe____21____onafamilyvacation,Travis,18,noticedamotherandchild____22____indeepwater.Asatrainedlifeguard,hejumpedinto____23____.Hesawthemomandkidgoingunderwaterandgettingpulledoutwiththestrong____24____,soheyelled,“Areyouallright?”Thewomanshoutedno,soheswamtowardthemwithhis____25____.He’dbeeninthewaterforafewhoursandwasalittletired,buthisadrenaline(肾上腺素)wasgoingsohard.He____26____tohimself,“Itisindeedfrightening.ButIhadlittletime.Ijusthadtogo.”Hegavethemomhisboardandswamashardashecouldtotheboy,whohadgoneunderafewtimes.Hegotbeneathhimandhadhim____27____.Acoupleoftimesthewaves____28____overtheirheadsastheymadetheirwaytoshore,whichwaspretty____29____.Toeveryone’sdelight,he____30____it.Afterthe____31____,hesaid,“Idon’tthinkI’mahero.IthinkIwasputintherightplaceattherighttime.Thistaughtmethatlifeisvaluableandcanbe____32____atanypoint.Andatthatverymoment,Irealizedhowpowerfulandunpredictable____33____canbe.”Inourdailylife,whenwe____34____momentsofpanic,wecandrawstrengthfromTravisandmoveforward____35____.21.A.countryside B.stream C.pond D.ocean22.A.interacting B.playing C.exploring D.struggling23.A.conclusion B.sight C.action D.air24.A.winds B.waves C.support D.power25.A.board B.rope C.arms D.glasses26.A.sang B.came C.shouted D.thought27.A.float B.sink C.disappear D.swim28.A.flew B.ran C.broke D.stopped29.A.annoying B.exciting C.scary D.smooth30.A.held B.made C.saved D.got31.A.rescue B.attempt C.failure D.disaster32.A.wornaway B.putaway C.thrownaway D.takenaway33.A.belief B.nature C.behavior D.future34.A.encounter B.remember C.imagine D.overcome35.A.toughly B.bravely C.independently D.calmly【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.B25.A26.D27.A28.C29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了18岁的特拉维斯在海边度假时，勇敢救起一对遇险母子的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：18岁的特拉维斯在家庭度假时在海洋里趴板冲浪，他注意到一位母亲和孩子在深水里挣扎。A.countryside乡村；B.stream小溪；C.pond池塘；D.ocean海洋。根据前文“Whileboogieboarding(趴板冲浪)”可知，冲浪应该在海洋里。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：18岁的特拉维斯在家庭度假时在海洋里趴板冲浪，他注意到一位母亲和孩子在深水里挣扎。A.interacting互动；B.playing玩；C.exploring探索；D.struggling挣扎。根据后文“indeepwater”可知，在深水里，母亲和孩子应该是在挣扎。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名训练有素的救生员，他跳入水中。A.conclusion结论；B.sight视力；C.action行动；D.air空气。根据前文“Asatrainedlifeguard”可知，作为救生员，看到有人溺水，他跳入水中采取行动。jumpintoaction“采取行动”，固定短语。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看到妈妈和孩子在水下，被强烈的海浪卷走，于是他喊道：“你们没事吧？”A.winds风；B.waves海浪；C.support支持；D.power力量。根据前文“Hesawthemomandkidgoingunderwater”可知，妈妈和孩子在水下，应该是被海浪卷走了。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那位女士大声说“不好（有危险）”，于是他带着自己的冲浪板向他们游了过去。A.board冲浪板；B.rope绳子；C.arms胳膊；D.glasses眼镜。根据后文“Hegavethemomhisboard”可知，特拉维斯把自己的冲浪板给了妈妈，所以此处是他带着冲浪板向他们游去。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他心里想：“这真的很可怕。但我没有多少时间了。我必须得去了。”A.sang唱；B.came来；C.shouted喊；D.thought想。根据后文“Itisindeedfrightening.ButIhadlittletime.Ijusthadtogo.”可知，这是特拉维斯心里想的。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他潜到男孩下面，让他浮起来。A.float漂浮；B.sink下沉；C.disappear消失；D.swim游泳。根据前文“Hegotbeneathhim”可知，特拉维斯潜到男孩下面，目的是让男孩浮起来。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们向岸边游去时，海浪几次漫过他们的头顶，这相当可怕。A.flew飞；B.ran跑；C.broke打破；D.stopped停止。