2025-2026学年上海市静安区市西中学高二（上）期中英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2025-2026学年上海市静安区市西中学高二（上）期中英语试卷I.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Britain'sobesityproblemiscostingoureconomyalmost£100billionayearandwillleaveusasickandpoornation，areporthasfound.AnalysisfromtheTonyBlairInstitute，publishedbyTheTimes，estimatesthatthedamagingeffect1nationalproductivityfromexcessweightisninetimesgreaterthanpreviouslybelieved.Thecostofobesityisexpectedtogrowbyanother£10billionoverthenext15years，accordingtothereport.Thetotalcostof£98billion，whichincludesthe£63billioncostofshorter，2（healthy）lives，isequivalenttoabout4percentofGDP.HenryDimbleby，theGovernment'sformerfoodtsar，hascalledonministers3（launch）smoking﹣stylerestrictionsonjunkfoodandturnawayfromplanstoputmillionsofoverweightpeopleonweight﹣lossdrugs.AccordingtoMrDimbleby，4suchinterventionsareinplace，Britainwillbeleftasickandimpoverishednation，theNHSwillsuckallthemoneyoutoftheotherpublicserviceswhileatthesametime，economicgrowthandtaxrevenuewillstagnate.Todate，thegovernment5（shelve）plansfora9pmjunkfoodadvertisingwatershed（禁播起始时间）andabanonbuy﹣one﹣get﹣one﹣freedealsonunhealthyproductsuntil2025.VictoriaAtkins，thehealthsecretary，suggeststheauthorities6（transfer）frombeingnanny﹣statist（管理过度）togivingpeoplehelpandadviceonhowtobehealthier.ADepartmentofHealthspokesmantoldTheTimesthatitwas"takingfirmactiontotackleobesity"7actuallyworked，citingfood﹣labellingguidelines，fundingforschoolsportsandgivinghealthyfoodvouchersto8（disadvantage）families.HermioneDace，oftheTonyBlairInstitute，toldthenewspaperthatitsanalysisshowsthatthehealthofthenationandoureconomicgrowthandprosperity9（ground）ondealingwithobesity."Weneedafreshapproach10realoptionsareavailabletopeople，rebalancingthefoodsysteminfavourofhealthy，cost﹣effectivechoicesanddiscouragingprofitingfromultra﹣processedandjunkfood."SectionBDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.revealedB.consumptionC.complexitiesD.sought﹣afterE.pricedF.lotteryG.performanceH.adorableI.functionalJ.uncheckedK.necessitiesBeijing﹣basedPopMartestimatedthatitsthird﹣quarterrevenueincreasedby120to125percentinabusinessupdate.Analystssaidthe11ofChina'sleadingblindboxtoyretailerhad"farexceededmarketexpectations".PopMarthasmillionsofyoungfanswhomaynotearnalotbutseemgenerousspendersonsmalltoysthatofferthememotionalandsocialvalue.Productslikeblindboxtoys，oddaccessoriesanddecorativeitemshavebecomehighly12，especiallyamongyoungpeople.Suchitems，oftennotnecessarily13，serveassourcesofcomfort，entertainmentorself﹣expression.Theblindboxeconomyisbasedonthesaleofproductsinpackagingthathidestheitem'sappearanceorspecificdesign，creatingasenseofmysterythatisonly14onopening.Thereisalsoa15elementofpossiblyacquiringarareitemwithahigherpotentialresalevalue.AsmallPopMartblindboxisnormally16between69and79yuan（US9.70toUS11）andlargeronescansellforseveralthousandyuan.CaoZuo，auniversitystudentinShanghaiwhoisafanofPopMart'stoys，saidthatpeoplewhocontinuetobuyblindboxesare"payingforlove"astheycontain"17"productsthat"provideakindofmentalsatisfaction".Inthissense，China'sGenZareseekingsolacethrough"emotionalconsumption"."Youngpeoplealsotendtobeimpulsebuyerswith18spendinghabitsanddaretotakeunknownrisks，"shesaid.MoDaiqing，asenioranalystattheChinaE﹣CommerceResearchCentre，saiddespitetheirrelativelyhighprices，suchitemsarestillaffordabletomostpeoplebecausetheyarenotfrequentlyconsumeddaily19."Peoplearealsofocusingmoreontheshoppingexperience，whichsomeofthebrands，suchasJellycat，doquitewell，makingconsumersfeelhappyandrelaxed，"sheadded.Infact，suchtoyssoldinblindboxesarenotonlytargetedatchildren，butadultsaswell.MaybeLabubucanofferaretreatintoanillusionofchildhoodsimplicity，toescapethe20thatoverwhelmouradultworld.Inamomentofglobalmarketsandmassproduction，maybethefantasyoflimitedavailabilitysubstitutesforcreativityorspecialness.SectionCDirections：Completethesentencesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.implementB.isblessedwithC.invitesD.delightsinE.establishedF.grantingG.boomingH.fulfillI.disciplinedJ.considerableK.amountto21.Sheanaturaltalentformusicandcanplayseveralinstruments.22.Suchabadlypresentedexhibitioncriticism.23.Thecharityreceiveda（n）amountofdonationsafterthenewsreport.24.Afteryearsofresearchandpublishing，thescientistherselfasanexpertinthefield.25.MybrothertellingmewhenImakeamistake.26.Aseniorarmyofficerhasbeenforrevealingsecretgovernmentplanstothemedia.27.Armyleaderssaytheretreatfromtheareadoesnotanendtothewar.28.Thedeterminationofpolicyisnotyourbusiness—yourjobistoit.29.We'relookingforaveryspecificsortofpersonandthiswomanseemstoallofourcriteria.30.Byhertheflexibilitytoworkremotely，themanageraddressedherimmediatepersonalneeds.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Longlongago，colleagueswouldsuggestchangestodocumentsinturn.Theywouldmakecommentsandaddrevisionstoafileontheirowncomputer，andthensenditontothenextperson.Itwas31andinconvenient.Theeraoftheshareddochasmadethisprocessmuchmoreuser﹣friendly.Butlikeallsocialactivities，ithasthegreat32ofexposingyoutootherpeople.Startwiththefactthatyoucanseewhoelseisinthedocument.Asuccessionofinitialsatthetopofthescreenconfirmsthatyouractionsarenowbeingobservedby33people.Oneoftheseinitialsfadesandbrightenseveryfewminutes，asthepersoninquestion34exitsandre﹣entersthedocument.Theyeitherhavenothingtodooraredeeplyanxiousaboutwhatmaybeabouttohappen.Iftheyaretheownerofthedocument，theyareabsolutelyrighttoworry，forpeoplewillbebusyrendering（提供）public35ontheirwork.Acursor（光标）jumpsrapidlyfromparagraphtoparagraph，andthensuddenlystops.Itremains36.Somethingmustbevery，verywrongwithwhattheyarereading.Itmovesmoreslowlyafterthat，itsconfidenceintheauthorvisibly37.Ifenoughpeopleareinvolved，chaosfollows.Someoneaddsaparagraph，causingsomeoneelsetomake38inthewrongplace.Twopeopleareengagedinafurious39battleoverasinglewordintheshareddoc，takingitbyturnstooverwriteeachother.Ifyouaretheownerofthedocument，youdonothavetowatchthisdisasterunfoldinrealtime.Butitwillstillseekyouout.Countlessemailsarrivetotellyouthattherehasbeen"40"inthedocument.Whenyoufinallygobackintothedocument，yousurveythescene.Suggestions41thetext.Awallofcommentsrunsdownonesideofthescreen.Somanyofthemhavebeenleftthatsomeareimpossibletoseeatfirst.Youwillstartaccepting，replying，42andresolving.Inashareddoc，ataponakeyboardawakensyourcolleagues.Asyougothroughthedoc，thoseemailsaresilentlyflyingofftotellpeopleyouhavebeenbusy.Initialsstartto43atthetopofthescreen.Silently，theyclusterandwait.Youknowthattheyaregearingupto44again.Therewillbemorechanges，morecomments，moreactivity.Ashareddocallowsyoutogathermoreopinions，andtobatthingsbackandforth；ideasarelesslikelytobedismissedfornogoodreason.Thereis45inthecrowd.Butthereisanawfullotofnoise，too.31.A.impracticalB.inefficientC.inaccessibleD.unstable32.A.methodB.chanceC.drawbackD.pressure33.A.multipleB.strangeC.idleD.talented34.A.unconsciouslyB.nervouslyC.occasionallyD.repeatedly35.A.judgementB.appreciationC.praiseD.demand36.A.irregularB.insensitiveC.immobileD.impersonal37.A.restoredB.boostedC.easedD.shaken38.A.connectionsB.alterationsC.claimsD.drafts39.A.legalB.virtualC.psychologicalD.daily40.A.activityB.troubleC.damageD.silence41.A.decorateB.replaceC.litterD.spread42.A.rejectingB.complainingC.boastingD.accusing43.A.fadeB.stickC.lieD.reappear44.A.sacrificeB.strikeC.emergeD.retreat45.A.limitationB.chaosC.wisdomD.disagreementSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.46．Asalittlegirl，asignificantpartofmychildhoodwasspentinmygrandma'scountrykitchen.Anoldstoveanchoredonesideoftheroom，andhersparklingcountertops（台板）werealwaystidy，toppedonlybyasimplebreadbox.Yet，themosttreasuredpossessioninthatentirespacewasherrecipebox.Abrilliantbaker，mygrandmacherishedthissimplewoodenbox，filledwithbelovedandsecretfamilyrecipes.Theywereorganizedintodifferentcategories—pies，cakes，cookies，breads—allwritteninherdistinctive，slantingcursive（倾斜的花体字）.Hersmalldinnertableprovidedtheperfectstageforhergloriousfresh﹣fruitpies—strawberry，blueberry，apple，cherry.Eachgoldencrustwasbeautifullydecoratedwithapretty"S"forherlastname，Shipman.Thiswastheonlydemonstrablesignofpridemyquietlyconfidentgrandmaeverpresented.Irememberaskingheroncewhyshewentthroughtheextratroubleofmakingthe"S".Shesmiledgentlyandsaid，"Whenyouputyournameonsomething，mydear，you'repromisingit'smadewithcareandlove."Thattiny，warmkitchenwastheundeniableheartofourfamily，thegatheringplaceforeverySundaydinnerandholidaycelebration.Butitwasfarmorethanjustaplaceforpreparingmeals.Itwasthesacredspacewheresheconnectedourfamily'spasttothepresent，teachingmeaboutmyrootsandheritagethroughthestoriesbehindeachdishshelovinglyprepared.ThekitchenwasalsowhereIsharedmysecretswithher.Afterthebakingwasdoneandthescentofwarmpastryhungintheair，shewouldsitwithme，andoveraglassofmilk，Iwouldpouroutmyheartaboutschool，friends，andmydreamsforthefuture.Now，everyThanksgiving，Icontinuethetradition.Ipulloutthetreasuredrecipeboxandbakethesamedesserts.AndafterIfinish，Istillperformourlittleritual：Icuttwoslicesofpie，pouracupofblackcoffeeforherandaglassofmilkformyself.Then，Itakeaseatatmyownkitchentableandtellmygrandmaallaboutmylife，keepingtheconnectionaliveacrosstimeanddistance.（1）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttherecipesinthegrandmother'sbox？A.Theywerewrittenbydifferentfamilymembers.B.Theyweremainlyforeverydaymeals.C.Theywereorganizedintodifferentcategories.D.Theywerecopiedfromafamouscookbook.（2）Theword"demonstrable"inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.A.obviousB.hiddenC.proudD.unusual（3）Whatcanbeinferredaboutthegrandma'scharacterfromthepassage？