高中英语 单元语法专练(被动语态)

单元语法专练(被动语态)(分值：94.5分)授课提示：对应学生用书67页Ⅰ.把下面各句转换成被动语态的句子(每空2分，满分10分)1．MissLicanmakeherclasslivelyandinteresting,soherstudentsrespecther.→MissLicanmakeherclasslivelyandinteresting,soshe________________byherstudents.答案：isrespected2．Inordertostopairpollution,thegovernmenthastakenalotofmeasures.→Alotofmeasures________________bythegovernmentinordertostopairpollution.答案：havebeentaken3．PeoplerefertoCaliforniaastheGoldenState.→California________________astheGoldenStatebypeople.答案：isreferredto4．Don'tbenervous,andtheywilltellyouwheretosit.→Don'tbenervous,andyou________________wheretositbythem.答案：willbetold5．Wearediscussinghowtospendthesummerholidaysnow.→Howtospendthesummerholidays________________byusnow.答案：isbeingdiscussedⅡ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分10分)在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1．I________(amaze)whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.答案：wasamazed解析：句意：当得知她那段时间一次饭也没做过时，我很是震惊。根据后面的learnt可知，此处说的是过去的事，故用一般过去时，而I与amaze之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。2．Themerryartistwassurehewould________(choose).答案：bechosen解析：句意：那个心情愉悦的画家确信他会被选中。从句中主语he与choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填bechosen。3．Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we________(invite)toattendtheDragon-BoatFestivalgathering.答案：wereinvited解析：句意：在我们为期一周的逗留的最后一天，我们被邀请参加端午节聚会。事情发生在过去，且主语we与动词invite之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。4．—Hurryup!Thefilmisonfortenminutes.—OK.Butthebeginning________(miss).答案：hasbeenmissed解析：句意：“快点儿！电影已经开演10分钟了。”“好的。但是开头部分已经错过了。”根据“Thefilmisonfortenminutes.”可判断miss的动作发生在过去并持续到了现在，且表示被动，故用现在完成时的被动语态。5．Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.答案：isregarded解析：句意：现在，骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一起被认为是最好的全面锻炼的形式之一。主语与regard构成被动关系；alongwith连接的名词(词组)作主语时，谓语动词的形式应该与其前的名词(词组)保持一致，所以填isregarded。6．Theyhavemadeanefforttomakesurethat5Gterminals________(install)fortheBeijingWinterOlympics.答案：hadbeeninstalled解析：句意：他们努力确保在北京冬奥会之前为其安装5G终端。表示过去某一时间前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时；5Gterminals和install之间是被动关系，用被动语态。7．Amyaswellasherbrothers,________(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtotheweddinglastweek.答案：wasgiven解析：句意：当上周埃米和她的兄弟们回到婚礼上时，他们受到了热烈的欢迎。根据lastweek可知，应用一般过去时；AaswellasB作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由A决定。本句的主语是Amy，所以填wasgiven。8．Itisreportedthatthedriverswon'tgobacktoworkuntiltheirdemandsforbetterpay________(satisfy).答案：aresatisfied解析：句意：据报道，那些司机不会回去工作，直到他们(获得)更高工资的要求被满足。satisfyone'sdemands意为“满足某人的要求”，从句的主语theirdemands与satisfy之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态；又因为until引导的是时间状语从句，所以用一般现在时表将来。9．Whenfatandsalt________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.答案：areremoved解析：句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉时，食物尝起来就好像缺失了什么东西。