根据后文“overtheirheads”可知，海浪应该是漫过他们的头顶。breakover“漫过，冲过”，固定短语。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们向岸边游去时，海浪几次漫过他们的头顶，这相当可怕。A.annoying烦人的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.scary可怕的；D.smooth顺利的。根据前文“Acoupleoftimesthewavesovertheirheads”可知，海浪几次漫过他们的头顶，这是相当可怕的。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令大家高兴的是，他成功了。A.held握住；B.made制作，成功；C.saved拯救；D.got得到。根据前文“Toeveryone’sdelight”可知，特拉维斯成功地把男孩救到了岸边。makeit“成功做到”，固定短语。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：救援结束后，他说：“我不认为自己是英雄。我认为我在正确的时间被安排在了正确的地点。这让我明白，生命是宝贵的，随时都可能被夺走。就在那一刻，我意识到自然是多么强大和不可预测。”A.rescue救援；B.attempt尝试；C.failure失败；D.disaster灾难。根据前文“Toeveryone’sdelight,he

it.”可知，特拉维斯成功地把男孩救到了岸边，所以此处指救援结束后。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.wornaway磨损；B.putaway收起来；C.thrownaway扔掉；D.takenaway夺走。根据前文“lifeisvaluable”以及“Andatthatverymoment,Irealizedhowpowerfulandunpredictable”可知，人在大自然勉强是脆弱的，可能随时被夺走。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.belief信仰；B.nature自然；C.behavior行为；D.future未来。根据前文“Acoupleoftimesthewavesovertheirheadsastheymadetheirwaytoshore”可知，特拉维斯在海洋里救人，海浪等属于自然现象，所以此处指自然的力量是强大和不可预测的。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的日常生活中，当我们遇到恐慌的时刻，我们可以从特拉维斯身上汲取力量，勇敢地前进。A.encounter遭遇，遇到；B.remember记得；C.imagine想象；D.overcome克服。根据后文“momentsofpanic”可知，此处指遇到恐慌的时刻。故选A。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.toughly坚韧地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.independently独立地；D.calmly冷静地。根据前文“wecandrawstrengthfromTravis”可知，特拉维斯的行为是勇敢的，此处指从他身上学习，勇敢面对困难。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据句意、汉语提示或首字母填空，每空不超过3个单词。注意：请在答题卡上写全单词或词组。Andnow,howcanIlookbackupontheimpressionleftuponmebythatwalkunderthewaters?Wordsarenotenough____36____(relate)suchwonders.CaptainNemowalkedinfront,oneofhismenfollowingsomestepsbehind.ConseilandIremainedneareachother,asifanexchangeofwordshadbeenpossiblethroughourmetalcases.Inolongerfeltthe____37____(weigh)ofmyclothes,orofmyshoes,ofmyairsupply,ormythickhelmet,insidewhichmyhead____38____(shake)likeanutinitsshell.Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,____39____(astonish)mebyitspower.Thesolarraysshonethroughthewaterymasseasily,andconsumedallcolour,andIclearlydistinguishedobjectsata____40____(距离)orahundredandfiftyyards.Beyondthatthecolours____41____(dark)intofineshadesofdeepblue,and____42____(gradual)disappeared.Trulythiswaterwhich____43____(surround)mewasbutanotherairheavierthantheEarth’satmosphere,butalmostasclear.Abovemewasthecalmsurfaceofthesea.Wewerewalkingonfine,evensand,notwrinkledasonaflatshore,whichkeepstheimpressionofthewaves.Thisdazzlingcarpet,reallyareflector,droveawaytheraysofthesunwithwonderfulintensitywhicha____44____(解释；是……的原因)thevibrationwhichpassedthrougheveryatomofliquid.ShallIbebelievedwhenIsaythat,atthe_____45_____(deep)ofthirtyfeet,Icouldseeasifitwasinbroaddaylight?【答案】36.torelate37.weight38.shook39.astonished40.distance41.darkened42.gradually43.surrounded44.accountedfor45.depth【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文简单介绍了作者在海底漫步时所见的奇妙景象与独特感受。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，我该如何回顾那次水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？言语不足以描述这