A.Shewasambitiousandsoughtpublicrecognitionforherbaking.B.Shewastraditionalandbelievedinstrictfamilyrules.C.Sheexpressedherloveandpridethroughactionsratherthanwords.D.Shewasresistanttochangeandheldontopasttraditionsstubbornly.（4）Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthor's"littleritual"atThanksgivingnow？A.Toprovethatsheisasgoodabakerashergrandma.B.Tokeephergrandma'skitchentraditionsasecret.C.Toteachherownchildrenaboutfamilyrecipes.D.Torememberandfeelconnectedtohergrandma.EveryStepCounts，EveryMileMatters!Event：BeijingMarathon—RunforCharityGoal：ToraisefundsandawarenessforchildreninneedinruralGansuProvince.BytheNumbers：The2016ImpactRunnersParticipating：2，000dedicatedcharityrunnersTotalFundsRaised：¥87，000ChildrenSupported：590studentsfrom15schoolsEssentialItemsProvided：WarmwinterjacketsandschoolstationerysetsRunners'Stories"Crossingthefinishlinefeltamazing，butknowingwhyIwasrunningfeltevenbetter.Myefforthelpedbuyawarmcoatforachildwhomightotherwisebecoldinwinter.Thatthoughtcarriedmethrougheverykilometer."——TengLijun，UniversityStudent"Trainingforthisafteralongworkdaywastough，butitgavemeapowerfulsenseofpurposebeyondmyjob.Itshowedmethatevenabusyprofessionalcancontributetosomethingbigger."——MarkChen，FinancialAnalystBeyondtheDonation：RippleEffectsTheinitiativeaimedtodomorethanjustprovidematerialsupport.AteamofrunnersvisitedtheschoolsinGansutopersonallydeliverthesupplies.Theysharedstoriesoftheirtrainingandthemarathon，hopingtoinspirethechildrentopursuetheirowngoalsandfacechallengeswithresilience（韧性）.Thevisitendedwithfunrelayraces，wherelaughterandencouragementwereasabundantasthenewschoolsupplies.JointheMovement!Wanttomakeadifferenceinnextyear'sevent？Here'showyoucangetinvolved：✔Signupasacharityrunnerandraisesponsorship.✔Contributeanyamountthroughoursecureonlineplatform.✔Shareourstoryonsocialmediatohelpusreachmoresupporters.Together，wecanruntowardsabrighterfutureforeverychild.47.WhatwastheprimarygoaloftheRunforCharityinitiative？A.TopromotetheBeijingMarathoninternationally.B.Tohelpneedychildreninaruralarea.C.Tofindthefastestrunnersinthecountry.D.Toencouragestudentstobecomeprofessionalathletes.48.Accordingtopassage，whatwasprovidedforthe590children？A.Electronicdevicesandonlinecourses.B.Sportsequipmentandtournamentfees.C.Schoolsuppliesandwinterclothing.D.Scholarshipsforuniversityeducation.49.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawaytosupporttheinitiative？A.SigninguptorunandcollectsponsorshipB.VolunteeringatwaterstationsduringthemarathonC.DonatingmoneythroughtheofficialwebsiteD.SharinginformationonsocialmediaplatformsHaveyoueverenteredastoreandnoticedapleasantsmelloffreshbreadorcoffee？Thisisoftennotbychance.Manybusinessesnowuseastrategycalledscentmarketingtoshapecustomerfeelingsandshoppingbehavior.Bypumpingspecificsmellsintheirstores，theycreateawelcomingenvironmentthatencouragespeopletostaylongerandspendmore.Awell﹣knownexamplecomesfromaBrooklynsupermarketthatsetupsmallscentmachines.Thesedevicesreleaseappealingsmellslikechocolatecookiesorseaairatdifferenttimes.Thestoremanagerfoundthatcustomersnotonlystayedlongerbutalsoreportedabettershoppingexperience.Moreimportantly，salesofsomeitems，especiallybakedfoods，rosenoticeablyafterthemachineswereinstalled.Whydoesthisworksowell？