分析句子成分可知fatandsalt和remove之间是被动关系，且脂肪和盐分别是两种东西，所以填areremoved。10．Mywashingmachine________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.答案：isbeingrepaired解析：洗衣机是被修理的，且由thisweek可知，洗衣机正在被修，因此用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案为isbeingrepaired。Ⅲ.根据提示内容，用被动语态完成下列句子(每空2分，满分20分)1．我是不会去的，除非受到邀请。(unless引导的状语从句的省略)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Iwon'tgounlessinvited.解析：此处为状语从句的省略，完整句子应是“Iwon'tgounlessIaminvited.”。2．他妹妹在1998年离开了家，从那以后就没了音讯。(hearof)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Hissisterlefthomein1998,andhasnotbeenheardofsincethen.解析：根据时间状语sincethen以及主语与hearof构成被动关系可知，用现在完成时的被动语态。3．这些东西很畅销，很快就卖完了。(sellout)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Thesethingssoldwellandweresoldoutsoon.解析：主语thesethings与sellout构成被动关系。4．请你保持安静好吗？正在广播新闻，我想听听。(broadcast)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?ThenewsisbeingbroadcastandIwanttolisten.解析：thenews与broadcast构成被动关系，根据句意可知正在广播，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。5．关于怎样学外语已经说得够多了。(enough)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Enoughhasbeensaidonhowtolearnforeignlanguages.解析：enough与say构成被动关系，且助动词用has。6．他不喜欢被嘲笑。(laughat)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Hedislikesbeinglaughedat.解析：dislike后面接动词时用动词-ing形式，且主语he与laughat构成被动关系。7．自20世纪80年代以来，这个村庄里到处建起了楼房。(build,since)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Buildingshavebeenbuilteverywhereinthisvillagesincethe1980s/1980's.解析：根据since引导的时间状语可知用现在完成时，又因为buildings和build构成被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。8．我们应该采取措施禁止非法食用油流向餐桌。(情态动词should)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Measuresshouldbetakentoforbidreturningillegalcookingoiltodinnertables.9．这个故事最后被翻译成了英文。(translate)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Intheend,thestorywastranslatedintoEnglish.解析：thestory与translate构成被动关系，根据句意可知，动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。10．这首歌非常值得听。(beworthdoing)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Thissongiswellworthlisteningto.解析：beworthdoing为主动形式表被动意义。Ⅳ.句式转换(每空1分，满分12分)1．Theybelievethatthemeetingisasuccess.→①It________________thatthemeetingis________.→②Themeeting________________asuccess.答案：①isbelieved;successful②isbelievedtobe2．Someonesaidthatthestorywasfalse.→①It________________thestorywasfalse.→②Thestory________________false.答案：①wassaidthat②wassaidtobe3．Peoplesaidthathehaddied.→①Itwassaidthathe________________．→②Hewassaid________________．答案：①haddied②tohavedied4．MysistertoldmethatMotherscoldedheryesterday.→Iwas________thatmysister________yesterday.答案：told;wasscolded5．Peoplereportthattheyhavetranslatedthebookintomanyforeignlanguages.→①It________________thatthebook________________intomanyforeignlanguages.→②Thebook______________________________intomanyforeignlanguages.答案：①isreported;hasbeentranslated②isreportedtohavebeentranslatedⅠ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)CelebratingtheHarvestAroundtheWorldAharvestfestivalisacelebrationofthefallmonthsandtheharvestthatoftenaccompaniesthesemonths.1(____)CanadaInCanada,peoplecelebratetheirharvestonThanksgiving.2(____)TheEnglishexplorerMartinFrobishercameupontheland,searchingforthe“NewWorld”.AshearrivedinCanadain1578,hecelebratedsurvivingthelongjourneybyholdingaformalcelebrationandeatingsaltbeefandpeas.Today,ithasbecomearecognisedholidayinthecountrythatfallsonthesecondMondayinOctober.3(____)Oneofthehighlights(最精彩的部分)oftheholidayisabigThanksgivingDaymealwithfamily,whichusuallyincludesturkeyandbread,whicharepreparedandpresentedinauniqueCanadianway.TheUnitedKingdomHarvestfestivalactivitiesareconsideredaspecialtimeforcommunitiestocometogetherincelebration.Theharvestfestivalmaystartwithcarryingbasketsoffruitandvegetablestoalocalchurchwherepeoplesingpraisesongsforahealthyharvestwhileprayingforfutureharvests.4(____)Largedinnersmayalsobehostedwhereeachmemberbringsaspecialdishtosharewitheachother.ChinaIn2018,theFarmers'HarvestFestivalwaslaunchedinChina.It'sheldonthedayoftheautumnequinox(秋分),whichfallsroughlyonSept22or23.5(____)InJiaxing,ZhejiangProvince,farmersbrought100seedvarietiestothemainsiteoftheceremonyinNanhuDistrictandplacedtheminawalltomarktheachievementsoftheseedindustry.InHeilongjiangProvince,thefestivalwascombinedwithlocaltraditionsoftheDaur(达斡尔族)peopleandthelocalsdancedaroundbonfires.A．Thistraditionissaidtodatebacktothe16thcentury.B．Everyyear,arangeofeventsareorganisednationwide.C．Thesecelebrationstypicallyinvolvedancingandsinging.D．Thefoodsoftenfoundatthisfestivalareturkeyandbread.E．Manycountriescelebrateharvestfestivalsindifferentforms.F．Aspecialeffortmaybemadetogivefoodtothelessfortunate.G．OnThanksgiving,mostpeoplereturnhometogatherwiththeirfamily.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大、英国和中国的与丰收相关的节日。1．答案：E解析：根据文章标题以及第一句可知，文章与丰收的节日有关。根据下文各个小标题可知，文章将介绍三个国家庆祝丰收节的不同方式。E项(许多国家以不同的方式庆祝丰收节)概括文章主题，引出下文的介绍。故选E项。2．答案：A解析：根据上文“InCanada,peoplecelebratetheirharvestonThanksgiving.”可知，此处介绍加拿大人是在感恩节这天庆祝丰收，A项中的Thistradition指代上句中的“peoplecelebratetheirharvestonThanksgiving”；下文“EnglishexplorerMartinFrobishercameupontheland,searchingforthe‘NewWorld’．”则解释了这个传统的渊源，呼应了A项(这一传统据说可追溯到16世纪)。故选A项。3．答案：G解析：根据上文可知，在感恩节庆祝丰收已经成为全国性的活动；根据下文“OneofthehighlightsoftheholidayisabigThanksgivingDaymealwithfamily”可知，感恩节的习俗包括与家人一起吃一顿感恩节大餐。G项(在感恩节，大多数人回家与家人团聚)可以引出下文。故选G项。4．答案：F解析：根据空前一句可知，在丰收节，人们将很多食物带到教堂；下文“Largedinnersmayalsobehostedwhereeachmemberbringsaspecialdishtosharewitheachother.”介绍人们也可能举办晚宴来分享食物。F项(人们可能会作出特别的努力，为那些不幸的人提供食物)与分享食物有关，符合语境。故选F项。5．答案：B解析：空后内容对中国各地庆祝农民丰收节的活动进行了举例说明，B项(每年，一系列活动会在全国范围内举办)引出下文，符合语境。Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)DevinHinkston,30,wasdrivingthroughthetownwhenhespottedaboyplayingbasketballinhisdriveway.Whenhegot__1__，herealizedtheboywasusingatrashcanasabasketballhoop.Hinkstondecidedto__2__that.