Researchshowsthatsmellisstronglyconnectedtomemoryandemotion.Thishappensbecausethepartofourbrainthatprocessessmellsisclosetothepartthathandlesemotionsandmemories.Whenwesmellsomethingpleasant，itcanbringbackhappymemoriesandmakeusfeelgood.Forexample，thesmellofbakingbreadmightremindyouofyourgrandmother'skitchen，makingyoufeelwarmandcomfortable.Whencustomersfeelhappyandrelaxed，theyaremorelikelytostaylongerinthestoreandmakepurchases.Importantly，weusuallynoticethesesmellswithoutfullawareness，sotheireffectonourchoicesissubtleyetpowerful.Besidessupermarkets，manyotherplacesnowusescentmarketing.Forexample，somehotelsreleasearelaxingsmelloflavender（薰衣草）intheirlobbiestohelpguestsfeelcalmandwelcome.Clothingstoresmightuselightfloralscentstocreateafreshandcleanenvironment，makingcustomersmorelikelytotryonclothesandenjoytheirtimeshopping.Thisstrategyisbecomingmorecommonbecauseitoffersasimplewaytoimprovethecustomer'sexperiencewithoutthemevenrealizingit.However，somepeopleworrythatthispracticeisaformofmanipulation.Theyquestionifitisrighttousehiddenmethodstoinfluencespending.Despitetheseconcerns，scentmarketingcontinuestogrowinuseacrossvariousindustries，fromhotelstocardealerships，showingthatformanybusinesses，engagingthesenseofsmellisasimportantasvisualappeal.50.Accordingtothepassage，whatspecificresultdidtheBrooklynsupermarketobserveafterinstallingscentmachines？A.Customerscomplainedaboutartificialsmells.B.Salesofbakedgoodssignificantlyincreased.C.Themachineswereremovedduetohighcosts.D.Customerspreferredthesmellofseaairoverfoodscents.51.Basedontheexplanationofhowscentmarketingworks，whymightaclothingstoreuselightfloralscents？A.Tocoverupunpleasantodorsinthedressingrooms.B.Toremindcustomersofnatureandencourageeco﹣friendlypurchases.C.Tocreateanatmospherewhereshoppersfeelmorecomfortable.D.Toalertcustomerstoitspotentialstealthmarketing.52.Thephrase"aformofmanipulation"inthelastparagraphrefersto.A.makingcustomersbuythingstheydonottrulywantB.usinghiddenmethodstoinfluencepeoplewithouttheirawarenessC.trickingpeopleintobelievingproductsaremorevaluablethantheyareD.forcingbusinessestouseexpensivescentmachines53.Whichtitlebestsummarizesthemainideaoftheentirepassage？A.TheHistoryofSupermarketAdvertisingB.TheScienceofBakingandBreadSmellsC.WhyCustomersDislikeScentMachinesD.HowScentsSecretlyShapeShoppingBehaviorSectionCDirections：Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.AChickenCutlet（肉排），withaSideofStand﹣upChinahasnoshortageofinternetcelebrities.Butthelatestviralstarisnotapopidoloramake﹣upinfluencer.Heisa48﹣year﹣oldfried﹣chickenvendorfromJingdezhen.Inlessthanaweek，LiJunyonghasattractedmorethan300，000followersonDouyinaftervideosofhistalk﹣show﹣stylesalesmanshipspreadonline.Thefooditselfisunremarkable.Hisperformanceisnot.Betweenflippingcutlets，heentertainscustomerswithwisecracks."Thechickenisfree，"hedeclares，"buttheplasticbagcostssixyuan."Or："Youcanrefuseme，butneverrefusemychicken."54PartofMrLi'sappealisconsistency.Rainorshine，heappearsathisstall，oftenuntillateatnight.Students，officeworkersandpensionersalikelineup，manyreturningdaily.55Hegreetscustomersas"oldfriends，"recallstheirordersprecisely，andevenoffersschoolchildrenaone﹣yuandiscountafter4.30p.m."Mydreamistoensureeverycustomerhasapleasantexperience，"heexplains.Success，however，istiring.MrLinowsleepsnomorethanthreeorfourhoursanight.56Hissuddenpopularityhasalsodrawnattentionfromlivestreamersandrivalvendorseagertobaskintheglowofhisfame.Heremainsunfazed（未受干扰）："Theirpresenceisawayofshowingsupport—forme，forJingdezhen，andforJiangxi."Localofficialshavealsospottedanopportunity.OnSeptember29ththecity'sculturebureaunamedhim"CulturalandTourismAmbassador."Itisatitleusuallyreservedforoperasingersorsportsstars，butinMrLi'scaseitsignalsabroadertrend.57MrLi'srisealsohintsatdeeperundercurrentsinChineseconsumerculture.Socialmediausers，wearyoffakeinfluencersandcontrivedmarketingcampaigns，aredrawntohisunpolishedauthenticity.A.Headmitsheisexhaustedbutinsistsheishappy："Ican'tletthosewaitinginlinedown."B.Deliveredintherhythmofaseasonedentertainer，hislineshavewonhimthenickname"thechickencutletcurator".C.Suchcalmness，andhisrefusaltoargueaboutwhobenefits，onlyaddstohisappeal.D.CitiesacrossChinaincreasinglymakeuseofinternetcelebritiesaslivingadvertisements，hopingtoturntheirfleetingfameintosustainabletourism.E.Somesayhischickenisgood，buthiswarmthisbetter.F.Hissuccesshasinspiredmanyyoungpeopletostarttheirownbusinesses.III.SummaryWriting58．Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Gossip"DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamLastFriday？"LindseywhisperstoTori.Withhereyesshining，Toribrags，"YoubetIdid，Seantoldmetwodaysago."LindseyandToriaren'tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool，includingme.ManyofourconversationsaregossipandIhavenoticedtheeffectsofgossip.Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually，gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups，troubleathome—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.Themoreembarrassingthesecretis，thejuicierthegossipitmakes.Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless，butcruelliescancausepain.Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful，thenwhydosomanyofusdoit？Theanswerliesinanothereffectofgossip：thesatisfactionitgivesus.Sharingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeelimportantbecauseheorsheknowssomethingthatothersdon't.Similarly，hearingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeellikepartofthe"ingroup".Inotherwords，gossipissatisfyingbecauseitgivespeopleasenseofbelongingorevensuperiority.Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect：itstrengthensunwrittenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.ProfessorDavidWilsonexplainsthatgossipisimportantinpolicingbehaviorsinagroup.Forinstance，ifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid，thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.Thedo'sanddon'tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.Theeffectsofgossipvarydependingonthesituation.Thenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetospreadthelatestnews，thinkaboutwhyyouwanttogossipandwhateffectsyour"juicystory"mighthave._____IV.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.59．尽管面临经济困难，这位年轻艺术家从未放弃举办个展的梦想。（despite）（汉译英）60．每天坚持阅读能丰富知识储备，这对学术研究有显著贡献。（contribute）（汉译英）61．为保护濒危的传统戏曲，民间艺术家们不仅修复了古戏台，还激励年轻一代传承这门艺术。（inspire）（汉译英）62．与预期相反，正是团队成员的紧密协作而非个人能力，最终赢得董事会的赞同，确保了项目的成功。（contrary）（汉译英）