“Ialwaysdorandomactsof__3__，”Hinkstonsaid.“Forexample,whenIseea__4__person,I'llbuyhimajacketorfood.Ijustnever__5__aboutitonsocialmediabecausethat'snotthereasonwhyIdoit.Idoitfromthe__6__.”WhenHinkston__7__thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift,hewasgreetedbyPatriciaWilliamsandher8-year-oldgrandsonJeremiah.WilliamssaidJeremiahloves__8__andplaysitintheleagueinalocalchurch.“Thismanwasacomplete__9__”，Williamssaid.“IjuststartedcryingbecauseIfelthewasanangel.”Hinkstonsaidhegot__10__too.“Jeremiahwasjumpingfor__11__andIwasdroppingtears，”Hinkstonsaid.“Itwasspecial.”Hinkstonsaidhehasstayedin__12__withthefamilyandplanstogobacktothehousetohelpthem__13__thebasketballhoop.His__14__dream，hesaid，istofunda__15__gymforthekidsinthecommunitysotheyhaveactivitiestodoafterschool.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。DevinHinkston在开车路上看到一个男孩把垃圾桶当篮球筐用，于是喜欢做善事的他到男孩家里，为他送去了篮球筐，男孩和他的家人为此都很感动和高兴。Hinkston还想将来资助一家非营利的体育馆，让孩子们放学后可以去那里活动。1．()A.fasterB．closerC．clearerD．sooner答案：B解析：根据下文的“herealizedtheboywasusingatrashcanasabasketballhoop”可知，当Hinkston离得更近(closer)时，他意识到男孩是把垃圾桶当篮球筐用。2．()A.makeB．changeC．findD．get答案：B解析：根据下文的“thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift”可知，他想要改变(change)这一情况。3．()A.kindnessB．happinessC．freedomD．surprise答案：A解析：根据下文Hinkston举例说自己给无家可归的人买夹克衫或食物可知，他总是随意做些善(kindness)举。4．()A.luckyB．wealthyC．homelessD．careless答案：C解析：根据下文的“I'llbuyhimajacketorfood”可知，他是给无家可归的(homeless)人买夹克衫或食物。5．()A.thinkB．argueC．complainD．post答案：D解析：根据下文的“aboutitonsocialmedia”可知，此处指在社交媒体上发布(post)自己的善举。6．()A.heartB．beginningC．benefitD．young答案：A解析：上文提到Hinkston说自己不在社交媒体上发布自己所做的善举，说明他的善举不是为了博取关注，而是他发自内心(heart)想要帮助他人。7．()A.leftB．passedbyC．reachedD．built答案：C解析：根据下文的“thehousewithabasketballhoopasagift”可知，他带着篮球筐到(reached)男孩家里。8．()A.musicB．athletesC．giftD．basketball答案：D解析：此处与上文的“aboyplayingbasketball”相呼应，Jeremiah喜欢的是篮球。9．()A.helperB．supporterC．loserD．stranger答案：D解析：根据第一段中“DevinHinkston,30,wasdrivingthroughthetownwhenhespottedaboyplayingbasketballinhisdriveway.”可知，Hinkston是在开车路上看到男孩的，可见他们之间根本不认识，是陌生人(stranger)。10．()A.emotionalB．lostC．hopefulD．crazy答案：A解析：根据上文的“IjuststartedcryingbecauseIfelthewasanangel.”以及下文“Iwasdroppingtears”可知，Williams开始哭泣，带动得Hinkston也情绪激动(emotional)。11．()A.joyB．shockC．funD．wish答案：A解析：Hinkston给之前用垃圾桶当篮球筐的Jeremiah送来了篮球筐，所以Jeremiah的反应应当是高兴(joy)。12．()A.moodB．lifeC．touchD．tension答案：C解析：根据下文的“withthefamilyandplanstogobacktothehousetohelpthem”可知，Hinkston一直和这家人保持联系，stayintouchwith与……保持联系。13．()A.buyB．fitC．prepareD．break答案：B解析：根据下文thebasketballhoop可知，此处应该是安装篮球筐，fit最符合语境。14．()A.unrealisticB．earlyC．standardD．ultimate答案：D解析：unrealistic不切实际的；early早期的；standard标准的；ultimate最终的。根据下文的“gymforthekidsinthecommunitysotheyhaveactivitiestodoafterschool”可知，Hinkston的终极梦想是为社区里的孩子们资助一家非营利的体育馆，以便让他们放学后可以在里面活动。15．()A.superB．non-profitC．splendidD．specia