2025-2026学年上海市静安区市西中学高二（上）期中英语试卷参考答案与试题解析I.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Britain'sobesityproblemiscostingoureconomyalmost£100billionayearandwillleaveusasickandpoornation，areporthasfound.AnalysisfromtheTonyBlairInstitute，publishedbyTheTimes，estimatesthatthedamagingeffect（1）onnationalproductivityfromexcessweightisninetimesgreaterthanpreviouslybelieved.Thecostofobesityisexpectedtogrowbyanother£10billionoverthenext15years，accordingtothereport.Thetotalcostof£98billion，whichincludesthe£63billioncostofshorter，（2）unhealthier（healthy）lives，isequivalenttoabout4percentofGDP.HenryDimbleby，theGovernment'sformerfoodtsar，hascalledonministers（3）tolaunch（launch）smoking﹣stylerestrictionsonjunkfoodandturnawayfromplanstoputmillionsofoverweightpeopleonweight﹣lossdrugs.AccordingtoMrDimbleby，（4）unlesssuchinterventionsareinplace，Britainwillbeleftasickandimpoverishednation，theNHSwillsuckallthemoneyoutoftheotherpublicserviceswhileatthesametime，economicgrowthandtaxrevenuewillstagnate.Todate，thegovernment（5）hasshelved（shelve）plansfora9pmjunkfoodadvertisingwatershed（禁播起始时间）andabanonbuy﹣one﹣get﹣one﹣freedealsonunhealthyproductsuntil2025.VictoriaAtkins，thehealthsecretary，suggeststheauthorities（6）（should）transfer（transfer）frombeingnanny﹣statist（管理过度）togivingpeoplehelpandadviceonhowtobehealthier.ADepartmentofHealthspokesmantoldTheTimesthatitwas"takingfirmactiontotackleobesity"（7）that/whichactuallyworked，citingfood﹣labellingguidelines，fundingforschoolsportsandgivinghealthyfoodvouchersto（8）disadvantaged（disadvantage）families.HermioneDace，oftheTonyBlairInstitute，toldthenewspaperthatitsanalysisshowsthatthehealthofthenationandoureconomicgrowthandprosperity（9）aregrounded（ground）ondealingwithobesity."Weneedafreshapproach（10）whererealoptionsareavailabletopeople，rebalancingthefoodsysteminfavourofhealthy，cost﹣effectivechoicesanddiscouragingprofitingfromultra﹣processedandjunkfood."【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：《泰晤士报》发布的托尼•布莱尔研究所分析估计，超重对国民生产力的破坏性影响是此前预估的九倍。根据空后的"nationalproductivity"可知，空处应用介词on，和名词effect搭配，表示"对…的影响"。故填on。（2）考查形容词比较级。句意：总计980亿英镑的成本，其中包括因寿命缩短和健康恶化导致的630亿英镑损失，约占GDP的4%。空处和shorter并列，作修饰lives的定语，形容词unhealthy"不健康的"符合语境，且需用比较级形式，和shorter保持形式一致。故填unhealthier。（3）考查动词不定式。句意：政府前食品政策负责人亨利•丁布尔比呼吁部长们对垃圾食品实施类似烟草的严格限制，并放弃为超重人群大规模提供减肥药的计划。callonsbtodo是固定短语，意为"呼吁某人做某事"，故填tolaunch。（4）考查状语从句。句意：根据丁布尔比先生的说法，除非这些干预措施到位，否则英国将沦为贫病交加的国家，NHS会耗尽其他公共服务的资金，同时经济增长和税收将陷入停滞。"英国将沦为贫病交加的国家"建立在"这些干预措施到位"不成立的情况下，因此用unless"除非"引导条件状语从句。故填unless。（5）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，政府已暂缓原定于2025年前实施的垃圾食品晚间9点广告禁播计划和不健康产品"买一送一"促销限制。空处作句子的谓语，结合"Todate"可知，时态应用现在完成时，shelve"搁置"和主语thegovernment之间是主动关系，且主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填hasshelved。（6）考查虚拟语气。句意：卫生部长维多利亚•阿特金斯建议当局从管理过度转变为向人们提供帮助和建议，告诉他们如何变得更健康。suggest表示"建议"，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分用"should+动词原形"的形式，且should可以省略。故填（should）transfer。（7）考查定语从句。句意：卫生部的一名发言人告诉《泰晤士报》，他们正在"采取坚定的行动来解决肥胖问题"，这实际上是有效的，他提到了食品标签指南、资助学校体育活动以及向弱势家庭发放健康食品券。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词action，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。（8）考查形容词。句意：卫生部的一名发言人告诉《泰晤士报》，他们正在"采取坚定的行动来解决肥胖问题"，这实际上是有效的